CN103448660B - 一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置 - Google Patents

一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置 Download PDF

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CN103448660B
CN103448660B CN201310425171.4A CN201310425171A CN103448660B CN 103448660 B CN103448660 B CN 103448660B CN 201310425171 A CN201310425171 A CN 201310425171A CN 103448660 B CN103448660 B CN 103448660B
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air bag
side air
attached
attached air
vehicle
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CN103448660A (zh
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大卫汉普森
本内迪克特格雷
王治家
朱晓光
林宝
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Shanghai Lingang Junsheng automobile safety system Co., Ltd
Yanfeng Automotive Safety Systems Co Ltd
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Yanfeng KSS Shanghai Automotive Safety Systems Co Ltd
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Priority to DE112014004246.3T priority patent/DE112014004246T5/de
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/076837 priority patent/WO2015039444A1/zh
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Abstract

本发明涉及汽车气囊技术领域，具体地说是一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，包括侧气囊，其特征在于：在侧气囊的一侧面连接展开后呈左右向横向布置的附气囊的一端面。本发明同现有技术相比，在车辆发生碰撞时，保证在侧面碰撞交通事故中对乘员头、颈部进行保护，而且还能在正面碰撞交通事故中对前、后乘员的头颈部提供保护；同时可在侧气囊与附气囊之间设有分流孔膜，保证在侧气囊的内部压力达到一定值之后，分流孔膜才会被打开，实现自适应调整开启阀值，控制附气囊充气的时刻和充气的速度，调整附气囊的刚度，可以更加有效地吸收乘员碰撞冲击能量，进一步降低对乘员的伤害。

Description

一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车气囊技术领域，具体地说是一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置。
背景技术
目前已有的机动车被动安全***零部件，主要是针对前排乘员进行保护，除了安全带外，包括在前排设置气囊、在侧面设置侧气囊，这些气囊、侧气囊一般都采用主控制单元来控制气体发生器点爆后对气囊和/或侧气囊进行充气，并已经取得明显的效果，挽救了数以千计的生命。但对于后排乘员的保护，目前绝大多数机动车采用安全带。安全带虽然能对乘员的躯干进行约束，但无法对后排乘员头、颈部进行保护。后排乘员的头、颈部往往由于过度的拉伸造成伤害。
根据2012版CNCAP公布的碰撞测试结果，即2012版新增后排乘员损伤评价体系：在总共18款测试车辆中，只有2款车在50 km/h正面100%刚性壁障和64 km/h正面40％重叠可变形壁障的碰撞试验中，后排乘员头、颈部得到满分。即使有些CNCAP 5星车，后排乘员头颈部得分为0分。
根据美国高速公路安全保险协会IIHS公布的2012年25%刚性壁障偏置碰撞试验测试结果，大部分车辆在乘员约束程度的评估中达不到优秀，其原因为头部滑出前排驾驶员气囊。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，在侧气囊上设置一横向的附气囊来对乘员头、颈部进行有效保护。
为实现上述目的，设计一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，包括侧气囊，其特征在于：在侧气囊的一侧面连接展开后呈左右向横向布置的附气囊的一端面。
位于附气囊的一端面之外的附气囊上设有充气口或者附气囊的一端面与侧气囊之间贯通形成输气孔或者附气囊的一端面与侧气囊连接处为一体式，且附气囊的一端面上设有一个分流孔膜，所述的分流孔膜的外轮廓被围于附气囊的一端面的外轮廓之内。
所述的附气囊上设有≥0个中空的通孔。
所述的附气囊位于座椅的乘员乘坐区域前方。
所述的附气囊充气展开后其外轮廓总体呈横向布置的柱体，或所述的附气囊充气展开后其外轮廓总体呈三明治状的三角体结构，或所述的附气囊充气展开后其外轮廓的水平截面总体呈楔形。
充气展开后外轮廓总体呈楔形的附气囊的展开方向与车身前后向呈45°～90°的夹角。
所述的附气囊的自由端连接一根拉带的一端，拉带的另一端固定在车身顶棚上。
侧气囊上连接至少一个附气囊。
所述的分流孔膜上缝制有若干条相互平行的撕裂用的缝线，且若干条缝线的外轮廓形成几何形状，设有缝线的分流孔膜呈层叠式或褶皱式。
本发明同现有技术相比，在车辆发生碰撞时，保证在侧面碰撞交通事故中对乘员头、颈部进行保护，而且还能在正面碰撞交通事故中对前、后乘员的头颈部提供保护；同时可在侧气囊与附气囊之间设有分流孔膜，保证在侧气囊的内部压力达到一定值之后，分流孔膜才会被打开，实现自适应调整开启阀值，控制附气囊充气的时刻和充气的速度，调整附气囊的刚度，可以更加有效地吸收乘员碰撞冲击能量，进一步降低对乘员的伤害。
附图说明
图1为原有侧气帘的充气后的工作示意图。
图2为本发明实施例中设有分流孔膜的附气囊与侧气囊充气后的工作示意图。
图3为本发明实施例中外部设有充气口的附气囊与侧气囊充气后的工作示意图。
图4为本发明实施例中设有输气孔的附气囊与侧气囊充气后的工作示意图。
图5为本发明实施例中侧气囊设置两个附气囊后的工作示意图。
图6为本发明实施例中采用拉带的附气囊在工作时的侧视示意图。
图7为本发明实施例中采用拉带的附气囊在工作时的俯视示意图。
图8为本发明实施例中采用呈三明治状的附气囊在工作时的侧视示意图。
图9为本发明实施例中采用呈三明治状的附气囊在工作时的俯视示意图。
图10为本发明实施例中采用呈楔形的附气囊在工作时的侧视示意图。
图11为本发明实施例中采用呈楔形的附气囊在工作时的俯视示意图。
图12为分别采用本发明实施例1中车辆侧气帘装置与原侧气帘装置后，正面碰撞后乘员头部加速度的曲线分析图。
图13为分别采用本发明实施例1中车辆侧气帘装置与原侧气帘装置后，正面碰撞后乘员颈部剪切力的曲线分析图。
图14为分别采用本发明实施例1中车辆侧气帘装置与原侧气帘装置后，正面碰撞后乘员颈部拉伸力的曲线分析图。
图15为分别采用本发明实施例1中车辆侧气帘装置与原侧气帘装置后，正面碰撞后颈部弯矩的曲线分析图。
具体实施方式
现结合附图对本发明作进一步地说明。
本次发明提供了一种能对乘员进行正面保护的车辆侧气帘装置，本例中简称“车辆侧气帘装置”，其气囊部分主要由侧气囊和附气囊组成，该车辆侧气帘装置可以与原有技术一样，固定在侧面车身顶棚7和车身顶棚内饰之间，侧气囊1前后的覆盖长度从机动车第一排乘员到最后一排乘员。对侧气囊1和附气囊2进行充气的气体产生装置固定在车身顶棚7和车身顶棚内饰之间。根据侧气囊2内部压力的要求，可设置一个或一个以上的气体发生器。车辆侧气帘装置的主控制单元可安装在车身中央通道靠近前排乘客处。主控制单元还包括几个布置在车身周边的传感器，用来检测侧面或者正面碰撞，确保及时点爆侧气囊和附气囊。
本发明主要是在侧气囊1的一侧面，也即在侧气囊1的用户面连接展开后呈左右向横向布置的附气囊2的一端面，侧气囊1上所连接的附气囊2设有至少一个，其中附气囊2的数量或横向长度由机动车设置的乘员数量决定。
位于附气囊2的一端面之外的附气囊2上可设有充气口31，参见图3，这样当发生碰撞时主控制单元可根据碰撞力的大小来控制只向侧气囊1充气，或是从两个气路分别向侧气囊1、附气囊2同时充气。或者附气囊2的一端面与侧气囊1之间贯通形成输气孔32，参见图4，当发生碰撞时可以向附气囊2、侧气囊1同时充气，或者附气囊2的一端面与侧气囊1连接处为一体式，且附气囊2的一端面上设有一个分流孔膜3，所述的分流孔膜3的外轮廓被围于附气囊2的一端面的外轮廓之内，参见图2，所述的分流孔膜3上缝制有若干条相互平行的撕裂用的缝线，且若干条缝线的外轮廓形成几何形状，设有缝线的分流孔膜3呈层叠式或褶皱式。这样车辆侧气帘装置的主控制单元可根据碰撞力的大小来控制气体发生器向侧气囊充气的速度及充入的气量，保证不冲破分流孔膜3使附气囊2不工作，或是冲破分流孔膜3，使侧气囊1与分流孔膜3先后充气。
所述的附气囊2上设有≥0个中空的通孔5，当设一个通孔5时，附气囊2便形成一个圈状。所述的通孔5的横截面可以采用三角形或圆形等几何形状，通孔5可由上至下纵向设置，也可从左至右水平设置，参见图8和图9。
所述的附气囊2位于座椅6的乘员乘坐区域前方。
所述的附气囊2充气展开后其外轮廓总体呈横向布置的柱体，或者所述的附气囊2充气展开后其外轮廓总体呈三明治状的三角体结构，或者所述的附气囊2充气展开后其外轮廓的水平截面总体呈楔形。
充气展开后外轮廓的水平截面总体呈楔形的附气囊2的展开方向与车身前后向呈45°～90°夹角，一般可采用45°或60°。所述的附气囊2的自由端也可连接一根拉带4的一端，拉带4的另一端固定在车身顶棚7上。
实施例1
参见图2，本例中附气囊2的一端面与侧气囊1连接处为一体式，也即共用一层布料，附气囊2的一端面上设一个分流孔膜3，当车辆发生碰撞时，车身周围的传感器会首先将碰撞力输送给车辆侧气帘装置的主控制单元，由主控制单元根据碰撞力的大小来控制气体发生器向侧气囊内充气的速度与时间，如果碰撞力小于设定的附气囊2打开的碰撞力值，那么主控制单元会控制气体发生器向侧气囊1充入一定量的气体，侧气囊1会沿车身侧面内饰向下展开，但充入的气体的压力并不会达到冲破分流孔膜3的程度。如果碰撞力到达设定的附气囊2打开的碰撞力值，那么主控制单元会控制气体发生器向侧气囊1充入足够量的气体，直至使分流孔膜上的缝线撕裂开，然后充入附气囊2中，使附气囊2沿横向展开，本例中附气囊2展开方向与侧气囊1展开方向约成90°。
这种分流膜孔3相当于形成了一个自适应排气孔，当达到开启的压力值时便会被冲破，主控制单元可根据碰撞力的大小来控制附气囊2充气的时间点、充气时间的长短和充气的速度，从而达到调整附气囊2刚度的目的，可以更加有效地吸收乘员碰撞冲击能量，进一步降低对乘员的伤害。
参见图12～图15，是采用本例中主要由侧气囊和附气囊组成的气囊后，在车辆发生正面碰撞时，对乘员头、颈部伤害的仿真示意，其中黑色实线为普通型侧气帘在正面碰撞时中头、颈部仿真伤害曲线，黑色虚线为本发明在正面碰撞时头、颈部仿真伤害曲线。从头、颈部伤害的仿真分析对比中，可以看出采用本发明装置能有效地缓冲碰撞交通事故中的冲击力，为前后排乘员的头颈部提供有效保护。
实施例2
参见图5，可根据车辆的座椅6的数量来设定侧气囊1所连接的附气囊2的数量，本例中在侧气囊1的一侧设了前后两个附气囊2，两个附气囊2充气展开后分别位于前、后排乘员的头部前侧，两个附气囊2充气展开后呈横向布置的柱体，该柱体的横截面呈椭圆形。当发生正面碰撞交通事故时，在侧气囊1充气就位之后，前、后两个附气囊2也开始充气，其展开位置位于乘员头部的前方，保护乘员头颈部，考虑到有年幼的乘客，所以附气囊2的纵向长度也适当延长。前后两个附气囊2不仅在正面碰撞事故中对乘员进行保护，在有角度的偏置碰撞事故中仍能对乘员进行保护，例如IIHS 25%刚性壁障偏置碰撞试验。
实施例3
参见图6和图7，本例在实施例2的基础上做了进一步的改进，即，为了提供足够的支撑力以避免附气囊2远离乘员，在前后两个附气囊2上分别增设一根拉带4，拉带4一端紧固在附气囊2的自由端，拉带4的另一端固定在位于相应乘员头部后侧的车身顶棚7和顶棚内饰之间。通过拉带4的长度调整优化附气囊2的约束力，降低乘员头部加速度，避免头部与座椅6和/或仪表板接触，降低颈部损伤。
实施例4
参见图8和图9，本例中附气囊2在充气展开后其外轮廓总体呈三明治状的三角体结构，同时在该附气囊2的中间沿纵向设有三角形的通孔5，当然也可设成圆孔，使附气囊2中间呈中空状，这样在为乘员头部提供足够约束力的同时，还能起到一定的缓冲作用，从而避免过大的约束力对头颈部造成二次伤害。
实施例5
参见图10和图11，本例中也设有前后两个附气囊2，该附气囊2充气展开后，其外轮廓的水平截面总体呈楔形，且附气囊2的展开方向与车身前后向约成45°～90°夹角，一般采用45°或60°夹角，使该附气囊2的自由端偏向乘员侧。这种附气囊2的展开形状可以增加车身前后向方向上对乘员的约束力，减少乘员头部向前的运动，降低颈部伤害。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，包括侧气囊，其特征在于：在侧气囊（1）的一侧面连接展开后呈左右向横向布置的附气囊（2）的一端面，侧气囊（1）内部设置有一个气体发生器，车辆发生碰撞时，碰撞力小于设定的附气囊（2）打开值时，气体发生器向侧气囊（1）充入气体，侧气囊（1）沿车身侧面内饰向下展开；碰撞力达到设定的附气囊（2）打开值时，气体发生器向侧气囊（1）充入气体后，再向附气囊（2）充入气体，附气囊（2）横向展开；
位于附气囊（2）的一端面之外的附气囊（2）上设有充气口（31）或者附气囊（2）的一端面与侧气囊（1）之间贯通形成输气孔（32）或者附气囊（2）的一端面与侧气囊（1）连接处为一体式，且附气囊（2）的一端面上设有一个分流孔膜（3），分流孔膜（3）的外轮廓被围于附气囊（2）的一端面的外轮廓之内；
分流孔膜（3）上缝制有若干条相互平行的撕裂用的缝线，且若干条缝线的外轮廓形成几何形状，设有缝线的分流孔膜（3）呈层叠式或褶皱式。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，其特征在于：所述的附气囊（2）上设有≥0个中空的通孔（5）。
3.如权利要求1～2任一项所述的一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，其特征在于：所述的附气囊（2）位于座椅（6）的乘员乘坐区域前方。
4.如权利要求1～2任一项所述的一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，其特征在于：所述的附气囊（2）充气展开后其外轮廓总体呈横向布置的柱体，或所述的附气囊（2）充气展开后其外轮廓总体呈三明治状的三角体结构，或所述的附气囊（2）充气展开后其外轮廓的水平截面总体呈楔形。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，其特征在于：充气展开后外轮廓水平截面总体呈楔形的附气囊的展开方向与车身前后向呈45°～90°的夹角。
6.如权利要求1～2任一项所述的一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，其特征在于：所述的附气囊（2）的自由端连接一根拉带（4）的一端，拉带（4）的另一端固定在车身顶棚（7）上。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种具有正面保护功能的车辆侧气帘装置，其特征在于：侧气囊上连接至少一个附气囊（2）。
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DE112014004246T5 (de) 2016-06-09
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WO2015039444A1 (zh) 2015-03-26
US20160229370A1 (en) 2016-08-11

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