CN101322470A - Coast saline-alkali soil forestation method - Google Patents
Coast saline-alkali soil forestation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101322470A CN101322470A CNA2008101344805A CN200810134480A CN101322470A CN 101322470 A CN101322470 A CN 101322470A CN A2008101344805 A CNA2008101344805 A CN A2008101344805A CN 200810134480 A CN200810134480 A CN 200810134480A CN 101322470 A CN101322470 A CN 101322470A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coastal kaline soil forestation method, comprising the following steps: A. trenching and building ridges, and building rain collection beds; B. setting rain collection surfaces; C. digging plant pits, and setting salt isolation layers; D. collecting tree species and planting; E. setting surface cover layers of plant pits; F. tending, and weeding at proper time; wherein, the step of trenching and building ridges, and building rain collection beds is based on the design of forestation spacing, and flow collection trenches are dug at interval of a row spacing along the direction of rows; the depth of the trench bottom is 20cm to 25cm; the ground surface between the ridge and the trench bottom is trimmed to form a shallow v-shaped groove; the sloping surfaces are leveled and compacted to form the rain collection beds. The coastal moderate kaline soil forestation technology of the invention greatly increases the water content of soil, and the salt is efficiently leached and reduced, thereby efficiently improving the survival rate, save rate and growing speed of forests; the survival rate of forests reaches greater than 85%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of forestation, more particularly relate to the coast saline-alkali soil forestation method of a kind of degree of salinity below moderate.
Background technology
At present, the coastal saline-alkali planting site have a following feature: be rich in the coastal saline-alkali soil and want the solubility salinity, based on chloride, the subterranean water level height, generally at 0.5～3m, water evaporates is strong.The coast saline-alkali soil forestation survival rate, storage rate is low, arboreal growth is slow, is the ubiquitous problem in saline land.
The afforestation technology of administering the saline land roughly has following several: (1) soil moved in to improve the original method: afforestation initial stage arboreal growth is better, but along with moisture movement, soil salt promptly reached consistent with the surrounding soil environment after 2～3 years, its effect disappears, higher owing to cost simultaneously, and the destruction of easily causing original land resources; (2) alkaline land soil improved method: comprise fertilising, use the soil conditioner afforestation technology.The traditional fertilization improved method cycle is long, is difficult to management, the easy accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and the forest survival rate is low, and chemical improvement agent cost height is difficult to large tracts of land promote; (4) plant cladding process: field management requires high, except that leguminous plant, easily takes place and forest contention nutrition phenomenon; (5) wild-flooding method: serious with waste to water resource, the easier secondary salinization that causes; (6) hidden pipe salt discharge alkaline process: effective, but invest huge.
At present, in the beach saline land afforestation, also there is not a simple supporting technology of overlapping successfully both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of coast saline-alkali soil forestation method.
This and other purpose of the present invention will and be described by following detailed description and further launch and set forth.
Coast saline-alkali soil forestation method of the present invention comprises the steps:
A, trench digging are built the back of the body, build collection rain bed;
B, collection rain face is set;
C: dig plant pit, be provided with every salt deposit;
D: choice of tree species and planting;
E: surface coating is set;
F: field management, weeding in good time;
Wherein: described trench digging is built the back of the body, and building collection rain bed step is that the trend that follows is alternation excavation afflux ditch with the line-spacing according to the design of afforestation seeding row spacing, dark 20cm～the 25cm of bottom of trench, the ground between arrangement back of the body ridge and the bottom of trench makes shallow v font groove, leveling makes real domatic, forms collection rain bed.
In coast saline-alkali soil forestation method of the present invention, the described collection rain face step that is provided with forms collection rain face for covering materials such as aging-resistant horticultural covering film, mulch film in shop, the certain position of the collection rain bed of putting in order.The described plant pit that digs, being provided with every the salt deposit step is spacing in the rows requirement according to Forestation Design, digs planting hole on afflux ditch axis, specification is 1m * 1m * 1.2m; The slag (can with sand or stalk section piece) of laying 18～20cm in planting hole bottom forms separation layer, and the anti-aging geotextiles of laying 0.5～1.0mm is as filter course it on.The described choice of tree species and the step of planting should be selected the seeds with certain salt resistance for use for afforestation, as Chinese scholar tree, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, silk tree, Chinese wax, tree-of-heaven, arbor-vitae, Chinese juniper etc., spring or autumn seedlings afforestation, native ball seedling is advisable, during exposed root and shoot forestation, root will be handled with root-inducing powder before planting; Carry out according to " three bury two step on one carry seedling " technical key point when planting, under the situation of having ready conditions, can add organic fertilizer in the root system compact district in the landfill process, complete plant pit surface, soil back and be lower than 10～15cm at the bottom of the curb, the surplus soil that digs out is put in to form in the groove of nursery stock one side and blocks.The described surface coating step that is provided with is to cover with materials such as ecological pad, geotextiles or sands on the plant pit surface, thickness 1～5cm, and the anti-steaming in formation surface subtracts steams infiltration layer, filling vola water.Described field management, in good time weeding step are to carry out the preventing and controlling of forest damage by disease and insect; Improve the field drainage system, timely draining to avoid damage caused by waterlogging when meeting abundant rainfall.
The present invention by the collection rain desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, separation layer resistance salt and ground surface are set cover to subtract and steam soil moisture conservation and combine, for beach saline land provides a cover successful afforestation technology.On the basis on meticulous whole ground, use materials such as anti-aging horticultural covering film, mulch film to make collection rain face, by retaining rainfall, the salinity around the abundant drip washing tree root, solve the problem of coast saline-alkali soil forestation freshwater resources deficiency simultaneously, reach water conservation, subtract the purpose of steaming, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching; The multiple layer separation layer that utilizes materials such as cinder (sand, stalk section piece) and geotextiles at the bottom of the afforestation cave, to be provided with, both can dredge under soil moisture smooth and easy and ooze, reach the purpose of salt discharge alkali, effectively cut off capillary water simultaneously, the obstruction salinity rises, and suppresses the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil; In afforestation surface, cave or curb, lay ecological pad, geotextiles, sand etc. and form cover layers, can quicken to ooze under the moisture, prevent a large amount of evaporations of surface water and the salt submeter that causes is poly-.Select the stronger seeds of salt resistance during afforestation for use: Chinese scholar tree, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, silk tree, Chinese wax, arbor-vitae, Chinese juniper, tree-of-heaven etc.
The successful strand moderate saline-alkali soil forestation technology of this cover that the present invention proposes, soil water content is increased greatly, and salinity obtains effective drip washing reduction, can effectively improve its forest survival rate, storage rate and growth rate, and the survival rate of forest reaches more than 85%.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: coast saline-alkali soil forestation technology generalized section
Fig. 2: coast saline-alkali soil forestation technology floor plan
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, symbol 1 representative collection rain bed, symbol 2 is represented afflux ditch (afflux is gone into sewer), symbol 3 representative collection rain faces, symbol 4 is represented plant pit, and in 5 generations of symbol, are every salt deposit, on behalf of bottom of trench, symbol 6 block, and symbol 7 is represented the salt tolerant trees, and symbol 8 is represented surface coating (subtract and steam infiltration layer).
Embodiment:
Coast saline-alkali soil forestation technology of the present invention in turn includes the following steps: (1) trench digging is built the back of the body, build collection rain bed: according to the design of afforestation seeding row spacing, the trend that follows is alternation excavation afflux ditch with the line-spacing, dark 20cm～the 25cm of bottom of trench, ground between arrangement back of the body ridge and the bottom of trench, make shallow v font groove, leveling makes real domatic, forms collection rain bed.(2) collection rain face is set: cover materials such as aging-resistant horticultural covering film, mulch film in shop, the certain position of the collection rain bed of putting in order, form collection rain face.(3) dig plant pit, be provided with every salt deposit: according to the spacing in the rows requirement of Forestation Design, dig planting hole on afflux ditch axis, specification is 1m * 1m * 1.2m; The slag (sand or stalk section piece) of laying 18～20cm in the planting hole bottom forms separation layer, lays the anti-aging geotextiles of 0.5～1.0mm on it as filter course.(4) choice of tree species and planting: afforestation should be selected the seeds with certain salt resistance for use, as Chinese scholar tree, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, silk tree, Chinese wax, tree-of-heaven, arbor-vitae, Chinese juniper etc., spring or autumn seedlings afforestation, native ball seedling is advisable, during exposed root and shoot forestation, root will be handled with root-inducing powder before planting; Carry out according to " three bury two step on one carry seedling " technical key point when planting, under the situation of having ready conditions, can add organic fertilizer in the root system compact district in the landfill process, complete plant pit surface, soil back and be lower than 10～15cm at the bottom of the curb, the surplus soil that digs out is put in to form in the groove of nursery stock one side and blocks.(5) surface coating is set: cover with materials such as ecological pad, geotextiles, sands on the plant pit surface, thickness 1～5cm, the anti-steaming in formation surface subtracts steams infiltration layer, filling vola water.(6) field management: weeding in good time; Carry out the preventing and controlling of forest damage by disease and insect; Improve the field drainage system, timely draining to avoid damage caused by waterlogging when meeting abundant rainfall.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of coast saline-alkali soil forestation method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, trench digging are built the back of the body, build collection rain bed;
B, collection rain face is set;
C: dig plant pit, be provided with every salt deposit;
D: choice of tree species and planting;
E: surface coating is set;
F: field management, weeding in good time;
Wherein: described trench digging is built the back of the body, and building collection rain bed step is that the trend that follows is alternation excavation afflux ditch with the line-spacing according to the design of afforestation seeding row spacing, dark 20cm～the 25cm of bottom of trench, the ground between arrangement back of the body ridge and the bottom of trench makes shallow v font groove, leveling makes real domatic, forms collection rain bed.
2, coast saline-alkali soil forestation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described collection rain face step that is provided with for covering materials such as aging-resistant horticultural covering film, mulch film in shop, the certain position of the collection rain bed of putting in order, forms collection rain face.
3, coast saline-alkali soil forestation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described plant pit that digs, and being provided with every the salt deposit step is spacing in the rows requirement according to Forestation Design, digs planting hole on afflux ditch axis, and specification is 1m * 1m * 1.2m; The slag of laying 18～20cm in the planting hole bottom forms separation layer, lays the anti-aging geotextiles of 0.5～1.0mm on it as filter course.
4, coast saline-alkali soil forestation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described choice of tree species and the step of planting are that afforestation should be selected the seeds with certain salt resistance for use, as Chinese scholar tree, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, silk tree, Chinese wax, tree-of-heaven, arbor-vitae, Chinese juniper etc., spring or autumn seedlings afforestation, soil ball seedling is advisable, during exposed root and shoot forestation, root will be handled with root-inducing powder before planting; Carry out according to " three bury two step on one carry seedling " technical key point when planting, under the situation of having ready conditions, can add organic fertilizer in the root system compact district in the landfill process, complete plant pit surface, soil back and be lower than 10～15cm at the bottom of the curb, the surplus soil that digs out is put in to form in the groove of nursery stock one side and blocks.
5, coast saline-alkali soil forestation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described surface coating step that is provided with is for covering with materials such as ecological pad, geotextiles or sands on the plant pit surface, thickness 1～5cm forms the surface and prevents that steaming subtracts steaming and goes into infiltration layer, irritates vola water.
6, coast saline-alkali soil forestation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described field management, in good time weeding step are to carry out the preventing and controlling of forest damage by disease and insect; Improve the field drainage system, timely draining to avoid damage caused by waterlogging when meeting abundant rainfall.
7, coast saline-alkali soil forestation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that and can replace slag with sand or stalk section piece.
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102160482A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2011-08-24 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Salt-resistant type terrace planting method for seaside salt wasteland |
| CN102523779A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-04 | 白银市农业科学研究所 | Method for reusing saline-alkali waste cultivated land to grow plants |
| CN102550159A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-11 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method and system for controlling salt of saline-alkali soil |
| CN102754585A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-10-31 | 东营三明林业发展股份有限公司 | Method for planting saline pines and alkali pines in region with high salinity and alkality |
| CN102763557A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-07 | 山东三益园林绿化有限公司 | Original soil afforesting method of moderate and severe saline and alkaline land |
| CN102771285A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-14 | 陕西乔盛园林科技工程有限公司 | Method for improving tree seedling survival rate |
| CN103988602A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-20 | 黄振忠 | China fir forestation land preparation method for low mountains and hills |
| CN104350987A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | Sea fog protection blanket |
| CN104412748A (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2015-03-18 | 山水园林股份有限公司 | Technological method for eliminating salts in blind drain in saline-alkali soil |
| CN104686285A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-10 | 大连金三元生态园林工程股份有限公司 | Survival promoting method for planting big tree in saline and alkaline land |
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| CN104904556A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Coastal saline and alkaline land rain season willow root cutting forestation method |
| CN104234007B (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-12-02 | 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of river saline-alkali soil levee slope greening method |
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| CN102160482A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2011-08-24 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Salt-resistant type terrace planting method for seaside salt wasteland |
| CN102550159A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-11 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method and system for controlling salt of saline-alkali soil |
| CN102523779A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-04 | 白银市农业科学研究所 | Method for reusing saline-alkali waste cultivated land to grow plants |
| CN102523779B (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2014-11-26 | 白银市农业科学研究所 | Method for reusing saline-alkali waste cultivated land to grow plants |
| CN102754585A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-10-31 | 东营三明林业发展股份有限公司 | Method for planting saline pines and alkali pines in region with high salinity and alkality |
| CN102771285A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-14 | 陕西乔盛园林科技工程有限公司 | Method for improving tree seedling survival rate |
| CN102771285B (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2013-11-27 | 陕西乔盛园林科技工程有限公司 | Method for improving tree seedling survival rate |
| CN102763557A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-07 | 山东三益园林绿化有限公司 | Original soil afforesting method of moderate and severe saline and alkaline land |
| CN102763557B (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-01-29 | 山东三益园林绿化有限公司 | Original soil afforesting method of moderate and severe saline and alkaline land |
| CN104412748A (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2015-03-18 | 山水园林股份有限公司 | Technological method for eliminating salts in blind drain in saline-alkali soil |
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| CN104234007B (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-12-02 | 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of river saline-alkali soil levee slope greening method |
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| CN105393666A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-16 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Saline land improving method |
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| CN108064486A (en) * | 2016-11-06 | 2018-05-25 | 夏祥军 | A kind of new desertification, saline-alkali soil aboveground vegetation planting technology |
| CN107182331A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-22 | 江苏润顺生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the greenhouse gardening crops of the salinization of soil |
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| CN109757246A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-17 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | A method of improving salt-soda soil honey locust survival rate |
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Effective date of registration: 20120716 Address after: 100012 Beijing Chaoyang District Beiyuan home embroidery Juyuan No. 7 Patentee after: Beijing Orient Landscape Co., Ltd. Address before: 100083 Haidian District Qinghua East Road, No. 35, Beijing Patentee before: Beijing Forestry University |