CN113875572A - Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants - Google Patents
Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113875572A CN113875572A CN202111290992.2A CN202111290992A CN113875572A CN 113875572 A CN113875572 A CN 113875572A CN 202111290992 A CN202111290992 A CN 202111290992A CN 113875572 A CN113875572 A CN 113875572A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aquatic
- nutrient solution
- tuber
- suspension
- plants
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 137
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003283 Pachira macrocarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001085 Trapa natans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014364 Trapa natans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009165 saligot Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
A soilless planting system and a soilless planting method for aquatic tuber plants belong to the field of soilless planting of aquatic tuber plants, and the soilless planting system for aquatic tuber plants comprises: the system comprises a liquid temperature heat preservation and temperature increase system, a suspension system, a temperature maintenance system, a root photosynthesis evasion system and an anti-floating system, and comprises the liquid temperature heat preservation and temperature increase system and a greenhouse when the off-season planting is carried out; the planting method is that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are always suspended in the nutrient solution of the nutrient solution storage container by the suspension system through self gravity or artificially increased gravity without adopting a fixed mode for growing, the temperature of the nutrient solution and the temperature in a greenhouse always meet the temperature for growth and development of the aquatic tuber plants by adopting the temperature increase and the heat preservation of the liquid temperature heat preservation and temperature rise system, the photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants is avoided by adopting the root system photosynthesis avoidance system, and the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are prevented from growing out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution by adopting the anti-floating system.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, mainly relates to soilless planting of aquatic tuber plants, and simultaneously relates to out-of-season planting of the aquatic tuber plants.
Background art:
at present, in the field of agricultural planting, the method of soilless planting such as hydroponics and the like is mainly used for terrestrial plants, and the soilless planting method of using a nutrient medium as nutrient supply is also used for terrestrial plant planting, but in the field of aquatic tuber plants, the hydroponics planting mode is still in an exploration stage, because the root system of the aquatic tuber plants is limited by the temperature and the illumination of nutrient solution, the aquatic tuber plants are limited by the buoyancy or the sinking and growing into soil of the nutrient solution and the like in the hydroponics process, the soilless planting of the aquatic tuber plants cannot be successful under the traditional planting mode, particularly, when the aquatic tuber plants are planted under the condition of soilless out-of-season, the stem and leaf are also limited by the external temperature, so that the soilless planting of the aquatic tuber plants is more difficult to succeed in the out-of-season planting, the application discloses a soilless planting system and a method thereof on the basis of a novel three-dimensional out-of-season soaking cultivation method for tuber aquatic plants, the suspension planting system and the suspension planting method are adopted, the suspension system does not need to adopt a fixed mode to suspend the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants in the nutrient solution of the nutrient solution storage container to grow through the self gravity or artificially increased gravity, so that the aquatic tuber plants are lower in cost and more convenient to operate when soilless anti-season is carried out, auxiliary materials are easier to recover and store, the labor intensity of planting personnel is further reduced, the picking efficiency is improved, and the following problems are solved: 1. solves the problem that the aquatic tuber plants can not meet the growth requirement of the aquatic tuber plants due to the low temperature of the nutrient solution under the soilless condition. 2. Solves the problem of soilless planting of aquatic tuber plants. 3. Solves the problems that tubers of root-system aquatic tuber plants float upwards to cause the tubers to be burnt at high temperature and rotten and tubers of corm aquatic tuber plants sink to dig into soil and are not easy to pick. 4. Solves the problem of the suspension planting of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants. 5. Solves the problems that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants turn green, turn off flavor and are difficult to cook after being subjected to photosynthesis. 6. The problems that the aquatic tuber plants are randomly planted without soil, the aquatic tuber plants planted without soil are simpler and more convenient, the cost is lower, the labor intensity is lower, and the planting and picking efficiency is higher are solved.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to further reduce the labor intensity of planting personnel and improve the planting and picking efficiency, the invention adopts the suspension planting of the species of the aquatic tuber plants, so that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are always in a suspended growth state in the growth process, the heat preservation layers are arranged at the periphery and the bottom of the nutrient solution storage container through artificial heating and heat preservation modes, the temperature of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage container and the temperature in the greenhouse are kept by combining the greenhouse, and a thermal pipeline is arranged in the nutrient solution storage container and is connected with the heating equipment outside the nutrient solution storage container to heat the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage container, so that the temperature of the nutrient solution and the greenhouse always meets the temperature for normal growth and development of the aquatic tuber plants under the conditions of low-temperature season and out-of-season planting, thereby realizing the soilless and out-of-season planting of the aquatic tuber plants. The method is characterized in that the aquatic tuber plant species are always in a suspension state in a nutrient solution by placing a suspension grid substrate on the aquatic tuber plant species, the stem leaves of the aquatic tuber plant grow out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution through meshes of the suspension grid substrate to receive illumination and absorb nutrients in the air, when the aquatic tuber plant such as lotus root is planted, the meshes of the suspension grid substrate are preferably larger than the stems of the aquatic tuber plant such as rhizome and larger than the diameter 1/3 of the mature rhizome of the aquatic tuber plant such as rhizome, and the effect of avoiding the meshes of the suspension grid substrate from being embedded into the tuber of the aquatic tuber plant is realized, so that the attractiveness of the tuber of the aquatic tuber plant is damaged; when the water chestnuts and other bulb-type aquatic tuber plants are planted, the meshes of the suspension grid substrate are larger than the stems of the bulb-type aquatic tuber plants and smaller than the diameters of the bulbs of the bulb-type aquatic tuber plant species, the effect is that the bulbs of the bulb-type aquatic tuber plants are pocketed by the small-mesh suspension grid substrate, the bulbs of the bulb-type aquatic tuber plants are lifted to the position where the roots of the bulb-type aquatic tuber plants cannot contact soil, and the bulbs of the bulb-type aquatic tuber plants are enabled to realize artificial suspension. The suspended grating base material adopts any one of solid or hollow plastic net and metal net which are not easy to corrode, when the hollow plastic net and metal net are adopted, the hollow plastic net and metal net can be sunk by injecting base materials such as mud, sand, fine stone, metal powder and the like or a mixture thereof into the hollow plastic net and metal net, or boxes can be arranged on any one of the base materials of the hollow plastic net and the metal net according to a certain interval, the hollow plastic net and the metal net are suspended by containing heavy objects in the boxes, and the heavy objects in the boxes are sand, stone, soil, metal or a mixture thereof. In order to avoid tubers of the aquatic tuber plants from growing out of the surface of the nutrient solution, an anti-floating system is arranged on the surface of the nutrient solution and is simultaneously used for avoiding photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants, so that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are not discolored, not tasted and not difficult to cook; meanwhile, the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are prevented from being burnt by high temperature and rotten after growing out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution; the anti-floating system is made of floatable straw, waste cotton yarn, perforated extruded sheet, perforated benzene board and other substrates, and can also be made by covering thin layers of nutrient soil on the substrates. In order to thoroughly avoid photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tubers, the penetrable and lightproof base materials are arranged at the position of 20cm above the liquid level of the nutrient solution, and the penetrable and lightproof base materials are arranged at the position of 20cm above the liquid level of the nutrient solution, so that the tubers of the aquatic tubers cannot grow the penetrable and lightproof base materials if growing out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution, the tubers of the aquatic tubers are prevented from being discolored, odorized and difficultly cooked all the time by illumination, and the tubers of the aquatic tubers are prevented from being burnt by high temperature and rotten after growing out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution. In order to ensure that the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage container reaches the temperature meeting the growth and development of the aquatic tuber plants at low temperature and off-season, thermal pipelines are arranged in the nutrient solution storage container at certain intervals and are simultaneously connected with a heating device outside the nutrient solution storage container, and the temperature of the nutrient solution at the low temperature and off-season is increased by a heating method, so that the temperature of the nutrient solution meets the growth and development temperature conditions of the aquatic tuber plants at the low temperature and off-season. In order to keep the temperature of growth and development of the aquatic tuber plants at low temperature and off-season time of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage container, heat-insulating layers are arranged at the bottom and the periphery of the nutrient solution storage container and are paved by any one or combination of heat-insulating base materials of extruded sheets, benzene sheets, plant fibers, waste cotton yarns and waste sponges; during soilless planting in low temperature season and out-of-season, the temperature of the nutrient solution and the stem and leaf of the aquatic tuber plant in the closed nutrient solution storage container and the greenhouse is kept at the temperature required by the development and growth of the stem, leaf, root and tuber of the aquatic tuber plant, namely 16-30 ℃ in the daytime and 5-15 ℃ in the evening. The invention has the beneficial effects that: solves the problem that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants can be pressed into the nutrient solution only by fixing the mesh in the novel tuber aquatic plant soilless three-dimensional anti-season dip irrigation cultivation method, and the mode not only causes the waste of the fixed objects, but also wastes a large amount of human resources, more importantly: as the buoyancy of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants is continuously increased in the growth and development processes, the fixed objects and the nets easily lose the original functions, so that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants float out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution, and the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are burnt at high temperature to cause rot; the invention does not need to realize the suspension planting of the tubers of the aquatic tubers by fixing the suspension grid substrate, but presses the tubers of the aquatic tubers by increasing the dead weight of the suspension grid substrate to enable the tubers of the aquatic tubers to be in a suspension growth state to realize the suspension planting, and the planting method enables the tubers of the aquatic tubers to realize the randomness when the tubers are planted without soil, greatly reduces the labor intensity and the input cost when the tubers of the aquatic tubers are planted, simultaneously facilitates the tuber picking of the aquatic tubers, and greatly improves the picking effect.
Description of the drawings:
an aquatic tuber plant soilless cultivation system and an aquatic tuber plant soilless cultivation system in a cultivation method thereof comprise the following components (figure 1):
1 nutrient solution storage container 2 heat preservation layer 3 thermal pipeline 4 heating equipment 5 nutrient solution 6 suspension grid substrate 7 drain hole 8 thread access 9 filling substrate 10 horizontal moving prevention pile (also support pile) 11 box 12 heavy weight 13 heat preservation substrate 14 weight 15 penetrable and light protection substrate 16 floatable net substrate 17 light loose substrate 18 nutrient soil 19 greenhouse 20 nutrient solution level
The utility model provides an effect and the problem of solving of each component in aquatic tuberous plant soilless culture system (attached figure 1) among aquatic tuberous plant soilless culture system and planting method thereof:
1 nutrient solution storage container
The function is as follows: storing the nutrition required by the soilless planting of the aquatic tuber plants. The problem to be solved is as follows: solves the problem of nutrient storage when the aquatic tuber plants are planted without soil.
2 insulating layer
The function is as follows: the temperature of the nutrient solution is kept at low temperature and during the soilless cultivation of the aquatic tuber plants out of season. The problem to be solved is as follows: solves the problem of maintaining the temperature of the nutrient solution during low-temperature time and out-of-season soilless cultivation of aquatic tuber plants.
3 heat distribution pipeline
The function is as follows: the nutrient solution is used for conveying heat source when the aquatic tuber plants are planted in a soilless mode at low temperature and out of season. The problem to be solved is as follows: solves the problem of uniformly conveying heat source for nutrient solution when the aquatic tuber plants are planted in soilless mode at low temperature and out of season.
4 temperature increasing equipment
The function is as follows: the method provides heat sources for nutrient solution and in a greenhouse when the aquatic tuber plants are planted in a soilless mode at low temperature and out of season. The problem to be solved is as follows: the method solves the problems of providing heat sources for nutrient solution and in a greenhouse and realizing temperature increase during low-temperature time and out-of-season soilless cultivation of aquatic tuber plants.
5 nutrient solution
The function is as follows: provides nutrition for the aquatic tuber plants under the condition of soilless planting. The problem to be solved is as follows: solves the problem of nutrition supply of the aquatic tuber plants under the condition of soilless planting.
6 suspension grid substrate
The function is as follows: the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants under the soilless planting condition are pressed into the nutrient solution by the weight of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants, so that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are in a suspended growth state, the photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants is avoided, and the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are prevented from being burnt at high temperature and rotten. The problem to be solved is as follows: solves the problem of tuber suspension of the aquatic tuber plant under the soilless planting condition, simultaneously solves the problems of no discoloration, no odor and no difficulty in boiling of the tuber of the aquatic tuber plant, and also solves the problem that the tuber of the aquatic tuber plant is not burnt and rotted by high temperature.
7 drain hole
The function is as follows: and (4) draining the filling substrate in the hollow suspension grid substrate. The problem to be solved is as follows: assisting the hollow suspension grid base material to solve the suspension problem of the suspension grid base material.
8 thread inlet
The function is as follows: the filling substrate is used for filling the filling substrate in the hollow suspension grid substrate. The problem to be solved is as follows: assisting the hollow suspension grid base material to solve the suspension problem of the suspension grid base material.
9 filling base material
The function is as follows: the filling of the hollow suspension grid base material increases the self weight. The problem to be solved is as follows: the dead weight of the hollow suspension grid base material is adjusted, and the problem of suspension of the hollow suspension grid base material is solved.
10 pile for preventing horizontal movement (pile supporting)
The function is as follows: for preventing horizontal movement of the floating grid substrate and supporting the light-impervious substrate. The problem to be solved is as follows: the problem of horizontal movement of the suspension grid substrate is solved, and the influence of disturbance of tubers and stems and leaves of the aquatic tuber plants on the growth and development of the aquatic tuber plants due to the horizontal movement of the suspension grid substrate is avoided; and simultaneously solves the supporting problem of preventing light from penetrating through the base material. Realizes the multi-purpose of the first time and reduces the material cost.
11 case body
The function is as follows: for carrying heavy objects. The problem to be solved is as follows: the problem that heavy objects are concentrated and contained and are not lost is solved.
12 heavy object
The function is as follows: the method is used for weighting the hollow suspension grid substrate, so that the hollow suspension grid substrate is suspended after being covered with tubers of aquatic tuber plants. The problem to be solved is as follows: the problem of hollow suspension grid substrate suspension is solved.
13 Heat-insulating base material
The function is as follows: the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are kept at temperature in a low-temperature nutrient solution. The problem to be solved is as follows: solves the problem of heat preservation of tubers of aquatic tuber plants in low-temperature nutrient solution.
14 species
The object of planting.
15-penetrable and lightproof substrate
The function is as follows: the stem and leaf of the aquatic tuber plant can pass through the stem and leaf of the aquatic tuber plant, and the photosynthesis of the stem and leaf of the aquatic tuber plant is avoided, so that the stem and leaf of the aquatic tuber plant are prevented from turning green, changing flavor and being difficult to cook. The problem to be solved is as follows: solves the problems that the stem leaves can penetrate through the light-proof base material and avoid the photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants, and the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are green, odorous and difficult to cook.
16 floatable net base material
The function is as follows: used for bearing the light loose base material. The problem to be solved is as follows: the problem that the light loose base material sinks and runs off is solved. 17 light weight loose base material
The function is as follows: the method is used for avoiding the growth of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants from the liquid level of the nutrient solution, avoiding the photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants, and avoiding the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants from turning green, off flavor and being difficult to cook. The problem to be solved is as follows: tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are prevented from growing out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution, and meanwhile, the photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants is avoided, and the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are prevented from turning green, smelling and being difficult to cook.
18 nutrient soil
The function is as follows: the device is used for avoiding the growth of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants from the liquid level of the nutrient solution, avoiding the photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants, avoiding the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants from becoming green, tasteful and difficult to cook, and properly solving the problem of nutrient supply of the aquatic tuber plants.
19 greenhouse
The function is as follows: is used for keeping the temperature of the greenhouse and the nutrient solution when the aquatic tuber plants are planted at low temperature and out of season. The problem to be solved is as follows: the problem of temperature maintenance of the greenhouse and the nutrient solution during planting the aquatic tuber plants at low temperature and out of season is solved to a great extent.
20 liquid level of nutrient solution
To illustrate the relationship between the nutrient solution and the lightweight porous matrix.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
step 1: and (3) paving 2 heat-insulating layers at the bottom and around the position where the 1 nutrient solution storage container is to be arranged, and covering the 2 heat-insulating layers with clay or concrete with a certain thickness to serve as the 1 nutrient solution storage container.
Furthermore, the heat-insulating layer is formed by laying any one or a combination of heat-insulating base materials of extruded sheets, benzene plates, plant fibers, waste cotton yarns and waste sponges.
Step 2: putting 5 nutrient solution with the depth of 50-120cm into the nutrient solution storage container 1, and then uniformly and horizontally arranging the thermal pipelines 3 in the nutrient solution storage container 1 at certain intervals, wherein the horizontal height of the thermal pipelines 3 is preferably 30-60cm away from the bottom of the nutrient solution storage container 1.
And 3, step 3: 4 heating equipment is arranged outside the nutrient solution storage container 1, heat preservation measures are taken for the 4 heating equipment, and then the 3 heating pipeline is connected with the 4 heating equipment.
And 4, step 4: wrapping 14 species with 13 heat-insulating base materials, placing into 5 nutrient solution at certain intervals according to unit cells, wherein the temperature of the 5 nutrient solution is 16-30 ℃ in the day and 5-15 ℃ in the evening, and if the tuber of the aquatic tuber plant is rapidly expanded, the temperature in the 19 greenhouse is 28 ℃ in the day and 15 ℃ in the evening. .
Furthermore, the 13 heat-insulating base material is any one or a mixture of loose base materials with suspension characteristics, such as straw, cotton yarn, sponge and the like.
And 5, step 5: placing the 6-suspension grid substrate on 14 species wrapped by the 13 heat-preservation substrate, and suspending the 6-suspension grid substrate and the 14 species into 5 nutrient solution, wherein the 14 species of the aquatic tuber plants at the early stage of the planting of the aquatic tuber plants are preferably immersed 2-10cm below the liquid surface of the nutrient solution, and the 14 species of the aquatic tuber plants are preferably immersed 2-40cm below the liquid surface of the nutrient solution after the stem leaves of the aquatic tuber plants grow out of 40cm of the liquid surface of the nutrient solution.
Further, when a hollow suspension grid substrate is adopted, one method is as follows: injecting 9 filling base materials into the hollow suspension grid base materials from the wire inlet by using an air compressor or a high-pressure pump, and then plugging 8 wire inlets and 7 drain holes by using movable plugs to enable the hollow suspension grid base materials to suspend; another method is: and (3) uniformly distributing 11 boxes on the hollow suspension grid base material, and placing 12 weights in the 11 boxes to enable the hollow suspension grid base material to suspend under the action of the 12 weights. The 2 methods and the 10 horizontal movement prevention piles form a suspension system at the same time, and 9 filling base materials are made of materials such as mud and sand which have strong liquidity, higher density than nutrient solution and low cost;
and 6, step 6: 16 floatable net-shaped base materials are placed on the liquid level of 20 nutrient solution according to unit grids, then 17 light loose base materials with the thickness of 5-15cm are placed on the 16 floatable net-shaped base materials, the 16 floatable net-shaped base materials and the 17 light loose base materials form an upward floating prevention system, if necessary, a thin layer 18 of nutrient soil can be covered on the 17 light loose base materials, the 16 floatable net-shaped base materials, the 17 light loose base materials and the 16 floatable net-shaped base materials form the upward floating prevention system together, and in order to avoid horizontal movement, the 16 floatable net-shaped base materials are fixed on 10 horizontal movement prevention piles (also serving as support piles).
Furthermore, the 17 light loose base material is composed of any one of loose heat preservation base materials or mixtures with suspension characteristics, such as straws, cotton yarns, sponges and the like.
And 7, step 7: the transparent and lightproof base material 15 is arranged at a height of 20cm above the liquid level of the nutrient solution 20 and is fixed on the horizontal movement-proof pile 10 (also used as a support pile).
Furthermore, the 15-penetrable and lightproof base material is made of any one of a black plastic film with holes and a sunshade net, or is made by covering a net with light and loose base materials such as straws, cotton yarns, sponges and the like.
And 8, step 8: when the aquatic tuber plants are planted at low temperature or out of season, a 19-greenhouse is arranged around a 1 nutrient solution storage container, all 5 nutrient solutions are required to be completely sealed in the 19-greenhouse, and 4 heating devices can be arranged in the 19-greenhouse at certain intervals if necessary, so that the temperature of the whole 19-greenhouse is kept at 16-30 ℃ in the daytime and 5-15 ℃ in the evening, and if the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are rapidly expanded, the temperature in the 19-greenhouse is preferably 28 ℃ in the daytime and 15 ℃ in the evening.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an aquatic tuberous plant soilless planting system which characterized by: the aquatic tuber plant planting system comprises a liquid temperature heat preservation and temperature increase system, a suspension system, a temperature maintaining system, a root photosynthesis evasion system and an upward floating prevention system, and further comprises the liquid temperature heat preservation and temperature increase system and a greenhouse when the aquatic tuber plant is planted out of season.
2. A soilless cultivation system for aquatic tuber plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid temperature heat preservation and heating system comprises a heat preservation system and a heating system;
furthermore, the heat preservation system is arranged at the periphery and the bottom of the nutrient solution storage container and is provided with a heat preservation layer, the heat preservation layer is formed by laying any one or combination of extruded sheets, benzene sheets, plant fibers, waste cotton yarns and waste sponges, the heating system is composed of heating pipelines and heating equipment, the heating pipelines are uniformly arranged in the nutrient solution storage container, and the heating equipment is arranged in a structure which is as close as possible and has good heat preservation performance in the nutrient solution storage container.
3. A soilless cultivation system for aquatic tuber plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the suspension system comprises a suspension grid substrate, a filling substrate, a drainage hole, a thread inlet and a waterproof translational motion pile, the suspension system suspends tubers of aquatic tuber plants in nutrient solution of a nutrient solution storage container all the time without adopting a fixed mode through self gravity or artificially increased gravity, further, the suspension grid substrate is any one or combination of a solid suspension grid substrate or a hollow suspension grid substrate, when the suspension grid substrate uses the solid suspension grid substrate, the suspension system and the waterproof translational motion pile form the suspension system, when the hollow suspension grid substrate is used, the hollow suspension grid substrate adopts an air compressor or a high-pressure pump to inject the filling substrate from the thread inlet to the hollow suspension grid substrate, then the hollow suspension grid substrate is suspended by adopting a mode of plugging the thread inlet and the drainage hole by using a movable plug, and a box body can also be uniformly distributed on the hollow suspension grid substrate, a weight is placed in the box body, so that the hollow suspension grid base material is suspended under the action of the weight, and forms a suspension system with the waterproof translational pile, and the filling base material is made of materials such as mud and sand which have strong liquidity and density larger than that of nutrient solution and are low in cost; the lower part of the other end of the hollow suspension grid substrate is provided with a threaded discharge port and a movable plug for draining the filling substrate, so that the hollow suspension grid substrate and tubers of aquatic tuber plants can float upwards conveniently.
4. A soilless cultivation system for aquatic tuber plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature maintaining system is composed of any loose heat-insulating base material or mixture with suspension property such as straw, cotton yarn and sponge, and the aquatic tuber plant species are wrapped in any loose heat-insulating base material or mixture with suspension property such as straw, cotton yarn and sponge.
5. A soilless cultivation system for aquatic tuber plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: root system photosynthesis evasion system is including penetrable and light-proof substrate and support stake, support stake and waterproof translation movable pile sharing, and root system photosynthesis evasion system sets up 20cm position on liquid level upper portion in nutrient solution reserve container and is preferred.
6. A soilless cultivation system for aquatic tuber plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anti-floating system comprises a floatable net-shaped base material, a waterproof translational pile and a light loose base material or a light loose base material, and a small amount of nutrient soil covers the light loose base material, and is arranged on the surface of the liquid surface in the nutrient solution storage container.
7. The soilless cultivation system for the aquatic tuber plants in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: arranging heat preservation layers around the nutrient solution storage container and at the bottom of the nutrient solution storage container to serve as a heat preservation system in the liquid temperature heat preservation and temperature increase system;
step 2: arranging a heating system in a liquid temperature heat preservation and heating system in the nutrient solution storage container, uniformly arranging thermal pipelines in the nutrient solution storage container, and connecting the thermal pipelines with a heating device in the heating system in the liquid temperature heat preservation and heating system;
and step 3: wrapping the species of the aquatic tuber plants by using loose base materials with suspension and heat preservation performances such as straws, cotton yarns, sponges and the like, and soaking the wrapped species of the aquatic tuber plants in the nutrient solution storage container according to the unit cells;
and 4, step 4: placing a suspension system on the wrapped aquatic tuber plant species to enable the aquatic tuber plant species to be in a suspension state, when the solid suspension system is adopted, pressing the aquatic tuber plant species to be 2-40cm below the liquid level of the nutrient solution by means of the self-suspension force of the solid suspension system, when the hollow suspension system is adopted, pressing the aquatic tuber plant species to be 2-40cm below the liquid level of the nutrient solution in a manner that the hollow suspension system is suspended by connecting the end A of a pipeline with the wire inlet of a hollow suspension grid substrate, connecting the end B of the pipeline with an air compressor or a high-pressure pump to inject a filling substrate into the hollow suspension grid substrate, and then plugging the wire inlet and the drainage hole of the hollow suspension grid substrate, or uniformly arranging a box body on the hollow suspension grid substrate, placing a heavy object in the box body, and pressing the aquatic tuber plant species to be 2-40cm below the liquid level of the nutrient solution in a manner that the hollow suspension grid substrate is suspended under the action of the heavy object cm, the species of the early-stage aquatic tuber plants planted by adopting the solid suspension system and the hollow suspension system in a suspended manner are preferably 2-10cm below the liquid level of the nutrient solution;
and 5: the anti-floating system is arranged on the surface of the nutrient solution, has the function of preventing tubers of the aquatic tuber plants from growing out of the liquid level of the nutrient solution, and is used for avoiding photosynthesis of the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants;
step 6: a root system photosynthesis evasion system is arranged 20cm above the surface of the nutrient solution, and the root system photosynthesis evasion system is used for evading the photosynthesis of tubers of the aquatic tuber plants, so that the tubers of the aquatic tuber plants are not green, not odorous and not difficult to cook;
and 7: a greenhouse is arranged around the nutrient solution storage container, thermal pipelines are arranged in the nutrient solution storage container at certain intervals and connected with a heating device outside the nutrient solution storage container for heating, so that the room temperature of all nutrient solution and the stem and leaf of the aquatic tuber plant in the closed nutrient solution storage container and the greenhouse is always kept at the development and growth temperature required by the stem, leaf, root and tuber of the aquatic tuber plant, namely 16-30 ℃ in the daytime and 5-15 ℃ in the evening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111290992.2A CN113875572A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111290992.2A CN113875572A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113875572A true CN113875572A (en) | 2022-01-04 |
Family
ID=79015935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111290992.2A Pending CN113875572A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113875572A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103141283A (en) * | 2013-03-16 | 2013-06-12 | 章鸿 | Suspension planting method for aquatic plants |
| CN203700031U (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-07-09 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Aquatic plant cultivation device |
| CN104145792A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 曾照方 | Soilless planting and harvesting method and device for lotus roots |
| CN105165579A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 常州市长宇实用气体有限公司 | Method for soilless culture of lotus root |
| CN106538359A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-29 | 夏祥军 | The stem tuber water plant soiless and three-dimensional anti-season culture technology such as new lotus rhizome, water chestnut |
| CN106857207A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-20 | 李竞 | Aquatic plant cultivation device and its cultural method |
| CN107295965A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-27 | 夏祥军 | New stem tuber water plant soiless and three-dimensional anti-season leaching fills culture technology |
| CN208095708U (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-16 | 淮海工学院 | A kind of lively plant cultivation device of water in suspension |
| CN216492575U (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-05-13 | 夏祥军 | Soilless planting system for aquatic tuber plants |
-
2021
- 2021-10-27 CN CN202111290992.2A patent/CN113875572A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103141283A (en) * | 2013-03-16 | 2013-06-12 | 章鸿 | Suspension planting method for aquatic plants |
| CN203700031U (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-07-09 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Aquatic plant cultivation device |
| CN104145792A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 曾照方 | Soilless planting and harvesting method and device for lotus roots |
| CN105165579A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 常州市长宇实用气体有限公司 | Method for soilless culture of lotus root |
| CN106538359A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-29 | 夏祥军 | The stem tuber water plant soiless and three-dimensional anti-season culture technology such as new lotus rhizome, water chestnut |
| CN107295965A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-27 | 夏祥军 | New stem tuber water plant soiless and three-dimensional anti-season leaching fills culture technology |
| CN106857207A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-20 | 李竞 | Aquatic plant cultivation device and its cultural method |
| CN208095708U (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-16 | 淮海工学院 | A kind of lively plant cultivation device of water in suspension |
| CN216492575U (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-05-13 | 夏祥军 | Soilless planting system for aquatic tuber plants |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN216492575U (en) | Soilless planting system for aquatic tuber plants | |
| CN104160864A (en) | Movable submerged plant lawn block production method | |
| CN108739334B (en) | Suspended water surface greening module and method for cultivating and planting plants by using same | |
| CN203951950U (en) | A kind of flowers and fruits basin soil structure | |
| CN106212103A (en) | A kind of manufacture method improving Folium Rhododendri Simsii nursery effect substrate | |
| CN106171467B (en) | Rhododendron Ericatum seed propagation method | |
| CN108668880A (en) | A kind of semi-submersible type sea grass breeding apparatus and breeding method | |
| CN101861809A (en) | Soil-retaining water-saving method for planting trees in gravel land in dry and hot area | |
| CN203683234U (en) | Submerged plant modular growth bed | |
| CN103109656A (en) | Submerged plant underwater turf cultivation structure and submerged plant underwater turf planting method | |
| CN107232051B (en) | Nutrient rapid propagation-based Sargassum horneri large-scale cultivation method | |
| CN109429860A (en) | The method for culturing seedlings of plant autumn solanberry reality in mangrove | |
| CN107182754A (en) | A kind of container soilless culture technique of tree peony | |
| CN207969434U (en) | A kind of floatation type cultivating seedlings system | |
| CN204206869U (en) | A kind of soilless cultivation facility | |
| CN104871785A (en) | Method for planting brazilwood and alpinia oxyphylla in stony desertification soil | |
| CN113875572A (en) | Soilless planting system and method for aquatic tuber plants | |
| WO2018103530A1 (en) | Fish tank flowerpot having ecosystem | |
| JP7373467B2 (en) | Plant cultivation method | |
| CA2853147A1 (en) | Plant nursery and storage system for use in the growth of field ready plants | |
| CN103636474A (en) | Rapid seedling culturing method for lamiophlomis rotata | |
| CN204907291U (en) | Supporting facility of industrialized agriculture production | |
| JP2012110249A (en) | Greening structure and method for construction thereof | |
| CN115413571A (en) | Planting method of Chinese sprangletop herb | |
| CN216087971U (en) | Full-illumination soil-lump three-dimensional tea tree seedling raising bed |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |