CN103718686B - The afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down alkaline land improving system and the improvement method of evaporation - Google Patents
The afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down alkaline land improving system and the improvement method of evaporation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to alkaline land improving system and improvement method that local afflux anatonosis presses down evaporation, described improved system comprises catchment mima type microrelief region and putting of abrasive disk type and is embedded in the many first anatonosis pipes that abrasive disk type catchments below mima type microrelief region, described abrasive disk type mima type microrelief region of catchmenting comprises and to be arranged in plant pit and for half arc mound of planting plants, described half arc mound is above ground level at least partly, and offers annular weir around half arc mound; The upper end of described first anatonosis pipe communicates with described annular weir, the lower end of the first anatonosis pipe buried enter abrasive disk type catchment below mima type microrelief region near the region of root system of plant, bottom described plant pit, be also equipped with the separation layer communicated with described first anatonosis pipe lower end, in described separation layer, be equipped with salt discharge hidden pipe.The present invention, on the whole can at beach saline land for plant provides a good microcell growing environment while meeting moisture needed for plant growth and nutrient, Promoting plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Saline-alkali Field Control technology, particularly relate to alkaline land improving system and improvement method that the afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down evaporation.
Background technology
The feature in coastal region saline land roughly can be summarized as: one is large, and three is high, and one is low and one poor.Be specially: evaporation discharge is large, degree of mineralization of ground water height and subterranean water level height are the roots forming beach saline land, finally cause soil salt high, and nutrient content is low and soil structure is poor.
Therefore, want the local environment improving saline land, will start with from the root forming beach saline land, just can reach the object of alkaline land improving.Large and the degree of mineralization of ground water height of evaporation discharge is natural cause, the mankind cannot fundamentally be changed, but high can the employing of subterranean water level digs open drain, the direct lowering of watertable of method such as paving hidden pipe and vertical shaft salt discharge etc., or migrates to earth's surface every indirect means blocking-up underground water such as salt deposits by laying.
At present, the Measures compare administering saline land is single, as only adopted chemical method to improve soil, doing the angle just standing in formation saline land result like this and considering a problem, often curing the symptoms, not the disease; And only by lay every salt deposit interrupt soil capillary water upwards migration or only lay hidden pipe carry out lowering of watertable, although from the angle forming saline land root, but its structure is too simple and have ignored the fruit forming saline land, namely there is no soil melioration.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of by controlling the one-way movement of water in soil, can reaching and suppressing the local afflux anatonosis of upper soll layer salification object but the alkaline land improving system of evaporation and improvement method.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the alkaline land improving system that the afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down evaporation, described alkaline land improving system comprises catchment mima type microrelief region and putting of abrasive disk type and is embedded in the many first anatonosis pipes that abrasive disk type catchments below mima type microrelief region, described abrasive disk type mima type microrelief region of catchmenting comprises and to be arranged in plant pit and for half arc mound of planting plants, described half arc mound is above ground level at least partly, and offers annular weir around half arc mound; The upper end of described first anatonosis pipe communicates with described annular weir, the lower end of the first anatonosis pipe buried enter abrasive disk type catchment below mima type microrelief region near the region of root system of plant, bottom described plant pit, be also equipped with the separation layer be connected with described first anatonosis pipe lower end, in described separation layer, be equipped with salt discharge hidden pipe.
Preferably, described first anatonosis pipe by bottom and side-wall hole and the pvc pipe that inside is filled with sand form, and the tube wall of described pvc pipe has some through holes, the particle diameter of sand is greater than the aperture of described through hole.
Preferably, the diameter of described first anatonosis pipe is 5 ~ 20cm, and pipe thickness is 1 ~ 5mm, and the aperture of through hole is 0.1 ~ 0.5cm, pitch of holes 5 ~ 10cm.
Preferably, the pitch of holes bottom described first anatonosis pipe is less than the pitch of holes of sidewall.
Preferably, in the space that described half arc mound and the first anatonosis pipe surround, wormcast and native soil mixed according to volume ratio 1:12 ~ 20 and backfills, forming microcell and to improve the soil region.
Preferably, the separation layer bottom described plant pit is made up of the graded broken stone layer that 15 ~ 30cm is thick, described separation layer is equipped with the geotextiles of 0.2 ~ 1mm as filter course.
Preferably, described alkaline land improving system also comprises the second anatonosis pipe be vertically positioned at bottom plant pit, and the upper end of described second anatonosis pipe communicates with the lower end of described many first anatonosis pipes, and the lower end of the second anatonosis pipe is arranged in separation layer at least partly.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the afflux anatonosis of a kind of local to press down the saline and alkali land improvement method of evaporation, described saline and alkali land improvement method comprises the steps: A, in strand, the underground of primary saline-alkali soil builds salt discharge hidden pipe network, and salt discharge hidden pipe is apart from ground 1 ~ 2m; B, on salt discharge hidden pipe lay 15 ~ 30cm graded broken stone layer thus formed separation layer, the particle diameter of its medium stone is 5 ~ 30mm, after having spread rubble, lays the geotextiles of one deck 0.2 ~ 1mm on separation layer top layer; C, backfill original soil, arrange landform; D, be applicable to the plant pit of trees specification according to seeds excavation, and retain the native soil of excavation plant pit gained; E, wormcast to be mixed according to volume ratio 1:12 ~ 20 with native soil, form backfill soil; F, in the center of plant pit, the second anatonosis pipe filling up sand vertically to be inserted the inner and righting of separation layer; G, the backfill soil in step D to be backfilled in plant pit, and to be filled to the top of the second anatonosis pipe; H, the seeds with certain salt resistance are put into plant pit; I, the first anatonosis pipe made tiltedly is positioned over root system or native ball middle and lower part and backfill soil in refilling step E in plant pit, after plantation trees, form abrasive disk type and to catchment mima type microrelief region; J, pouring of pouring water, the salinity in drip washing original soil.
Preferably, the diameter of described salt discharge hidden pipe is 60 ~ 110mm, tube wall perforate, and around coated non-woven fabrics or diameter are 60 ~ 110mm blind pipe.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention, while meeting moisture needed for plant growth and nutrient, farthest can promote the unidirectional downward migration of moisture in beach saline land in rainy season or when irrigating and to be discharged by the salt solution of drip washing in time, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of promotion soil.Farthest can suppress the upwards migration of soil moisture in spring thus suppress the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.Therefore the present invention at beach saline land for plant provides a good microcell growing environment, and can promote the growth of plant on the whole.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and form a application's part, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present system.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1, afflux anatonosis of a kind of local of the present invention shown in it presses down the preferred embodiment of the alkaline land improving system of evaporation, described alkaline land improving system comprises catchment mima type microrelief region 10 and putting of abrasive disk type and is embedded in the many first anatonosis pipes 20 that abrasive disk type catchments below mima type microrelief region 10, described abrasive disk type mima type microrelief region 10 of catchmenting comprises and to be arranged in plant pit and for half arc mound 12 of planting plants 11, described half arc mound 12 is above ground level at least partly, and offers annular weir 13 around half arc mound 12; " abrasive disk type " of the present invention mima type microrelief region 10 of catchmenting is similar to the structure of stone mill.If plant pit diameter is 1 ~ 2m(, such as plant pit diameter is 1.4m), then the present invention formed with the central shaft of plant pit be the center of circle, diameter is 80 ~ 100cm and the half arc mound 12 of 0 ~ 20cm above ground level, planting plants 11 thereon.And be 20 ~ 30cm at the surrounding formation width of half arc mound 12, edge and the horizontal plane of the annular weir 13(annular weir 13 of the degree of depth 10 ~ 20cm are consistent, as shown in Figure 1).It should be noted that, the present invention needs to carry out reinforcing gathering surface (namely tamping annular weir 13), behind compacting cofferdam, can promote that rainfall or irrigation water collect in annular weir 13.
The catchment object in mima type microrelief region 10 of the above-mentioned abrasive disk type of the present invention mainly promotes that moisture collects to annular weir 13, the moisture major part be pooled in annular weir 13 will through the first anatonosis pipe by near Water Transport to plant rhizosphere, thus promote the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of root system Soil Surrounding, for plant growth provides a good low-salt environment.
The upper end of the first anatonosis pipe 20 of the present invention communicates with described annular weir 13, the lower end of the first anatonosis pipe 20 buried enter abrasive disk type catchment below mima type microrelief region 10 near the region of plant 11 root system, bottom described plant pit, be also equipped with the separation layer 30 communicated with described first anatonosis pipe 20 lower end, in described separation layer 30, be equipped with salt discharge hidden pipe 31.Preferably, described alkaline land improving system also comprises the second anatonosis pipe 21 be vertically positioned at bottom plant pit, and the upper end of described second anatonosis pipe 21 communicates with the lower end of described many first anatonosis pipes 20, and the lower end of the second anatonosis pipe 21 is arranged in separation layer 30 at least partly.Thus partially, part first anatonosis pipe 20 and the second anatonosis pipe 21 form " Y " font structure.
Anatonosis pipe of the present invention preferably by bottom and side-wall hole and the pvc pipe that inside is filled with sand form, and the tube wall of described pvc pipe has some through holes, the particle diameter of sand is greater than the aperture of described through hole; Particularly, in the present embodiment, the diameter of pvc pipe is 5 ~ 20cm, and pipe thickness is 1 ~ 5mm.On tube wall, the aperture of through hole is 0.1 ~ 0.5cm, pitch of holes 5 ~ 10cm, and more preferably, the pitch of holes bottom described first anatonosis pipe 20 is less than the pitch of holes on top.Anatonosis pipe of the present invention and abrasive disk type mima type microrelief region 10 of catchmenting cooperatively interacts, and anatonosis pipe can promote that the moisture that annular weir is collected is migrated downwards, accelerates the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process of soil.
Further, wormcast and native soil, in the space that described half arc mound 12 and the first anatonosis pipe 20 surround, mix according to volume ratio 1:12 ~ 20 and backfill by the present invention, form microcell and to improve the soil region 14.
As everyone knows, saline-alkali soil generally has the features such as soil structure difference, nutrient is low, available moisture content is few, soil ecosystem is fragile, wormcast and local soil is mixed according to ratio of the present invention and backfills, significantly can improve the physicochemical structure of soil.
The effect of wormcast mainly contains following 3 points: the quantity that 1. can increase soil porosity and aggregate, improves soil structure, has good air capacity of soils, water penetration and high water retention capacity.2. a large amount of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and humus etc. are not only rich in wormcast, also be rich in 16 kinds of necessary nutritive elements of plant growth and there is stimulating plant growing plants hormone, having the growth of plant and the quality of raising crop and obviously act on.3. wormcast has very large specific surface area, become the attachment carrier of many microorganisms, containing a large amount of multiple-microorganism group such as a large amount of bacterium, ammonification bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, fungi etc. in wormcast, and reproduction speed is doubled and redoubled, become the decomposition center of soil, be conducive to decomposition and the conversion of the soil organic matter.Therefore wormcast can be improved soil structure as alkaline land soil improvement matrix, increase the effect of soil nutrient, water conservation and the activating soil ecosystem.
In addition, the separation layer 30 bottom plant pit of the present invention is made up of the graded broken stone layer that 15 ~ 30cm is thick, described separation layer 30 is equipped with the geotextiles of 0.5 ~ 1mm as filter course.
Separation layer 30 object be break soil hollow billet space, suppress moisture in salt deposit underlying soil upwards to be migrated, thus reduce the object of topsoil salification.
And be laid on separation layer 30 salt discharge hidden pipe 31 and play direct effect and booster action in the present invention.1. direct effect: lowering of watertable, prevents the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil; 2. booster action: will fully dissolve soil salt and the water body permeated the ground is drained by pipeline, thus reach the object effectively reducing soil salt content.
Present invention also offers the saline and alkali land improvement method that the afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down evaporation, described saline and alkali land improvement method comprises the steps:
A, in strand, the underground of primary saline-alkali soil builds salt discharge hidden pipe network, and salt discharge hidden pipe 31 is apart from ground 1 ~ 2m; Preferably, the diameter of described salt discharge hidden pipe 31 is 60 ~ 110mm, tube wall perforate, and around coated non-woven fabrics or commercially available diameter are 60 ~ 110mm blind pipe.
B, on salt discharge hidden pipe 31 lay 15 ~ 30cm graded broken stone layer thus formed separation layer 30, the particle diameter of its medium stone is 5 ~ 30mm, after having spread rubble, lays the geotextiles of one deck 0.5 ~ 1mm on separation layer 30 top layer;
C, backfill original soil, arrange landform;
D, be applicable to the plant pit of trees specification according to seeds excavation, and retain the native soil of excavation plant pit gained;
E, wormcast to be mixed according to volume ratio 1:12 ~ 20 with native soil, form backfill soil;
F, in the center of plant pit, the second anatonosis pipe filling up sand vertically to be inserted the inner and righting of separation layer;
G, the backfill soil in step D to be backfilled in plant pit, and to be filled to the top of the second anatonosis pipe.
H, the seeds with certain salt resistance are put into plant pit;
I, the first anatonosis pipe made tiltedly is positioned over root system or native ball middle and lower part and reclaimed soil E in plant pit, after plantation trees, form abrasive disk type and to catchment mima type microrelief region;
J, pouring of pouring water, the salinity in drip washing original soil.The operation principle of technique scheme of the present invention and the course of work are:
The present invention can the one-way movement of soil moisture control, i.e. rainfall or impel moisture to collect in annular weir 13 by abrasive disk type mima type microrelief region 10 of catchmenting when irrigating, the soil moisture come together in annular weir 13 farthest can be dissolved by the first anatonosis pipe 20 and clean the salinity near root system in soil, and the salt solution be finally leached accelerates migration downwards through the second anatonosis pipe 21 and takes away through the salt solution of salt discharge hidden pipe 31 by drip washing; When spring, evaporation discharge was large, the existence of separation layer 30 and salt discharge hidden pipe 31 farthest can suppress again the upwards migration of underground water, thus reduces topsoil polysalt.The physicochemical property of soil not only can be improved using wormcast as Soil improvement matrix, can also the activating soil ecosystem, promote the growth of plant.Therefore, the present invention can be widely used in the improvement of coastal region moderate and the above salinization soil of moderate.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or carry out equivalent replacement to portion of techniques feature; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope of request of the present invention protection.
Claims (8)
1. a local afflux anatonosis presses down the alkaline land improving system of evaporating, it is characterized in that: described alkaline land improving system comprises catchment mima type microrelief region (10) and putting of abrasive disk type and is embedded in abrasive disk type and catchments many first anatonosis pipes (20) of below, mima type microrelief region (10), described abrasive disk type mima type microrelief region (10) of catchmenting comprises and to be arranged in plant pit and for half arc mound (12) of planting plants (11), described half arc mound (12) is above ground level at least partly, and annular weir (13) is offered around half arc mound (12), the upper end of described first anatonosis pipe (20) communicates with described annular weir (13), the lower end of the first anatonosis pipe (20) buried enter abrasive disk type catchment below, mima type microrelief region (10) near the region of plant (11) root system, the separation layer (30) communicated with described first anatonosis pipe (20) lower end is also equipped with bottom described plant pit, salt discharge hidden pipe (31) is equipped with in described separation layer (30), the diameter of described first anatonosis pipe (20) is 5 ~ 20cm, and pipe thickness is 1 ~ 5mm.
2. alkaline land improving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first anatonosis pipe (20) by bottom and side-wall hole and the pvc pipe that inside is filled with sand form, and the tube wall of described pvc pipe has some through holes, the particle diameter of sand is greater than the aperture of described through hole.
3. alkaline land improving system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the pitch of holes of described first anatonosis pipe (20) bottom is less than the pitch of holes on top.
4. alkaline land improving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the space that described half arc mound (12) and the first anatonosis pipe (20) surround, wormcast and native soil mixed according to volume ratio 1:12 ~ 20 and backfills, forming microcell and to improve the soil region (14).
5. alkaline land improving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the separation layer (30) bottom described plant pit is made up of the graded broken stone layer that 15 ~ 30cm is thick, described separation layer (30) is equipped with the geotextiles of 0.5 ~ 1mm as filter course.
6. alkaline land improving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described alkaline land improving system also comprises the second anatonosis pipe (21) be vertically positioned at bottom plant pit, the upper end of described second anatonosis pipe (21) communicates with the lower end of described many first anatonosis pipes (20), and the lower end of the second anatonosis pipe (21) is arranged in separation layer (30) at least partly.
7. local afflux anatonosis presses down a saline and alkali land improvement method for evaporation, it is characterized in that: described saline and alkali land improvement method comprises the steps:
A, in strand, the underground of primary saline-alkali soil builds salt discharge hidden pipe network, and salt discharge hidden pipe (31) is apart from ground 1 ~ 2m;
B, the upper laying 15 ~ 30cm of salt discharge hidden pipe (31) graded broken stone layer thus form separation layer (30), the particle diameter of its medium stone is 5 ~ 30mm, after having spread rubble, lay the geotextiles of one deck 0.5 ~ 1mm on separation layer (30) top layer;
C, backfill original soil, arrange landform;
D, be applicable to the plant pit of trees specification according to seeds excavation, and retain the native soil of excavation plant pit gained;
E, wormcast to be mixed according to volume ratio 1:12 ~ 20 with native soil, form backfill soil;
F, in the center of plant pit, the second anatonosis pipe filling up sand vertically to be inserted the inner and righting of separation layer;
G, the backfill soil in step D to be backfilled in plant pit, and to be filled to the top of the second anatonosis pipe;
H, the seeds of salt resistance are put into plant pit;
I, by backfill soil in the middle and lower part of root system or native ball and in refilling step E of the first anatonosis pipe slant setting of making in plant pit, after plantation trees, form abrasive disk type and to catchment mima type microrelief region;
J, pouring of pouring water, the salinity in drip washing original soil.
8. saline and alkali land improvement method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the diameter of described salt discharge hidden pipe (31) is 60 ~ 110mm, tube wall perforate, around coated non-woven fabrics.
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| CN104855202A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Plant reconstruction method in northern loess gully region under high intensity mining |
| CN105230416B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-08-10 | 福建省春天生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Coastal Sandy Land arbor implantation methods |
| CN106376264B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-10-09 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system and modification method |
| CN109892058A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-18 | 京蓝北方园林（天津）有限公司 | A kind of method of the secondary improvement of soil in coastal region road dividing strip |
| CN109168381A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-11 | 中国矿业大学 | The ground plane apertures conflux of prevention and treatment Soil Dried Layer enters infiltration method |
| CN113330971B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-05-13 | 天津泰达绿化科技集团有限公司 | Heavy saline and alkaline land tree planting system based on water and salt migration principle |
| CN114467404B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-03-14 | 河海大学 | Circular soil improvement and planting method by using micro-topography and native salt-tolerant plants |
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