WO2023145820A1 - Fibres de rayonne ignifuges, leur procédé de production, filé les mettant en œuvre et tricot - Google Patents

Fibres de rayonne ignifuges, leur procédé de production, filé les mettant en œuvre et tricot Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023145820A1
WO2023145820A1 PCT/JP2023/002424 JP2023002424W WO2023145820A1 WO 2023145820 A1 WO2023145820 A1 WO 2023145820A1 JP 2023002424 W JP2023002424 W JP 2023002424W WO 2023145820 A1 WO2023145820 A1 WO 2023145820A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
flame
spun yarn
less
rayon fiber
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PCT/JP2023/002424
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
伏谷重雄
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ダイワボウレーヨン株式会社
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Publication of WO2023145820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023145820A1/fr

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flame-retardant rayon fiber, a method for producing the same, and a spun yarn and knitted fabric using the same.
  • flame-retardant and flame-resistant fibers are used.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,900,003 discloses core spun yarns with fiberglass as the core of the flame resistant filament and cotton, polyester, rayon, wool, nylon, acrylic, modacrylic, acetate, or blends thereof as the sheath of the staple fiber.
  • a formed flame resistant textile fabric is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 2 a viscose stock solution obtained by mixing an alkaline solution containing silicon dioxide and viscose is regenerated into cellulose in an acidic bath to obtain cellulose fibers containing silicon dioxide in the form of polysilicic acid, and aluminum
  • a flame retardant viscose rayon is disclosed in which the polysilicic acid contains aluminum silicate sites by treatment with a compound containing
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a flame-retardant cloth woven with yarns based on silicic acid-containing rayon fibers.
  • JP-A-2-269881 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-506629 JP-A-8-74141
  • the present invention provides a flameproof rayon fiber that has good flameproof performance, high single fiber strength, and is capable of forming a spun yarn having high strength, a method for producing the same, and use thereof. To provide spun yarns and knitted fabrics.
  • the present invention relates to a flame-retardant rayon fiber, wherein the flame-retardant rayon fiber contains silicate in the fiber, and the single fiber fineness of the flame-retardant rayon fiber is 0.5 dtex or more and 2.9 dtex or less. and a flame-retardant rayon fiber, wherein the unevenness of the flame-retardant rayon fiber in its transverse cross section, which is determined by the following formula 1, satisfies at least one of the following requirements (1) and (2).
  • Unevenness L 2 / (4 ⁇ x S) (In the above formula 1, L indicates the perimeter of the cross section, and S indicates the area of the cross section.) (1) The average unevenness is 2.10 or less. (2) 40% or more of the fibers have an unevenness of less than 2.0;
  • a solution containing a silicate is added to a viscose undiluted solution so that the silicate is 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less with respect to the mass of cellulose in terms of SiO 2 to produce silicate-added viscose.
  • the present invention relates to a spun yarn containing 70% by mass or more of the flame-retardant rayon fiber.
  • the present invention relates to a knitted fabric containing the spun yarn.
  • the present invention can provide a flame-retardant rayon fiber that has good flame-retardant performance, high single fiber strength, and can form a spun yarn having high strength.
  • the present invention can also provide a spun yarn having good flame retardancy and excellent single yarn tenacity and a knitted fabric containing the same. According to the production method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain flame-retardant rayon fibers that have good flame-retardant performance, high single fiber strength, and can form spun yarns with high strength.
  • FIG. 1 is a microscopic image of a cross section of the rayon fiber of Example 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a microscopic image of a cross section of the rayon fiber of Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a microscopic image of a cross section of the rayon fiber of Comparative Example 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a microscopic image of a cross section of the rayon fiber of Reference Example 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an image of the side surface of the spun yarn of Example 2 observed with a microscope.
  • 4 is a microscopic image of the side surface of the spun yarn of Comparative Example 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a microscopic image of the side surface of the spun yarn of Comparative Example 4.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view image of a spun yarn illustrating the diameter of the spun yarn.
  • the term "flameproofness” means flame barrier properties, and refers to properties obtained by leaving a vitreous skeleton during combustion. Specifically, it is the ability to have a short afterflame time and a small carbonized area even when a flame is applied. Due to this performance, for example, even if a cigarette falls on the bed while smoking in bed, the cigarette only burns and does not spread. Since the flame-retardant rayon fiber of one or more embodiments of the present invention contains a silicate in the rayon fiber, the silicate-derived vitreous skeleton remains when burned, and exhibits excellent flame-retardant properties.
  • the inventors of the present invention made extensive studies on increasing the single fiber strength of rayon fibers while maintaining flame resistance by incorporating silicates into the rayon fibers. As a result, it was found that the single fiber strength of the rayon fiber is improved by reducing the unevenness of the fiber surface while reducing the single fiber fineness of the rayon fiber.
  • a silicate-added viscose solution obtained by adding a predetermined amount of silicate to a viscose stock solution is extruded from a nozzle into a spinning bath containing sulfuric acid, and spun to a fine fineness, thereby reducing unevenness on the fiber surface.
  • the inventors have found that a rayon fiber with a high density is obtained.
  • the fineness of the single fiber is reduced, the number of fibers constituting the yarn is increased, and the unevenness of the fiber surface is small, so when processed into spun yarn, the convergence of the fibers is improved.
  • the single yarn strength of since the rayon fiber has less unevenness on the fiber surface, the convergence of the fibers in the spun yarn is improved, so that the yarn density tends to increase and the porosity of the yarn tends to decrease.
  • the spun yarn has a high yarn density, that is, the air layer inside the yarn is small, and the amount of air used for combustion tends to be suppressed. Since the density of the layer is also improved, it was found that it is preferable as a material for flameproof fabrics.
  • the flame-retardant rayon fiber is a rayon fiber containing silicate kneaded into the fiber, and is amorphous like ordinary viscose rayon, but ordinary viscose It has a cross section without the fine unevenness seen in rayon.
  • the cross section of the flameproof rayon fiber has an average unevenness of 2.10 or less (requirement 1), and fibers with an unevenness of less than 2.0 account for 40% or more (requirement 2). Satisfy at least one.
  • the unevenness of the cross section of the flameproof rayon fiber is determined by the following formula 1 based on the perimeter (L) and area (S) of the cross section.
  • Requirement 2 can be calculated by randomly selecting 30 or more fibers.
  • the flame-retardant rayon fiber has an average unevenness of 2.10 or less, the convergence of the fibers is improved during spinning, and the resulting spun yarn tends to have a high yarn density and a low porosity.
  • a knitted fabric exhibiting excellent flame resistance can be obtained.
  • the average unevenness of the flameproof rayon fiber is preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.9 or less.
  • the lower limit of the average unevenness of the flame-retardant rayon fiber is not particularly limited, but it may be 1.3 or more because if the unevenness is reduced to a certain extent, the above-mentioned effect cannot be expected to be improved.
  • the proportion of flame-retardant rayon fibers having an unevenness of less than 2.0 is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 75%. % or more.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of fibers having an irregularity of less than 2.0 in the flameproof rayon fibers is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of spinnability, it may be 100% or less or 95% or less.
  • the proportion of fibers having an unevenness of less than 1.75 in the flameproof rayon fibers is 5% or more. More preferably, the proportion of fibers with an irregularity of less than 1.75 is 10% or more, and even more preferably, the proportion of fibers with an irregularity of less than 1.75 is 15% or more.
  • the ratio of fibers with a degree of unevenness of less than 1.75 is high, the convergence of the fibers during spinning tends to be improved, and the yarn density of the spun yarn obtained tends to be high and the porosity is low, resulting in excellent flame resistance in the flammability test. It is possible to obtain a knitted fabric exhibiting elasticity.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of fibers having a roughness of less than 1.75 in the flameproof rayon fibers is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of spinnability, it may be 50% or less or 45% or less.
  • the ratio of fibers having a degree of unevenness exceeding 3.0 in the flameproof rayon fibers is 3% or less. More preferably, the proportion of fibers with a degree of unevenness exceeding 3.0 is 1% or less, and even more preferably, no fibers with a degree of unevenness exceeding 3.0 are included. If there is a large proportion of fibers with a degree of unevenness exceeding 3.0, the resulting spun yarn tends to have a low yarn density and a high porosity.
  • the flameproof rayon fiber has a single fiber fineness of 0.5 dtex or more and 2.9 dtex or less, preferably 1.0 dtex or more and 2.1 dtex or less, more preferably 1.2 dtex or more and 1.9 dtex or less. If the single fiber fineness is less than 0.5 dtex, the single fiber strength for maintaining the strength of the spun yarn and knitted fabric is insufficient, and if the single fiber fineness exceeds 2.9 dtex, the unevenness of the fiber surface increases and the yarn density decreases. Since it decreases and the porosity increases, it may work against the flammability test. In addition, the reduction in the number of single fibers constituting the spun yarn may reduce the strength of the single yarn.
  • the single fiber fineness of flameproof rayon fibers can be measured according to JIS L 1015:2010.
  • the flameproof rayon fiber preferably has an ash content of 10% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less, more preferably 14% by mass or more and 21% by mass or less.
  • ash is an inorganic matter that remains as a residue after incineration of organic matter at high temperatures, and is correlated with the silicate content. If the ash content is less than 10% by mass, the barrier layer may not be sufficiently formed during combustion, resulting in poor flameproof performance. be. Furthermore, if the ash content exceeds 25% by mass, the unevenness of the fiber surface becomes large, the yarn density tends to decrease, and the porosity tends to increase, which may be disadvantageous in the flammability test.
  • the ash content of flameproof rayon fibers can be measured according to JIS L 1015:2010 8.20.
  • the silicon content of the flameproof rayon fiber is preferably 2% by mass or more and 19% by mass or less, preferably 3% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less, as measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis. More preferably, it is 4% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.
  • the flameproof rayon fiber preferably has a standard tensile strength (dry strength) of 1.3 cN/dtex or more, more preferably 1.4 cN/dtex or more, from the viewpoint of enhancing the barrier function during combustion. It is preferably 1.5 cN/dtex or more, and particularly preferably 1.5 cN/dtex or more.
  • the wet tensile strength (wet strength) is preferably 0.7 cN/dtex or more, more preferably 0.8 cN/dtex or more, and particularly preferably 0.9 cN/dtex or more. .
  • the upper limits of the dry strength and wet strength of the flame-retardant rayon fiber are not particularly limited. The strength may be 1.0 cN/dtex or less.
  • the dry strength and wet strength of flameproof rayon fibers can be measured according to JIS L 1015:2010.
  • the flame-retardant rayon fiber retains the useful physical properties generally possessed by rayon, which is regenerated cellulose, such as biodegradability, water absorption, hygroscopicity, antistatic properties, and thermal stability.
  • Rayon which is the main component of flame-retardant rayon fibers, is biodegradable and is decomposed in 1 to 3 months, for example, when buried in the ground.
  • the other components other than rayon are mainly silicates (for example, sodium silicate), the flameproof rayon fiber is a fiber with less load on the environment.
  • the flame-retardant rayon fibers are not particularly limited, but can be made, for example, as follows.
  • a silicate-containing viscose solution is prepared by adding a solution containing a silicate to a viscose stock solution so that the silicate is 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less relative to the mass of cellulose in terms of SiO 2 .
  • the silicate compound-added viscose solution is extruded from a nozzle into a spinning bath containing sulfuric acid, and spun so that the single fiber fineness is 0.5 dtex or more and 2.9 dtex or less, to produce a silicate-containing rayon fiber.
  • a predetermined amount of silicate and adjusting the fiber to a predetermined fineness it is possible to obtain a rayon fiber with reduced irregularities on the fiber surface.
  • viscose stock solution one having a general composition may be prepared, and is not particularly limited.
  • a viscose undiluted solution or the like containing 1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less of carbon can be used.
  • the spinning bath may be an acidic spinning bath containing sulfuric acid, and is not particularly limited. For example, 110 g/liter or more and 170 g/liter or less of sulfuric acid, 10 g/liter or more and 30 g/liter or less of zinc sulfate, and 150 g/liter of sodium sulfate. A Mueller bath or the like containing more than or equal to 350 g/liter or less can be used. Moreover, the temperature of the spinning bath is not particularly limited, and may be set to, for example, 45° C. or higher and 65° C. or lower.
  • the content of silicate is in the range of 10% by mass to 40% by mass, preferably 15% by mass to 35% by mass, in terms of SiO 2 , based on the mass of cellulose contained in the viscose stock solution.
  • Silicates are assumed to react with sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) in the spinning bath to convert to SiO 2 (but polymer), so the SiO 2 equivalent was used.
  • silicate for example, a silicate containing an alkali metal can be used, and as a solution containing a silicate, for example, an aqueous solution of a silicate containing an alkali metal can be used.
  • silicates containing alkali metals include sodium silicate.
  • a silicate-added viscose solution is prepared by adding an aqueous solution of sodium silicate to a viscose stock solution so that the sodium silicate is 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less with respect to the mass of cellulose in terms of SiO 2 . be able to.
  • the aqueous solution of sodium silicate may contain sodium hydroxide.
  • the sodium silicate for example, No. 3 sodium silicate (JIS K 1408) can be used.
  • a nozzle having a hole number of 1000 or more and 20000 or less and having a circular hole shape can be used.
  • a normal circular nozzle having a circular hole with a hole diameter of 0.05 mm or more and 0.12 mm or less may be used as the nozzle.
  • the spinning speed is preferably in the range of 30 m/min or more and 80 m/min or less. Further, the stretching rate is preferably 30% or more and 55% or less.
  • the drawing ratio indicates how high the sliver speed after drawing is when the sliver speed before drawing is 100.
  • the magnification is 1 before stretching and 1.30 to 1.55 times after stretching.
  • the value of V2/V1 (hereinafter referred to as “Jet Draft ratio”) is set to 1.20 to 1.80. , preferably 1.25 to 1.60.
  • the Jet Draft rate By setting the Jet Draft rate within the above range, it is possible to reduce unevenness at a given fineness, maintain the strength and texture of the rayon fiber, and produce a rayon fiber with good flame resistance. If the Jet Draft ratio is less than 1.20, the tension applied to the yarn at the exit of the nozzle hole becomes weak, so that the surface is formed with a large fiber diameter, and the subsequent desolvation causes unevenness on the fiber surface. tend to increase. This tendency tends to be remarkable when the fineness is large. On the other hand, when the Jet Draft ratio exceeds 1.80, the diameter of the fiber drawn from the nozzle hole becomes excessively thin, which adversely affects spinnability.
  • the obtained long fiber bundle of rayon fibers may be cut into a predetermined length and scouring treatment may be performed.
  • the scouring step can be carried out in the order of hot water treatment, hydrosulfurization treatment, bleaching and pickling in the usual manner. After that, excess water is removed by a method such as compression rollers or vacuum suction, if necessary.
  • the long fiber bundle of the obtained rayon fiber or the fiber (raw cotton) cut to a predetermined length is treated with a magnesium-containing solution, an aluminum-containing solution, or sodium. It can be treated using at least one solution selected from solutions containing Alternatively, a fiber structure such as a spun yarn or knitted fabric, which will be described later, may be prepared and then treated with the solution. By performing such a treatment, washing durability and flame retardancy can be imparted in addition to flame resistance.
  • the spun yarn is a flame-retardant spun yarn containing 70% by mass or more of flame-retardant rayon fibers. If the content of the flame-retardant rayon fiber is less than 70% by mass, sufficient flame-retardant and flame-retardant performance cannot be obtained. may not be satisfied.
  • the spun yarn may contain other fibers in addition to the flame retardant rayon fibers. Examples of other fibers include cellulosic fibers and synthetic fibers other than the flameproof rayon fibers described above. As other fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers may be used from the viewpoint of thread strength.
  • the flameproofness it is preferable to use other fibers that have undergone flameproofing or flame-retardant processing.
  • the content of the flame-retardant rayon fiber is high, the biodegradability is high and it is environmentally friendly.
  • the spun yarn preferably has a single filament strength of 1.47 N (150 gf) or more, more preferably 1.57 N (160 gf) or more, and even more preferably 1.62 N (165 gf) or more.
  • the strength of the knitted fabric obtained by using the spun yarn having the single yarn tenacity in the above range is high, and the flame resistance is improved.
  • the upper limit of the single yarn strength of the spun yarn is not particularly limited, it may be 3.23 N (330 gf) or less, for example, considering the productivity of the spun yarn. According to JIS L 1015:2010, it can be measured as described later.
  • the spun yarn preferably has a porosity of 60% or less, more preferably 55% or less. If flameproof rayon fibers whose unevenness does not satisfy requirement 1 or requirement 2 are used to obtain a spun yarn having a porosity of 60% or more, it is necessary to increase the number of twists. Due to insufficient single fiber strength, sufficient single fiber strength cannot be obtained due to single fiber breakage during spinning.
  • the porosity of the spun yarn can be measured as described below.
  • the spun yarn is not particularly limited, it preferably has an elongation of 10.0% or more, more preferably 10.5% or more, from the viewpoint of spinnability.
  • the upper limit of the elongation of the spun yarn is not particularly limited, it may be 15% or less, for example, considering the productivity of the spun yarn.
  • the elongation of the spun yarn can be measured according to JIS L 1015:2010.
  • the count of the spun yarn is preferably 10s or more and 50s or less, more preferably 20s or more and 30s or less, in English cotton count, from the viewpoint of enabling a fiber structure to exhibit flameproof performance in the intended use. is more preferable.
  • the count of the spun yarn can be measured according to JIS L 1015:2010.
  • the fiber length of the flameproof rayon fiber is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of practicality, for example, it is preferably 24 mm or more and 76 mm or less, more preferably 28 mm or more and 55 mm or less, and 32 mm or more and 54 mm. More preferably:
  • the method of spinning the spun yarn may be ring spinning or air spinning.
  • spun yarn is obtained by an air spinning machine (open-end type)
  • spun yarn with good single yarn strength can be obtained, so it is not necessary to supplement the yarn strength by blending other materials.
  • spun yarn is obtained by a ring spinning machine
  • high single yarn strength is obtained by blending with other materials, and the spun yarn has high yarn density and low porosity, so it has good flameproof performance. It is preferable in that it can be obtained.
  • the method for obtaining the spun yarn can be appropriately selected from the viewpoint of ensuring the strength of the single yarn, the basis weight of the knitted fabric, and the basis weight corresponding to the combustibility test. Even when flame-retardant rayon fibers are used alone, the spun yarn is preferably an open-end spun yarn from the viewpoint of high single yarn strength.
  • the knitted fabric is a flame retardant knitted fabric comprising a flame retardant rayon fiber-containing spun yarn.
  • the content of the flameproof rayon fiber is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and even more preferably 100% by mass. Flame and flame retardant properties are improved, making it easier to meet the standards in the flammability test (16 CFR 1633 Mattress and Mattress Pad Flammability Test).
  • the knitted fabric may be single-ply knitted cotton sheeting or slice knitting (also called rib knitting), pique knitting, mesh knitting, and fleece knitting, which are modified single-ply knitting, or double-sided knitting. Smooth knitting, cardboard knitting and waffle knitting may also be used.
  • the basis weight of the knitted fabric is not particularly limited, it is preferably 120 g/m 2 or more and 250 g/m 2 or less, and 160 g/m 2 or more and 220 g/m 2 or less from the viewpoint of flameproof performance (barrier property) and cost. is more preferable.
  • the knitted fabric preferably has a total amount of heat release (within 10 minutes from the start of the test) of 15 MJ or less, more preferably 10 MJ or less. , 5 MJ or less.
  • the maximum amount of heat generated is preferably 200 kW or less, more preferably 150 kW or less, even more preferably 100 kW or less, and particularly preferably 50 kW or less.
  • spun yarn and knitted fabric are shown as examples of fiber structures, but examples of fiber structures using the flame-retardant rayon fiber of the present invention include nonwoven fabrics and woven fabrics. Laminates or composites with other fiber structures are also included.
  • the flameproof rayon fiber of the present invention is a rayon fiber with good flameproof properties and single fiber strength.
  • the rayon fiber has good texture and is biodegradable.
  • Utilizing the flameproof properties and fiber strength of the flameproof rayon fiber of the present invention it is processed into woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, etc., such as disaster prevention articles, kitchen fan filters, sheets, pillowcases, bedding mats, and bedding. It is useful for applications such as computer covers, fire screens, interior goods (carpets, chair upholstery, curtains, wallpaper base fabric, wall materials, etc.), and vehicle interior materials (mats, lining fabrics, etc.). It is particularly useful for bed mattress covers.
  • Ash content of fiber Ash content was measured according to JIS L 1015:2010 8.20. Specifically, 1 g of fiber was burned in an electric furnace at 850° C. for 2 hours, and the mass of the component remaining was measured to determine the ash content. Note that the ash content is mass % of the mass of the components remaining when burned with respect to the mass of the fiber excluding moisture.
  • Concavity and convexity of cross-section of fiber The cross-section of the fiber was photographed with a microscope ("VHX-500F" manufactured by KEYENCE) to obtain a cross-section image of the fiber (magnification: 2000).
  • Uneven spun yarn (method A) The yarn unevenness was measured according to JIS L 1095:2010 9.20.2A method. The measurement was performed five times using a yarn unevenness tester, and the 100 percent (U%) of the average unevenness deviation was obtained from the average value. (9) Uneven spun yarn (IPI method) The yarn unevenness was measured according to JIS L 1095:2010 9.20.2B method. A yarn unevenness tester with a defect number display device was used for the measurement, and the number of thick unevenness (THIN), thin unevenness (THICK), and nep (Nep) with respect to the average thickness generated per 1000 m of yarn was obtained.
  • THIN thick unevenness
  • THICK thin unevenness
  • Nep nep
  • B is the intersection point of the outermost fiber on the opposite side of the intersection point A across the central axis of the yarn and the perpendicular line Ls.
  • the distance between AB was measured as the warp diameter.
  • Five images of different locations were taken for one sample.
  • Five yarn diameters were determined for each image and used as a representative value for that image.
  • the average value of 5 images was obtained and used as the representative value of the yarn sample.
  • (11) Apparent density of spun yarn The weight per unit length is calculated from the weight of the yarn count (JIS L 1095: 2010 9.4.1 Weight tex and count), and the diameter of the spun yarn measured in (10) was used to calculate the apparent density of the yarn by dividing the weight per unit length by the volume calculated by approximating the cross section of the yarn to a circle.
  • the cross-section of the yarn was photographed with an electron microscope VE-9800 manufactured by KEYENCE at a magnification of 270 times. In order to preserve the cross-sectional shape, it was embedded in epoxy and surfaced with a glass knife using a microtome (Leica EM UC6). Observation was made with an electron microscope VE-9800 manufactured by KEYENCE (magnification: 270 times). (12) Porosity of Spun Yarn The volume Vm of a cylinder having the same specific gravity and the same weight as the fibrous material constituting an arbitrary yarn was calculated.
  • the volume Vy of the spun yarn was calculated by approximating the cross section of the yarn to a circle. Vm was divided by Vy and multiplied by 100 to obtain the ratio of the volume occupied by the fibers in the yarn.
  • the fiber specific gravity described in JIS L 1096:2010 8.11 Apparent specific gravity and pore volume ratio was used for the calculation.
  • (13) Flame resistance Evaluation was made by a 16 CFR 1633 mattress and mattress pad flammability test (hereinafter also simply referred to as "16 CFR 1633 flammability test").
  • Example 1 ⁇ Production of flame-retardant rayon fiber> (1) Production of silicate-added viscose liquid A viscose stock solution containing 8.5% by mass of cellulose, 5.7% by mass of sodium hydroxide and 2.6% by mass of carbon disulfide was prepared. Next, No. 3 sodium silicate and a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and water are added to the prepared viscose stock solution, and the viscose composition becomes 7.2% by mass of cellulose and 7.4% by mass of sodium hydroxide. A sodium silicate-added viscose liquid was obtained by adjusting as follows. The addition rate of sodium silicate was 30% by mass in terms of SiO 2 with respect to the mass of cellulose.
  • the sodium silicate-added viscose solution was spun by a two-bath tension spinning method at a spinning speed of 50 m/min and a draw ratio of 35% to obtain a fiber having a single fiber fineness of about 1.7 dtex.
  • the composition of the first bath was 115 g/liter of sulfuric acid, 15 g/liter of zinc sulfate and 350 g/liter of sodium sulfate, and the temperature was 50°C.
  • the temperature of the second bath (hot water bath) was 85°C.
  • the sodium silicate-added viscose liquid was extruded from a nozzle into a spinning bath and taken up by a take-up roller to produce a rayon long fiber bundle containing sodium silicate.
  • a nozzle having 8000 holes with a hole diameter of 0.05 mm was used as the nozzle.
  • the Jet Draft rate was 1.37.
  • (3) Scouring The above-mentioned long fiber bundle was cut to a fiber length of 38 mm using a cutter and subjected to a scouring treatment. The scouring process was carried out in the order of hot water treatment, bleaching, pickling and water washing. Excess water was removed with a compression roller, and dried in a constant temperature dryer at 60°C for 7 hours.
  • the physical properties of the obtained rayon fiber are single fiber fineness: 1.78 dtex, dry strength: 1.53 cN/dtex, wet strength: 0.81 cN/dtex, dry elongation: 24.7%, and wet elongation: 29.0%. 1%, ash content: 19.8%.
  • the physical properties of the obtained rayon fiber are single fiber fineness: 2.33 dtex, dry strength: 1.24 cN/dtex, wet strength: 0.66 cN/dtex, dry elongation: 26.3%, wet elongation: 31.0%. 2%, ash content: 30.5%.
  • Example 2 ⁇ Production of spun yarn> 100% by mass of the flame-retardant rayon fiber obtained in Example 1 was weighed with a recovery feeder in the cotton blending process and used as a raw material. .
  • 6 slivers were combined to obtain a sliver of 3.07 g/m, and then in the drawing process (second time), 6 slivers were combined to obtain a sliver of 2.72 g/m. made.
  • Spinning was performed by open-end spinning, and spun yarn was produced under the conditions of a rotor of 28,000 rpm, a set twist number of 20.57 turns/inch, and combing type CM-2.
  • the physical properties of the obtained spun yarn were count: 24.17S and single yarn tenacity: 170.8 gf.
  • Example 3 ⁇ Production of spun yarn> The spun yarn is recovered so that the flame-retardant rayon fiber obtained in Example 1 is 70% by mass and the flame-retardant polyester fiber (single fiber fineness 1.4 dtex, fiber length 38 mm) is 30% by mass in the mixed cotton process. Spinning was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the raw material was weighed and mixed with a feeder, and the raw material was received from the recovery feeder in the carding process, and the spinning was performed by ring spinning. A spun yarn blended with flame-retardant polyester fibers was obtained. The physical properties of the obtained flame-retardant rayon/flame-retardant polyester blended yarn were a yarn count of 25.71S and a single filament tenacity of 307.2 gf.
  • Example 4 ⁇ Production of spun yarn> A flameproof rayon/flame-retardant polyester blended yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the count of the yarn was 21S.
  • the physical properties of the obtained flameproof rayon/flame-retardant polyester blended yarn were a yarn count of 21S and a single filament tenacity of 237.5 gf.
  • Example 5 ⁇ Production of knitted fabric> Using the flameproof rayon/flame-retardant polyester blended yarn obtained in Example 4, a knitted fabric having a knitting structure of 1 ⁇ 1 milling and a basis weight of 200 g/m 2 was produced by a circular knitting machine.
  • the flameproof rayon fiber of Example 1 is superior in single fiber strength to the rayon fiber of Comparative Example 1, and as can be seen from Table 3, each fiber was used under the same conditions.
  • the spun yarn of Example 2 using the flame-retardant rayon fiber of Example 1 exhibited superior single yarn strength to the spun yarn of Comparative Example 3 using the rayon fiber of Comparative Example 1. Indicated.
  • Table 2 and cross-sectional images of rayon fibers in FIGS. % or more and has a cross section that does not have the fine unevenness seen in ordinary viscose rayon in Reference Example 1, whereas in Comparative Example 1, no fibers with an unevenness of less than 2.0 are observed.
  • the flameproof rayon fiber of Comparative Example 2 has a higher single fiber strength than the rayon fiber of Comparative Example 1, but the average unevenness in the cross section is 2.0. Less than 40% of the fibers have a roughness greater than 10 and a roughness of less than 2.0.
  • the flame-retardant rayon fiber of Example 1 is characterized by a small profile unevenness in the cross section of the fiber in the lateral direction.
  • the spun yarn of Example 3 which is a blend of the flame-retardant rayon fiber of Example 1 and a synthetic fiber such as flame-retardant polyester, as shown in Table 3, the strength of the single yarn is improved, but heat generation during combustion Since there is a concern that the amount may increase, the mixing ratio of synthetic fibers is preferably 30% by mass or less.
  • the spun yarn of Comparative Example 3 which was produced by ring spinning using the rayon fiber of Comparative Example 1, has a high yarn density as shown in Table 3, but the single fiber strength is low. As shown in Table 3, the resulting spun yarn exhibits physical properties such as low single yarn strength and low elongation due to the fact that single fibers are cut during spinning, and fabric defects occur frequently when knitting knitted fabrics. bottom.
  • the knitted fabric of Example 5 using the spun yarn of Example 4, which is a blend of the flame-retardant rayon fiber of Example 1 and flame-retardant polyester, has a standard value of and exhibited excellent flameproof and flame retardant properties.
  • a flame-retardant rayon fiber comprising: The flameproof rayon fiber contains a silicate in the fiber, The flameproof rayon fiber has a single fiber fineness of 0.5 dtex or more and 2.9 dtex or less, A flame-retardant rayon fiber, in which the cross-section of the flame-retardant rayon fiber satisfies at least one of the following requirements (1) and (2), with a degree of unevenness determined by the following formula 1.
  • Unevenness L 2 / (4 ⁇ x S) (In the above formula 1, L indicates the perimeter of the cross section, and S indicates the area of the cross section.) (1) The average unevenness is 2.10 or less.
  • a silicate-added viscose solution is prepared by adding a solution containing a silicate to a viscose stock solution so that the silicate is 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less based on the mass of cellulose in terms of SiO 2 .
  • a step of preparing A spinning step for obtaining a rayon fiber containing a silicate by extruding the viscose solution containing the silicate compound from a nozzle into a spinning bath containing sulfuric acid and spinning such that the single fiber fineness is 0.5 dtex or more and 2.9 dtex or less.
  • the flameproof rayon fiber of the present invention is a rayon fiber with good flameproof properties and single fiber strength.
  • the rayon fiber has good texture and is biodegradable.
  • Utilizing the flameproof properties and fiber strength of the flameproof rayon fiber of the present invention it is processed into woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, etc., such as disaster prevention articles, kitchen fan filters, sheets, pillowcases, bedding mats, and bedding. It is useful for applications such as covers for homes, fire screens, interior goods (carpets, upholstered chairs, curtains, wallpaper base fabrics, wall materials, etc.), and vehicle interior materials (mats, lining fabrics, etc.). It is particularly useful for bed mattress covers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des fibres de rayonne ayant des propriétés ignifuges. Un silicate est contenu dans les fibres de rayonne ; les fibres de rayonne ont une finesse de fibre unique de 0,5 dtex à 2,9 dtex ; et le degré de rugosité dans une section transversale des fibres de rayonne satisfait au moins l'une des exigences ci-après (1) et (2). (1) Le degré moyen de rugosité est inférieur ou égal à 2,10. (2) La proportion des fibres ayant un degré de rugosité inférieur à 2,0 est supérieure ou égale à 40 %.
PCT/JP2023/002424 2022-01-28 2023-01-26 Fibres de rayonne ignifuges, leur procédé de production, filé les mettant en œuvre et tricot WO2023145820A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007023777A1 (fr) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Daiwabo Co., Ltd. Fibre de rayonne ininflammable et procédé pour la production de celle-ci
JP2008501867A (ja) * 2004-06-02 2008-01-24 サテリ インターナショナル カンパニー リミテッド ケイ酸塩含有繊維の製造法
US20100019213A1 (en) * 2006-12-28 2010-01-28 Sufeng Tian Fire retardant antiflux fiber and its production process
CN102899733A (zh) * 2012-11-12 2013-01-30 唐山三友集团兴达化纤有限公司 硅酸钠盐纤维素纤维及其制备方法
JP2013234405A (ja) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-21 Daiwabo Holdings Co Ltd 放射性核種吸着性再生セルロース繊維、その製造方法、繊維構造物及び濾過材

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008501867A (ja) * 2004-06-02 2008-01-24 サテリ インターナショナル カンパニー リミテッド ケイ酸塩含有繊維の製造法
WO2007023777A1 (fr) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Daiwabo Co., Ltd. Fibre de rayonne ininflammable et procédé pour la production de celle-ci
US20100019213A1 (en) * 2006-12-28 2010-01-28 Sufeng Tian Fire retardant antiflux fiber and its production process
JP2013234405A (ja) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-21 Daiwabo Holdings Co Ltd 放射性核種吸着性再生セルロース繊維、その製造方法、繊維構造物及び濾過材
CN102899733A (zh) * 2012-11-12 2013-01-30 唐山三友集团兴达化纤有限公司 硅酸钠盐纤维素纤维及其制备方法

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