CN103141283A - Suspension planting method for aquatic plants - Google Patents
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- CN103141283A CN103141283A CN2013101000998A CN201310100099A CN103141283A CN 103141283 A CN103141283 A CN 103141283A CN 2013101000998 A CN2013101000998 A CN 2013101000998A CN 201310100099 A CN201310100099 A CN 201310100099A CN 103141283 A CN103141283 A CN 103141283A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a suspension planting method for aquatic plants, which comprises the following steps: (1) manufacturing a suspension planting device for the aquatic plants; (2) adjusting an initial water level of the suspension planting device for the aquatic plants; (3) planting the aquatic plants; and (4) adjusting the height of the water level of the suspension planting device for the aquatic plants at each growing stage of the aquatic plants. The method provided by the invention is simple; the operation is convenient and simple; the cost is low; the initial water level of the planting device can be reasonably controlled and different aquatic plants can be planted; and during a planting process, the height of the water level of the planting device is adjusted to the growth water level normally required by a specific growth stage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the resource-environment projects technical field, relate to the suspension implantation methods of a kind of water plants.
Background technology
Along with the development in city and to the demand of productive life, the construction in city river, lake not only will be brought into play the effect of river construction, and will satisfy many-sided requirements such as garden landscape, ecological, environmental protective.Under this background, water plants, is widely used in city river, lake and water feature design to the strong absorption of nutrient rich in water and harmful substance and in sight of the water surface etc. with its cauline leaf.
Government and relevant departments have also spent great strength to do a lot of work to the restoration of the ecosystem of water body in recent years, but produce little effect.Trace it to its cause, mainly contain following some: (1) has dug deeply the riverbed in the regulation in river course, stone dam has been built by laying on the riverbank, and the depth of water is far longer than the growing environment requirement of some water plants, for example floatingleaved plant water lily, emergent aquactic plant lotus, reed etc.; (2) water quality condition of water body neither be very good.Transparency and the depth of water of water body are disproportionate, make submerged plant such as hornwort, watermifoil, black algae etc. not to survive; (3) the water system situation makes some pool, river at present, in draining flood discharge well in flood season, makes in rainy season, and water level higher than the draft limit of some water plants, causes death for a long time.
Present water plant planting usually adopts a kind ofly to be built the chinampa at the water surface and comes planting aquatic plants, but the method can only be planted floating plant usually, and can not plant emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant and submerged plant.
A kind of implantation methods of aquatic floating plant is disclosed in Chinese patent specification CN1800054A, the method is that aquatic floating plant is planted in a kind of water plants limiting growth device, it directly is placed in processed water body, treats that the 60%-80% that rate of vegetation reaches the limiting growth device namely gathers in the crops.In the method, the cursory of aquatic floating plant limiting growth device can only provide buoyancy, and it is swum on the water surface, and can not reasonable water level control, can not satisfy different water plants or water plants different growing stage to the requirement of water level.
In invention disclosed patent application on November 15 CN1860853A in 2006, disclosed a kind of method for planting floating-leaf type plants in lake, by a kind of can be with water level fluctuation the easy device of free lifting, the combination of plantation vegetation.In the method, the free lifting device is comprised of spud pile, bamboo cane ring, static line, need to be in the plantation water body fixing spud pile, operation easier is large.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of energy reasonable water level control, and easy and simple to handle, is applicable to the suspension implantation methods of the water plants of different water plants and water plants different growing stage.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, aquatic plant suspension implantation methods provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
(2) regulate the aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket is placed in plants the waters, put into medium in its bottom, regulate medium weight and buoyant device, make the initial water level of aquatic plant levitating planting device reach the water plant planting depth of water;
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the plantation of aquatic plants growth characteristic, guarantee that its rhizome is in the required planting depth growth of water plants;
(4) keep each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device height of water level of water plants: SEA LEVEL VARIATION of living according to main buoy, regulate a kind of of medium weight, auxiliary float number or two kinds of combination adjustings, make planting unit return to original water level.Regulate each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device height of water level of water plants: according to aquatic plants growth situation and buoyant device water level of living in, regulate the length of connector, make the aquatic plant levitating planting device water level satisfy each vegetative stage of water plants required.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, Plant basket is an open-top receptacle, and upper and lower side is equipped with clasp, and its side and bottom surface all are wire-grid structure, and width of mesh is less than 0.25cm
2, to guarantee that medium does not leak outside.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (1), make Plant basket according to the water plants kind of planting: plant aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant, because of the sturdy prosperity of its subterranean stem, and fast growth, Plant basket is made into uncovered cylinder or Elliptic Cylinder shape, is beneficial to its subterranean stem along the coiling of frame wall, is conducive to the growth of plant; Plant aquatic submerged plant, because it does not have sturdy subterranean stem, Plant basket is made into uncovered cuboid or square shape, in order to Plant basket is made up closely.
The height of Plant basket decides take the medium thickness that water plants needs: plant the height of aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant as 30-50cm, the height of planting planting submerged plant is 10-15cm.The size of Plant basket, too.Too greatly fill after mud too heavyly, be inconvenient to move, too littlely be unfavorable for plant growth and integrate trouble.The aquatic floatingleaved plant of general plantation and aquatic emergent aquactic plant, selecting radius or major radius is the circle of 30-50cm, oval Plant basket, is 0.2-0.3m and plant planting submerged plant employing floor space
2Square or rectangular Plant basket.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, buoyant device is comprised of main buoy, auxiliary float, the main buoy below is connected with the connector of adjustable in length by connecting ring, connector is connected with Plant basket by the clasp on Plant basket, and auxiliary float is connected with Plant basket by the snap close on it.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (2), its medium is mud or clay.Regulating aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level process is: main buoy and the auxiliary float number of regulating in buoyant device according to the weight of medium make aquatic plant levitating planting device can reach the buoyant weight balance in water after installing medium, and make the initial water level of suspension planting device reach the water plant planting depth of water by the length of regulating connector, satisfy its normal growth to the requirement of water level.Wherein, the plantation depth of water of aquatic floatingleaved plant is 30-90cm, crosses the dark or excessively shallow depth of water, all can not normal growth, and cause and can not survive.The plantation depth of water of aquatic emergent aquactic plant is 20-40cm, and excessively dark water level can cause to bloom and reduces or do not bloom, and is even dead.The plantation depth of water of aquatic submerged plant is the degree of depth in whole plant immersion water, in case the high temperature sun burns plant in summer, and will be to satisfy the photosynthesis of plant in the transparency scope of water body.
In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (3), the degree of depth of the rhizome of aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant in medium is 5-15cm, the degree of depth 3-8cm of the coring of aquatic submerged plant in medium.
Some water plants rhizomes have buoyancy, when along with plant strain growth, its subterranean stem is also in growth very soon, at this moment, it can additionally produce buoyancy, breaks original balance, makes the Plant basket floating, at this moment the state of even can not being kept upright in water just needs to regulate the buoyant weight ratio of each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device of water plants.In above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, described step (4), regulating each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device buoyant weight of water plants than process is: regulate a kind of of medium weight, auxiliary float number or two kinds of combination adjustings, make suspension planting device return to the depth of water of original setting.Can surface along with the growth plant of plant its top of can growing tall for submerged plant, at this moment just need to transfer the connector length of long planting unit that whole plant is come back to below the water surface.
According to above-mentioned aquatic plant suspension implantation methods, aquatic plant levitating planting device can be connected or combination the plantation of formation scale.Aquatic plant levitating planting device connect or combination between the Plant basket gap be: aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant Plant basket be spaced apart 30-100cm, the Plant basket of aquatic submerged plant need not the interval.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1. method is simple, and is easy and simple to handle, with low cost;
2. the initial water level of aquatic plant levitating planting device can be rationally controlled, different water plants can be planted;
3. in planting process, the height of water level of the living plant suspension planting device of adjustable water reaches the required water level of its normal growth of particular growth stage, and water plants is better grown.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of aquatic plant levitating planting device of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
The test background introduction: test site is the small-sized pond that the one fringe area agriculture of Gongshu District, Hangzhou occupies point, this pond is that agriculture occupies the small-sized pond in point, and earlier year is through regulation, i.e. desilting, refute bank, area is about about 3,000 square meters, communicate with other water systems without delivery port, rainwater and sanitary sewage that agriculture occupies point converge wherein, flood season and drought period the SEA LEVEL VARIATION drop large, when persistent heavy rainfall 100mm, the pond water level rises up to 80cm, and the usual central depth of water reaches the 3.5m left and right, about the 2m of bank.Stone dam exceeds water surface 1.2m left and right usually, and water quality is not good, greening, and transparency is less than 5cm.Because the pool surrounding enviroment are transformed into a vest-pocket park at earlier year also process.For this reason local villager think the concrete condition in pond and surrounding enviroment incompatible, require to improve, therefore consider some water plants of pond water surface planting.
The suspension implantation methods of aquatic floatingleaved plant water lily
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
Plant basket Production Time be in by the end of February, 2011.Plant basket 1 is uncovered cylinder plastic containers, and upper and lower side is equipped with clasp 2, and its bottom surface diameter is 60cm, and height is 40cm, and its side and bottom surface all are wire-grid structure, and width of mesh is less than 0.25cm
2Buoyant device is comprised of main buoy 3, auxiliary float 4, main buoy 3 is the cylinder of 1.25L for volume, which is provided with scale, the below is connected with the connector 6 of adjustable in length by connecting ring 5, connector is connected with Plant basket 1 by the clasp 2 on Plant basket, auxiliary float 4 is also that volume is the cylinder of 1.25L, is connected with Plant basket 1 side by the snap close 7 on it.
(2) regulate the aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket 1 is placed in plants the waters, put into medium in its bottom, regulate medium weight and buoyant device and connector length, make the initial water level of aquatic plant levitating planting device reach the plantation depth of water of water lily;
The described medium of said method is mud.Because the plantation water lily will guarantee root growth in the mud of the 10-15cm degree of depth, through calculating, the mud of putting into about thickness and be 30cm in Plant basket need to have the buoyant support of 25kg left and right just can reach balance.Therefore after Plant basket 1 being placed in the plantation waters, erectting in the side of Plant basket 1 and arrange 20 auxiliary floats 4, the upper end connects 4 main buoies 3 by connector 6 in symmetric position, makes it to keep balance on the water surface; Because the suitable growth depth of water of water lily is 30-90cm, the connector initial length is made as 50cm.
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the growth characteristics plantation of water lily, guarantee that its rhizome is in the required planting depth growth of water lily;
For making the water lily rhizome reach requirement and the convenient plantation of its planting depth, add in the process of mud in step (2), when silt depth during at 10cm-15cm, put into water lily kind stem in Plant basket 1, then continuing to put into mud in the above makes device frame 1 continue to sink, when half submerged of main buoy 3, stop adding mud.
A plurality of Plant basket group combinations that to make again, the plantation of formation scale.With the PVC plastic tube of diameter 5cm with Plant basket 1 by interval 1m, 3 of 3 *, the side row of totally 9 Plant baskets is on the trunk of each side row with rope tractive system and bank.This process concluding time be in by the end of March, 2011.
Appear on the water surface through the existing leaf of two weeks water lily, by in by the end of April, 2011, water lily is left first flower, plants in by the end of May, 2011 the side row of water lily by, is wholely covered by lily pad, and average every square metre has 4-5 flower, well-grown.Pass through during this time arid and flood season, fluctuation in stage is obvious, and maximum is risen and fallen over 60cm, and the water lily of plantation is not subject to a bit impact, and growth is normal.Plant basket is in the water level depth of original setting all the time, and in November, 2011, leaf begins to dry up, and all the other are normal, and the transparency of water obviously increases, and reaches 25cm, and in mid-March, 2012, the existing small part leaf of water lily surfaces.Through one vegetative period water lily subterranean stem grow up to some extent and increased buoyancy, the residing height of water level of main buoy 3 descends to some extent than original scale, by increasing mud weight, makes it return to the origin-location.
The implantation methods of aquatic emergent aquactic plant lotus
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
The implantation time of lotus is identical with the implantation time of water lily.Plant basket Production Time be in by the end of February, 2011.Plant basket 1 is uncovered cylinder plastic containers, and upper and lower side is equipped with clasp 2, and its bottom surface diameter is 60cm, and height is 40cm, and its side and bottom surface all are wire-grid structure, and width of mesh is less than 0.25cm
2Buoyant device is comprised of main buoy 3, auxiliary float 4, main buoy 3 is the cylinder of 1.25L for volume, which is provided with scale, the below is connected with the connector 6 of adjustable in length by connecting ring 5, connector is connected with Plant basket 1 by the clasp 2 on Plant basket, auxiliary float 4 is also that volume is the cylinder of 1.25L, is connected with Plant basket 1 side by the snap close 7 on it.
(2) regulate the aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket 1 is placed in plants the waters, put into medium in its bottom, regulate medium weight, buoyant device and connector length, make the initial water level of aquatic plant levitating planting device reach the plantation depth of water of lotus;
The described medium of said method is mud.Because the plantation lotus will guarantee root growth in the mud of the 20-30cm degree of depth, through calculating, the mud of putting into about thickness and be 30cm in Plant basket need to have the buoyant support of 25kg left and right just can reach balance.Therefore after Plant basket 1 being placed in the plantation waters, erectting in the side of Plant basket 1 and arrange 20 auxiliary floats 4, the upper end connects 4 main buoies 3 by connector 6 in symmetric position, makes it to keep balance in water; Because the suitable growth depth of water of lotus is 20-40cm, the connector initial length is made as 5cm.
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the growth characteristics plantation of lotus, guarantee that its rhizome is in the required planting depth growth of lotus;
For making the lotus rhizome reach requirement and the convenient plantation of its planting depth, add in the process of mud in step (2), when silt depth during at 10cm-15cm, put into lotus kind lotus root in Plant basket 1, then continuing to put into mud in the above makes device frame 1 continue to sink, when half submerged of main buoy 3, stop adding mud.
A plurality of Plant basket group combinations that to make again, the plantation of formation scale.With the PVC plastic tube of diameter 5cm with Plant basket 1 by interval 30cm, 5 of 5 *, the side row of totally 25 Plant baskets is on the trunk of each side row with rope tractive system and bank.This process concluding time be in by the end of March, 2011.
To by the end of June, lotus begins to bloom, and vertical leaf is in great numbers, the lotus similar (being same kind " the red lotus of Jiande ") of growing way and West Lake plantation.Pass through during this time arid and flood season, fluctuation in stage is obvious, and maximum is risen and fallen over 60cm, and the lotus of plantation is not subject to a bit impact, and growth is normal.Plant basket is in the water level depth of original setting all the time.
Embodiment 3
The implantation methods of aquatic submerged plant hornwort
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
Plant basket Production Time is in March, 2012.Plant basket 1 is uncovered cuboid plastic containers, and upper and lower side is equipped with clasp 2, its long 50cm, and wide 40cm, high 8cm, its side and bottom surface all are wire-grid structure, and width of mesh is less than 0.25cm
2Buoyant device is comprised of main buoy 3, auxiliary float 4, main buoy 3 is the cylinder of 1.25L for volume, which is provided with scale, the below is connected with the connector 6 of adjustable in length by connecting ring 5, connector is connected with Plant basket 1 by the clasp 2 on Plant basket, and auxiliary float 4 is long 50cm, wide 40cm, the cystosepiment that 3cm is thick is connected with Plant basket 1 bottom surface by the snap close 7 on it.
(2) regulate the aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket 1 is placed in plants the waters, put into medium in its bottom, regulate the length of medium weight, buoyant device and connector, make the initial water level of aquatic plant levitating planting device reach the plantation depth of water of hornwort;
The described medium of said method is clay.Because the plantation hornwort will guarantee root growth in the mud of the 5-10cm degree of depth, through calculating, the clay of putting into about thickness and be 6cm in Plant basket need to have the buoyant support of 5kg left and right just can reach balance.Therefore after Plant basket 1 being placed in the plantation waters, connecting 4 main buoies 3 by connector 6 at place, four angles in Plant basket 1 upper end and get final product, and make it to keep balance in water; Because the suitable growth depth of water of hornwort is the degree of depth that makes in whole plant immersion water, connector length initially is made as 5cm.
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the growth characteristics plantation of hornwort, guarantee that its coring is in the required planting depth growth of hornwort;
For making the hornwort coring reach its planting depth, add in the process of clay in step (2), when main buoy 3 has half submerged, stop adding clay, press the interval plantation hornwort of 10cm*10cm, the root of hornwort is inserted the clay 3cm degree of depth get final product.
A plurality of Plant basket group combinations that to make again, the plantation of formation scale.Plant basket 1 is bundled into the rectangle of 2 meters of 1 meter *, and on the trunk with rope tractive system and bank.This process concluding time be in by the end of March, 2012.
(4) regulate each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device height of water level of hornwort: according to hornwort growing state and buoyant device water level of living in, regulate the length of connector, make the aquatic plant levitating planting device water level satisfy each vegetative stage of hornwort required.
Spent 30 days, by in by the end of April, 2012, the density of hornwort increases greatly, substantially can't see the clay of bottom.Spent again 50 days, hornwort density greatly has again increase, and has begun to topple over to the side, and the water surface has been arrived at the top.At this moment, the connector 6 between main buoy 3 and Plant basket 1 of lengthening makes its length increase to 15cm by original 5cm, so hornwort recovers again the erectility in water, and top and the water surface have the distance of 5cm left and right, afterwards again through 2 increase connector length.Also repeatedly through the variation of rising and falling of water level, the hornwort growth is normal during this time.To in December, 2012, connector length is 35cm, and the hornwort plant height is at 40cm left and right, well-grown.
Claims (10)
1. the suspension implantation methods of a water plants, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) aquatic plant levitating planting device is made: make Plant basket, and buoyant device is set on it;
(2) regulate the aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level: Plant basket is placed in plants the waters, put into medium in its bottom, regulate medium weight and buoyant device, make the initial water level of aquatic plant levitating planting device reach the water plant planting depth of water;
(3) planting aquatic plants: according to the plantation of aquatic plants growth characteristic, guarantee that its rhizome is in the required planting depth growth of water plants;
(4) keep each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device height of water level of water plants: SEA LEVEL VARIATION of living according to main buoy, regulate a kind of of medium weight, auxiliary float number or two kinds of combination adjustings, make planting unit return to original water level.Regulate each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device height of water level of water plants: required water level corresponding to buoyant device aquatic plants growth situation needs, regulate the length of connector, make the aquatic plant levitating planting device water level satisfy each vegetative stage of water plants required.
2. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), its medium is mud or clay.
3. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), the water plant planting depth of water is: aquatic floatingleaved plant 30-90cm, aquatic emergent aquactic plant 20-40cm is in the whole plant immersion water of aquatic submerged plant.
4. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the buoyant device in aquatic plant levitating planting device is comprised of main buoy, auxiliary float, is connected with the connector of adjustable in length under main buoy.
5. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: its adjusting aquatic plant levitating planting device initial water level process is: make aquatic plant levitating planting device reach balance on the water surface by main buoy and the auxiliary float number of regulating in buoyant device, and make the initial water level of suspension planting device reach the water plant planting depth of water by regulating medium weight.
6. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), the degree of depth of the rhizome of aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant in medium is 10-30cm, the degree of depth 5-10cm of the coring of aquatic submerged plant in medium.
7. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the method for regulating each vegetative stage aquatic plant levitating planting device water level process of water plants is: the one or more combination of regulating medium weight, auxiliary float number, connector length is regulated, make the water level of suspension planting device rise or descend, satisfy the rhizome water level needs of each vegetative stage of water plants.The method that keeps the suspension planting device water level is to regulate a kind of of medium weight, auxiliary float number or two kinds of combination adjustings.
8. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), make Plant basket according to the water plants kind of planting: aquatic floatingleaved plant and the aquatic emergent aquactic plant of the prosperity of plantation subterranean stem, Plant basket is made into uncovered cylinder or Elliptic Cylinder shape; The underdeveloped aquatic submerged plant of plantation subterranean stem, Plant basket is made into uncovered cuboid or square shape.
9. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: aquatic plant levitating planting device is connected or combination the plantation of formation scale.
10. aquatic plant suspension implantation methods according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: aquatic plant levitating planting device connect or combination between the Plant basket gap be: aquatic floatingleaved plant and aquatic emergent aquactic plant Plant basket be spaced apart 30-100cm, the Plant basket of aquatic submerged plant need not the interval.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103936169A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-23 | 湖北师范学院 | Submerged plant planting device |
| CN105800792A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-07-27 | 惠州市环境科学研究所 | Water body restoration method |
| CN106576818A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 梁华 | Lotus root planting method |
| CN107801668A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-16 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | A kind of blue crab cultivation cage that can adjust depth |
| CN108370867A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-08-07 | 张家港市永联水产科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high water table pond water plant |
| CN113185001A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-07-30 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Agricultural microbial filter bed |
| CN113875572A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-04 | 夏祥军 | Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants |
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| CN103936169B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-04-08 | 湖北师范学院 | Submerged plant planting device |
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| CN105800792B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2018-08-31 | 惠州市环境科学研究所 | Water remediation method |
| CN108370867A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-08-07 | 张家港市永联水产科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high water table pond water plant |
| CN106576818A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 梁华 | Lotus root planting method |
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| CN113185001A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-07-30 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Agricultural microbial filter bed |
| CN113875572A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-04 | 夏祥军 | Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants |
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