CN104684632A - 用于膜的聚合物共混物 - Google Patents
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- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
- B01D67/00111—Polymer pretreatment in the casting solutions
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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Abstract
亲水性聚合物共混物,且聚合物膜从亲水性聚合物共混物形成。聚合物共混物包含疏水性成膜聚合物和作为共混物相容的亲水化添加剂的聚噁唑啉。成膜聚合物是疏水性的,包括诸如聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)。聚噁唑啉可以包括聚乙基噁唑啉(PEOAz)。聚噁唑啉可以具有从约5,000g/mol到约500,000g/mol的分子量。成膜聚合物与聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约2:1到按重量计约50:1、从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约28:1、或从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约4:1。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求于2012年9月14日提交的题为A POLYMER BLEND FORMEMBRANES的澳大利亚临时申请第2012904007号的优先权。
背景
1.技术领域
本文公开的方面和实施方案涉及共混聚合物、其作为多孔聚合物过滤膜的用途及其制备方法。
2.相关技术的讨论
膜过滤装置可以被用来从流体例如水中分离污染物例如颗粒、固体、和/或微生物。在膜过滤装置中,流体被驱动通过膜,然而由于吸附到膜表面上、或由于从膜表面的静电排斥,污染物基于尺寸被阻止以免通过膜。用于移动流体通过膜的驱动力通常是流体压力。膜中的孔可以阻止具有大于孔的尺寸的颗粒通过膜壁。
在模块锅(module pot)中通过将过滤膜例如多孔中空膜的端部密封,屏障通常在待被过滤的进入液体流(通常被称为进料)与过滤的液体流(通常被称为滤液)之间形成。为了实现有效的过滤,维持屏障的完整性通常是合意的。屏障完整性的任何损害都可以导致滤液流的不合意的污染。
膜过滤***中的膜可以由多种材料例如陶瓷或聚合物形成。
概述
根据一个方面,提供了亲水性聚合物共混物,所述亲水性聚合物共混物包括成膜聚合物和聚噁唑啉的相容的混合物。
在某些实施方案中,成膜聚合物是疏水性聚合物。成膜聚合物可以包括聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)。聚噁唑啉可以包括聚乙基噁唑啉(PEOAz)。聚噁唑啉可以具有从约5,000g/mol到约500,000g/mol的分子量。
在某些实施方案中,成膜聚合物与聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约2:1到按重量计约50:1、从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约28:1、或从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约4:1。
根据另一个方面,提供了亲水性多孔聚合物膜,所述亲水性多孔聚合物膜包含成膜聚合物和聚噁唑啉的相容的混合物。
在某些实施方案中,成膜聚合物是疏水性聚合物。成膜聚合物可以包括PVDF。聚噁唑啉可以包括PEOAz。聚噁唑啉可以具有从约5,000g/mol到约500,000g/mol的分子量。
在某些实施方案中,成膜聚合物与聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约2:1到按重量计约50:1、从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约28:1、或从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约4:1。
在某些实施方案中,亲水性多孔聚合物膜还包含成孔剂。成孔剂可以是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-共-乙酸乙烯酯(polyvinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate)(PVP-VA)。
根据另一个方面,提供了成膜掺杂剂。成膜掺杂剂包含成膜溶剂和溶解的聚合物共混物,所述溶解的聚合物共混物包括成膜聚合物和聚噁唑啉的相容的混合物。
在某些实施方案中,成膜掺杂剂还包含成孔剂。成膜掺杂剂还可以包含聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-共-乙酸乙烯酯(PVP-VA)和水中的一种。
在某些实施方案中,成膜溶剂选自由N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)和丁内酯组成的组。成膜溶剂可以是NMP。成膜溶剂可以以从约60重量%到约80重量%的量存在于成膜掺杂剂中。
在某些实施方案中,聚合物共混物以从约1重量%到约25重量%或从约14重量%到约20重量%的量存在于成膜掺杂剂中。
根据另一个方面,提供了增加多孔聚合物膜的亲水性的方法。方法包括在从成膜掺杂剂形成多孔聚合物膜之前,将聚乙基噁唑啉包含到成膜掺杂剂中。
附图简述
附图不被意图被按比例绘制。在附图中,在多个图中示出的每个相同或几乎相同的部件通过相同的数字代表。为了清楚的目的,在每个附图中,并不是每个部件都被标记。在附图中:
图1是根据本文公开的实施方案形成的多种膜的组成和选择的性质的表;并且
图2是根据本公开内容的中空纤维膜的实施方案的横截面的一组SEM图像。
详细描述
过滤膜和形成本文公开的过滤膜的方法的各个方面和各个实施方案克服或改善现有技术的缺点并且提供有用的替代方案。
本文公开的各个方面和各个实施方案在应用中不限于在以下的描述中陈述或在附图中示出的部件的构造细节和布置。公开的各个方面和各个实施方案能够以多种方式实践或实施。此外,本文使用的措辞和术语是为了描述的目的,并且不应该被认为是限制的。本文使用的“包括(including)”、“包括(comprising)”、“具有”、“含有”、“包括(involving)”及其变型意指包括其后列出的项目及其等效物以及另外的项目。
合成聚合物膜可以在过滤例如超滤和/或微滤的领域中被用于多种目的,所述多种目的包括但不限于从市政饮用水和食品、药物、金属加工(metalworking)、乳制品和葡萄酒工业的流体中脱盐、气体分离、水或废水净化、渗析和分离颗粒。膜的性质取决于膜的形态学而变化,例如取决于诸如对称性、孔形状、孔尺寸和用于形成膜的聚合物材料的化学性质的性质而变化。例如,微孔相转变膜和具有高表面电荷的膜特别良好地适合用于从流体介质中除去病毒和细菌,如在于2010年12月20日提交的题为CHARGED POROUS POLYMERIC MEMBRANES AND THEIRPREPARATION的共同未决的美国专利申请第12/973,508号中所公开,其通过引用的方式被并入本文中。
不同的膜可以被用于特定的分离工艺,所述分离工艺包括微滤、超滤、和反渗透。微滤、超滤、和反渗透是通过膜能够保留或通过膜的颗粒或分子的尺寸被区分的压力驱动的过滤工艺。微滤可以除去在微米和亚微米范围内的非常细的胶体颗粒。通常,微滤可以过滤下至0.05μm的颗粒,然而超滤可以保留小至0.01μm和更小的颗粒。反渗透***通常能够从液体中除去甚至更小的颗粒。
大的过滤膜表面积可以利于从待被过滤的流体中生产大通量的滤液。紧凑的过滤设备可以包括以中空多孔纤维的形状形成的膜。中空纤维膜提供高表面积、高的可实现的膜填充密度、卫生设计和良好的结构完整性的组合的益处。因此,如与利用其他形式的过滤膜的***相比,利用中空纤维过滤膜的***可以能够提供较大速率的流体过滤同时使用较少的空间和较低的能耗。因此,中空纤维膜是可以被用于分离工艺的其他膜构造比如平坦的片材或螺旋缠绕的膜的高度实用并且有成本效益的替代方案。
大量的中空纤维过滤膜(例如,多达几千)可以被捆绑在一起并且被容纳在过滤模块内。中空纤维过滤膜模块构造是高度合意的构造,因为其使模块能够实现非常高的每单位体积的过滤膜表面积。中空纤维过滤膜可以并行地用来过滤流体例如水,用于净化。在“外-内”过滤中,待被过滤的流体可以流动接触模块内的所有中空纤维过滤膜的外表面。通过应用横跨中空纤维过滤膜的壁的压力(跨膜压力),流体被推动到中空纤维过滤膜中的每个的中心通道或内腔内,然而微污染物仍然被俘获在中空纤维过滤膜之外。过滤的流体或滤液可以收集在中空纤维过滤膜内,并且通过内腔的端部被排出。在“内-外”过滤中,待被过滤的流体可以流动接触膜的内腔。通过应用跨膜压力,流体被推动通过膜壁,并且滤液可以从膜的外侧收集。
为了利于其作为中空纤维过滤膜的用途,聚合物纤维可以被形成为具有提供易于进行的微滤的微结构。在某些实施方案中,已经发现的是,不对称的超滤膜和微滤膜的微结构是有利的。例如,在某些实施方案中,横跨膜的孔径梯度不是均匀的,而是相对于膜内的横截面距离变化。在某些实施方案中,已经发现的是,提供作为不对称膜的中空纤维过滤膜是有利的,所述不对称膜具有在外表面上紧紧聚拢的小孔和朝向膜壁的内边缘的较大较敞开的孔。已经发现这种微结构是有利的,因为其提供机械强度和过滤效率之间的良好平衡。
中空纤维膜的化学性质还是确定用于流体过滤的中空纤维膜的实用性和有效性的重要因素。中空纤维膜的亲水性性质或疏水性性质是一种重要的化学性质。
传统上被用于浇铸多孔过滤膜的聚合物中的多种是疏水性聚合物。通过使用足够的压力可以推动水通过疏水性多孔膜,但在某些情况下需要的压力可能是非常高的,例如在约150psi(1MPa)和300psi(2MPa)之间。在这样的压力下,膜可能被损坏并且通常没有变成均匀润湿的。
已经观察到的是,亲水性膜通常受到比疏水性膜更少的吸附性结垢。然而,疏水性膜通常提供比亲水性膜更好的化学稳定性、热稳定性、和生物学稳定性。在水过滤膜的领域中,在某些情况下,组合亲水性聚合物膜的低结垢性质和疏水性聚合物膜的稳定性可以是合意的。
中空纤维微滤膜和/或超滤膜可以从包括例如以下的聚合物制备:聚烯烃;聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF);聚醚砜(PES);聚砜(PSf);聚丙烯腈(PAN);乙烯-氯三氟乙烯共聚物;乙烯-氯三氟乙烯与丙烯酸正丁酯的三元共聚物;氟乙烯/氯乙烯、偏二氟乙烯/偏二氯乙烯、六氟丙烯的三元共聚物、氯三氟乙烯、以及四氟乙烯。这些材料为从其形成的过滤膜提供合意的结构特性和机械强度,然而,这些材料中的某些的缺点是其既是疏水性的又在作为过滤膜使用期间容易经历结垢。此外,在某些苛求的应用中,这些材料的机械性质比如断裂强度和延展性(extension)少于最佳值。
改善由疏水性材料形成的中空纤维膜的结垢性能和机械性质的一种方法是将亲水性聚合物包含在纤维膜配方中,这能够赋予产生的膜优于仅由疏水性材料形成的膜的机械性质和化学性质。术语“亲水性的”是相对的,并且(如在本文中所使用)指的是当被添加到基础的成膜聚合物中时致使由所得到的混合物形成的膜比在膜不含有该化合物的情况下更亲水的化合物。可以被包含到疏水性成膜材料内以改善疏水性成膜材料的化学性质和/或机械性质的亲水性聚合物的例子包括但不限于:聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮)(PVP)和PVP共聚物,比如聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮/乙酸乙烯酯)共聚物、聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮/丙烯酸)共聚物、聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮/烷基氨基甲基丙烯酸酯(alkylaminomethacrylate))共聚物、聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮/烷基氨基甲基丙烯酰胺(alkylaminomethacrylamide))共聚物、聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮/甲基丙烯酰氨基丙基三甲基氯化铵)共聚物、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚电解质、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、乙酸纤维素、磺化聚合物或任何这些类型的聚合物的混合物。
多种聚合物彼此是不相容的,并且将不容易混合或如果混合将容易分离。由不相容的聚合物的混合物形成的膜通常展示出差的机械性质。相容的聚合物共混物或混合物可以被定义为其中构成的聚合物是可混溶的、在成膜溶剂中没有相分离的那种,所述成膜溶剂例如N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)、或丁内酯。为了从聚合物的混合物形成具有合意的机械性质和化学性质的膜,通常重要的是,聚合物不仅在溶解状态(掺杂剂溶液)中是相容的,而且聚合物在相分离阶段期间以相容的方式表现以确保均匀或至少可预测的包含到聚合物膜中。因此,识别既与疏水性成膜聚合物相容且能够改善产生的膜的亲水性和/或机械性质的聚合物添加剂是非常令人感兴趣的。
本文公开的各个方面和各个实施方案关于聚合物超滤膜或微滤膜来描述。然而,将由本领域的技术人员理解的是,本文公开的各个方面和各个实施方案可以被应用于任何适当的聚合物材料(其中描述的种类的修改是合意的)。
已经发现的是,聚噁唑啉可以与多种已知的疏水性成膜聚合物材料形成相容的混合物。将聚噁唑啉包含到疏水性成膜聚合物中可以为从掺杂有聚噁唑啉的疏水性成膜聚合物形成的膜提供优于仅从疏水性成膜聚合物形成的膜的化学性质和/或机械性质的化学性质和/或机械性质。例如,从掺杂有聚噁唑啉的疏水性成膜聚合物形成的膜可以呈现出比仅从疏水性成膜聚合物形成的膜更大的亲水性、更大的可实现的断裂前伸长率、更大的断裂应力、更大的流体渗透率、和/或更大的起泡点。此外,聚噁唑啉呈现出优于多种亲水化试剂的性质,所述亲水化试剂先前在形成过滤膜中已经与疏水性聚合物组合地使用。例如,已经发现的是,聚噁唑啉具有比某些先前已知的亲水化试剂例如聚乙烯醇更好的热稳定性。已经发现聚噁唑啉呈现出比聚乙二醇更大的在PVDF中的溶解度并且可以提供比聚乙二醇更高的在PVDF共混物膜中的亲水性。聚噁唑啉可以以高浓度被包含到PVDF共混物膜中,同时提供呈现出有利的性质例如涉及流动和微结构及孔径控制的性质的膜。
在某些实施方案中,聚噁唑啉是具有以下通式的聚烷基噁唑啉:
烷基可以是甲基、乙基、丙基、或丁基、或任何其他适当的基团。在某些实施方案中,烷基是乙基,并且添加剂是聚乙基噁唑啉(PEOAz):
在多个实施方案中,n的值可以是任何期望的值,例如,从约50到约5,000,这为聚噁唑啉给出在约5,000g/mol和约500,000g/mol之间的聚合物分子量。适当的可商购的聚乙基噁唑啉是聚(2-乙基-2-噁唑啉)(Polymer Chemistry Innovations,Inc.),其以5,000g/mol、50,000g/mol、200,000g/mol、和500,000g/mol的分子量可得到。
在某些实施方案中,成膜工艺可以包括形成包含成膜溶剂、成膜聚合物、聚噁唑啉、和任选的添加剂的膜掺杂剂。在某些实施方案中,聚噁唑啉可以是聚乙基噁唑啉(PEOAz)。成膜聚合物可以是疏水性聚合物,例如:聚烯烃;PVDF;PES;PSf;PAN;乙烯-氯三氟乙烯共聚物;乙烯-氯三氟乙烯与丙烯酸正丁酯的三元共聚物;氟乙烯/氯乙烯、偏二氟乙烯/偏二氯乙烯、六氟丙烯的三元共聚物、氯三氟乙烯、以及四氟乙烯中的一种或更多种。在某些实施方案中,成膜聚合物、聚噁唑啉、和任选的添加剂被分别溶解在成膜溶剂(或更多种成膜溶剂)中并且然后合并溶解的溶液。然而,在多个实施方案中,掺杂剂可以以用于形成混合的聚合物掺杂剂的本领域已知的任何方式形成。
在多个实施方案中,任何适当的组分比率都可以利用。在某些实施方案中,聚合物共混物或多孔聚合物膜具有从约2:1重量/重量到约50:1重量/重量、从约3:1重量/重量到约28:1重量/重量、或从约3:1重量/重量到约4:1重量/重量的成膜聚合物与聚噁唑啉的比率。在这些范围之外,膜的性质比如机械性质和流动性质以及亲水性可能降低。
在某些实施方案中,提供了膜掺杂剂,所述膜掺杂剂包含以从约1重量%到约25重量%、从约10重量%到约25重量%、或从约14重量%到约20重量%的量的成膜聚合物和聚噁唑啉的聚合物共混物和以从约60重量%到约80重量%的量的成膜溶剂。膜掺杂剂还可以包含以从约1重量%到约15重量%的量的一种或更多种膜添加剂。在这些范围之外,膜的性质比如机械性质和流动性质以及亲水性可能降低。
一种或更多种膜添加剂可以包括成孔剂,例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-共-乙酸乙烯酯(PVP-VA)。一种或更多种膜添加剂可以包括水。
惊人地,在制备包含疏水性聚合物和聚噁唑啉的膜制剂期间,在掺杂剂中没有观察到相分离。例如,在包含在NMP中或其中相应的聚合物是可溶解的任何其他溶剂中的PEOAz和PVDF、或PEOAz和其他成孔剂例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-共-乙酸乙烯酯(PVP-VA)的膜制剂中没有观察到相分离。PEOAz与PVDF和PVDF与多种成孔添加剂的共混物是相容的。
多孔纤维膜可以通过扩散诱导相分离(DIPS)工艺,从包含疏水性聚合物和聚噁唑啉的膜掺杂剂制备,然而还可以使用热诱导相分离(TIPS)。
在DIPS工艺中,聚合物混合物被溶解在成膜溶剂中。然后,溶解的聚合物混合物接触与溶剂可混溶的用于聚合物混合物的非溶剂。例如,水是与NMP可混溶的适当的聚合物非溶剂。溶剂与非溶剂混合,并且在溶剂与非溶剂之间的界面处,聚合物开始分离。沉淀的聚合物形成含有均匀的孔的网络的多孔结构。
在TIPS程序中,热塑性聚合物或聚合物混合物被溶解在潜溶剂中,所述潜溶剂在升高的温度下将溶解聚合物,但在较低的温度下将不溶解聚合物。溶液被冷却,并且在取决于冷却速率的特定温度下,发生相分离,并且富聚合物相从溶剂中分离。聚合物溶液可以被浇铸成膜或中空纤维,并且然后被浸入诸如水的沉淀浴中。这导致将均匀的聚合物溶液分离成固体聚合物和液体溶剂相。再次,沉淀的聚合物形成含有均匀的孔的网络的多孔结构。
在TIPS和DIPS程序中,影响膜结构和性质的生产参数包括聚合物的浓度、沉淀介质和温度以及聚合物溶液中的溶剂和非溶剂的量。
实施例
成膜掺杂剂
为了展示添加聚噁唑啉可以如何改善从疏水性成膜聚合物形成的膜的化学性质和/或机械性质,制备大量的聚噁唑啉和疏水性成膜聚合物的共混物并且分析其性质。使用的组分的细节被示出于图1的表1中。在这些实施例中使用的溶剂是NMP,如在第2列中所示。第3列示出使用的成膜聚合物的量,所述成膜聚合物在这些实施例中是PVDF(1015PVDF)。第4列和第5列示出PEOAz的量和每种分子量的PEOAz的相对量。第6列和第7列示出使用的另外的添加剂(PVA-VA或甘油)的量(如果有的话)。这些添加剂在生产后可以余留在聚合物膜中(通常,用PVA-VA的情况)或随后被洗掉(通常,用甘油的情况)。
中空纤维膜
膜掺杂剂1至7通过常规的DIPS工艺被浇铸成多孔聚合物中空纤维。
1号纤维是仅由PVDF(连同作为添加剂的甘油)制成的对比纤维。纤维2至5含有PVDF和聚噁唑啉。纤维6是从PVDF/PVP-VA共混物制备的对比纤维,纤维7也是从PVDF/PVP-VA共混物制备,所述纤维7还包含PEOAz。
纤维的性质和性能被示出于表1的右手侧。
表1中的实施例示出在聚合物溶液中以从0.5重量%到12重量%(取决于分子量)的量使用PEOAz,但可以被添加到疏水性聚合物以形成具有合意的性质的过滤膜的聚噁唑啉的有用范围可以是从总的聚合物溶液组合物的约0.05重量%直到约18重量%。在聚合物溶液中使用的PEOAz的量可以取决于期望的膜性质(例如流动性质、机械性质、孔径、亲水性、和/或微结构)而变化,并且还取决于使用的亲水性聚合物而变化。对于不同的疏水性聚合物和具有不同分子量的疏水性聚合物,被添加到聚合物溶液中的PEOAz的合意的量可以不同。技术人员在意识到如本文公开的PEOAz的益处后,将能够调节需要的成膜组分的量以实现渗透率、机械性质和期望的膜微结构之间的适当平衡。
表1示出与仅有PVDF的纤维(实施例1)相比,PVDF-PEOAz纤维(实施例3到5)具有高度合意的流动性质和断裂伸长率。特别地,对于仅有PVDF的纤维,清洁水渗透率和断裂伸长率分别是37LMH/巴和131%,然而对于PVDF-PEOAz膜,获得高达1559MH/巴的清洁水渗透率和高达392%的断裂伸长率。这些值对于聚合物中空纤维膜是极其高的,并且比用于常规的PVDF膜的所见的这些值远远更高。
实施例6和7示出与其他聚合物成孔剂结合制备的PVDF-PEOAz共混物膜。实施例6是包含作为成孔剂的PVP-VA的PVDF膜。实施例7是包含作为成孔剂的PVP-VA并且还包含PEOAz的PVDF膜。实施例6和7示出如与仅有PVDF的膜相比,通过添加PEOAz,膜的起泡点被改善,然而以某些机械强度为代价。实施例6和7示出PEOAz不仅仅改善单种聚合物膜的性质,而且改善由两种或更多种聚合物制成的复合材料共混物膜(比如PVDF/PVP-VA膜)的性质。
经由SEM检查的横截面纤维微结构的实施例被示出于图2中。如可以看到的是,实施例5的膜呈现出优越的、比实施例1和实施例4更规则的微结构。这些SEM图像指示PEOAz可以被用于控制膜的微结构。
PVDF/PEOAz膜比PVDF膜更亲水,并且因此呈现出改善的抗结垢性。
因此,在已经描述至少一个实施方案的若干方面的情况下,应该理解的是,本领域的技术人员将容易想到多种改变、修改、和改进。这些改变、修改、和改进被意图是本公开内容的一部分,并且被意图在本公开内容的精神和范围之内。因此,前述描述和附图是仅通过实施例的方式。
Claims (27)
1.一种亲水性聚合物共混物,包括成膜聚合物和聚噁唑啉的相容的混合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的聚合物共混物,其中所述成膜聚合物是疏水性聚合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的聚合物共混物,其中所述成膜聚合物包括聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)。
4.如权利要求1到3中任一项所述的聚合物共混物,其中所述聚噁唑啉是聚乙基噁唑啉(PEOAz)。
5.如权利要求1到4中任一项所述的聚合物共混物,其中所述聚噁唑啉具有从约5,000g/mol到约500,000g/mol的分子量。
6.如权利要求1到5中任一项所述的聚合物共混物,其中所述成膜聚合物与所述聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约2:1到按重量计约50:1。
7.如权利要求1到6中任一项所述的聚合物共混物,其中所述成膜聚合物与所述聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约28:1。
8.如权利要求1到7中任一项所述的聚合物共混物,其中所述成膜聚合物与所述聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约4:1。
9.一种亲水性多孔聚合物膜,包含成膜聚合物和聚噁唑啉的相容的混合物。
10.如权利要求9所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述成膜聚合物是疏水性聚合物。
11.如权利要求10所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述成膜聚合物包括聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)。
12.如权利要求9到11中任一项所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述聚噁唑啉是聚乙基噁唑啉(PEOAz)。
13.如权利要求9到12中任一项所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述聚噁唑啉具有从约5,000g/mol到约500,000g/mol的分子量。
14.如权利要求9到13中任一项所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述成膜聚合物与所述聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约2:1到按重量计约50:1。
15.如权利要求9到14中任一项所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述成膜聚合物与所述聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约28:1。
16.如权利要求9到15中任一项所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述成膜聚合物与所述聚噁唑啉的比率是从按重量计约3:1到按重量计约4:1。
17.如权利要求9到16中任一项所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,还包含成孔剂。
18.如权利要求17所述的亲水性多孔聚合物膜,其中所述成孔剂是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-共-乙酸乙烯酯(PVP-VA)。
19.一种成膜掺杂剂,包含:
成膜溶剂;以及
溶解的聚合物共混物,其包括成膜聚合物和聚噁唑啉的相容的混合物。
20.如权利要求19所述的成膜掺杂剂,还包含成孔剂。
21.如权利要求19所述的成膜掺杂剂,还包含聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-共-乙酸乙烯酯(PVP-VA)和水中的一种。
22.如权利要求19所述的成膜掺杂剂,其中所述成膜溶剂选自由N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)和丁内酯组成的组。
23.如权利要求22所述的成膜掺杂剂,其中所述成膜溶剂是NMP。
24.如权利要求19到23中任一项所述的成膜掺杂剂,其中所述成膜溶剂以从约60重量%到约80重量%的量存在。
25.如权利要求19到24中任一项所述的成膜掺杂剂,其中所述聚合物共混物以从约1重量%到约25重量%的量存在。
26.如权利要求25所述的成膜掺杂剂,其中所述聚合物共混物以从约14重量%到约20重量%的量存在。
27.一种增加多孔聚合物膜的亲水性的方法,包括在从成膜掺杂剂形成所述多孔聚合物膜之前,将聚乙基噁唑啉包含到所述成膜掺杂剂中。
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- 2013-09-12 AU AU2013315547A patent/AU2013315547A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-09-12 KR KR1020157008982A patent/KR20150054918A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-09-12 US US14/426,179 patent/US9868834B2/en active Active
- 2013-09-12 WO PCT/US2013/059399 patent/WO2014043315A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-09-12 CN CN201380045939.3A patent/CN104684632A/zh not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-09-12 EP EP13836875.8A patent/EP2895257A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115315306A (zh) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-11-08 | Emd密理博公司 | 亲水性膜 |
CN116770456A (zh) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-09-19 | 中山大学 | 一种热塑性弹性体中空多孔纤维及其制备方法和应用 |
CN116770456B (zh) * | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-11 | 大白熊(广州)新材料科技有限公司 | 一种热塑性弹性体中空多孔纤维及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2013315547A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
US20150210816A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
US9868834B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
WO2014043315A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
KR20150054918A (ko) | 2015-05-20 |
EP2895257A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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