WO2022239710A1 - 即席フライ麺の製造方法及び即席フライ麺 - Google Patents
即席フライ麺の製造方法及び即席フライ麺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022239710A1 WO2022239710A1 PCT/JP2022/019603 JP2022019603W WO2022239710A1 WO 2022239710 A1 WO2022239710 A1 WO 2022239710A1 JP 2022019603 W JP2022019603 W JP 2022019603W WO 2022239710 A1 WO2022239710 A1 WO 2022239710A1
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- noodle strings
- noodle
- noodles
- fried noodles
- raw
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- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 408
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/109—Types of pasta, e.g. macaroni or noodles
- A23L7/113—Parboiled or instant pasta
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/11—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using oil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/109—Types of pasta, e.g. macaroni or noodles
- A23L7/111—Semi-moist pasta, i.e. containing about 20% of moist; Moist packaged or frozen pasta; Pasta fried or pre-fried in a non-aqueous frying medium, e.g. oil; Packaged pasta to be cooked directly in the package
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/15—Inorganic Compounds
- A23V2250/156—Mineral combination
- A23V2250/1578—Calcium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2300/00—Processes
- A23V2300/10—Drying, dehydrating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2300/00—Processes
- A23V2300/24—Heat, thermal treatment
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a method for producing instant fried noodles and instant fried noodles.
- Instant noodles are generally classified into fried noodles (fried noodles) and non-fried noodles (non-fried noodles).
- instant noodles are produced by kneading wheat flour, which is the main raw material, with auxiliary raw materials in a mixer or the like to obtain a dough, producing noodle strings from the dough, steaming the noodle strings, and steaming the noodle strings. including drying.
- Fried noodles are obtained by drying noodle strings in heated oil.
- Non-fried noodles are obtained by hot-air drying, microwave drying, freeze-drying, or cold-drying the noodle strings.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-121629 describes, "A process of adding water to a raw material containing wheat flour, starch, and polysaccharide thickener, kneading to obtain noodle dough, cutting out raw noodle strings, and ⁇ A method for producing fried instant noodles, which has a step of frying the raw noodle strings in oil without performing a hardening step.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-202771 describes, "A process of adding water to the main raw material, kneading to obtain noodle dough, cutting out raw noodle strings, and pregelatinizing the raw noodle strings.
- a method for producing fried instant noodles comprising a step of attaching water to the raw noodle strings, subjecting them to an oil shower treatment, and then immersing them in oil to fry them.
- JP 2018-121629 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-202771
- the present disclosure provides a method for producing instant fried noodles that have a high degree of gelatinization and excellent taste and texture in a method for producing instant fried noodles that includes frying and drying raw noodle strings without steaming them. for the purpose.
- the present inventor compared steam-pregelatinized noodle strings with fried-dried instant noodles, and found that the instant noodles, which were fried-dried without steaming the raw noodle strings, were powdery and insufficiently cooked. It was found that it exhibits a taste and texture like this.
- the inventors of the present invention found that the instant noodles obtained by frying and drying the gelatinized noodle strings by steaming, compared to the instant noodles obtained by frying and drying the raw noodle strings without steaming, showed that the noodle strings swelled more during the frying and drying. It was also found to be less oily and less oily. Based on these findings, the present inventor considered that, when raw noodle strings are fried and dried without being steamed, suppressing swelling of the noodle strings during frying and drying is important for improving taste and texture.
- raw noodle strings need not be steamed by using at least one calcium-containing material selected from the group consisting of calcined calcium and calcium hydroxide as one of the noodle ingredients.
- the moisture contained in the raw noodle strings can be effectively used to increase the degree of gelatinization of instant fried noodles and to suppress swelling of the noodle strings.
- the present inventors have found that as a result of suppressing the swelling of the noodle strings, the oil content of the instant fried noodles can be reduced, thereby further improving the taste.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- [Aspect 1] Obtaining a dough by kneading a noodle raw material containing a main raw material, at least one calcium-containing material selected from the group consisting of calcined calcium and calcium hydroxide, and water; A method of producing instant fried noodles, comprising: cutting raw noodle strings from said dough; and frying and drying said raw noodle strings without steaming said raw noodle strings.
- Aspect 2 The method according to aspect 1, wherein the content of the calcium-containing material in the noodle raw material is 0.05 parts by mass to 0.5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the main raw material.
- FIG. 1 is a photomicrograph of the surface of instant fried noodles of Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a micrograph of the surface of instant fried noodles of Comparative Example 1.
- noodles in the present disclosure includes powder raw materials such as wheat flour and starch as main raw materials, is processed into a linear shape, boiled, boiled, fried, poured with hot water, heated as it is or with water and heated in a microwave oven.
- Means food that becomes edible by cooking such as. Noodles include, for example, udon, kishimen, Chinese noodles, soba, and pasta. Examples of the state of noodles before cooking include raw noodles, semi-raw noodles, dried noodles, steamed noodles, boiled noodles, frozen noodles, and instant noodles.
- “Instant fried noodles” in the present disclosure refer to noodles that are dried by deep-frying until the water content in the noodles reaches about 1% by mass to about 10% by mass, and are boiled in hot water or added with hot water at the time of eating. , or noodles cooked by pouring water and heating in a microwave oven.
- the "cutting strength of instant fried noodles" in the present disclosure refers to the cross-sectional area of 1 mm 2 of noodle strings, which is measured one minute after the completion of rehydration in hot water for three minutes according to the procedure described in the Examples. means the cutting strength (mN/mm 2 ).
- cross-sectional area of the noodle strip in the present disclosure means the area of the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction of the noodle strip.
- a dough is obtained by kneading a noodle raw material containing a main raw material, at least one calcium-containing material selected from the group consisting of calcined calcium and calcium hydroxide, and water. cutting out the raw noodle strings from the dough; and frying and drying the raw noodle strings without steaming the raw noodle strings.
- the calcium-containing material as one of the noodle ingredients
- conventionally known processes in the technical field of instant fried noodles can be used without particular limitations.
- the calcium-containing raw material can increase the moisture content of the dough while maintaining the noodle-making aptitude.
- the moisture contained in the raw noodle strings can be effectively used, and the gelatinization of the noodle strings can be highly promoted only by frying and drying. Since the instant fried noodles of the present disclosure have a high degree of gelatinization, the powderiness and uncooked feeling when eating are eliminated.
- swelling of the noodle strings is suppressed, the density of the noodle strings is high, and together with having a high degree of alpha conversion, the noodle strings are excellent in stiffness and texture.
- noodle raw material for instant fried noodles conventionally known ingredients used for the production of instant fried noodles can be used without particular limitations. Specifically, for example, the main raw materials and auxiliary raw materials described in the "Introduction to New Instant Noodles" supervised by the Japan Instant Food Industry Association, published by Japan Shokuhin Shimbun (1998), paragraphs 52 to 62. can be used.
- Main raw materials include, for example, cereal flour such as wheat flour, buckwheat flour, barley flour, and rice flour.
- the main ingredient may also contain starch.
- the main ingredient contains wheat flour.
- the primary ingredient may further include starch.
- wheat flour examples include ASW (Australian white intermediate wheat, about 10% protein) and HRW (American hard red wheat, about 11% protein).
- optional starch examples include sweet potato starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, waxy corn starch, corn starch, and wheat starch.
- Etherified modified starch, esterified modified starch, crosslinked modified starch, and oxidized modified starch obtained using these starches as raw materials can also be used.
- Preferred starches are tapioca starch, potato starch, waxy corn starch, and modified etherified starch and modified esterified starch thereof.
- Tapioca starch, potato starch, and waxy corn starch have a lower gelatinization initiation temperature than wheat flour and a large amount of water absorption, so they are easily gelatinized during frying and drying. Therefore, the degree of gelatinization of the noodle strings can be effectively increased.
- modified etherified starch include hydroxypropyl starch.
- Esterified modified starches include, for example, starch acetate, starch phosphate, and starch octenylsuccinate.
- the starch may be crosslinked.
- moderately crosslinked starch or highly crosslinked starch it tends to provide a chewier texture when eaten.
- moderately crosslinked starch or highly crosslinked starch it is preferable to adjust other factors (eg, reduce the protein content of the flour).
- the amount used varies depending on the thickness of the desired noodle strings, but is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 40% by mass, based on the mass of the main raw material.
- the amount of starch used may be small, and as the noodles become medium or thick noodles, the amount of starch used may be increased in order to ensure the ability to rehydrate with hot water when eating. preferable.
- the amount of starch used By setting the amount of starch used to 1% by mass or more, it is possible to ensure reconstitution with hot water and texture at the time of eating.
- the amount of starch used By setting the amount of starch used to 50% by mass or less, the stickiness of the noodle sheet during the production of instant fried noodles can be suppressed, and production efficiency can be enhanced.
- the calcium-containing material is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcined calcium and calcium hydroxide.
- calcined calcium refers to a material mainly composed of calcium oxide obtained by calcining lime, shells, eggshells, etc. as raw materials, and calcium phosphate obtained by calcining fish bones, whey, etc. as raw materials. are distinguished.
- Calcium hydroxide may be added from the outside, or may be produced by hydrating calcined calcium with water in the noodle raw material.
- calcined calcium is used to increase the elasticity of the noodle strings of fresh or dried noodles, or to replace brine.
- calcined calcium is used in conventional instant fried noodles produced through steaming and frying processes, the surface of the noodle strings may be burnt (excessive browning) during the drying process due to the high pH of the calcined calcium.
- the surface of the noodle strings is less likely to burn, and the appearance and taste of the noodle strings are at an unacceptable level as a product. The effects of the present disclosure can be obtained without doing so.
- the amount of calcium-containing raw material to be used can be appropriately determined according to the pH of the starch and additives used.
- the amount of the calcium-containing raw material used is 0.05 to 0.5 parts by mass, 0.08 to 0.4 parts by mass, or 0.1 to 0.1 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the main raw material. It can be 0.35 parts by mass.
- the noodle raw material may further contain sub-raw materials.
- Adjunct ingredients include, for example, brine, phosphate, salt, eggs, thermoset proteins, and gluten.
- the secondary raw material may be mixed with the main raw material in the form of powder, or may be dissolved in water and mixed with the main raw material.
- thermocoagulable protein By using heat-coagulable protein as an auxiliary ingredient, the oil content in instant fried noodles can be further reduced. Although not wishing to be bound by any theory, it is believed that the heat-coagulable protein gels or solidifies upon heating, thereby suppressing the penetration of oil into the instant fried noodles during the drying process.
- the thermocoagulable protein may be powder-mixed with the main raw material, or may be dissolved in water and mixed with the main raw material.
- the thermocoagulable protein is preferably in the form of powder that has been subjected to a treatment such as spray drying or freeze-pulverization drying.
- heat-coagulable proteins examples include egg protein (egg white), soy protein, and whey protein concentrate.
- egg protein egg white
- soy protein soy protein
- whey protein concentrate Preferred are egg protein (egg white) and whey protein concentrates, which can effectively reduce oil content due to their high gelling ability.
- thermocoagulable protein is preferably water-soluble.
- a water-soluble heat-coagulable protein such as egg protein (egg white)
- the water content of the dough can be increased, and the gelatinization of the noodle strings can be further promoted.
- thermocoagulable protein used is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 2 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the main raw material.
- the amount of water added to the main raw material and the optional auxiliary raw material is preferably 35 parts by mass to 45 parts by mass based on 100 mass of the main raw material, and more It is preferably 38 parts by mass to 43 parts by mass.
- the water content can be kept at a high level while maintaining the noodle-making aptitude. As a result, the moisture contained in the raw noodle strings can be effectively used, and the gelatinization of the noodle strings can be highly promoted only by frying and drying.
- Dough noodle dough
- a mixing device such as a kneader or a planetary mixer.
- a powdery auxiliary ingredient such as gluten may be premixed with the main ingredient. Salt, brine, etc. may be dissolved in water in advance.
- the density of the dough may be increased by extruding the dough under reduced pressure using an extruder after kneading the noodle ingredients.
- the dough extruded by the extruder may be formed into cylindrical, spherical, flat, or irregularly shaped nodules.
- the extruder that can be used is not particularly limited as long as it can reduce the pressure inside the barrel into which the dough is put.
- the extruder for example, the degassing device in the dough manufacturing apparatus described in JP-A-61-132132 can be preferably used.
- Reduced-pressure extrusion can be performed by applying pressure to the dough in an extruder under a reduced pressure of 70 kPa to 101 kPa.
- the hole diameter (maximum diameter) of the die attached to the extruder can be 20 mm to 50 mm.
- the shape of the die hole is not particularly limited. Die hole shapes include, for example, circular, oval, triangular, and rectangular shapes.
- the length of the nodules along the direction of extrusion can be, for example, 20 mm to 300 mm.
- vacuum extrusion may directly extrude the noodle strips.
- Raw noodle strings are cut out from the dough generally by processing the dough into a sheet having a thickness suitable for cutting out the noodle strings to form a noodle band, and cutting the obtained noodle band using a noodle band cutting device. Including cutting and slicing into raw noodle strings.
- the dough is passed through rolling rolls to form a sheet-like coarse noodle strip, two or three coarse noodle strips are stacked by a multifunction machine, and passed through the next rolling roll to reduce the thickness to a predetermined thickness, thereby forming a noodle strip.
- a noodle strip can be formed. Anything known as a compound machine and rolling rolls can be used.
- the thickness of the noodle strip may be any thickness suitable for cutting raw noodle strings, and can be, for example, 0.5 mm to 10 mm.
- Raw noodle strings can be formed by cutting the noodle strips using a noodle string cutting device.
- a known noodle string cutting device can be used.
- the cutting edge includes, for example, a round edge and a square edge.
- the width of the raw noodle strings can be, for example, 1 mm to 10 mm.
- the thickness of the raw noodle strings can be, for example, 0.5 mm to 10 mm.
- the raw noodle strings are fried and dried without being steamed.
- Fried tofu drying is generally performed by cutting raw noodle strings into unit amounts for eating, filling a retainer (basket) with the cut raw noodle strings, covering the retainer with a lid, and opening a retainer containing the raw noodle strings. It is done by immersion in heated oil. According to the present disclosure, fried tofu drying may be performed in a shorter time because there is no excess moisture attached or absorbed by the noodle strings during steaming.
- oils used for frying and drying include palm oil, lard oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, and blends of two or more of these.
- the temperature for drying fried tofu is preferably 140°C or higher, more preferably 145°C or higher, and even more preferably 148°C or higher.
- the temperature for frying and drying is preferably 165°C or lower, more preferably 160°C or lower.
- the raw noodle strings that are not steamed are deep-fried and dried, so that the main ingredients contained in the noodle ingredients are highly gelatinized at the same time as the raw noodle strings are dried. Therefore, by setting the temperature for frying and drying to a high temperature from the initial stage when the raw noodle strings contain a large amount of water, the gelatinization of the noodle strings can be efficiently promoted, and the frying and drying time can be shortened.
- the time for performing fried tofu drying at a temperature lower than the preferred temperature range is preferably 10 seconds or less, preferably 5 seconds or less. In one embodiment, the time for frying to dry below 140° C. is 10 seconds or less, preferably 5 seconds or less.
- Adhesion of water can be performed using a spray, a brush, or the like.
- the amount of water attached is preferably 2 parts by mass to 8 parts by mass, more preferably 3 parts by mass to 6 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of raw noodle strings.
- the fried tofu drying is performed until the water content of the noodle strings is preferably 1% to 10% by mass, more preferably 2% to 5% by mass.
- the oil content may be reduced by centrifugation or the like, or the instant fried noodles may be forcibly cooled using a fan, air compressor, or the like.
- Instant fried noodles of one embodiment contain at least one calcium-containing material selected from the group consisting of calcined calcium and calcium hydroxide, have a degree of alpha conversion of 70% to 86%, and have an oil content of 18% to 28% by mass. % by mass.
- the degree of alpha conversion in the present disclosure is determined by the second glucoamylase method using glucoamylase from Toyobo Co., Ltd. as an enzyme. Oil content is determined by the method described in the Examples.
- the instant fried noodles have a degree of gelatinization of 70% or more, preferably 72% or more, and more preferably 75% or more.
- the degree of gelatinization of the instant fried noodles is 86% or less, preferably 84% or less, more preferably 82% or less.
- the instant fried noodles have a degree of gelatinization of 86% or less, it is possible to prevent the noodle strings from sticking excessively to each other and ensure that the noodle strings are loosened during eating.
- the instant fried noodles have an oil content of 18% to 28% by mass.
- the oil content of instant fried noodles is preferably 26% by mass or less, more preferably 25% by mass or less.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Sa of the surface of the instant fried noodles of one embodiment is 2 ⁇ m to 5.3 ⁇ m.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Sa is determined by the method described in Examples.
- the instant fried noodles of this embodiment have a lower surface roughness than conventional instant fried noodles obtained by frying and drying raw noodle strings that have been gelatinized by steaming.
- the reason why the surface roughness of the instant fried noodles of this embodiment is small is that the raw noodle strings are not steamed, so the surface of the noodle strings before being fried and dried.
- the content of the calcium-containing material in the instant fried noodles of one embodiment is 0.057% by mass to 0.57% by mass.
- the method for producing instant fried noodles and the instant fried noodles of the present disclosure can be used in various product forms, such as a stew type that is boiled in hot water, a cup type that pours hot water at the time of eating. Since excellent taste and texture can be obtained even with a small amount of heat, the method for producing instant fried noodles and the instant fried noodles of the present disclosure can be advantageously applied to a cup type in which hot water is added at the time of eating.
- Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 The following tests were performed to compare conventional steamed instant fried noodles with non-steamed instant fried noodles. 8 kg of wheat flour (9.5 mass% protein), 2 kg of tapioca starch (DS 0.02), 30 g of salt, 10 g of sodium carbonate, and 30 g of phosphate, based on 100 parts by mass of the main ingredients (total of wheat flour and tapioca starch) , and 40 parts by mass of water were added, and the resulting mixture was kneaded to obtain a dough. The dough was rolled by a conventional method to form a noodle strip, and the resulting noodle strip was cut out using a No. 18-maru cutting blade to obtain raw noodle strings with a noodle thickness of 1.5 mm.
- Comparative Example 1 raw noodle strings were steamed for 3 minutes in a steamer set at a temperature of 100°C. In Comparative Example 2, the raw noodle strings were not steamed.
- the steamed noodle strings (Comparative Example 1) or raw noodle strings (Comparative Example 2) were cut to 30 cm to obtain 110 g of noodle strings.
- steamed noodle strings were sprayed with 50 mL of 3% by mass salt water, filled in a mold with an upper surface of 121 mm ⁇ 136 mm, a lower surface of 109 mm ⁇ 124 mm, and a height of 29 mm, covered, and heated to 150 ° C.
- Instant fried noodles with a water content of about 2% by mass were obtained by frying and drying with palm oil for about 2 minutes.
- Comparative Example 2 the raw noodle strings were directly filled into the same mold as in Comparative Example 1, covered, and fried in palm oil at 150° C. for about 1 minute to dry the instant noodles with a moisture content of about 2% by mass. Got the fried noodles.
- ⁇ Degree of alpha> The degree of alpha conversion of instant fried noodles was determined by the second glucoamylase method using glucoamylase from Toyobo Co., Ltd. as an enzyme. The measurement conditions conformed to "Gelatinization (alpha) degree” ( http://www.jfrl.or.jp/item/nutrition/post-35.html ) of Japan Food Research Laboratories.
- the oil content of instant fried noodles was determined by the following procedure. 5 g of the ground and homogenized instant fried noodles were weighed, and oil was extracted with diethyl ether using a Soxhlet extractor. The oil content was determined from the difference in mass before and after extraction.
- ⁇ Taste and texture ⁇ 90 g of instant fried noodles were placed in an expanded polystyrene (PSP) cup, 530 mL of hot water at 100° C. was poured into the PSP cup, quickly covered with aluminum foil and left for 3 minutes to reconstitute with hot water. Time was measured using a stopwatch (trade name: Seiko Stopwatch S052, Seiko S-yard Co., Ltd.). After measuring for exactly 3 minutes, the clumps of the noodle strings were quickly loosened, and the taste and texture were evaluated.
- PSP expanded polystyrene
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the degree of gelatinization, oil content, swollen state of noodle strings, and taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- ⁇ Cross-sectional area of noodle strings> The cross-sectional area of the noodle strips of the instant fried noodles of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was determined from the image of the noodle strip cross-section taken at a magnification of 100 using a digital microscope (trade name VHX-7000, Keyence Corporation). . About 20 points of the circumference of the noodle strip were plotted on the image of the cross section of the noodle strip, and the cross-sectional area was automatically calculated by the software attached to the digital microscope. Five noodle strings were taken as samples from the instant fried noodles (sample a to sample e), and the average value of the five samples was taken as the cross-sectional area of the noodle strings.
- Table 2 shows the cross-sectional areas of the noodle strings of the instant fried noodles of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- the noodle strings would swell more when they were fried and dried if they were not steamed. Based on the average cross-sectional area of the noodle strings, the swelling degree of Comparative Example 1 was 78% when the swelling degree of Comparative Example 2 was 100%. Excessive puffing of the noodle strings is believed to provide a less dense (chewy) texture.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 The effects of calcined calcium were confirmed by the following tests.
- 20 g of calcined calcium was added to 8 kg of wheat flour (9.5 mass% protein), 2 kg of tapioca starch (DS 0.02), 30 g of salt, 10 g of sodium carbonate, and 30 g of phosphate.
- a mixture obtained by adding 41 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the main raw material (total of wheat flour and tapioca starch) was kneaded to obtain a dough.
- the dough was rolled by a conventional method to form a noodle strip, and the resulting noodle strip was cut out using a No. 18-maru cutting blade to obtain raw noodle strings with a noodle thickness of 1.5 mm.
- the raw noodle strings were cut to 30 cm to obtain 110 g of raw noodle strings.
- the raw noodle strings were directly filled into the same mold as in Comparative Example 1, covered, and fried in palm oil at 155° C. for 1 minute to obtain instant fried noodles having a moisture content of about 2% by mass.
- Table 3 shows the evaluation results of the degree of gelatinization, oil content, noodle-making suitability, swollen state of noodle strings, and taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3.
- DSC Differential scanning calorimetry
- Table 4 shows the results of DSC measurement.
- Comparative example 4 Instant fried noodles of Comparative Example 4 were obtained by reducing the amount of water added in Comparative Example 3 to 38 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the main raw material so that the noodle-making aptitude was equivalent to that of Example 1.
- Table 5 shows the evaluation results of the degree of gelatinization, oil content, noodle-making aptitude, swollen state of noodle strings, and taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 4.
- ⁇ Cutting load> The cutting strength of the noodle strings after rehydration with hot water in Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 was measured. 90 g of instant fried noodles were placed in an expanded polystyrene cup (PSP), 530 mL of hot water at 100° C. was poured into the PSP cup, quickly covered with aluminum foil and left for 3 minutes. After removing the lid, the noodles were loosened using disposable chopsticks to complete rehydration.
- PSP expanded polystyrene cup
- the hot water was quickly separated from the noodle strings when 1, 3, or 5 minutes had passed after the hot water reconstitution was completed.
- Two noodle strings were placed on a plate of a rheometer (trade name: NRM-2010-CW, Fudo Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and 10 seconds after the hot water was separated from the noodle strings, a plate with a diameter of 0.27 mm was placed at a table speed of 2 cm / min.
- the piano wire was pressed against the noodle strings and cut. A load was measured when the noodle strings were completely cut. The cutting load was obtained by dividing the measured value by 2.
- Table 6 shows the cutting load results.
- Table 7 shows the cross-sectional areas of the noodle strings of the instant fried noodles of Example 1, Comparative Examples 3 and 4.
- Cutting strength was calculated from the cutting load (gf) and cross-sectional area (mm 2 ) of the noodle strings.
- Table 8 shows the cutting strength of the noodle strings of the instant fried noodles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 4.
- Table 9 shows the compressive strength of the noodle strings of the instant fried noodles of Example 1, Comparative Examples 3 and 4.
- Table 10 shows the evaluation results of the degree of gelatinization, oil content, appearance of noodle strings, aptitude for making noodles, and taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Examples 2 to 5.
- Table 11 shows the cross-sectional area of the noodle strings of the instant fried noodles of Examples 2 to 5 together with that of Comparative Example 3.
- Example 6 to 11 Instant fried noodles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the temperature and time for drying tofu were changed as shown in Table 12.
- Table 12 shows the evaluation results of the degree of gelatinization, oil content, and taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Examples 6 to 11.
- Examples 12 to 14 Instant fried noodles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conditions for drying the fried tofu were changed as shown in Table 13.
- Table 13 shows the evaluation results of the degree of alpha conversion, oil content, swollen state of noodle strings, and taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Examples 12 to 14.
- Example 15 The effect of vacuum extrusion was confirmed by the following tests.
- Instant fried noodles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the noodle ingredients were kneaded and then extruded under reduced pressure using an extruder to obtain small lumps of dough. Specifically, pressure is applied to the dough while the inside of the extruder is reduced to a vacuum of 86 kPa, and the cylindrical extrudate extruded through a die having a circular hole with a diameter of 80 mm is intermittently cut. to form small lumps with a length of about 50 mm. The resulting small mass was rolled to form a noodle strip, and the resulting noodle strip was cut using a No. 18-round cutting blade to obtain raw noodle strings with a noodle thickness of 1.5 mm.
- Table 14 shows the evaluation results of the oil content, the cross-sectional area of the noodle strings, and the taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Example 15 together with those of Example 1.
- thermocoagulable protein 9 kg of wheat flour (protein 10.5% by mass), 1 kg of raw potato starch, 20 g of calcined calcium, 30 g of salt, 10 g of brine (sodium carbonate), and egg protein (Examples 17 and 18 only) were mixed with the same noodle-making aptitude.
- the dough was obtained by adjusting the water content and kneading so that The dough was rolled by a conventional method to form a noodle strip, and the resulting noodle strip was cut out using a No. 24 cutting blade to obtain raw noodle strings with a noodle thickness of 1.15 mm.
- Example 16 no egg protein was added, and the amount of water added was 39 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the main raw material (wheat flour and raw potato starch). In Example 17, 50 g of egg protein was added, and the amount of water added was 40 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the main ingredient. In Example 18, 100 g of egg protein was added, and the amount of water added was 41 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the main ingredient.
- the raw noodle strings were cut to 30 cm to obtain 85 g of raw noodle strings.
- the raw noodle strings are directly filled into a cylindrical mold with an upper surface diameter of 95 mm, a lower surface diameter of 74 mm, and a height of 68 mm. % by mass of instant fried noodles were obtained.
- the instant fried noodles were thin noodles suitable for pork bone ramen.
- Example 16 to 18 The taste and texture of Examples 16 to 18 were evaluated by the following procedure. 70 g of instant fried noodles were placed in a paper container, then 430 mL of hot water at 100° C. was poured, quickly covered with aluminum foil and left for 2 minutes. After exactly measuring for 2 minutes, the clumps of the noodle strings were quickly loosened, and the taste and texture were evaluated.
- Table 15 shows the evaluation results of the degree of alphaization, oil content, cross-sectional area of noodle strings, and taste and texture of the instant fried noodles of Examples 16 to 18.
- thermocoagulable protein By adding water-soluble thermocoagulable protein, the oil content could be further reduced.
- thermocoagulable protein By adding a water-soluble thermocoagulable protein, it was possible to increase the water content and further increase the degree of alpha conversion.
- Example 19 and Comparative Examples 5-7 Instant fried noodles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the ingredients listed in Table 16 were used in place of the calcined calcium and the water content was changed to make the noodle-making suitability equivalent.
- Table 17 shows the cross-sectional areas of the noodle strings of Example 19 and Comparative Examples 5-7.
- Calcium hydroxide like calcined calcium, was able to suppress swelling of the noodle strings, and was able to increase the water content while maintaining the aptitude for noodle making. Calcium lactate and calcined fish bone calcium (calcium phosphate) could not suppress swelling of noodle strings and could not increase the water content.
- Comparative example 8 Instant fried noodles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that no calcined calcium was used and the amount of brine was increased. Specifically, 10 g of sodium carbonate was replaced with 50 g of potassium carbonate, and the amount of water added was changed to 40 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the main raw material.
- Table 18 shows the cross-sectional area of the noodle strings of Comparative Example 8.
- Example 20 and 21 Instant frying was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that after filling the mold with raw noodle strings, 2 g (Example 20) or 4 g (Example 21) of water was sprayed onto the mass of raw noodle strings. got the noodles In Examples 20 and 21, the noodle strings adhered to each other, and the strength of the mass of instant fried noodles was improved.
- Table 19 shows the arithmetic mean surface roughness Sa of the instant fried noodles of Comparative Example 1, Example 1, Example 20 and Example 21.
- the surfaces of the instant fried noodles of Examples 1, 20, and 21 had a smaller arithmetic mean roughness Sa than the steamed Comparative Example 1, that is, they were smoother.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 Microscopic photographs of the surfaces of the instant fried noodles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.
- the imaging conditions were as follows. Apparatus: Digital microscope (trade name VHX-7000, Keyence Corporation) Magnification: 500x Mode: Opt-SEM
- Example 1 the shape of the starch granules remained and the surface was relatively smooth. The fact that the shape of the starch granules remained suggests that the gelatinization of the starch granules on the surface of the noodle strings did not proceed because the steaming was not performed. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, in which the raw noodle strings were steamed before frying, the shape of the starch granules was almost lost, and it was observed that the surface was roughened during the drying of the frying to form larger irregularities.
- Example 22 7 kg of wheat flour (10.5% by mass protein), 3 kg of tapioca starch (DS 0.08), 40 g of calcined calcium, 50 g of salt, 10 g of sodium carbonate, and 30 g of phosphate, and 100 mass of main ingredients (total of wheat flour and tapioca starch)
- the mixture obtained by adding 42 parts by mass of water based on the part by mass was kneaded to obtain a dough.
- the dough was rolled by a conventional method to form a noodle strip, and the resulting noodle strip was cut using a No. 18 cutting edge to obtain raw noodle strings with a noodle thickness of 1.32 mm.
- the raw noodle strings were cut to 30 cm to obtain 85 g of raw noodle strings.
- the raw noodle strings were directly filled into the same mold as in Example 16, covered, and fried in palm oil at 150° C. for 1 minute to obtain instant fried noodles having a water content of about 2% by mass. This instant fried noodle was suitable for miso ramen.
- Example 23 6.5 kg of wheat flour (protein 9.5% by mass), 0.5 kg of raw potato starch, 3 kg of buckwheat flour, 15 g of calcined calcium, 30 g of phosphate, and 50 g of egg white powder, the main ingredients (wheat flour, buckwheat flour and raw potato starch) A mixture obtained by adding 43 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of the total of the above) was kneaded to obtain a dough. The dough was rolled by a conventional method to form a noodle strip, and the resulting noodle strip was cut using a No. 20 square cutting blade to obtain raw noodle strings with a noodle thickness of 0.90 mm.
- the raw noodle strings were cut to 30 cm to obtain 85 g of raw noodle strings.
- the raw noodle strings were directly filled into the same mold as in Example 16, covered, and fried in palm oil at 150° C. for 1 minute to dry to obtain instant fried noodles with a water content of about 2% by mass. .
- Example 22 and 23 were evaluated by the following procedure. Put 70 g of instant fried noodles or instant fried noodles in a paper container, then pour 430 mL of hot water at 100 ° C., quickly cover with aluminum foil, and leave for 5 minutes for Example 22 and 3 minutes for Example 23. did. After that, the clumps of noodle strings were quickly loosened, and the taste and texture were evaluated. Both the instant fried noodles of Example 22 and the instant fried noodles of Example 23 had a cooked feeling after rehydration with hot water, and had good chewy taste and texture.
- Example 24 Wheat flour (11.5 mass% protein) 4 kg, buckwheat flour 3 kg, potato starch 2 kg, tapioca starch (DS 0.02) 1 kg, calcined calcium 10 g, salt 50 g, and phosphate 15 g, main ingredients (wheat flour, buckwheat flour, A mixture obtained by adding 45 parts by mass of water to 100 parts by mass of potato starch and tapioca starch in total was kneaded to obtain a dough. The dough was rolled by a conventional method to form a noodle strip, and the resulting noodle strip was cut using a No. 20 square cutting blade to obtain raw noodle strings with a noodle thickness of 1.1 mm.
- the raw noodle strings were cut to 30 cm to obtain 70 g of raw noodle strings.
- the raw noodle strings are filled in a cylindrical mold with an upper surface diameter of 87 mm, a lower surface diameter of 72 mm, and a height of 66.5 mm, covered with a lid, and fried in palm oil at 158 ° C. for about 1 minute.
- Instant fried soba noodles with a content of about 2% by mass were obtained.
- Example 24 The taste and texture of Example 24 were evaluated by the following procedures. 60 g of instant fried noodles were placed in a paper container, then 320 mL of hot water at 100° C. was poured, quickly covered with aluminum foil and left for 3 minutes. After that, the clumps of noodle strings were quickly loosened, and the taste and texture were evaluated. The fried instant buckwheat noodles of Example 24 had a cooked feeling after being reconstituted with hot water, and had a chewy and good taste and texture.
- the method for producing instant fried noodles and the instant fried noodles of the present disclosure can be suitably used for instant foods such as instant ramen noodles, instant fried noodles, instant soba noodles, and instant udon noodles.
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Abstract
Description
[態様1]
主原料と、焼成カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のカルシウム含有材料と、水とを含む麺原料を混練してドウを得ること、
前記ドウから生麺線を切り出すこと、及び
前記生麺線を蒸煮せずに前記生麺線を油揚げ乾燥すること
を含む、即席フライ麺を製造する方法。
[態様2]
前記麺原料中の前記カルシウム含有材料の含有量が、主原料100質量部を基準として、0.05質量部~0.5質量部である、態様1に記載の方法。
[態様3]
前記油揚げ乾燥を140℃以上で行うことを含む、態様1又は2に記載の方法。
[態様4]
前記油揚げ乾燥が140℃未満で行われる時間が10秒間以下である、態様1~3のいずれかに記載の方法。
[態様5]
前記油揚げ乾燥の前に、前記生麺線に水を付着させることを更に含む、態様1~4のいずれかに記載の方法。
[態様6]
α化度が70%~86%であり、油分が18質量%~28質量%であり、焼成カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のカルシウム含有材料を含む即席フライ麺。
[態様7]
表面の算術平均粗さSaが2μm~5.3μmである、態様6に記載の即席フライ麺。
[態様8]
前記カルシウム含有材料の含有量が0.057質量%~0.57%質量である、態様6又は7に記載の即席フライ麺。
一実施形態の即席フライ麺の製造方法は、主原料と、焼成カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のカルシウム含有材料と、水とを含む麺原料を混練してドウを得ること、ドウから生麺線を切り出すこと、及び生麺線を蒸煮せずに生麺線を油揚げ乾燥することを含む。この実施形態において、麺原料の一つとして上記カルシウム含有材料を用いる以外は、即席フライ麺の技術分野において従来知られた工程を特に制限なく使用することができる。
即席フライ麺の麺原料としては、従来知られた即席フライ麺の製造に使用される材料を特に制限なく使用することができる。具体的には、例えば、社団法人 日本即席食品工業協会監修「新・即席めん入門」日本食糧新聞社発行(平成10年)の第52項~第62項に記載されている主原料及び副原料を使用することができる。
主原料としては、例えば、小麦粉、そば粉、大麦粉、米粉等の穀物粉が挙げられる。主原料は更に澱粉を含んでもよい。
カルシウム含有材料は、焼成カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である。本開示において、焼成カルシウムとは、原料として石灰、貝殻、卵殻等を焼成して得られる酸化カルシウムを主成分とする材料を指し、原料として魚骨、乳清等を焼成して得られるリン酸カルシウムとは区別される。水酸化カルシウムは、外部から添加されたものであってもよく、焼成カルシウムが麺原料中の水分と水和することで生成したものであってもよい。
麺原料は副原料を更に含んでもよい。副原料としては、例えば、かん水、リン酸塩、塩、卵、熱凝固性蛋白質、及びグルテンが挙げられる。副原料は、主原料に粉の状態で混合してもよく、水に溶解させて主原料と混合してもよい。
主原料及び任意成分である副原料に添加される水の量(本開示では「加水率」ともいう。)は、主原料100質量を基準として、好ましく35質量部~45質量部であり、より好ましくは38質量部~43質量部である。本開示によれば、麺原料中にカルシウム含有原料が存在するために、製麺適性を維持しながら加水率を高い水準とすることができる。これにより、生麺線に含まれる水分を有効に利用して、油揚げ乾燥のみでも麺線のα化を高度に促進することができる。
主原料、カルシウム含有材料、水、及び必要に応じて副原料をニーダ、プラネタリーミキサ等の混合装置を用いて混練することによりドウ(麺生地)を得ることができる。グルテン等の粉末状の副原料は、主原料と予め混合していてもよい。食塩、かん水等は、予め水に溶解させておいてもよい。
麺原料を混練した後に押出成形機を用いてドウを減圧押出することにより、ドウの密度を高めてもよい。押出成形機により押し出されたドウは、円筒状、球状、平板状、又は不定形の小塊に成形されてもよい。減圧押出によりドウの密度を高めることにより、麺線の膨化を更に抑制することができ、即席フライ麺の内部に油揚げ乾燥時の油が侵入することを抑制して、即席フライ麺中の油分を効果的に低減することもできる。
ドウからの生麺線の切出しは、一般に、ドウを麺線の切出しに適した厚みを有するシート状に加工して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を麺線切出装置を用いて切断して生麺線に切り出すことを含む。
次に、生麺線を蒸煮せずに油揚げ乾燥する。油揚げ乾燥は、一般に、生麺線を喫食単位量となるように切断し、切断された生麺線をリテイナー(バスケット)に成形充填し、リテイナーに蓋をし、生麺線を収容したリテイナーを加熱した油に浸漬することにより行われる。本開示によれば、蒸煮の際に麺線に付着又は吸収される過剰の水分がないため、油揚げ乾燥をより短時間で行うことができる場合がある。
一実施形態の即席フライ麺は、焼成カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のカルシウム含有材料を含み、α化度が70%~86%であり、油分が18質量%~28質量%である。本開示におけるα化度は、酵素として東洋紡株式会社のグルコアミラーゼを用いたグルコアミラーゼ第二法により決定される。油分は、実施例に記載の方法により決定される。
下記の試験により、従来の蒸煮した即席フライ麺と蒸煮していない即席フライ麺との比較を行った。小麦粉(蛋白質9.5質量%)8kg、タピオカ澱粉(DS0.02)2kg、食塩30g、炭酸ナトリウム10g、及びリン酸塩30gに、主原料(小麦粉及びタピオカ澱粉の合計)100質量部を基準として、水を40質量部添加して得られた混合物を混練してドウを得た。常法によりドウを圧延して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を切刃18番丸を用いて切り出すことにより、麺厚1.5mmの生麺線を得た。
即席フライ麺から2gの麺線を取り出し、電気乾燥機(商品名DN―41、ヤマト科学株式会社)を用いて105℃で2時間乾燥させた。乾燥前後の質量差から水分量を決定した。
即席フライ麺のα化度は、酵素として東洋紡株式会社のグルコアミラーゼを用いたグルコアミラーゼ第二法により決定した。測定条件は、財団法人日本食品分析センターの「糊化(α化)度」(http://www.jfrl.or.jp/item/nutrition/post-35.html)に準拠した。
即席フライ麺の油分は、以下の手順により決定した。粉砕して均質化した即席フライ麺から5gを量り、ソックスレー抽出器を用いてジエチルエーテルで油脂を抽出した。抽出前後の質量差から油分を決定した。
発泡ポリスチレン(PSP)カップに、90gの即席フライ麺を入れ、PSPカップに100℃の熱湯を530mL注ぎ、素早くアルミ箔で蓋をして3分間放置して湯戻しした。時間の測定はストップウォッチ(商品名セイコーストップウォッチS052、セイコーエスヤード株式会社)を用いて行った。正確に3分間測定した後、素早く麺線の塊をほぐし、食味触感を評価した。
比較例1及び比較例2の即席フライ麺の麺線の断面積を、デジタルマイクロスコープ(商品名VHX-7000、株式会社キーエンス)を用いて倍率100倍で撮影した麺線断面の画像から決定した。麺線断面の画像において、麺線の外周を20点程度プロットし、デジタルマイクロスコープに付属のソフトウェアにより自動的に断面積を計算した。即席フライ麺から試料として麺線を5本取り出し(試料a~試料e)、5本の試料の平均値を麺線の断面積とした。
下記の試験により、焼成カルシウムの効果を確認した。小麦粉(蛋白質9.5質量%)8kg、タピオカ澱粉(DS0.02)2kg、食塩30g、炭酸ナトリウム10g、及びリン酸塩30gに、実施例1では焼成カルシウム20gを添加し、比較例3では添加せずに、主原料(小麦粉及びタピオカ澱粉の合計)100質量部を基準として、水を41質量部添加して得られた混合物を混練してドウを得た。常法によりドウを圧延して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を切刃18番丸を用いて切り出すことにより、麺厚1.5mmの生麺線を得た。
実施例1、比較例1及び比較例3について、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)を行った。測定条件は以下のとおりであった。
装置:DSC-60(株式会社島津製作所)
リファレンス:水20μL
開始温度:30℃
目標温度:110℃
昇温速度:10℃/分
雰囲気:空気
実施例1と製麺適性が同等になるように、比較例3の水の添加量を、主原料100質量部を基準として38質量部に減らして比較例4の即席フライ麺を得た。
実施例1及び比較例4の湯戻し後の麺線の切断強度を測定した。発泡ポリスチレンカップ(PSP)に、90gの即席フライ麺を入れ、PSPカップに100℃の熱湯を530mL注ぎ、素早くアルミ箔で蓋をして3分間放置した。蓋を取った後、麺線を割り箸を用いて解して湯戻しを完了した。
実施例1及び比較例4について、麺線の切断荷重(gf)及び断面積(mm2)から切断強度を計算した。切断強度は以下の式で定義される。
切断強度(mN/mm2)=切断荷重(gf)×9.80665/麺線の断面積(mm2)
実施例1、比較例3及び比較例4の即席フライ麺の麺線の圧縮強度を測定した。即席フライ麺の塊の中央(A)及び四隅(B~E)の5箇所からそれぞれ長さ10mmの麺線を取り出して試験片とした。500Nのロードセルを備えた圧縮試験装置EZ-LX(株式会社島津製作所)のステージの上に試験片を置き、直径30mmのプラテンとステージの間隔を3mmとした状態からプラテンをストローク2mm、速度5mm/分で下降させて、プラテンにかかる荷重の最大値を測定した。試験片A~Eの測定値の平均を圧縮強度とした。
表10に記載のとおり焼成カルシウムの使用量を変化させた以外は実施例1と同様の手順で即席フライ麺を得た。
表11に比較例3と合わせて実施例2~実施例5の即席フライ麺の麺線の断面積を示す。
表12に記載のとおり油揚げ乾燥の温度及び時間を変化させた以外は実施例1と同様の手順で即席フライ麺を得た。
表13に記載のとおり油揚げ乾燥の条件を変更した以外は実施例1と同様の手順で即席フライ麺を得た。
下記の試験により、減圧押出の効果を確認した。麺原料を混練した後に押出成形機を用いて減圧押出することによりドウの小塊を得た以外は実施例1と同様の手順で即席フライ麺を得た。具体的には、押出成形機の装置内を真空度86kPaの減圧とした状態でドウに圧力を加え、直径80mmの円形の孔を有するダイスを通して押し出された円筒状の押出物を間欠的に切断して、長さ約50mmの小塊とした。得られた小塊を圧延して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を切刃18番丸を用いて切り出すことにより、麺厚1.5mmの生麺線を得た。
下記の試験により、熱凝固性蛋白質の効果を確認した。小麦粉(蛋白質10.5質量%)9kg、生馬鈴薯澱粉1kg、焼成カルシウム20g、食塩30g、かん水(炭酸ナトリウム)10g、及び卵蛋白(実施例17及び実施例18のみ)を、製麺適性が同等となるように加水率を調節して混練してドウを得た。常法によりドウを圧延して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を切刃24番丸を用いて切り出すことにより、麺厚1.15mmの生麺線を得た。実施例16では卵蛋白を添加せず、水の添加量を主原料(小麦粉及び生馬鈴薯澱粉の合計)100質量部を基準として39質量部とした。実施例17では卵蛋白を50g添加し、水の添加量を主原料100質量部を基準として40質量部とした。実施例18では卵蛋白を100g添加し、水の添加量を主原料100質量部を基準として41質量部とした。
実施例16~実施例18の食味食感は以下の手順で評価した。紙容器に70gの即席フライ麺を入れ、次いで100℃の熱湯を430mL注ぎ、素早くアルミ箔で蓋をして2分間放置した。正確に2分間測定した後、素早く麺線の塊をほぐし、食味触感を評価した。
焼成カルシウムの代わりに表16に記載の成分を用い、製麺適性を同等とするため加水率を変化させた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で即席フライ麺を得た。
焼成カルシウムを使用せず、かん水を増量した以外は実施例1と同様の手順で即席フライ麺を得た。具体的には、10gの炭酸ナトリウムを50gの炭酸カリウムに置き換え、水の添加量を主原料100質量部を基準として40質量部に変更した。
生麺線を型枠に充填した後、生麺線の塊に2g(実施例20)又は4g(実施例21)の水を霧吹きで吹き付けた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で即席フライ麺を得た。実施例20及び実施例21では麺線同士の付着が生じており、即席フライ麺の塊の強度が向上した。
比較例1、実施例1、実施例20及び実施例21の即席フライ麺の表面の算術平均粗さSaを以下の条件で測定した。即席フライ麺から突発的な火膨れが生じていない部分から可能な限り真っ直ぐな麺線3本(麺線a、b及びc)を取り出し、各麺線を2cmに切断して、麺線の中央付近の任意の5箇所の側面の表面粗さを測定し、各麺線の算術平均粗さSaを得た。Sz(最大深さ+最大高さ)が100μm超である測定箇所はデータとして不適切と判断して棄却し、別の箇所を測定し直した。
装置:デジタルマイクロスコープ(商品名VHX-7000、株式会社キーエンス)
倍率:400倍
輝度:40
同軸片射
測定範囲:600μm×500μm
Lフィルター0.25mm
装置:デジタルマイクロスコープ(商品名VHX-7000、株式会社キーエンス)
倍率:500倍
モード:Opt-SEM
小麦粉(蛋白質10.5質量%)7kg、タピオカ澱粉(DS0.08)3kg、焼成カルシウム40g、食塩50g、炭酸ナトリウム10g、及びリン酸塩30gに、主原料(小麦粉及びタピオカ澱粉の合計)100質量部を基準として、水を42質量部添加して得られた混合物を混練してドウを得た。常法によりドウを圧延して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を切刃18番角を用いて切り出すことにより、麺厚1.32mmの生麺線を得た。
小麦粉(蛋白質9.5質量%)6.5kg、生馬鈴薯澱粉0.5kg、そば粉3kg、焼成カルシウム15g、リン酸塩30g、及び卵白粉50gに、主原料(小麦粉、そば粉及び生馬鈴薯澱粉の合計)100質量部を基準として、水を43質量部添加して得られた混合物を混練してドウを得た。常法によりドウを圧延して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を切刃20番角を用いて切り出すことにより、麺厚0.90mmの生麺線を得た。
実施例22及び実施例23の食味食感は以下の手順で評価した。紙容器に70gの即席フライ麺又は即席そばフライ麺を入れ、次いで100℃の熱湯を430mL注ぎ、素早くアルミ箔で蓋をして、実施例22は5分間、実施例23は3分間、それぞれ放置した。その後、素早く麺線の塊をほぐし、食味触感を評価した。実施例22の即席フライ麺及び実施例23の即席そばフライ麺のいずれも、湯戻し後に調理感があり、コシがある良好な食味食感を有していた。
小麦粉(蛋白質11.5質量%)4kg、そば粉3kg、馬鈴薯澱粉2kg、タピオカ澱粉(DS0.02)1kg、焼成カルシウム10g、食塩50g、及びリン酸塩15gに、主原料(小麦粉、そば粉、馬鈴薯澱粉及びタピオカ澱粉の合計)100質量部を基準として、水を45質量部添加して得られた混合物を混練してドウを得た。常法によりドウを圧延して麺帯を形成し、得られた麺帯を切刃20番角を用いて切り出すことにより、麺厚1.1mmの生麺線を得た。
実施例24の食味食感は以下の手順で評価した。紙容器に60gの即席そばフライ麺を入れ、次いで100℃の熱湯を320mL注ぎ、素早くアルミ箔で蓋をして3分間放置した。その後、素早く麺線の塊をほぐし、食味触感を評価した。実施例24の即席そばフライ麺は、湯戻し後に調理感があり、コシがある良好な食味食感を有していた。
Claims (8)
- 主原料と、焼成カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のカルシウム含有材料と、水とを含む麺原料を混練してドウを得ること、
前記ドウから生麺線を切り出すこと、及び
前記生麺線を蒸煮せずに前記生麺線を油揚げ乾燥すること
を含む、即席フライ麺を製造する方法。 - 前記麺原料中の前記カルシウム含有材料の含有量が、主原料100質量部を基準として、0.05質量部~0.5質量部である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記油揚げ乾燥を140℃以上で行うことを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記油揚げ乾燥が140℃未満で行われる時間が10秒間以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記油揚げ乾燥の前に、前記生麺線に水を付着させることを更に含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- α化度が70%~86%であり、油分が18質量%~28質量%であり、焼成カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のカルシウム含有材料を含む即席フライ麺。
- 表面の算術平均粗さSaが2μm~5.3μmである、請求項6に記載の即席フライ麺。
- 前記カルシウム含有材料の含有量が0.057質量%~0.57%質量である、請求項6又は7に記載の即席フライ麺。
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JP2020202771A (ja) | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-24 | 東洋水産株式会社 | 油揚げ即席麺の製造方法および製造装置ならびに油揚げ即席麺 |
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2022
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- 2022-05-06 JP JP2022565824A patent/JP7267513B2/ja active Active
- 2022-05-06 CN CN202280034277.9A patent/CN117337139A/zh active Pending
- 2022-05-06 CA CA3218717A patent/CA3218717A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-06 EP EP22807412.6A patent/EP4338597A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-06 WO PCT/JP2022/019603 patent/WO2022239710A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-05-12 TW TW111117840A patent/TW202310753A/zh unknown
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2023
- 2023-04-19 JP JP2023068708A patent/JP2023084137A/ja active Pending
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JPH11196799A (ja) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-27 | Myojo Food Co Ltd | 即席乾燥麺類の製造方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP4338597A1 (en) | 2024-03-20 |
JP7267513B2 (ja) | 2023-05-01 |
JPWO2022239710A1 (ja) | 2022-11-17 |
JP2023084137A (ja) | 2023-06-16 |
TW202310753A (zh) | 2023-03-16 |
CA3218717A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
CN117337139A (zh) | 2024-01-02 |
KR20230156120A (ko) | 2023-11-13 |
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