CN102060386A - Method for constructing floating wetland - Google Patents
Method for constructing floating wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN102060386A CN102060386A CN2010105473751A CN201010547375A CN102060386A CN 102060386 A CN102060386 A CN 102060386A CN 2010105473751 A CN2010105473751 A CN 2010105473751A CN 201010547375 A CN201010547375 A CN 201010547375A CN 102060386 A CN102060386 A CN 102060386A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing a floating wetland. A floating carrier and plants grown in the floating carrier form a floating wetland unit, and a plurality of floating wetland units are spliced on the water surface and fixed to the water bottom through ropes and foot piles, thereby forming a floating wetland; each floating carrier is a wire mesh barrel without a cover, and floating balls are threaded on the edge of the barrel top; a cattail bag is spread on the bottom surface of each barrel, the floating plants (alligator alternanthera) are grown on the cattail bag layer, and herbaceous plant seeds are sowed in the wire mesh barrel, so that the seeds are included and mixed in the alligator alternanthera, thereby forming one floating wetland unit; and the floating wetland units are cultured in a fertile still water body, and the cultured floating wetland units can be pulled to the target water area through a waterway and spliced to form the floating wetland of required area. The invention can treat the polluted water body, and beautify the landscape of the water area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water pollution and eutrophication control, plant floating bed and ecological floating island technology waterborne, relate in particular to a kind of construction process of floating wetland, present method is adapted at eutrophic lake, river, reservoir and the landscape water body plantation waterplant that water body is dark, be not suitable for recovering submerged plant, reduction water nutrition load, purify water, improve water transparency, the embellishing surface view.
Background technology
In recent years, the water quality lack of water often appears in the aggravation of the eutrophication degree of the many water bodys of China, becomes the bottleneck of social development.People constantly explore a kind of restoration of the ecosystem scheme of seeking.Wherein utilize pleuston as pioneer plant, make up aquatic vegetation, the measure that improves water body self-purification ability is widely used in the improvement of polluted water body.Used pleuston multiselect Herba Eichhorniae, species are single, and structure of community is simple, and the purification efficiency in waters, area, temperate zone in winter obviously descends; And it is less that the purification place all is selected in stormy waves, the waters that current are slow, such as arm of lake, lakeshore, fork and pond etc.Under the situation of high sea and current urgency, remove the direct physical damage, the decline of phase mutual friction aggravation pleuston between plant individual; If the pleuston carrier structure is not good enough, may cause later maintenance cost sharply to rise.
Prior art utilizes porous plastics as carrier, and buoyancy is provided, and porous plastics is broken easily, floats on the surface after the fragmentation, causes secondary pollution.And plastic foamboard is very easily thrown by wave owing to waterproof.What extensively used aspect carrier is plastic material, and also useful mao bamboon is made, and its capacity of anti-storm is also relatively poor, and the plastics cost is higher, not only be not suitable for the big big water surface of stormy waves, and cost is too high, can not large-scale application.In addition, the general low temperature tolerance ability of plant that prior art is utilized a little less than, winter, plant was dead and lose detergent power to water body.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of prior art, proposed a kind of floating wetland constructing technology.This floating wetland possesses advantages of higher stability, can either large-area applications with the purifying contaminated water body, effectively reduce concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, improve water transparency, can improve water surface view again, beautify the environment.The species diversity height of the floating wetland that the present invention makes up has certain structure of community, and capacity of anti-storm is strong, and evergreen all the year round, at be large-scale floating wetland makes up.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: a kind of floating wetland construction method, constitute floating wetland unit by floating carrier and the plant that is planted in the floating carrier, a plurality of floating wetland units are spliced on the water surface, fix at the bottom by rope and pin stake, constitute floating wetland; It is characterized in that: floating carrier is the silk screen staving of a uncovered, the company's of wearing ball float on the bucket top margin; After rush bag is laid in the bucket bottom surface, pleuston water peanut (being alternanthera philoxeroides) is planted on the rush bag layer, in the silk screen bucket, sow herbaceous plant seeds then, make seed be mingled with, be blended in the water peanut, promptly constitute floating wetland unit; Floating wetland unit is positioned in the fertile hydrostatic water body cultivates, it is good after the water route is dragged to the floating wetland that the target waters is assembled into required area to cultivate.
The rush bag layer 2-3 is laid in said bucket bottom surface, fixes with the fishing net covering of screen distance 2-4cm and with a fishing net edge and a bucket top margin on the water peanut.
The herbaceous plant seeds of sowing comprises ditch millet 7-20g/m
2, nutgrass flatsedge 5-15g/m
2, mater convolvulus 5-10g/m
2And rye grass 6-15g/m
2, floating wetland unit is annual to be positioned over to cultivate in the fertile hydrostatic water body after completing the 4-6 month and to be no less than 20 days, transplants 10-40 strain/m then
2Yellow flag seedling or plant are in the middle of water peanut; Sow Wildcelery Herb 5-10g/m autumn
2Seed is in the floating wetland that has made up, and transplanting 10-40 strain/m
2The Siberian iris plant is in floating wetland.
Advantage of the present invention and effect:
1) floating carrier can be by adjusting the size and the quantity of ball float, for various waterplant provide enough buoyancy, the ball float strong resistance be difficult for fragmentation, and water peanut itself has bigger buoyancy, can provide buoyancy with ball float, the detergent power of water peanut is extremely strong simultaneously, all can be grown in the water surface preferably at the bottom of the annual 4-11, and the season of growth is long, the purifying water body time is long, has the staggered stolon of packing and is not easy to be broken up by stormy waves;
2) according to field demand, under the condition that does not influence the river course shipping safety, the floating wetland of different scales capable of being combined, shape; The plant species of wetland is abundant, can realize all having the growth of plant, has prolonged the time scale of floating wetland to purification of water quality throughout the year; A little less than the plant interspecific competition, can set up compound group, and the detergency height is coordinated by the group of setting up;
3) but the high material of selection intensity make, anti-current and stormy waves impact capacity are strong, easy for installation, dismounting easily; Not limited by the depth of water, and can float on the water surface with change of level; Be applicable to that water pollutes and eutrophication control, be particluarly suitable for water body is dark, be not suitable for recovering submerged plant eutrophic lake, river, reservoir and landscape water body plantation waterplant, cut down the water nutrition load, purify water, improve water transparency, the embellishing surface view.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is 2 floating wetland unit interface charts.
Specific implementation method
Be described further below in conjunction with structure, making, installation, plants configuration and the use of accompanying drawing the floating wetland structure of the present invention.
One, makes floating carrier
Referring to Fig. 1,2, floating carrier is the silk screen staving of a uncovered, and it is 2m- 3m annulus 1,7 that the staving skeleton can become upper and lower two diameters with Φ 12mm reinforcement fabrication, the foam ball float 2 of the 20-40 of the company of wearing a Φ 80-120mm on the last annulus 1.Use reinforcing bar 10 welding of the long same model of 3-6 root 25-40cm between upper and lower two annulus again, be made into the right cylinder framework of high 25-40cm, with silk screen (as fishing net) 3 parcel right cylinder frame facet and the bottom surfaces of screen distance 2-4cm and be fixedly connected on framework, promptly constitute the silk screen staving of a uncovered, also be welded with Φ 6-12mm reinforcing bar on upper and lower two circular planes and constitute stiffening web 9 with the star style.The hollow out design of floating carrier makes root system of plant fully contact with water body, strengthens the effect that purifies water; Simultaneously, it is not blocked water when flood season.
Two, plantation pleuston
After laying layer 2-3 rush bag 8 on the silk screen staving bottom surface, annual 4-6 is between the month, at first placing alternanthera philoxeroides in the silk screen staving (is water peanut, get disconnected branch or stem, coverage 100%), the fishing net that covers 1-2 layer screen distance 2-4cm on the water peanut again is to wrap alternanthera philoxeroides (fishing net is used the plastic ties colligation on annulus on the bucket top), be in order both to allow water peanut pass by mesh, can make the staggered stolon of packing in water peanut when growth again and strengthen its capacity of anti-storm, do not destroyed and escape by stormy waves.Because the pleuston water peanut itself has bigger buoyancy, can provide buoyancy with ball float, and the water peanut season of growth is long, all can grow in by the end of March geographic-11 ends in the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River.
Three, plant community is set up
Carrier and water peanut be positioned in the fertile hydrostatic water body cultivated 3-7 days, treat water peanut root growth and flourishing gradually and after giving birth to attachment material on dish knot, the rush bag mutually, in water peanut, sow ditch millet 7-20g/m
2, nutgrass flatsedge 5-15g/m
2, mater convolvulus 5-10g/m
2And 6-15g/m
2(the rush bag pad is in order to prevent that plant seed from spilling from the staving mesh to the seed of rye grass, show through experimental study, sowing the root system of plant that grows behind this four kind of plant seed simultaneously will be staggered in and make that together plant is integral with carrier combinations more firmly, be difficult for being destroyed by stormy waves, and the species diversity height of plant), be combined into floating wetland unit structure, be positioned over then in the fertile hydrostatic water body and cultivate more than 20 days, transplant 10-40 strain/m again
2Yellow flag is in the middle of the water peanut of modular construction; The modular construction incubation time is that annual 4-6 is between the month.The interconnection haul to the target waters of a plurality of floating wetland units constitutes the floating wetland of required area, and to winter, plant all can enter resting stage.At this phenomenon, be to increase species diversity, make up evergreen pleuston group, in floating wetland, sow 7-15g/m in 9-10 month
2The seed of Wildcelery Herb is transplanted Siberian iris 10-40 strain/m October
2, class plant is anti-freezes for this, and the fibrous root prosperity easily forms view on the water surface, become water surface green ecological band in winter.
Four, the connection of floating wetland unit combination
Be connected by fastener (among Fig. 2 11) between the modular construction, make modular construction to connect or to separate; When floating wetland is installed, modular construction is simply connected into suitable scale with plastic ties, drag to the target waters with ship, according to the scale that needs floating wetland, arbitrarily a plurality of modular constructions are bolted together with fastener, increased the handiness of layout like this, the synthetic point-like of random set, sheet, wire or blossom type etc. strengthen landscape effect according to demand.
Five, floating wetland is fixed
Connect at the bottom of the floating carrier bucket and pin stake 5 (the length 50-100cm that squeeze into settling (bed mud) 50-90cm with plastic ties 4 (see figure 1)s of Φ 4-20mm, shape such as Fig. 1), take aim at fixed each floating wetland unit structure, and the length of regulating connection cord according to depth condition, the length of connection cord is greater than the degree of depth of the flood level that waters 30-50 one meets.When water level is low, rope is tied a knot to regulate suitable length, after water level raises, untiing the rope joint, prolong rope lengths.
The test that the lake field size of the present invention in Yangcheng Lake and Chaohu, Anhui is respectively 100m * 50m and 10 mu shows, the plant grew well of floating wetland plantation of the present invention, the fraction of coverage of the plant community of various combinations reaches 100%, only the fraction of coverage 3-5m edge, windward side plant is 40%-60%, and wherein the combination community biomass of water peanut, ditch millet, mater convolvulus, iris is the highest; Duration of test is through repeatedly high sea impact, and floating wetland unit structure is intact, shows stronger capacity of anti-storm; The total nitrogen that floating wetland can be removed in the water body reaches 79.9%, and the nitric nitrogen clearance reaches 92.9%, and ammonia-N removal rate reaches 52.2%, and total tp removal rate reaches 73.5%, reduces COD in water body
MnReach 68.2% and 76.7% respectively with Chl.a.
Claims (3)
1. a floating wetland construction method constitutes floating wetland unit by floating carrier and the plant that is planted in the floating carrier, and a plurality of floating wetland units splicings on the water surface, are fixed at the bottom by rope and pin stake, constitutes floating wetland; It is characterized in that: floating carrier is the silk screen staving of a uncovered, the company's of wearing ball float on the bucket top margin; After rush bag is laid in the bucket bottom surface, the pleuston water peanut is planted on the rush bag layer, in the silk screen bucket, sow herbaceous plant seeds then, make seed be mingled with, be blended in the water peanut, promptly constitute floating wetland unit; Floating wetland unit is positioned in the fertile hydrostatic water body cultivates, it is good after the water route is dragged to the floating wetland that the target waters is assembled into required area to cultivate.
2. floating wetland construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rush bag layer 2-3 is laid in the bucket bottom surface, fixes with the fishing net covering of screen distance 2-4cm and with a fishing net edge and a bucket top margin on the water peanut.
3. floating wetland construction method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the herbaceous plant seeds of sowing comprises ditch millet 7-20g/m
2, nutgrass flatsedge 5-15g/m
2, mater convolvulus 5-10g/m
2And rye grass 6-15g/m
2, floating wetland unit is annual to be positioned over to cultivate in the fertile hydrostatic water body after completing the 4-6 month and to be no less than 20 days, transplants 10-40 strain/m then
2Yellow flag seedling or plant are in the middle of water peanut; Sow Wildcelery Herb 5-10g/m autumn
2Seed is in the floating wetland that has made up, and transplanting 10-40 strain/m
2The Siberian iris plant is in floating wetland.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105473751A CN102060386A (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2010-11-17 | Method for constructing floating wetland |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105473751A CN102060386A (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2010-11-17 | Method for constructing floating wetland |
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| CN102060386A true CN102060386A (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102349434A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-02-15 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | High-yield method for cultivating land mater convolvulus by lake entering river water floating |
| CN102415320A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-04-18 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | Method for culturing mentha canadensis by using floating of lake inflowing river water |
| CN102598962A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Capturing device for wetland anemochorous plant seeds |
| CN102640626A (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Device for capturing water sowed seeds of wetland plants |
| CN102726241A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-17 | 张朝峰 | Water floatation planting device and method for manufacturing same |
| CN104686130A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Conservation method for juncellus serotinus (rottb.) C.B. clarke |
| CN105036341A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Flexible baffle suspended grid of biological floating bed in deep water body for resisting to stormy waves |
| CN105776558A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏江达生态科技有限公司 | Safety fixed structure for ecological floating island |
| CN106396111A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-02-15 | 东北师范大学 | Ecological floating bed for integrated eutrophication and reclamation of surface water |
| CN108217978A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-06-29 | 田静 | A kind of comprehensive water prevention and cure of pollution equipment |
| CN108358397A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-03 | 新乡市环境保护科学设计研究院 | A kind of Multi-functional effluent treatment unit for improving the ecological environment |
| CN108911183A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-30 | 上海景青绿环境科技有限公司 | A kind of sewage treatment floating wetland |
| CN110845016A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-28 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Artificial suspension wetland structure for rural river-entering sewage discharge outlet and sewage treatment method |
| CN115231711A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨学院 | Integrated wind wave-proof ecological floating ball for water ecological restoration |
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| CN1603251A (en) * | 2004-10-10 | 2005-04-06 | 武汉大学 | Method for removing nutrient salt in water |
| CN2825630Y (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2006-10-11 | 浙江大学 | System for in-situ ecological restoration of water body by floating composite botanical zone |
| WO2009154539A1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-23 | Phytohydrology Europe Ab | A floating plant bed for biological water treatment |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1603251A (en) * | 2004-10-10 | 2005-04-06 | 武汉大学 | Method for removing nutrient salt in water |
| CN2825630Y (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2006-10-11 | 浙江大学 | System for in-situ ecological restoration of water body by floating composite botanical zone |
| WO2009154539A1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-23 | Phytohydrology Europe Ab | A floating plant bed for biological water treatment |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102349434A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-02-15 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | High-yield method for cultivating land mater convolvulus by lake entering river water floating |
| CN102415320A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-04-18 | 玉溪市农业科学院 | Method for culturing mentha canadensis by using floating of lake inflowing river water |
| CN102598962A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Capturing device for wetland anemochorous plant seeds |
| CN102640626A (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Device for capturing water sowed seeds of wetland plants |
| CN102726241A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-17 | 张朝峰 | Water floatation planting device and method for manufacturing same |
| CN102726241B (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-09-10 | 张朝峰 | Water floatation planting device and method for manufacturing same |
| CN104686130A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Conservation method for juncellus serotinus (rottb.) C.B. clarke |
| CN105036341A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Flexible baffle suspended grid of biological floating bed in deep water body for resisting to stormy waves |
| CN105776558A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏江达生态科技有限公司 | Safety fixed structure for ecological floating island |
| CN105776558B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2019-06-04 | 江苏江达生态科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological floating island safety fixed structure |
| CN106396111A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-02-15 | 东北师范大学 | Ecological floating bed for integrated eutrophication and reclamation of surface water |
| CN108217978A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-06-29 | 田静 | A kind of comprehensive water prevention and cure of pollution equipment |
| CN108358397A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-03 | 新乡市环境保护科学设计研究院 | A kind of Multi-functional effluent treatment unit for improving the ecological environment |
| CN108911183A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-30 | 上海景青绿环境科技有限公司 | A kind of sewage treatment floating wetland |
| CN110845016A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-28 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Artificial suspension wetland structure for rural river-entering sewage discharge outlet and sewage treatment method |
| CN115231711A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨学院 | Integrated wind wave-proof ecological floating ball for water ecological restoration |
| CN115231711B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-09-19 | 哈尔滨学院 | Integrated wind-wave-prevention ecological floating ball for water ecological restoration |
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Application publication date: 20110518 |