WO2016114252A1 - 重合性組成物及びそれを用いた光学異方体 - Google Patents
重合性組成物及びそれを用いた光学異方体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016114252A1 WO2016114252A1 PCT/JP2016/050660 JP2016050660W WO2016114252A1 WO 2016114252 A1 WO2016114252 A1 WO 2016114252A1 JP 2016050660 W JP2016050660 W JP 2016050660W WO 2016114252 A1 WO2016114252 A1 WO 2016114252A1
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- polymerizable
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- 0 CC[C@](c1nc2ccccc2[s]1)N=Cc1cc(CCOC(c2ccc(C)cc2)=O)ccc1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCC(COCCCCOC(C=C)=O)OC(CCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=* Chemical compound CC[C@](c1nc2ccccc2[s]1)N=Cc1cc(CCOC(c2ccc(C)cc2)=O)ccc1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCC(COCCCCOC(C=C)=O)OC(CCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=* 0.000 description 15
- KIQPKNXRMCWMLC-VBWPQJJQSA-N C=CC(C1[O](CCCCOCC(COc(cc2)cc(/C=N/Nc3nc(cccc4)c4[s]3)c2OC(c(cc2)ccc2OCC(COCCCCOC(C=C)=O)OC(CCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)OC(CCOC(C=C)=O)=O)CC1)=O Chemical compound C=CC(C1[O](CCCCOCC(COc(cc2)cc(/C=N/Nc3nc(cccc4)c4[s]3)c2OC(c(cc2)ccc2OCC(COCCCCOC(C=C)=O)OC(CCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)OC(CCOC(C=C)=O)=O)CC1)=O KIQPKNXRMCWMLC-VBWPQJJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPRBAWUNYWXOCY-IARBPKBMSA-N C=CC(N(c1nc(-c2cc3ccccc3cc2)c[s]1)/N=C/c1cc(COc2ccc(CCC(Oc(cc3)ccc3OCc3ccccc3)=N)cc2)ccc1[U]C(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=[U])=O)=O Chemical compound C=CC(N(c1nc(-c2cc3ccccc3cc2)c[s]1)/N=C/c1cc(COc2ccc(CCC(Oc(cc3)ccc3OCc3ccccc3)=N)cc2)ccc1[U]C(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=[U])=O)=O HPRBAWUNYWXOCY-IARBPKBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKYYBTLXNUODOL-CGCCTQMCSA-N C=CC(OCCCCCCOc(cc1)ccc1C(OCCc(cc1)cc(/C=N/Nc2nc(cccc3)c3[s]2)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)=O Chemical compound C=CC(OCCCCCCOc(cc1)ccc1C(OCCc(cc1)cc(/C=N/Nc2nc(cccc3)c3[s]2)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)=O CKYYBTLXNUODOL-CGCCTQMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJQLQHBGMZDZTQ-PNHGISFSSA-N C=CC(OCCCOc(cc1)ccc1C(OCCc(cc1)cc(/C=N/Nc2nc(cccc3)c3[s]2)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)=O Chemical compound C=CC(OCCCOc(cc1)ccc1C(OCCc(cc1)cc(/C=N/Nc2nc(cccc3)c3[s]2)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)=O IJQLQHBGMZDZTQ-PNHGISFSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWILIIIIJGEDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(CC(C)(C)Oc(cc1)ccc1C(OCCc(cc1)cc(C=N)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCC(COC(C=C)=O)OC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)OC(C=C)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(CC(C)(C)Oc(cc1)ccc1C(OCCc(cc1)cc(C=N)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCCC(COC(C=C)=O)OC(C=C)=O)=O)=O)OC(C=C)=O GWILIIIIJGEDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXFFFXSRWRYUIS-IJPVNJCPSA-N CC(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)cc(cc2)c1c(Cl)c2C#Cc(cc1)c(C)c(/C=N/N(c2nc(cccc3)c3[s]2)S(c2ccc(C)cc2)(=O)=O)c1OCCCOCC=C Chemical compound CC(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)cc(cc2)c1c(Cl)c2C#Cc(cc1)c(C)c(/C=N/N(c2nc(cccc3)c3[s]2)S(c2ccc(C)cc2)(=O)=O)c1OCCCOCC=C CXFFFXSRWRYUIS-IJPVNJCPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJYSWGQYOCNLRB-CJLVFECKSA-N CCC(C)(C(C)C)C(OCCCCCCCCCOc(cc1)ccc1C(Oc(ccc(/C=C/C(OCCOC)=O)c1)c1OC)=O)=O Chemical compound CCC(C)(C(C)C)C(OCCCCCCCCCOc(cc1)ccc1C(Oc(ccc(/C=C/C(OCCOC)=O)c1)c1OC)=O)=O DJYSWGQYOCNLRB-CJLVFECKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXAQKPQGPHGHRA-ZSDNWPLWSA-N CCCCCC(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)cc(F)c1-c(cc1)cc(/C=N/N(C(CCC)=O)c2nc3ccccc3[s]2)c1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=O Chemical compound CCCCCC(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)cc(F)c1-c(cc1)cc(/C=N/N(C(CCC)=O)c2nc3ccccc3[s]2)c1OCCCCCCOC(C=C)=O VXAQKPQGPHGHRA-ZSDNWPLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZBASKBBFNKOSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCC(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)ccc1-c(cc1)ccc1C([U]c(ccc1c2)c(C=N)c1ccc2OC(C(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1OCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O Chemical compound CCCCCC(CC1)CCC1c(cc1)ccc1-c(cc1)ccc1C([U]c(ccc1c2)c(C=N)c1ccc2OC(C(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1OCCOC(C=C)=O)=O)=O PZBASKBBFNKOSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNRFKSPTSMNIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCNc1nc2c(cccc3)c3ccc2[s]1 Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNc1nc2c(cccc3)c3ccc2[s]1 YNRFKSPTSMNIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYXNNGRYVMRROG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C=CC1)c2c1cccc2 Chemical compound CN(C=CC1)c2c1cccc2 IYXNNGRYVMRROG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCVACUXPDLCBHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN1c(cccc2)c2OC1 Chemical compound CN1c(cccc2)c2OC1 VCVACUXPDLCBHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXDAXYDMZCYZNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN1c(cccc2)c2SC1 Chemical compound CN1c(cccc2)c2SC1 PXDAXYDMZCYZNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLCILXJJBNJFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN=C1c(cccc2)c2-c2c1cccc2 Chemical compound CN=C1c(cccc2)c2-c2c1cccc2 MLCILXJJBNJFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHBOYJYJRFGFIN-VSEIJVIDSA-N C[IH](/N=C/c(cc(cc1)C(Oc(cc2F)ccc2C#N)=O)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCOCC1CC2OC2CC1)=O)=Cc1c(cccc2)c2cc2c1cccc2 Chemical compound C[IH](/N=C/c(cc(cc1)C(Oc(cc2F)ccc2C#N)=O)c1OC(c(cc1)ccc1OCCCOCC1CC2OC2CC1)=O)=Cc1c(cccc2)c2cc2c1cccc2 FHBOYJYJRFGFIN-VSEIJVIDSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
- C08F222/102—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of dialcohols, e.g. ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate
- C08F222/1025—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of dialcohols, e.g. ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate of aromatic dialcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/62—Monocarboxylic acids having ten or more carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/68—Esters
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/12—Esters of phenols or saturated alcohols
- C08F222/24—Esters containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3491—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having sulfur as hetero atom
- C09K19/3497—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having sulfur as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring containing sulfur and nitrogen atoms
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/38—Polymers
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
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- C09K19/3833—Polymers with mesogenic groups in the side chain
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- C09K19/3852—Poly(meth)acrylate derivatives
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
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- C09K19/3852—Poly(meth)acrylate derivatives
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/14—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters for producing polarised light
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- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00634—Production of filters
- B29D11/00644—Production of filters polarizing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
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- B29D11/0074—Production of other optical elements not provided for in B29D11/00009- B29D11/0073
- B29D11/00788—Producing optical films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
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- C08F222/24—Esters containing sulfur
- C08F222/245—Esters containing sulfur the ester chains containing seven or more carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133633—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation using mesogenic materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/02—Materials and properties organic material
- G02F2202/022—Materials and properties organic material polymeric
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer having optical anisotropy that requires various optical properties, a polymerizable composition useful as a component of a film, an optical anisotropic body comprising the polymerizable composition, a retardation film, and optical compensation.
- a compound having a polymerizable group is used in various optical materials.
- a polymer having a uniform orientation by aligning a polymerizable composition containing a polymerizable compound in a liquid crystal state and then polymerizing it.
- Such a polymer can be used for polarizing plates, retardation plates and the like necessary for displays.
- two or more types of polymerization are used to satisfy the required optical properties, polymerization rate, solubility, melting point, glass transition temperature, polymer transparency, mechanical strength, surface hardness, heat resistance and light resistance.
- a polymerizable composition containing a functional compound is used. In that case, the polymerizable compound to be used is required to bring good physical properties to the polymerizable composition without adversely affecting other properties.
- JP 2008-107767 A Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2010-52892 Special table 2013-509458 gazette WO12 / 147904 Publication JP 2009-062508 A
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polymerizable composition having excellent storage stability and high storage stability that does not cause crystal precipitation, and is obtained by polymerizing the composition. It is an object of the present invention to provide a polymerizable composition which is less likely to cause unevenness when producing a surface and hardly causes poor appearance due to a set-off of a surfactant. Further, an optical anisotropic body, retardation film, optical compensation film, antireflection film, lens, lens sheet, liquid crystal display device, organic light emitting display device, and lighting device using the polymerizable composition, comprising the polymerizable composition It is to provide optical parts, colorants, security markings, laser emission members, polarizing films, coloring materials, printed materials, and the like.
- the present invention focuses on a polymerizable composition using a polymerizable compound having a specific structure having one or more polymerizable groups and a specific fluorosurfactant. As a result of extensive research, the present invention has been provided.
- the present invention a) a polymerizable compound having one polymerizable group or two or more polymerizable groups and satisfying the formula (I), Re (450 nm) / Re (550 nm) ⁇ 1.0 (I) (In the formula, Re (450 nm) is a surface at a wavelength of 450 nm when the polymerizable compound having one polymerizable group is aligned on the substrate so that the major axis direction of the molecule is substantially horizontally aligned with the substrate.
- the internal retardation, Re (550 nm) is a surface at a wavelength of 550 nm when the polymerizable compound having one polymerizable group is aligned on the substrate so that the major axis direction of the molecule is substantially horizontal to the substrate.
- a polymerizable composition containing at least one fluorosurfactant (III) selected from the group consisting of compounds having a pentaerythritol skeleton or a dipentaerythritol skeleton is provided.
- an optical anisotropic body, a retardation film, an optical compensation film, an antireflection film, a lens, a lens sheet, a liquid crystal display device using the polymerizable composition, and an organic light emitting display device comprising the polymerizable composition Provide lighting elements, optical components, colorants, security markings, laser emission members, printed materials, and the like.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention comprises a liquid crystalline compound having a reverse wavelength dispersibility having one polymerizable group or two or more polymerizable groups and having a specific structure, and the fluorine-based surfactant (III )
- a polymerizable composition excellent in solubility and storage stability can be obtained, and the coating film surface leveling property is excellent, and the settling property from the liquid crystal coating surface is low.
- Excellent polymer, optical anisotropic body, retardation film and the like can be obtained.
- liquid crystalline compound is intended to indicate a compound having a mesogenic skeleton, and the compound alone, It does not have to exhibit liquid crystallinity.
- the polymerizable composition can be polymerized (formed into a film) by performing a polymerization treatment by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays or heating.
- the liquid crystalline compound having one polymerizable group or two or more polymerizable groups in the present invention has a characteristic that the birefringence of the compound is larger on the long wavelength side than on the short wavelength side in the visible light region.
- Re (450 nm) means that the polymerizable compound having one polymerizable group or two or more polymerizable groups is aligned on the substrate so that the major axis direction of the molecule is substantially horizontal to the substrate.
- the in-plane retardation at a wavelength of 450 nm, Re (550 nm) is substantially equal to the major axis direction of the molecule of the polymerizable compound having one polymerizable group or two or more polymerizable groups on the substrate.
- the birefringence need not be greater on the long wavelength side than on the short wavelength side in the ultraviolet region or infrared region.
- the compound is preferably a liquid crystal compound. In particular, it is preferable to contain at least one liquid crystalline compound of any one of the general formulas (1) to (7).
- S 11 to S 72 represent a spacer group or a single bond, and when a plurality of S 11 to S 72 are present, they may be the same or different, X 11 to X 72 are —O—, —S—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, — O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —SCH 2 —, —CH 2 S—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 S—, —SCF 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—COO—, —CH ⁇ CH—OCO—, —COO—CH ⁇ CH—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —,
- a 11 and A 12 are each independently 1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexylene group, pyridine-2,5-diyl group, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl group, naphthalene-2.
- these groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more L 1 groups, and when a plurality of A 11 and / or A 12 appear, they may be the same or different from each other, Z 11 and Z 12 are each independently —O—, —S—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO.
- G is the following formula (G-1) to formula (G-6)
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and any of the alkyl groups the hydrogen atoms may be substituted by a fluorine atom, one -CH 2 in the alkyl group - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - are each independently -O -, - S- , —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO— or —C ⁇ C—.
- W 81 represents a group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms having at least one aromatic group, and the group may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L 1
- W82 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and any hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be a fluorine atom.
- W 83 and W 84 each independently has 5 to 30 carbon atoms having a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, a carbamoyloxy group, an amino group, a sulfamoyl group, or at least one aromatic group.
- alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the above —CH 2 — is independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—CO—O—.
- G represents Formula (G-6);
- L 1 is a fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfuranyl group, nitro group, isocyano group, amino group, hydroxyl group, mercapto group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, diethylamino group, diisopropylamino.
- R 11 and R 31 are hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfuranyl group, cyano group, nitro group, isocyano group, thioisocyano group, or carbon number of 1 to 20
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and any hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- One —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — are each independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—.
- m11 represents an integer of 0 to 8; ⁇ M7, n2 ⁇ n7, l4 ⁇ 16, k6 are each independently 0 5 of an integer.
- the polymerizable groups P 11 to P 74 are represented by the following formulas (P-1) to (P-20).
- these polymerizable groups are polymerized by radical polymerization, radical addition polymerization, cationic polymerization and anionic polymerization.
- the formula (P-1), formula (P-2), formula (P-3), formula (P-4), formula (P-5), formula (P ⁇ 7), formula (P-11), formula (P-13), formula (P-15) or formula (P-18) are preferred, and formula (P-1), formula (P-2), formula (P-18) P-7), formula (P-11) or formula (P-13) is more preferred, formula (P-1), formula (P-2) or formula (P-3) is more preferred, and formula (P- Particular preference is given to 1) or formula (P-2).
- S 11 to S 72 represent a spacer group or a single bond. When a plurality of S 11 to S 72 are present, they may be the same or different. good.
- the spacer group one —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — are each independently —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C— or the following formula (S-1)
- It preferably represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be replaced by
- a plurality of S may be the same or different, and each independently represents one —CH 2 — or not adjacent 2
- two or more —CH 2 — each independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a single bond that may be independently replaced by —O—, —COO—, or —OCO—, each independently
- an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a single bond and when there are a plurality of alkylene groups, they may be the same or different and each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Is particularly preferred.
- X 11 to X 72 are —O—, —S—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —SCH 2 —, —CH 2 S—, —CF 2 O—, — OCF 2 —, —CF 2 S—, —SCF 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—COO—, —CH ⁇ CH—OCO—, —COO—CH ⁇ CH—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, —COO— CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —COO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —OCO—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —COO—
- X 11 to X 72 When a plurality of X 11 to X 72 are present, they may be the same or different (provided that the P— (S—X) — bond includes -O-O- is not included.) From the viewpoint of easy availability of raw materials and ease of synthesis, when there are a plurality of them, they may be the same or different, and each independently represents —O—, —S—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 -, - OCO- CH 2 CH 2 -, - CH 2 CH 2 -COO -, - it is preferable to represent a CH 2 CH 2 -OCO- or a single bond, each independently -O -, - OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—,
- a 11 and A 12 are each independently 1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexylene group, pyridine-2,5-diyl group, pyrimidine-2. , 5-diyl group, naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group or 1,3-dioxane -2,5-diyl groups, these groups may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L 1 s , but when multiple occurrences of A 11 and / or A 12 are present, each is the same It can be different.
- a 11 and A 12 are each independently an unsubstituted or 1,4-phenylene group that may be substituted with one or more L 1 , 1,4-cyclohexane from the viewpoint of availability of raw materials and ease of synthesis.
- each group independently represents a group selected from formula (A-1) to formula (A-8), and each independently represents a group selected from formula (A-1). It is particularly preferable to represent a group selected from the formula (A-4).
- Z 11 and Z 12 are each independently —O—, —S—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, — CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —OCO—NH—, — NH—COO—, —NH—CO—NH—, —NH—O—, —O—NH—, —SCH 2 —, —CH 2 S—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 S—, —SCF 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—COO—, —CH ⁇ CH—OCO—, —COO—CH ⁇ CH—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —, — OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —,
- Z 11 and Z 12 are each independently a single bond, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —OCO— from the viewpoint of liquid crystallinity of the compound, availability of raw materials, and ease of synthesis.
- M is the following formula (M-1) to formula (M-11)
- M is each independently unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L 1 from the viewpoints of availability of raw materials and ease of synthesis, and the formula (M-1) or the formula (M-2) Alternatively, it preferably represents a group selected from unsubstituted formula (M-3) to (M-6), and may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L 1 . It is more preferable to represent a group selected from (M-2), and it is particularly preferable to represent a group selected from unsubstituted formula (M-1) or (M-2).
- R 11 and R 31 are hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfuranyl group, cyano group, nitro group, isocyano group, A thioisocyano group, or one —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — are each independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted by —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO— or —C ⁇ C—.
- a linear or branched alkyl group is represented, and any hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom in view of easiness of the liquid crystal and synthetic, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, cyano group, or one -CH 2 - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - are each independently It preferably represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may be substituted by —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —O—CO—O—, a hydrogen atom, fluorine It is more preferable to represent an atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or a linear alkyl group or linear alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and a linear alkyl group or linear alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. It is particularly preferred to represent.
- G represents a group selected from the formulas (G-1) to (G-6).
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- hydrogen atom may be substituted by a fluorine atom, one -CH 2 in the alkyl group - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - are each independently -O -, - S-, By —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO— or —C ⁇ C—.
- W 81 represents a group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms having at least one aromatic group, and the group may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L 1
- W 82 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and any hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be fluorine.
- W 82 is may represent the same meaning as W 81, W 81 and W 82 is good also form a ring together , Or W 82 is the following groups
- P W82 represents the same meaning as P 11
- S W82 represents the same meaning as S 11
- X W82 represents the same meaning as X 11
- n W82 represents the same meaning as m 11).
- the aromatic group contained in W 81 may be an aromatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclic group may contain both. These aromatic groups may be bonded via a single bond or a linking group (—OCO—, —COO—, —CO—, —O—), and may form a condensed ring. W 81 may contain an acyclic structure and / or a cyclic structure other than the aromatic group in addition to the aromatic group. From the viewpoint of availability of raw materials and ease of synthesis, the aromatic group contained in W 81 is unsubstituted or may be substituted with one or more L 1 from the following formula (W-1) Formula (W-19)
- Q 1 Represents —O—, —S—, —NR 4 — (wherein R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms) or —CO—.
- Each —CH ⁇ may be independently replaced by —N ⁇ , and each —CH 2 — independently represents —O—, —S—, —NR 4 — (wherein R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or carbon Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 atoms.) Or may be replaced by —CO—, but does not include an —O—O— bond, and the group represented by the formula (W-1) is unsubstituted. Or the following formula (W-1-1) to formula (W-1-8) which may be substituted by one or more L 1
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position), preferably a group selected from the group represented by the formula (W-7) is unsubstituted. Or the following formula (W-7-1) to formula (W-7-7) which may be substituted by one or more L 1
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position), preferably a group selected from the group represented by formula (W-10) is unsubstituted. Or one or more of L 1 may be substituted by the following formulas (W-10-1) to (W-10-8)
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the group represented by the formula (W-12) include the following formula (W-12-1) to formula (W-12-19) which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more L 1 groups. )
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, each identical if R 6 there are a plurality of It is preferable that the group represented by the formula (W-13) is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L 1 groups.
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, each identical if R 6 there are a plurality of It is preferable that the group represented by the formula (W-14) is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L 1 groups.
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).
- the group represented by the formula (W-15) may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more L 1 from the following formulas (W-15-1) to (W-15-18) )
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- these groups may have a bond at an arbitrary position, and R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the group represented by the formula (W-18) include the following formulas (W-18-1) to (W-18-6) which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more L 1 groups.
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, each identical if R 6 there are a plurality of It is preferable that the group represented by the formula (W-19) is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more L 1 groups.
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, each identical if R 6 there are a plurality of Or may be different. It is preferable to represent a group selected from:
- the aromatic group contained in W 81 is unsubstituted or may be substituted by one or more L 1.
- r represents an integer of 0 to 5
- s represents an integer of 0 to 4
- t represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- W 82 represents a hydrogen atom, one —CH 2 —, or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 —, each independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—.
- any hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted by a fluorine atom, or W 82 may represent the same meaning as the W 81, W 81 and W 82 are together And may form a ring structure, or W 82 may be
- P W82 represents the same meaning as P 11
- S W82 represents the same meaning as S 11
- X W82 represents the same meaning as X 11
- n W82 represents the same meaning as m 11).
- W 82 is a hydrogen atom, or an arbitrary hydrogen atom may be substituted with a fluorine atom from the viewpoint of easy availability of raw materials and synthesis, and one —CH 2 — or two not adjacent to each other
- the above —CH 2 — is independently —O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH ⁇ CH—COO—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, —CH ⁇ CH—, — It preferably represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted by CF ⁇ CF— or —C ⁇ C—, and represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- W 82 represents a linear or branched alkyl group, and particularly preferably represents a hydrogen atom or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- W 82 may be different even identical to W 81, the preferred group is the same as described for W 81.
- the cyclic group represented by —NW 81 W 82 may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more L 1 Formula (Wb-1) to Formula (Wb-42)
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- Wb-20 Formula (Wb-21), Formula (Wb-22), Formula (Wb-23), Formula (Wb) that may be substituted by one or more L 1
- CW 81 W 82 may be unsubstituted or may be substituted with one or more L 1.
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of R 6 s , they may be the same or different from each other).
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of R 6 s , they may be the same or different from each other.
- Formula (Wc-11), Formula (Wc-12), which may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more L, Formula (Wc-13), Formula (Wc-14), Formula (Wc-53), Formula (Wc-54), Formula (Wc-55), Formula (Wc -56), a group selected from formula (Wc-57) or formula (Wc-78) is particularly preferred.
- W 82 is the following group
- preferred P W82 is the same as described for P 11
- preferred S W82 is the same as described for S 11
- preferred X W82 is the same as described for X 11
- preferred n W82 is This is the same as described for m11.
- the total number of ⁇ electrons contained in W 81 and W 82 is preferably 4 to 24 from the viewpoint of wavelength dispersion characteristics, storage stability, liquid crystallinity, and ease of synthesis.
- W 83 and W 84 each independently has 5 to 30 carbon atoms having a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, a carbamoyloxy group, an amino group, a sulfamoyl group, or at least one aromatic group.
- a cyano group, a carboxyl group, one —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —C H 2 — is each independently substituted by —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO— or —C ⁇ C—
- W84 is a cyano group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, one —CH 2 — or adjacent group.
- Two or more —CH 2 — that are not present are each independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O.
- L 1 is a fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfuranyl group, nitro group, isocyano group, amino group, hydroxyl group, mercapto group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, diethylamino group, diisopropylamino.
- L 1 represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a pentafluorosulfuranyl group, a nitro group, a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a diisopropylamino group, or an arbitrary hydrogen.
- the atom may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and one —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — are each independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO.
- m11 represents an integer of 0 to 8, and preferably represents an integer of 0 to 4 from the viewpoint of liquid crystallinity, availability of raw materials and ease of synthesis, and an integer of 0 to 2 Is more preferable, 0 or 1 is more preferable, and 1 is particularly preferable.
- m2 to m7 represent an integer of 0 to 5, but represent an integer of 0 to 4 from the viewpoints of liquid crystallinity, availability of raw materials, and ease of synthesis. Is preferable, it is more preferably an integer of 0 to 2, more preferably 0 or 1, and particularly preferably 1.
- j11 and j12 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 5, but j11 + j12 represents an integer of 2 to 5. From the viewpoints of liquid crystallinity, ease of synthesis, and storage stability, j11 and j12 each independently preferably represent an integer of 1 to 4, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2. It is particularly preferred to represent. j11 + j12 preferably represents an integer of 2 to 4.
- the compounds represented by the general formula (1) are preferably compounds represented by the following formulas (1-a-1) to (1-a-105).
- liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (2-a-1) to formula (2-a-61).
- n represents an integer of 1 to 10.
- liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- P 43 - ( S 43 -X 43) l4 - group represented by binds to A 11 or A 12 in the general formula (a).
- compounds represented by the following formulas (4-a-1) to (4-a-26) are preferable.
- liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compound represented by the general formula (5) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (5-a-1) to formula (5-a-29).
- n 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more. You can also.
- the compound represented by the general formula (7) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (7-a-1) to formula (7-a-26).
- liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total content of the polymerizable compounds having one or two or more polymerizable groups is preferably 60 to 100% by mass based on the total amount of the polymerizable compounds used in the polymerizable composition, and is preferably 65 to 98%. More preferably, it is contained in an amount of 70 to 95% by mass.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention contains at least one fluorosurfactant (III) selected from the group consisting of compounds having a pentaerythritol skeleton or a dipentaerythritol skeleton.
- fluorosurfactant selected from the group consisting of compounds having a pentaerythritol skeleton or a dipentaerythritol skeleton.
- the fluorine-based surfactant is preferably composed of only carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, fluorine atoms, and sulfur atoms.
- the surfactant composed of these atoms is the same as the atoms constituting the structure (spacer (Sp) portion or mesogen (MG) portion) other than the terminal portion (terminal group) of the polymerizable compound used in the present invention. Therefore, it is considered that the compatibility with the polymerizable compound is increased.
- Examples of the compound having a pentaerythritol skeleton include compounds represented by the following general formula (III-1).
- X 1 represents an alkylene group
- s 1 represents a numerical value of 1 to 80
- s 2 to s 4 each independently represents a numerical value of 0 to 79
- s 1 + s 2 + s 3 + s 4 represents a numerical value of 4 to 80.
- 1 represents a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group
- a 2 to A 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group.
- X 1 represents an alkylene group, preferably an ethylene group or a propylene group, and more preferably an ethylene group.
- s1 represents a numerical value of 1 to 80, preferably 1 to 60, particularly preferably 1 to 40
- s2 to s4 are each independently a numerical value of 0 to 79. Is preferably 0 to 65, particularly preferably 0 to 50
- s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 represents a numerical value of 4 to 80, preferably 4 to 40, and particularly preferably 4 to 30.
- a 1 represents a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group, and the fluoroalkyl group or fluoroalkenyl group preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 9 carbon atoms. It may be chain or branched.
- a 2 to A 4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group, and the fluoroalkyl group or fluoroalkenyl group preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms. To 9 are more preferable, and may be linear or branched.
- a 1 to A 4 are preferably a fluoroalkenyl group, and particularly preferably a branched fluorononenyl group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (III-1) is produced, for example, by adding an alkylene oxide to pentaerythritol and then substituting the active hydrogen at the terminal of the adduct with a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group.
- a hydrocarbon group such as a long-chain alkyl, a reactive functional group such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or a glycidyl group may be introduced to an active hydrogen group into which a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group has not been introduced. Good.
- Examples of the compound having a pentaerythritol skeleton include those represented by the following general formula (III-1a).
- a 1 represents any one of the following formulas (Rf-1-1) to (Rf-1-8), and A 2 to A 4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, or Any one of (Rf-1-1) to (Rf-1-9) is represented.
- n represents an integer of 4 to 6.
- m is an integer of 1 to 5.
- N is an integer of 0 to 4, and the sum of m and n is 4 to 5.
- m is an integer of 0 to 4, and n is 1 to 4
- p is an integer of 0 to 4 and the sum of m, n and p is 4 to 5.
- s1 represents a numerical value of 1 to 80, preferably 1 to 60, particularly preferably 1 to 40
- s2 to s4 each independently represents a numerical value of 0 to 79, preferably Is 0 to 65, particularly preferably 0 to 50
- s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 represents a numerical value of 4 to 80, preferably 4 to 40, and particularly preferably 4 to 30.
- X 2 , X 3 , X 4 and X 5 each independently represents a single bond, —O—, —S—, —CO—, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an oxyalkylene group
- a 5 represents a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group
- a 6 to A 10 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group.
- a 5 represents a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group, and the fluoroalkyl group or fluoroalkenyl group preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 9 carbon atoms. It may be chain or branched.
- a 6 to A 10 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group, and the fluoroalkyl group or fluoroalkenyl group preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, 4 to 9 are more preferable, and it may be linear or branched.
- a 5 is preferably a fluoroalkyl group, particularly preferably a linear fluoroalkyl group
- a 6 to A 10 are preferably an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group or a fluoroalkyl group, an acryloyl group or a linear fluoroalkyl group. Is particularly preferred. It is particularly preferable that at least one of A 6 to A 10 is an acryloyl group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (III-2) is produced, for example, by reacting a polyfunctional acrylate of dipentaerythritol with a monothiol monomer having a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkenyl group by Michael addition.
- Examples of the compound having a dipentaerythritol skeleton include those represented by the following general formula (III-2a).
- Rf-2- 1 represents any one group of formula (Rf-2-8).
- n represents an integer of 4 to 6.
- m is an integer of 1 to 5.
- N is an integer of 0 to 4, and the sum of m and n is 4 to 5.
- m is an integer of 0 to 4, and n is 1 to 4
- p is an integer of 0 to 4 and the sum of m, n and p is 4 to 5.
- the addition amount of the fluorosurfactant is preferably 0.005 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 3% by mass, based on the total amount of the polymerizable compound and the chiral compound. More preferably, the content is 0.05 to 2.0% by mass.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain a polymerization initiator as necessary.
- the polymerization initiator used in the polymerizable composition of the present invention is used for polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention.
- the photopolymerization initiator used when the polymerization is carried out by light irradiation is not particularly limited, and known and conventional ones can be used as long as they do not hinder the orientation state of the polymerizable compound to be used.
- a photoacid generator can be used as the photocationic initiator.
- the photoacid generator include diazodisulfone compounds, triphenylsulfonium compounds, phenylsulfone compounds, sulfonylpyridine compounds, triazine compounds, and diphenyliodonium compounds.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably from 0.1 to 10% by mass, particularly preferably from 1 to 6% by mass, based on the total amount of the polymerizable compounds contained in the polymerizable composition. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- thermal polymerization initiator used in the thermal polymerization known ones can be used.
- methyl acetoacetate peroxide cumene hydroperoxide, benzoyl peroxide, bis (4-t-butylcyclohexyl) Peroxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxybenzoate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, 1,1-bis (t-hexylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, p-pentahydroperoxide, t-butylhydro
- Organic peroxides such as peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, isobutyl peroxide, di (3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl) peroxydicarbonate, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2'-azobisisobutyronitrile 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) and other azonitrile compounds
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain an organic solvent as necessary.
- an organic solvent to be used the organic solvent in which the said polymeric compound shows favorable solubility is preferable, and it is preferable that it is an organic solvent which can be dried at the temperature of 100 degrees C or less.
- organic solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, cumene, and mesitylene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, cyclohexyl acetate, 3-butoxymethyl acetate, and ethyl lactate.
- Ester solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, anisole, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2- Amido solvents such as pyrrolidone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl Propyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, .gamma.-butyrolactone and chlorobenzene, and the like.
- ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone
- ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran,
- the ratio of the organic solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as the applied state is not significantly impaired since the polymerizable composition used in the present invention is usually applied, but the total of the polymerizable compounds in the polymerizable composition
- the content ratio of the amount is preferably from 0.1 to 99% by mass, more preferably from 5 to 60% by mass, and particularly preferably from 10 to 50% by mass.
- the polymerizable compound when it is dissolved in the organic solvent, it is preferably heated and stirred in order to uniformly dissolve the polymerizable compound.
- the heating temperature at the time of heating and stirring may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the solubility of the polymerizable compound used in the organic solvent, but is preferably 15 ° C. to 130 ° C., more preferably 30 ° C. to 110 ° C. from the viewpoint of productivity. 50 ° C. to 100 ° C. is particularly preferable.
- additives can be used according to each purpose.
- a polymerization inhibitor an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, an alignment controller, a chain transfer agent, an infrared absorber, a thixotropic agent, an antistatic agent, a dye, a filler, a chiral compound, a non-liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group
- additives such as liquid crystal compounds and alignment materials can be added to such an extent that the alignment of the liquid crystal is not significantly reduced.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain a polymerization inhibitor as necessary.
- a polymerization inhibitor to be used, A well-known usual thing can be used.
- p-methoxyphenol, cresol, t-butylcatechol, 3.5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene 2.2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 2.2 '-Methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4.4'-thiobis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, 4,4'-dialkoxy-2 Phenol compounds such as 2,2'-bi-1-naphthol, hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, tert-butylhydroquinone, p-benzoquinone, methyl-p-benzoquinone, tert-
- N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine Ni-propyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N- (1.3-dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N.I.
- Amine compounds such as N′-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, N-phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, 4.4′-dicumyl-diphenylamine, 4.4′-dioctyl-diphenylamine, phenothiazine, Thioether compounds such as distearyl thiodipropionate, N-nitrosodiphenylamine, N-nitrosophenylnaphthylamine, N-nitrosodinaphthylamine, p-nitrosophenol, nitrosobenzene, p-nitrosodiphenylamine, ⁇ -nitroso- ⁇ -naphthol N, N-dimethyl p-nitrosoaniline, p-nitrosodiphenylamine, p-nitronedimethylamine, p-nitrone-N, N-diethylamine, N
- the addition amount of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass and preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by mass with respect to the total amount of the polymerizable compounds contained in the polymerizable composition. Is more preferable.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain an antioxidant and the like as necessary.
- antioxidants include hydroquinone derivatives, nitrosamine polymerization inhibitors, hindered phenol antioxidants, and more specifically, tert-butyl hydroquinone, “Q-1300” manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the addition amount of the antioxidant is preferably 0.01 to 2.0% by mass, and preferably 0.05 to 1.0% by mass with respect to the total amount of the polymerizable compounds contained in the polymerizable composition. Is more preferable.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain an ultraviolet absorber and a light stabilizer as necessary.
- the ultraviolet absorber and light stabilizer to be used are not particularly limited, those which improve light resistance such as an optical anisotropic body and an optical film are preferable.
- UV absorber examples include 2- (2-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole “Tinuvin PS”, “Tinuvin 99-2”, “Tinuvin 109”, “TINUVIN 213”, “TINUVIN 234”, “TINUVIN 326”, “TINUVIN 328”, “TINUVIN 329”, “TINUVIN 384-2”, “TINUVIN 571”, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4,6-bis (1-Methyl-1-phenylethyl) phenol “TINUVIN 900”, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -6- (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) -4- (1,1,3 , 3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol “TINUVIN 928”, TINUVIN 1130, TINUVIN 400, TINUVIN 405, 2,4-bis [2-hydroxy-4-butoxyphenyl] -6- (2,4-dibutoxyphenyl) -1
- Examples of the light stabilizer include “TINUVIN 111FDL”, “TINUVIN 123”, “TINUVIN 144”, “TINUVIN 152”, “TINUVIN 292”, “TINUVIN 622”, “TINUVIN 770”, “TINUVIN 765”, “TINUVIN 780”.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain an alignment controller in order to control the alignment state of the liquid crystal compound.
- the alignment control agent to be used include those in which the liquid crystalline compound is substantially horizontally aligned, substantially vertically aligned, or substantially hybridly aligned with respect to the substrate.
- a chiral compound when added, those which are substantially planarly oriented can be mentioned.
- horizontal alignment and planar alignment may be induced by the surfactant, but there is no particular limitation as long as each alignment state is induced, and a known and conventional one should be used. Can do.
- a weight average molecular weight having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (8) having an effect of effectively reducing the tilt angle of the air interface when an optical anisotropic body is used Is a compound having a molecular weight of 100 or more and 1000000 or less.
- R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and one hydrocarbon atom in the hydrocarbon group) It may be substituted with the above halogen atoms.
- a rod-like liquid crystal compound modified with a fluoroalkyl group a discotic liquid crystal compound, a polymerizable compound containing a long-chain aliphatic alkyl group which may have a branched structure, and the like are also included.
- As an optically anisotropic material it has the effect of effectively increasing the tilt angle at the air interface.
- Cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, and heteroaromatic ring salt modified rod-like liquid crystal Examples thereof include a compound, a rod-like liquid crystal compound modified with a cyano group, and a cyanoalkyl group.
- Chain transfer agent The polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain a chain transfer agent in order to further improve the adhesion between the polymer or optical anisotropic body and the substrate.
- Chain transfer agents include aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetrabromide, bromotrichloromethane, octyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, n-pentyl mercaptan, and n-hexa.
- Mercaptan compounds such as decyl mercaptan, n-tetradecylmer, n-dodecylmercaptan, t-tetradecylmercaptan, t-dodecylmercaptan, hexanedithiol, decandithiol, 1,4-butanediol bisthiopropionate, 1,4 -Butanediol bisthioglycolate, ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate, ethylene glycol bisthiopropionate, trimethylolpropane tristhioglycolate, trimethylolpropane tristhiopropionate, trimethylo Rupropanetris (3-mercaptobutyrate), pentaerythritol tetrakisthioglycolate, pentaerythritol tetrakisthiopropionate, trimercaptopropionic acid tris (2-hydroxyeth
- R 95 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and one or more methylene groups in the alkyl group are oxygen atoms.
- a sulfur atom that is not directly bonded to each other may be substituted with an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, —CO—, —OCO—, —COO—, or —CH ⁇ CH—
- R 96 is a carbon atom Represents an alkylene group of 2 to 18, and one or more methylene groups in the alkylene group are oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, —CO—, —OCO—, wherein oxygen atoms and sulfur atoms are not directly bonded to each other.
- —COO—, or —CH ⁇ CH— may be substituted.
- the chain transfer agent is preferably added in a step of preparing a polymerizable solution by mixing a polymerizable compound in an organic solvent and heating and stirring, but it is added in a step of mixing a polymerization initiator in the subsequent polymerizable solution. It may be added in both steps.
- the addition amount of the chain transfer agent is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, and preferably 1.0 to 5.0% by mass, based on the total amount of polymerizable compounds contained in the polymerizable composition. More preferred.
- liquid crystal compounds that are not polymerizable can be added as necessary to adjust the physical properties.
- a polymerizable compound having no liquid crystallinity is preferably added in the step of preparing a polymerizable solution by mixing the polymerizable compound with an organic solvent and stirring under heating. You may add in the process of mixing a polymerization initiator with a solution, and may add in both processes.
- the amount of these compounds added is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and still more preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the polymerizable composition.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain an infrared absorber as necessary.
- the infrared absorber to be used is not particularly limited, and any known and conventional one can be contained within a range not disturbing the orientation.
- Examples of the infrared absorber include cyanine compounds, phthalocyanine compounds, naphthoquinone compounds, dithiol compounds, diimmonium compounds, azo compounds, and aluminum salts.
- diimmonium salt type “NIR-IM1”, aluminum salt type “NIR-AM1” manufactured by Nagase Chemtech Co., Ltd.
- Karenz IR-T aluminum salt type
- Karenz IR-13F Showa Denko Co., Ltd.
- YKR-2200 "YKR-2100”
- IRA908 "IRA931”
- IRA955" "IRA1034"
- INDECO Corporation INDECO Corporation
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain an antistatic agent as necessary.
- the antistatic agent to be used is not particularly limited, and a known and commonly used antistatic agent can be contained as long as the orientation is not disturbed.
- examples of such an antistatic agent include a polymer compound having at least one sulfonate group or phosphate group in the molecule, a compound having a quaternary ammonium salt, a surfactant having a polymerizable group, and the like.
- surfactants having a polymerizable group are preferred.
- anionic surfactants such as “Antox SAD” and “Antox MS-2N” Made by company), “AQUALON KH-05”, “AQUALON KH-10”, “AQUALON KH-20”, “AQUALON KH-0530”, “AQUALON KH-1025” (above, manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), Alkyl ethers such as “ADEKA rear soap SR-10N”, “ADEKA rear soap SR-20N” (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation), “Latemul PD-104” (manufactured by Kao Corporation), etc., “Latemuru S-120” “Latemul S-120A”, “Latemul S-180P”, “Latemul S-180A” (manufactured by Kao Corporation), “Eleminor” S-2 "(manufactureured by Kao Corporation), “Eleminor” S-2 "(
- nonionic surfactants having a polymerizable group include, for example, “Antox LMA-20”, “Antox LMA-27”, “Antox EMH-20”, “Antox LMH— 20, “Antox SMH-20” (manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd.), “Adekalia Soap ER-10”, “Adekalia Soap ER-20”, “Adekalia Soap ER-30”, “Adekalia Soap” ER-40 "(above, manufactured by ADEKA Corporation),” Latemul PD-420 “,” Latemuru PD-430 “,” Latemuru PD-450 “(above, manufactured by Kao Corporation), etc.
- RN-10 Aqualon RN-20, Aqualon RN-30, Aqualon RN-50, Aqualon RN-2025 ( (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), “Adekalia Soap NE-10”, “Adekalia Soap NE-20”, “Adekalia Soap NE-30”, “Adekalia Soap NE-40” (Meth) acrylate sulfuric acid such as alkylphenyl ether type or alkylphenyl ester type such as “RMA-564”, “RMA-568”, “RMA-1114” (above, manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd.) An ester type is mentioned.
- antistatic agents examples include polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, propoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, and n-butoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate.
- the antistatic agent can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the antistatic agent added is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total amount of polymerizable compounds contained in the polymerizable composition.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain a dye as necessary.
- the dye to be used is not particularly limited, and may include known and commonly used dyes as long as the orientation is not disturbed.
- Examples of the dye include a dichroic dye and a fluorescent dye.
- Examples of such dyes include polyazo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, cyanine dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, perylene dyes, perinone dyes, squarylium dyes and the like. From the viewpoint of addition, the dye is preferably a liquid crystal dye. .
- dichroic dye examples include the following formulas (d-1) to (d-8)
- the addition amount of the dichroic dye or the like is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the polymerizable compounds contained in the polymerizable composition. preferable.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain a filler as necessary.
- the filler to be used is not particularly limited, and may contain known and commonly used fillers as long as the thermal conductivity of the obtained polymer is not lowered.
- Examples of the filler include inorganic fillers such as alumina, titanium white, aluminum hydroxide, talc, clay, mica, barium titanate, zinc oxide, and glass fiber, metal powder such as silver powder and copper powder, aluminum nitride, and nitride.
- Thermally conductive fillers such as boron, silicon nitride, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, magnesia (aluminum oxide), alumina (aluminum oxide), crystalline silica (silicon oxide), fused silica (silicon oxide), silver nanoparticles, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention may contain a chiral compound for the purpose of obtaining a chiral nematic phase.
- the chiral compound itself does not need to exhibit liquid crystallinity, and may or may not have a polymerizable group.
- the direction of the spiral of the chiral compound can be appropriately selected depending on the intended use of the polymer.
- the chiral compound having a polymerizable group is not particularly limited, and known and conventional ones can be used, but a chiral compound having a large helical twisting power (HTP) is preferable.
- the polymerizable group is preferably a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, an allyl group, an allyloxy group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, a glycidyl group, or an oxetanyl group, and particularly preferably an acryloyloxy group, a glycidyl group, or an oxetanyl group.
- the compounding amount of the chiral compound needs to be appropriately adjusted depending on the helical induction force of the compound, but it should be contained in an amount of 0.5 to 80% by mass based on the total amount of the liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group and the chiral compound.
- the content is preferably 3 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass.
- chiral compound examples include compounds represented by the following general formulas (10-1) to (10-4), but are not limited to the following general formulas.
- Sp 5a and Sp 5b each independently represent an alkylene group having 0 to 18 carbon atoms, and the alkylene group is a carbon atom having one or more halogen atoms, CN groups, or polymerizable functional groups.
- A5 and A6 are each independently 1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-cyclohexenyl group, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl group, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl group, tetrahydrothiopyran-2,5-diyl group, 1,4-bicyclo (2,2,2) octylene group, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl
- R 5a and R 5b represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms or CN.
- R 5a and R 5b are represented by the general formula (10-a)
- P 5a represents a polymerizable functional group
- Sp 5a represents the same meaning as Sp 1
- P 5a represents a substituent selected from the polymerizable groups represented by the following formulas (P-1) to (P-20).
- chiral compound examples include compounds represented by the following general formulas (10-5) to (10-31).
- n and n each independently represents an integer of 1 to 10
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a fluorine atom. These may be the same or different.
- chiral compound having no polymerizable group examples include, for example, pelargonic acid cholesterol having a cholesteryl group as a chiral group, cholesterol stearate, and a product of BDH having a 2-methylbutyl group as a chiral group.
- the value obtained by dividing the thickness (d) of the polymer obtained by the helical pitch (P) in the polymer (d / P) is preferably added in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 100, and more preferably in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 20.
- Non-liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group In the polymerizable composition of the present invention, a compound having a polymerizable group but not a liquid crystal compound can be added. Such a compound can be used without particular limitation as long as it is generally recognized as a polymerizable monomer or polymerizable oligomer in this technical field. When adding, it is preferable that it is 15 mass% or less with respect to the total amount of the polymeric liquid compound used for the polymeric composition of this invention, and 10 mass% or less is still more preferable.
- the polymerizable composition used in the present invention can contain a liquid crystalline compound having one or more polymerizable groups in addition to the liquid crystalline compounds of the general formulas (1) to (7). However, if the addition amount is too large, the retardation ratio may increase when used as a retardation plate. When added, the total amount of the polymerizable liquid compound used in the polymerizable composition of the present invention may be increased. It is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 5% by mass or less.
- X 11 to X 72 may be different from each other, and X 11 to X 72 are —O—, —S—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, — S—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —SCH 2 —, —CH 2 S—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CF 2 S—, —SCF 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—COO—, —CH ⁇ CH—OCO—, —COO—CH ⁇ CH—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —,
- MG 11 to MG 71 each independently represents the formula (b);
- a 83 and A 84 are each independently 1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexylene group, pyridine-2,5-diyl group, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl group, naphthalene-2.
- Z 83 and Z 84 are each independently —O—, —S—, —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO.
- L 2 is fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfuranyl group, nitro group, isocyano group, amino group, hydroxyl group, mercapto group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, diethylamino group, diisopropylamino.
- L 2 when a plurality of L 2 are present in the compound, they may be the same or different, m represents an integer of 0 to 8, and j83 and j84 each independently represents an integer of 0 to 5. J83 + j84 represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- R 11 and R 31 are hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfuranyl group, cyano group, nitro group, isocyano group, thioisocyano group, or carbon number of 1 to 20
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and any hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- One —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — are each independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—.
- m11 represents an integer of 0 to 8; ⁇ M7, n2 ⁇ n7, l4 ⁇ 16, k6 are each independently 0 5 of an integer.
- general formula (7) is excluded from general formula (1).
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1-b) include compounds represented by the following formulas (1-b-1) to (1-b-39).
- R 111 and R 112 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a fluorine atom.
- R 113 is a hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, pentafluorosulfuranyl group, cyano group, nitro group, isocyano group, thioisocyano group, or one —CH 2 — or adjacent Two or more —CH 2 — are each independently —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2-b) include compounds represented by the following formulas (2-b-1) to (2-b-33).
- n and n each independently represents an integer of 1 to 18, and R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cyano group.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cyano group.
- these groups are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, they may be all unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
- These liquid crystal compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (3-b) include compounds represented by the following formulas (3-b-1) to (3-b-16).
- liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (4-b) include compounds represented by the following formulas (4-b-1) to (4-b-29).
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cyano group.
- these groups are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, they may be all unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
- These liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (5-b) include compounds represented by the following formulas (5-b-1) to (5-b-26).
- each n independently represents an integer of 1 to 10.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cyano group.
- the group is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, all of them may be unsubstituted or may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
- These liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (6-b) include compounds represented by the following formulas (6-b-1) to (6-b-23).
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, In the case where these groups are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, they are all unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms.
- These liquid crystalline compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (7-b) include compounds represented by the following formulas (7-b-1) to (7-b-25).
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cyano group. These groups are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or carbon atoms. In the case of the alkoxy groups of 1 to 6, all may be unsubstituted, or may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms.) These liquid crystalline compounds may be used alone. It can also be used in combination of two or more.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention may contain an alignment material that improves the orientation in order to improve the orientation.
- the alignment material to be used may be a known and usual one as long as it is soluble in a solvent capable of dissolving the liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group used in the polymerizable composition of the present invention. It can be added as long as the orientation is not significantly deteriorated. Specifically, it is preferably 0.05 to 30% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 10% by weight based on the total amount of the polymerizable compounds contained in the polymerizable composition.
- the alignment material is polyimide, polyamide, BCB (Penzocyclobutene Polymer), polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyphenylene ether, polyarylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, epoxy resin, epoxy acrylate resin, acrylic Resin, coumarin compound, chalcone compound, cinnamate compound, fulgide compound, anthraquinone compound, azo compound, arylethene compound, and other compounds that can be photoisomerized or photodimerized, but materials that are oriented by UV irradiation or visible light irradiation (Photo-alignment material) is preferable.
- photo-alignment material examples include polyimide having a cyclic cycloalkane, wholly aromatic polyarylate, polyvinyl cinnamate as disclosed in JP-A-5-232473, polyvinyl ester of paramethoxycinnamic acid, and JP-A-6-6. 287453, cinnamate derivatives as shown in JP-A-6-289374, maleimide derivatives as shown in JP-A-2002-265541, and the like. Specifically, compounds represented by the following formulas (12-1) to (12-7) are preferable.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, a nitro group
- R ′ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. May be linear or branched, and any hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and one —CH 2 — or adjacent group in the alkyl group may be substituted.
- two or more —CH 2 — groups independently represent —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —O—.
- the polymer of the present invention is obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention in a state containing a polymerization initiator.
- the polymer of the present invention is used for optical anisotropic bodies, retardation films, lenses, colorants, printed materials and the like.
- optical anisotropic body manufacturing method (Optical anisotropic)
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention is coated on a substrate or a substrate having an alignment function, and the liquid crystal molecules in the polymerizable composition of the present invention are uniformly distributed while maintaining a nematic phase or a smectic phase. By aligning and polymerizing, the optical anisotropic body of the present invention is obtained.
- the base material used for the optical anisotropic body of the present invention is a base material usually used for liquid crystal display elements, organic light emitting display elements, other display elements, optical components, colorants, markings, printed matter and optical films, If it is the material which has heat resistance which can endure the heating at the time of drying after application
- base materials include glass base materials, metal base materials, ceramic base materials, plastic base materials, and organic materials such as paper.
- the substrate when the substrate is an organic material, examples thereof include cellulose derivatives, polyolefins, polyesters, polyolefins, polycarbonates, polyacrylates, polyarylates, polyether sulfones, polyimides, polyphenylene sulfides, polyphenylene ethers, nylons, and polystyrenes.
- plastic substrates such as polyester, polystyrene, polyolefin, cellulose derivatives, polyarylate, and polycarbonate are preferable.
- a shape of a base material you may have a curved surface other than a flat plate. These base materials may have an electrode layer, an antireflection function, and a reflection function as needed.
- surface treatment of these substrates may be performed.
- the surface treatment include ozone treatment, plasma treatment, corona treatment, silane coupling treatment, and the like.
- an organic thin film, an inorganic oxide thin film, a metal thin film, etc. are provided on the surface of the substrate by a method such as vapor deposition, or in order to add optical added value.
- the material may be a pickup lens, a rod lens, an optical disk, a retardation film, a light diffusion film, a color filter, or the like. Among these, a pickup lens, a retardation film, a light diffusion film, and a color filter that have higher added value are preferable.
- the base material may be subjected to a normal orientation treatment or may be provided with an orientation film so that the polymerizable composition is oriented when the polymerizable composition of the present invention is applied and dried.
- the alignment treatment include stretching treatment, rubbing treatment, polarized ultraviolet visible light irradiation treatment, ion beam treatment, oblique deposition treatment of SiO 2 on the substrate, and the like.
- the alignment film is used, a known and conventional alignment film is used.
- Such alignment films include polyimide, polysiloxane, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyphenylene ether, polyarylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfone, epoxy resin, epoxy acrylate resin, acrylic resin, azo compound, coumarin.
- Examples thereof include compounds such as compounds, chalcone compounds, cinnamate compounds, fulgide compounds, anthraquinone compounds, azo compounds and arylethene compounds, and polymers and copolymers of the above compounds.
- the compound subjected to the alignment treatment by rubbing is preferably an alignment treatment or a compound in which crystallization of the material is promoted by inserting a heating step after the alignment treatment.
- liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the direction in which the substrate is aligned in the vicinity of the substrate. Whether the liquid crystal molecules are aligned horizontally with respect to the substrate or inclined or perpendicular to the substrate is greatly influenced by the alignment treatment method for the substrate. For example, when an alignment film having a very small pretilt angle as used in an in-plane switching (IPS) type liquid crystal display element is provided on a substrate, a polymerizable liquid crystal layer aligned substantially horizontally can be obtained.
- IPS in-plane switching
- an alignment film used for a TN type liquid crystal display element is provided on the substrate, a polymerizable liquid crystal layer having a slightly inclined alignment is obtained, and the alignment film used for an STN type liquid crystal display element is obtained.
- a polymerizable liquid crystal layer having a large alignment gradient can be obtained.
- Application methods for obtaining the optical anisotropic body of the present invention include applicator method, bar coating method, spin coating method, roll coating method, direct gravure coating method, reverse gravure coating method, flexo coating method, ink jet method, and die coating. Methods, cap coating methods, dip coating methods, slit coating methods, spray coating methods, and the like can be used. After applying the polymerizable composition, it is dried.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the polymerizable composition of the present invention are preferably uniformly aligned while maintaining the smectic phase or nematic phase.
- One of the methods is a heat treatment method. Specifically, after coating the polymerizable composition of the present invention on a substrate, the N (nematic phase) -I (isotropic liquid phase) transition temperature (hereinafter abbreviated as the NI transition temperature) of the liquid crystal composition. ) By heating to the above, the liquid crystal composition is brought into an isotropic liquid state. From there, it is gradually cooled as necessary to develop a nematic phase.
- a heat treatment may be performed such that the temperature is maintained for a certain time within a temperature range in which the nematic phase of the polymerizable composition of the present invention is expressed.
- the heating temperature is too high, the polymerizable liquid crystal compound may deteriorate due to an undesirable polymerization reaction. Moreover, when it cools too much, a polymeric composition raise
- By performing such a heat treatment it is possible to produce a homogeneous optical anisotropic body with few alignment defects as compared with a coating method in which coating is simply performed.
- the liquid crystal phase is cooled to a minimum temperature at which phase separation does not occur, that is, is supercooled, and polymerization is performed in a state where the liquid crystal phase is aligned at the temperature.
- a minimum temperature at which phase separation does not occur that is, is supercooled
- polymerization is performed in a state where the liquid crystal phase is aligned at the temperature.
- the polymerization treatment of the dried polymerizable composition is generally performed by light irradiation such as visible ultraviolet rays or heating in a uniformly oriented state.
- light irradiation such as visible ultraviolet rays or heating in a uniformly oriented state.
- the polymerizable composition causes decomposition or the like due to visible ultraviolet light of 420 nm or less, it may be preferable to perform polymerization treatment with visible ultraviolet light of 420 nm or more.
- Examples of the method for polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention include a method of irradiating active energy rays and a thermal polymerization method. However, the reaction proceeds at room temperature without requiring heating, and the active energy rays are irradiated. Among them, a method of irradiating light such as ultraviolet rays is preferable because the operation is simple.
- the temperature at the time of irradiation is preferably set to 30 ° C. or less as much as possible in order to avoid the induction of thermal polymerization of the polymerizable composition by setting the temperature at which the polymerizable composition of the present invention can maintain the liquid crystal phase.
- the polymerizable composition usually has a liquid crystal composition within a range from the C (solid phase) -N (nematic) transition temperature (hereinafter abbreviated as the CN transition temperature) to the NI transition temperature in the temperature rising process. Indicates phase.
- the CN transition temperature N (nematic) transition temperature
- the temperature lowering process since the thermodynamically non-equilibrium state is obtained, there is a case where the liquid crystal state is not solidified even at a temperature below the CN transition temperature. This state is called a supercooled state.
- the liquid crystal composition in a supercooled state is also included in the state in which the liquid crystal phase is retained.
- irradiation with ultraviolet light of 390 nm or less is preferable, and irradiation with light having a wavelength of 250 to 370 nm is most preferable.
- the polymerizable composition causes decomposition or the like due to ultraviolet light of 390 nm or less
- This light is preferably diffused light and unpolarized light.
- Ultraviolet irradiation intensity in the range of 0.05kW / m 2 ⁇ 10kW / m 2 is preferred.
- the range of 0.2 kW / m 2 to 2 kW / m 2 is preferable.
- the ultraviolet intensity is less than 0.05 kW / m 2 , it takes a lot of time to complete the polymerization.
- the strength exceeds 2 kW / m 2 , the liquid crystal molecules in the polymerizable composition tend to be photodegraded, or a large amount of polymerization heat is generated to increase the temperature during the polymerization. May change, and the retardation of the film after polymerization may be distorted.
- the orientation state of the unpolymerized part is changed by applying an electric field, a magnetic field or temperature, and then the unpolymerized part is polymerized.
- An optical anisotropic body having a plurality of regions having orientation directions can also be obtained.
- the orientation is regulated in advance by applying an electric field, magnetic field or temperature to the polymerizable composition in an unpolymerized state, and the state is maintained.
- An optical anisotropic body having a plurality of regions having different orientation directions can also be obtained by irradiating light from above the mask for polymerization.
- optical anisotropic body obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be peeled off from the substrate and used alone as an optical anisotropic body, or can be used as an optical anisotropic body as it is without peeling from the substrate. You can also In particular, since it is difficult to contaminate other members, it is useful when used as a laminated substrate or by being attached to another substrate.
- the retardation film of the present invention contains the optical anisotropic body, and the liquid crystalline compound forms a uniform continuous alignment state with respect to the substrate, and is in-plane with respect to the substrate. It is only necessary to have biaxiality outside, in-plane and out-of-plane, or in-plane.
- an adhesive, an adhesive layer, an adhesive, an adhesive layer, a protective film, a polarizing film, or the like may be laminated.
- a retardation film for example, a positive A plate in which a rod-like liquid crystalline compound is substantially horizontally aligned with respect to a base material, and a negative A plate in which a disk-like liquid crystalline compound is vertically uniaxially oriented with respect to a base material
- a positive C plate in which rod-like liquid crystalline compounds are aligned substantially vertically with respect to the substrate, a rod-like liquid crystalline compound is cholesteric aligned with respect to the substrate, or a negative C in which disc-like liquid crystalline compounds are horizontally aligned uniaxially.
- orientation mode of a plate, a biaxial plate, a positive O plate in which a rod-like liquid crystalline compound is hybrid-aligned with respect to a substrate, and a negative O plate in which a disc-like liquid crystalline compound is hybrid-aligned with respect to a substrate can be applied.
- various orientation modes can be applied without particular limitation as long as the viewing angle dependency is improved.
- orientation modes of positive A plate, negative A plate, positive C plate, negative C plate, biaxial plate, positive O plate, and negative O plate can be applied.
- the positive A plate means an optical anisotropic body in which the polymerizable composition is homogeneously oriented.
- a negative C plate means the optically anisotropic body which made the polymerizable composition the cholesteric orientation.
- a positive A plate as the first retardation layer in order to compensate the viewing angle dependence of polarization axis orthogonality and widen the viewing angle.
- the positive A plate has a refractive index in the in-plane slow axis direction of the film as nx, a refractive index in the in-plane fast axis direction of the film as ny, and a refractive index in the thickness direction of the film as nz.
- the positive A plate preferably has an in-plane retardation value in the range of 30 to 500 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the thickness direction retardation value is not particularly limited.
- the Nz coefficient is preferably in the range of 0.9 to 1.1.
- a so-called negative C plate having negative refractive index anisotropy is preferably used as the second retardation layer.
- a negative C plate may be laminated on a positive A plate.
- the negative C plate has a refractive index nx in the in-plane slow axis direction of the retardation layer, ny in the in-plane fast axis direction of the retardation layer, and a refractive index in the thickness direction of the retardation layer.
- the thickness direction retardation value of the negative C plate is preferably in the range of 20 to 400 nm.
- the refractive index anisotropy in the thickness direction is represented by a thickness direction retardation value Rth defined by the following formula (2).
- a thickness direction retardation value Rth an in-plane retardation value R 0 , a retardation value R 50 measured with a slow axis as an inclination axis and an inclination of 50 °, a film thickness d, and an average refractive index n 0 of the film are used.
- nx, ny, and nz can be obtained by numerical calculation from the equation (1) and the following equations (4) to (7), and these can be substituted into the equation (2).
- R 0 (nx ⁇ ny) ⁇ d (1)
- Rth [(nx + ny) / 2 ⁇ nz] ⁇ d (2)
- Nz coefficient (nx ⁇ nz) / (nx ⁇ ny) (3)
- R 50 (nx ⁇ ny ′) ⁇ d / cos ( ⁇ ) (4)
- ny ′ ny ⁇ nz / [ny 2 ⁇ sin 2 ( ⁇ ) + nz 2 ⁇ cos 2 ( ⁇ )] 1/2 (7)
- the numerical calculation shown here is automatically performed in the device, and the in-plane retardation value R0 , the thickness direction retardation value Rth, etc. are automatically displayed. There are many.
- An example of such a measuring apparatus is RETS-100 (manufactured by Ots, etc
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention is coated on a base material or a base material having an orientation function, or injected into a lens-shaped mold, and uniformly oriented while maintaining a nematic phase or a smectic phase. By polymerizing, it can be used for the lens of the present invention.
- the shape of the lens include a simple cell type, a prism type, and a lenticular type.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention is coated on a substrate or a substrate having an alignment function, and is uniformly aligned and polymerized while maintaining a nematic phase or a smectic phase. It can be used for an element. Examples of usage forms include optical compensation films, patterned retardation films for liquid crystal stereoscopic display elements, retardation correction layers for color filters, overcoat layers, alignment films for liquid crystal media, and the like.
- the liquid crystal display element has a liquid crystal medium layer, a TFT drive circuit, a black matrix layer, a color filter layer, a spacer, and a liquid crystal medium layer at least sandwiched by corresponding electrode circuits on at least two base materials.
- the layer, the polarizing plate layer, and the touch panel layer are arranged outside the two substrates, but in some cases, the optical compensation layer, the overcoat layer, the polarizing plate layer, and the electrode layer for the touch panel are narrowed in the two substrates. May be held.
- Alignment modes of liquid crystal display elements include TN mode, VA mode, IPS mode, FFS mode, OCB mode, etc.
- a phase difference corresponding to the orientation mode is used.
- the liquid crystalline compound in the polymerizable composition may be substantially horizontally aligned with the substrate.
- a liquid crystalline compound having more polymerizable groups in one molecule may be thermally polymerized.
- the organic light emitting display of the present invention can be used for an element.
- it can be used as an antireflection film of an organic light emitting display element by combining the retardation film obtained by the polymerization and a polarizing plate.
- the angle formed by the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate and the slow axis of the retardation film is preferably about 45 °.
- the polarizing plate and the retardation film may be bonded together with an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Moreover, you may laminate
- the polarizing plate used at this time may be in the form of a film doped with a pigment or in the form of a metal such as a wire grid.
- a polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable composition of the present invention in a nematic phase, a smectic phase, or in a state of being oriented on a substrate having an orientation function should be used as a heat dissipation material for an illumination element, particularly a light emitting diode element. You can also.
- the form of the heat dissipation material is preferably a prepreg, a polymer sheet, an adhesive, a sheet with metal foil, or the like.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be used as the optical component of the present invention by polymerizing the polymerizable composition while maintaining a nematic phase or a smectic phase, or in combination with an alignment material.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be used as a colorant by adding a colorant such as a dye or an organic pigment.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be combined with or added to a dichroic dye, a lyotropic liquid crystal, a chromonic liquid crystal, or the like to be used as a polarizing film.
- Irgacure 907 Irg907: manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- Examples 2 to 34, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The polymerizable compositions (2) to 34 of Examples 2 to 34 were prepared under the same conditions as the preparation of the polymerizable composition (1) of Example 1, except that the respective compounds shown in the following table were changed to the ratios shown in the following table. Polymeric compositions (C1) to (C3) of (34) and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were obtained.
- Irgacure 907 Irg907: manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- the following table shows specific compositions of the polymerizable compositions (1) to (36) of Examples 1 to 36 of the present invention and the polymerizable compositions (C1) to (C3) of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- solubility evaluation The solubilities of Examples 1 to 36 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were evaluated as follows. ⁇ : After adjustment, a transparent and uniform state can be visually confirmed. ⁇ : A transparent and uniform state can be visually confirmed when heated and expanded, but precipitation of the compound is confirmed when the temperature is returned to room temperature. X: Even if it heats and stirs, a compound cannot melt
- MEHQ p-methoxyphenol
- the resulting solution was filtered through a 0.20 ⁇ m membrane filter to obtain a polymerizable composition (37) of Example 37.
- the state after allowing the polymerizable composition (37) of the present invention to stand at room temperature for 3 days was visually observed.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention maintained a transparent and uniform state even after one week.
- Examples 38 to 48, Comparative Examples 4 to 5 The polymerizable compositions (38) to (48) of Examples 38 to 48 and the compositions of Examples 38 to 48 were the same as the preparation of the polymerizable composition (37) except that the respective compounds shown in the following table were changed to the ratios shown in the following table. Polymerizable compositions (C4) to (C5) of Comparative Examples 4 to 5 were obtained.
- MEHQ p-methoxyphenol
- a polymerizable composition (50) of Example 50 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 49 except that each compound shown in the following table was changed to the ratio shown in the following table.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention maintained a transparent and uniform state even after one week.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
- Comparative Example 6 A polymerizable composition (C6) of Comparative Example 6 was obtained under the same conditions as the adjustment of the polymerizable composition (51) except that the respective compounds shown in the following table were changed to the ratios shown in the following table. The state after allowing the polymerizable compositions (51) and (52) of the present invention to stand at room temperature for 3 days was visually observed. The polymerizable composition of the present invention maintained a transparent and uniform state even after one week.
- the following table shows specific compositions of the polymerizable compositions (37) to (52) of Examples 37 to 52 of the present invention and the polymerizable compositions (C4) to (C6) of Comparative Examples 4 to 6.
- Example 53 The polyimide solution for alignment film was applied to a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm using a spin coating method, dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then baked at 200 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a coating film. The obtained coating film was rubbed. The rubbing treatment was performed using a commercially available rubbing apparatus.
- the polymerizable composition (1) of the present invention was applied to the rubbed substrate by a spin coating method and dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes.
- the obtained coating film was cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 30 mW / cm 2 for 30 seconds using a high-pressure mercury lamp to obtain an optical anisotropic body as a positive A plate. When the obtained optical anisotropic body was evaluated according to the following criteria, there were no defects visually, and there were no defects even when observed with a polarizing microscope.
- Orientation evaluation Double-circle: There is no defect visually and there is no defect also by polarization microscope observation.
- ⁇ There are no defects visually, but a non-oriented portion exists in part by observation with a polarizing microscope.
- ⁇ There are no defects visually, but there are non-oriented portions as a whole by observation with a polarizing microscope.
- X Some defects are visually observed, and non-oriented portions are present as a whole by observation with a polarizing microscope.
- Phase difference ratio Retardation (retardation) of the optically anisotropic body prepared above was measured with a retardation film / optical material inspection apparatus RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.), and in-plane retardation (Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm). ) was 130 nm.
- the ratio Re (450) / Re (550) between the in-plane retardation (Re (450)) and Re (550) at a wavelength of 450 nm was 0.846, and a retardation film with good uniformity was obtained.
- the TAC film (B) is overlaid on the optically anisotropic polymerizable composition surface (A) prepared above and held at a load of 40 g / cm 2 at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. It was. Thereafter, the film (B) was peeled off, and it was visually observed whether or not the surfactant in the polymerizable composition was offset to the film (B). In addition, when surfactant transfers to a film (B), the part which turned over is observed as it became cloudy. A: Not observed at all. ⁇ : Slightly observed. ⁇ : Slightly observed. X: Observed as a whole.
- Examples 54 to 88, Comparative Examples 7 to 9 Under the same conditions as in Example 53, except that the polymerizable composition used was changed to the polymerizable compositions (2) to (36) of the present invention and the comparative polymerizable compositions (C1) to (C3), respectively.
- the optical anisotropic bodies which are positive A plates of Examples 54 to 88 and the optical anisotropic bodies of Comparative Examples 7 to 9 were obtained.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
- Example 89 A uniaxially stretched PET film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was rubbed using a commercially available rubbing apparatus, and then the polymerizable composition (37) of the present invention was applied by a bar coating method and dried at 80 ° C. for 2 minutes. The obtained coated film is cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at a conveyor speed of 6 m / min using a UV conveyor device (manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.), and is an optical anisotropic body that is a positive A plate of Example 89 Got. The orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53.
- Examples 90 to 100, Comparative Examples 10 to 11 The same conditions as in Example 89 were used except that the polymerizable compositions used were changed to the polymerizable compositions (37) to (48) of the present invention and the comparative polymerizable compositions (C4) to (C5), respectively.
- optical anisotropic bodies which are positive A plates of Examples 90 to 100 and Comparative Examples 10 to 11 were obtained.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53.
- Example 101 An unstretched cycloolefin polymer film “ZEONOR” (manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m was rubbed using a commercially available rubbing apparatus, and then the polymerizable composition (49) of the present invention was applied by a bar coating method. And dried at 80 ° C. for 2 minutes. The obtained coating film is cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays using a UV conveyor device (manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.) at a conveyor speed of 6 m / min. Got.
- a UV conveyor device manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53. As a result of the evaluation of orientation, there were no defects visually, and there were no defects even when observed with a polarizing microscope.
- (Re (550) is 121 nm
- the ratio of in-plane retardation (Re (450)) to Re (550) at a wavelength of 450 nm, Re (450) / Re (550) is 0. It was 814 and the retardation film with favorable uniformity was obtained.
- Example 102 An optical anisotropic body, which is a positive A plate of Example 102, was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 101 except that the polymerizable composition used was changed to the polymerizable composition (50) of the present invention.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
- Example 103 5 parts of a photo-alignment material represented by the following formula (12-4) was dissolved in 95 parts of cyclopentanone to obtain a solution. The obtained solution was filtered with a 0.45 ⁇ m membrane filter to obtain a photo-alignment solution (1). Next, it was applied to a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm by using a spin coating method, dried at 80 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then immediately irradiated with 313 nm linearly polarized light at an intensity of 10 mW / cm 2 for 20 seconds. A membrane (1) was obtained. The polymerizable composition (51) was applied on the obtained photo-alignment film by a spin coating method and dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes.
- the obtained coating film was cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 30 mW / cm 2 for 30 seconds using a high-pressure mercury lamp, to obtain an optical anisotropic body which is a positive A plate of Example 103.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53. As a result of the evaluation of orientation, there were no defects visually, and there were no defects even when observed with a polarizing microscope.
- the in-plane retardation (Re (550)) at a wavelength of 550 nm was 125 nm, and the uniformity was good. A phase difference film was obtained.
- Example 104 5 parts of a photoalignment material represented by the following formula (12-9) is dissolved in 95 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and the resulting solution is filtered through a 0.45 ⁇ m membrane filter to obtain a photoalignment solution (2 ) Next, it was applied to a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm using a spin coating method, dried at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes, further dried at 130 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then immediately applied 313 nm linearly polarized light to 10 mW / cm 2. The photo-alignment film (2) was obtained by irradiating at an intensity of 1 minute.
- the polymerizable composition (51) was applied on the obtained photo-alignment film by a spin coating method and dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes.
- the obtained coating film was cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 30 mW / cm 2 for 30 seconds using a high-pressure mercury lamp, to obtain an optical anisotropic body which is a positive A plate of Example 104.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53. As a result of the evaluation of orientation, there were no defects visually, and there were no defects even when observed with a polarizing microscope.
- the retardation of the obtained optical anisotropic body was measured with RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
- the in-plane retardation (Re (550)) at a wavelength of 550 nm was 120 nm, and the uniformity was good.
- a phase difference film was obtained.
- Example 105 1 part of the photo-alignment material represented by the above formula (12-8) is dissolved in 50 parts of (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethanol and 49 parts of 2-butoxyethanol, and the resulting solution is filtered through a 0.45 ⁇ m membrane filter. As a result, a photo-alignment solution (3) was obtained. Next, it was applied to a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m using a bar coating method, dried at 80 ° C. for 2 minutes, and irradiated with 365 nm linearly polarized light at an intensity of 10 mW / cm 2 for 50 seconds. A photo-alignment film (3) was obtained.
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- the polymerizable composition (51) was applied on the obtained photo-alignment film by a spin coating method and dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes.
- the obtained coating film was cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 30 mW / cm 2 for 30 seconds using a high-pressure mercury lamp, to obtain an optical anisotropic body as a positive A plate of Example 105.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53. As a result of the evaluation of orientation, there were no defects visually, and there were no defects even when observed with a polarizing microscope.
- the retardation of the obtained optical anisotropic body was measured with RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.). As a result, the in-plane retardation (Re (550)) at a wavelength of 550 nm was 137 nm, and the uniformity was good. A phase difference film was obtained.
- Example 106 A 180 ⁇ m-thick PET film was rubbed using a commercially available rubbing apparatus, and then the polymerizable composition (52) of the present invention was applied by a bar coating method and dried at 80 ° C. for 2 minutes. The obtained coating film was cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at a conveyor speed of 5 m / min using a UV conveyor device (manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.) having a lamp output of 2 kW. An optical anisotropic body was obtained. The orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53.
- the obtained optical anisotropic body has a phase difference Re (550) of 137 nm and an in-plane phase difference (Re (450)) / Re (550) ratio Re (450) / Re (550) of 0.872 at a wavelength of 450 nm.
- a retardation film with good uniformity was obtained.
- the repellency of the obtained optical anisotropic body (106) was visually observed, no repellency defects were observed on the coating film surface.
- whether or not the surfactant in the polymerizable composition was set off was visually observed, it was not observed at all.
- a polyvinyl alcohol film having an average degree of polymerization of about 2400 and a saponification degree of 99.9 mol% or more and a thickness of 75 ⁇ m was uniaxially stretched about 5.5 times in a dry manner, and further kept at 60 ° C.
- After being immersed in pure water for 60 seconds it was immersed in an aqueous solution having a weight ratio of iodine / potassium iodide / water of 0.05 / 5/100 at 28 ° C. for 20 seconds. Then, it was immersed in an aqueous solution having a weight ratio of potassium iodide / boric acid / water of 8.5 / 8.5 / 100 at 72 ° C. for 300 seconds.
- the film was washed with pure water at 26 ° C. for 20 seconds and then dried at 65 ° C. to obtain a polarizing film in which iodine was adsorbed and oriented on a polyvinyl alcohol resin.
- the antireflection film of the present invention was obtained by laminating with an adhesive so that the angle between the polarization axis of the obtained polarizing film and the slow axis of the retardation film was 45 °. Furthermore, when the obtained antireflection film and an aluminum plate used as an alternative to the organic light-emitting element were bonded together with an adhesive, the reflection visibility coming from the aluminum plate was visually confirmed from the front and 45 ° obliquely. No plate-derived transfer was observed.
- Examples 107 to 142 The polymerizable compositions (53) to 107 of Examples 107 to 142 were prepared under the same conditions as the preparation of the polymerizable composition (1) of Example 1 except that the respective compounds shown in the following table were changed to the ratios shown in the following table. (88) was obtained.
- the following table shows specific compositions of the polymerizable compositions (53) to (88) of the present invention.
- solubility evaluation The solubility of Examples 107 to 142 was evaluated as follows. ⁇ : After adjustment, a transparent and uniform state can be visually confirmed. ⁇ : A transparent and uniform state can be visually confirmed when heated and expanded, but precipitation of the compound is confirmed when the temperature is returned to room temperature. X: Even if it heats and stirs, a compound cannot melt
- Example 143 A uniaxially stretched PET film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was rubbed using a commercially available rubbing apparatus, and then the polymerizable composition (53) of the present invention was applied by a bar coating method and dried at 90 ° C. for 2 minutes. The obtained coating film is cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at a conveyor speed of 6 m / min using a UV conveyor device (manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.), which is an optical anisotropic body that is a positive A plate of Example 143 Got. The orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53.
- Example 144 to 170 The optical composition which is a positive A plate of Examples 144 to 170 under the same conditions as Example 143, except that the polymerizable composition used was changed to the polymerizable compositions (54) to (80) of the present invention, respectively. I got a cuboid. The orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 53. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
- Examples 171 to 175 The polymerizable compositions (81) to (85) of the present invention were applied by a bar coating method to a film obtained by laminating a silane coupling type vertical alignment film on a COP film substrate, and dried at 90 ° C. for 2 minutes. The obtained coating film was cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at a conveyor speed of 6 m / min using a UV conveyor device (manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.). I got a cuboid. The orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation, and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 89. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
- Examples 176 to 178 A uniaxially stretched PET film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was rubbed using a commercially available rubbing apparatus, and then the polymerizable compositions (86) to (88) of the present invention were applied by the bar coating method and dried at 90 ° C. for 2 minutes. .
- the obtained coating film was cooled to room temperature, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at a conveyor speed of 6 m / min using a UV conveyor device (manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.). I got a cuboid.
- the orientation evaluation, retardation ratio, leveling evaluation, and set-off evaluation of the obtained optical anisotropic body were carried out in the same manner as in Example 89. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
- Irgacure 907 (Irg907) ; BASF Japan Ltd.) 3 parts, Irgacure OXE-01 (Irg.OXE-01; BASF Japan Ltd.) 3 parts, compound represented by formula (H-1) 0.20 part, p-methoxyphenol (MEHQ) 0.1 part, Irganox 1076 (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) 0.1 parts of trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) TMMP (manufactured by SC Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added 2 parts, further subjected to stirring to obtain a solution. The solution was homogeneous.
- Example 179 When the solubility of Example 179 was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, it was transparent and uniform. Further, when the storage stability was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, it was kept transparent and uniform even after being allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 days.
- Example 180 to 182 The polymerizable compositions (90) to 180 of Examples 180 to 182 were the same as the preparation of the polymerizable composition (89) of Example 179 except that the respective compounds shown in the following table were changed to the ratios shown in the following table. (92) was obtained.
- the following table shows specific compositions of the polymerizable compositions (89) to (92) of the present invention.
- Irganox 1076 (I-1076) Trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) (TMMP)
- solubility evaluation The solubility of Examples 179 to 182 was evaluated as follows. ⁇ : After adjustment, a transparent and uniform state can be visually confirmed. ⁇ : A transparent and uniform state can be visually confirmed when heated and expanded, but precipitation of the compound is confirmed when the temperature is returned to room temperature. X: Even if it heats and stirs, a compound cannot melt
- Example 183 The polyimide solution for alignment film was applied to a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm using a spin coating method, dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then baked at 200 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a coating film. The obtained coating film was rubbed. The rubbing treatment was performed using a commercially available rubbing apparatus. The polymerizable composition (89) of the present invention was applied to the rubbed substrate by a spin coating method and dried at 90 ° C. for 2 minutes. The obtained coated film was cooled to room temperature over 2 minutes, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 30 mW / cm 2 for 30 seconds using a high-pressure mercury lamp. Got.
- the polarization degree, transmittance, and contrast of the obtained optical anisotropic body were measured with RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.), the polarization degree was 99.0%, the transmittance was 44.5%, and the contrast was It was 93 and it turned out that it functions as a polarizing film.
- Example 184 The polymerizable composition (90) of the present invention was applied to a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm using a spin coating method, dried at 70 ° C. for 2 minutes, further dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes, and 313 nm in thickness. Linearly polarized light was irradiated at an intensity of 10 mW / cm 2 for 30 seconds. Thereafter, the coating film was returned to room temperature, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 30 mW / cm 2 for 30 seconds using a high-pressure mercury lamp, to obtain an optical anisotropic body which is a positive A plate of Example 184.
- Example 185 An optical anisotropic body which is a positive A plate of Example 185 was obtained under the same conditions as Example 184 except that the polymerizable composition used was changed to the polymerizable composition (91) of the present invention.
- the retardation of the obtained optical anisotropic body was measured with RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
- the in-plane retardation (Re (550)) at a wavelength of 550 nm was 130 nm, and the uniformity was good. A phase difference film was obtained.
- Example 186 An optical anisotropic body, which is a positive A plate of Example 186, was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 184 except that the polymerizable composition used was changed to the polymerizable composition (92) of the present invention.
- the orientation of the obtained optical anisotropic body was evaluated, there was no defect by visual observation, and there was no defect even by observation with a polarizing microscope.
- the retardation of the obtained optical anisotropic body was measured with RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.), the in-plane retardation (Re (550)) at a wavelength of 550 nm was 108 nm, and the uniformity was excellent. A phase difference film was obtained.
- Polymerizable compositions (1) to (92) of the present invention using surfactants represented by formulas (H-1) to (H-3) are excellent in solubility and storage stability, and are formed from optically anisotropic bodies (Examples 53 to 106, Examples 143 to 178, and Polymeric compositions (1) to (92)).
- the leveling evaluation, the set-off evaluation, and the orientation evaluation results are all good, and it can be said that the productivity is excellent.
- a polymerizable composition using a fluorosurfactant having a pentaerythritol skeleton and an ethylene oxide group had very good results in leveling evaluation, set-off evaluation, and orientation evaluation.
- a monomolecular fluorine-based surfactant having no pentaerythritol skeleton and dipentaerythritol skeleton was used, any of the leveling evaluation, the set-off evaluation, and the orientation evaluation results The result was inferior to that of the polymerizable composition of the present invention.
Abstract
Description
即ち本発明は、
a)1つの重合性基または2つ以上の重合性基を有し、かつ、式(I)を満たす重合性化合物、
Re(450nm)/Re(550nm)<1.0 (I)
(式中、Re(450nm)は、前記1つの重合性基を有する重合性化合物を基板上に分子の長軸方向が実質的に基板に対して水平に配向させたときの450nmの波長における面内位相差、Re(550nm)は、前記1つの重合性基を有する重合性化合物を基板上に分子の長軸方向が実質的に基板に対して水平に配向させたときの550nmの波長における面内位相差を表す。)
b)ペンタエリスリトール骨格又はジペンタエリスリトール骨格を有する化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のフッ素系界面活性剤(III)、を含有する重合性組成物を提供する。
本発明における1つの重合性基又は2つ以上の重合性基を有する液晶性化合物は、前記化合物の複屈折性が可視光領域において、短波長側より長波長側で大きい特徴を有する。具体的には、式(I)
Re(450nm)/Re(550nm)<1.0 (I)
(式中、Re(450nm)は、前記1つの重合性基又は2つ以上の重合性基を有する重合性化合物を基板上に分子の長軸方向が実質的に基板に対して水平に配向させたときの450nmの波長における面内位相差、Re(550nm)は、前記1つの重合性基又は2つ以上の重合性基を有する重合性化合物を基板上に分子の長軸方向が実質的に基板に対して水平に配向させたときの550nmの波長における面内位相差、を表す。)
を満たしていればよく、紫外線領域や赤外線領域では複屈折性が短波長側より長波長側で大きい必要はない。
前記化合物としては液晶性化合物が好ましい。なかでも、一般式(1)~(7)のいずれかの液晶性化合物を少なくとも1つ以上含有することが好ましい。
S11~S72はスペーサー基を又は単結合を表すが、S11~S72が複数存在する場合それらは各々同一であっても異なっていても良く、
X11~X72は-O-、-S-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-又は単結合を表すが、X11~X72が複数存在する場合それらは各々同一であっても異なっていても良く(ただし、各P-(S-X)-結合には-O-O-を含まない。)、
MG11~MG71は各々独立して式(a)を表し、
Z11及びZ12は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-又は単結合を表すが、Z11及び/又はZ12が複数現れる場合は各々同一であっても異なっていても良く、
Mは下記の式(M-1)から式(M-11)
Gは下記の式(G-1)から式(G-6)
W81は少なくとも1つの芳香族基を有する、炭素原子数5から30の基を表すが、当該基は無置換又は1つ以上のL1によって置換されても良く、
W82は水素原子又は炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、当該アルキル基中の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-によって置換されても良く、或いはW82はW81と同様の意味を表しても良く、W81及びW82は互いに連結し同一の環構造を形成しても良く、或いはW82は下記の基
W83及びW84はそれぞれ独立してハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ヒドロキシ基、ニトロ基、カルボキシル基、カルバモイルオキシ基、アミノ基、スルファモイル基、少なくとも1つの芳香族基を有する炭素原子数5から30の基、炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基、炭素原子数3から20のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数2から20のアルケニル基、炭素原子数3から20のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数1から20のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数2から20のアシルオキシ基、炭素原子数2から20の又は、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基を表すが、前記アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-又は-C≡C-によって置換されても良く、但し、上記Mが式(M-1)~式(M-10)から選択される場合Gは式(G-1)~式(G-5)から選択され、Mが式(M-11)である場合Gは式(G-6)を表し、
L1はフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ペンタフルオロスルフラニル基、ニトロ基、イソシアノ基、アミノ基、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、メチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、ジイソプロピルアミノ基、トリメチルシリル基、ジメチルシリル基、チオイソシアノ基、又は、炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-から選択される基によって置換されても良いが、化合物内にL1が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
j11は1から5の整数、j12は1~5の整数を表すが、j11+j12は2から5の整数を表す。)、R11及びR31は水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ペンタフルオロスルフラニル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、イソシアノ基、チオイソシアノ基、又は、炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、当該アルキル基中の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-又は-C≡C-によって置換されても良く、m11は0~8の整数を表し、m2~m7、n2~n7、l4~l6、k6は各々独立して0から5の整数を表す。)
一般式(1)から一般式(7)において、重合性基P11~P74は下記の式(P-1)から式(P-20)
W81は少なくとも1つの芳香族基を有する、炭素原子数5から30の基を表すが、当該基は無置換であるか又は1つ以上のL1によって置換されても良く、
W82は、水素原子又は炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、当該アルキル基中の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-によって置換されても良く、或いはW82はW81と同様の意味を表しても良く、W81及びW82は一緒になって環構造を形成しても良く、或いはW82は下記の基
W81及びW82に含まれるπ電子の総数は、波長分散特性、保存安定性、液晶性及び合成の容易さの観点から4から24であることが好ましい。
一般式(2)から一般式(7)において、m2~m7は0から5の整数を表すが、液晶性、原料の入手容易さ及び合成の容易さの観点から0から4の整数を表すことが好ましく、0から2の整数を表すことがより好ましく、0又は1を表すことがさらに好ましく、1を表すことが特に好ましい。
一般式(a)において、j11及びj12は各々独立して1から5の整数を表すが、j11+j12は2から5の整数を表す。液晶性、合成の容易さ及び保存安定性の観点から、j11及びj12は各々独立して1から4の整数を表すことが好ましく、1から3の整数を表すことがより好ましく、1又は2を表すことが特に好ましい。j11+j12は2から4の整数を表すことが好ましい。
一般式(4)で表される化合物として具体的には、下記の式(4-a-1)から式(4-a-26)で表される化合物が好ましい。
一般式(6)で表される化合物として具体的には、下記の式(6-a-1)から式(6-a-25)で表される化合物が好ましい
本発明の重合性組成物には、ペンタエリスリトール骨格又はジペンタエリスリトール骨格を有する化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のフッ素系界面活性剤(III)を含有する。
当該フッ素系界面活性剤を用いることにより、本発明の重合性組成物は重合性化合物と当該フッ素系界面活性剤の相溶性が良好なため溶液安定性に優れ、光学異方体とした場合に、優れた配向性を維持しつつ、表面レベリング性と裏移り性を同時に改善することができる。
前記フッ素系界面活性剤は、炭素原子、水素原子、酸素原子、フッ素原子、硫黄原子のみから構成されていることが好ましい。これらの原子から構成されている界面活性剤は、本発明において用いる重合性化合物の末端部分(末端基)以外の構造(スペーサー(Sp)部分や、メソゲン(MG)部分)を構成する原子と同一であることから、重合性化合物との相溶性が増すためと考察される。
前記ペンタエリスリトール骨格を有する化合物としては、下記一般式(III-1)で表される化合物が挙げられる。
一般式(III-1)において、s1は、1~80の数値を示すが、好ましくは1~60であり、特に好ましくは1~40であり、s2~s4はそれぞれ独立に0~79の数値を示すが、好ましくは0~65であり、特に好ましくは0~50であり、s1+s2+s3+s4は、4~80の数値を示すが、好ましくは4~40であり、特に好ましくは4~30である。
一般式(III-1)において、A1はフルオロアルキル基又はフルオロアルケニル基を示すが、該フルオロアルキル基又はフルオロアルケニル基の炭素原子数は3~10が好ましく、4~9がより好ましく、直鎖状又は分岐状であってもよい。A2~A4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子、アクリロイル基、メタアクリロイル基、フルオロアルキル基又はフルオロアルケニル基を示すが、該フルオロアルキル基又はフルオロアルケニル基の炭素原子数は3~10が好ましく、4~9がより好ましく、直鎖状又は分岐状であってもよい。また、A1~A4は、フルオロアルケニル基が好ましく、分岐状のフルオロノネニル基が特に好ましい。
また、上記一般式(III-1a)のより好ましい具体的例として、下記一般式(III-1a-1)が挙げられる。
前記ジペンタエリスリトール骨格を有する化合物としては、下記一般式(III-2)で表されるものが挙げられる。
一般式(III-2)で表される化合物は、例えば、ジペンタエリスリトールの多官能アクリレートにフルオロアルキル基又はフルオロアルケニル基を有するモノチオール単量体をマイケル付加により反応させることで製造される。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて重合開始剤を含有することができる。本発明の重合性組成物で用いられる重合開始剤は、本発明の重合性組成物を重合させるために用いる。重合を光照射によって行う場合に使用する光重合開始剤としては、特に限定はないが、用いる重合性化合物の配向状態を阻害しない程度で公知慣用のものが使用できる。
LAMBSON社の「スピードキュアBMS」、「スピードキュアPBZ」、「ベンゾフェノン」等が挙げられる。さらに、光カチオン開始剤としては、光酸発生剤を用いることができる。光酸発生剤としてはジアゾジスルホン系化合物、トリフェニルスルホニウム系化合物、フェニルスルホン系化合物、スルフォニルピリジン系化合物、トリアジン系化合物及びジフェニルヨードニウム化合物などが挙げられる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて有機溶剤を含有することができる。用いる有機溶剤としては特に限定はないが、前記重合性化合物が良好な溶解性を示す有機溶剤が好ましく、100℃以下の温度で乾燥できる有機溶剤であることが好ましい。そのような溶剤としては、例えば、トルエン、キシレン、クメン、メシチレン、等の芳香族系炭化水素、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸シクロヘキシル、酢酸3-ブトキシメチル、乳酸エチル等のエステル系溶剤、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、シクロペンタノン等のケトン系溶剤、テトラヒドロフラン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、アニソール等のエーテル系溶剤、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、等のアミド系溶剤、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、γ-ブチロラクトン及びクロロベンゼン等が挙げられる。これらは、単独で使用することもできるし、2種類以上混合して使用することもできるが、ケトン系溶剤、エーテル系溶剤、エステル系溶剤及び芳香族炭化水素系溶剤のうちのいずれか1種類以上を用いることが溶液安定性の点から好ましい。
また、有機溶剤に前記重合性化合物を溶解する際には、均一に溶解させるために、加熱攪拌することが好ましい。加熱攪拌時の加熱温度は、用いる重合性化合物の有機溶剤に対する溶解性を考慮して適宜調節すればよいが、生産性の点から15℃~130℃が好ましく、30℃~110℃が更に好ましく、50℃~100℃が特に好ましい。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、各々の目的に応じて汎用の添加剤を使用することもできる。例えば、重合禁止剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、配向制御剤、連鎖移動剤、赤外線吸収剤、チキソ剤、帯電防止剤、色素、フィラー、キラル化合物、重合性基を有する非液晶性化合物、その他液晶化合物、配向材料等の添加剤を液晶の配向性を著しく低下させない程度添加することができる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて重合禁止剤を含有することができる。用いる重合禁止剤としては、特に限定はなく、公知慣例のものが使用できる。
例えば、p-メトキシフェノール、クレゾール、t-ブチルカテコール、3.5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシトルエン、2.2'-メチレンビス(4-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、2.2'-メチレンビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4.4'-チオビス(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4-メトキシ-1-ナフトール、4,4’-ジアルコキシ-2,2’-ビ-1-ナフトール、等のフェノール系化合物、ヒドロキノン、メチルヒドロキノン、tert-ブチルヒドロキノン、p-ベンゾキノン、メチル-p-ベンゾキノン、tert-ブチル-p-ベンゾキノン、2,5-ジフェニルベンゾキノン、2-ヒドロキシ-1,4-ナフトキノン、1,4-ナフトキノン、2,3-ジクロロ-1,4-ナフトキノン、アントラキノン、ジフェノキノン、等のキノン系化合物、p-フェニレンジアミン、4-アミノジフェニルアミン、N.N'-ジフェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N-i-プロピル-N'-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N-(1.3-ジメチルブチル)-N'-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、N.N'-ジ-2-ナフチル-p-フェニレンジアミン、ジフェニルアミン、N-フェニル-β-ナフチルアミン、4.4'-ジクミル-ジフェニルアミン、4.4'-ジオクチル-ジフェニルアミン、等のアミン系化合物、フェノチアジン、ジステアリルチオジプロピオネート、等のチオエーテル系化合物、N-ニトロソジフェニルアミン、N-ニトロソフェニルナフチルアミン、N-ニトロソジナフチルアミン、p-ニトロソフェノール、ニトロソベンゼン、p-ニトロソジフェニルアミン、α-ニトロソ-β-ナフトール等、N、N-ジメチルp-ニトロソアニリン、p-ニトロソジフェニルアミン、p-ニトロンジメチルアミン、p-ニトロン-N、N-ジエチルアミン、N-ニトロソエタノールアミン、N-ニトロソジ-n-ブチルアミン、N-ニトロソ-N -n-ブチル-4-ブタノールアミン、N-ニトロソ-ジイソプロパノールアミン、N-ニトロソ-N-エチル-4-ブタノールアミン、5-ニトロソ-8-ヒドロキシキノリン、N-ニトロソモルホリン、N-二トロソーN-フェニルヒドロキシルアミンアンモニウム塩、二トロソベンゼン、2,4.6-トリーtert-ブチルニトロンベンゼン、N-ニトロソ-N-メチル-p-トルエンスルホンアミド、N-ニトロソ-N-エチルウレタン、N-ニトロソ-N-n-プロピルウレタン、1-ニトロソ-2-ナフトール、2-ニトロソ-1-ナフトール、1-ニトロソ-2-ナフトール-3,6-スルホン酸ナトリウム、2-ニトロソ-1-ナフトール-4-スルホン酸ナトリウム、2-ニトロソ-5-メチルアミノフェノール塩酸塩、2-ニトロソ-5-メチルアミノフェノール塩酸塩、等のニトロソ系化合物が挙げられる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて酸化防止剤等を含有することができる。そのような化合物として、ヒドロキノン誘導体、ニトロソアミン系重合禁止剤、ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤等が挙げられ、より具体的には、tert-ブチルハイドロキノン、和光純薬工業社の「Q-1300」、「Q-1301」、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート「IRGANOX1010」、チオジエチレンビス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート「IRGANOX1035」、オクタデシル-3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート「IRGANOX1076」、「IRGANOX1135」、「IRGANOX1330」、4,6-ビス(オクチルチオメチル)-o-クレゾール「IRGANOX1520L」、「IRGANOX1726」、「IRGANOX245」、「IRGANOX259」、「IRGANOX3114」、「IRGANOX3790」、「IRGANOX5057」、「IRGANOX565」(以上、BASF株式会社製)、株式会社ADEKA製のアデカスタブAO-20、AO-30、AO-40、AO-50、AO-60、AO-80、住友化学株式会社のスミライザーBHT、スミライザーBBM-S、およびスミライザーGA-80等々があげられる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて紫外線吸収剤や光安定剤を含有することができる。用いる紫外線吸収剤や光安定剤は特に限定はないが、光学異方体や光学フィルム等の耐光性を向上させるものが好ましい。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、液晶性化合物の配向状態を制御するために、配向制御剤を含有することができる。用いる配向制御剤としては、液晶性化合物が、基材に対して実質的に水平配向、実質的に垂直配向、実質的にハイブリッド配向するものが挙げられる。また、キラル化合物を添加した場合には実質的に平面配向するものが挙げられる。前述したように、界面活性剤によって、水平配向、平面配向が誘起される場合もあるが、各々の配向状態が誘起されるものであれば、特に限定はなく、公知慣用のものを使用することができる。
光学異方体とした場合の空気界面のチルト角を効果的に増加させる効果を持つものとしては、硝酸セルロース、酢酸セルロース、プロピオン酸セルロース、酪酸セルロース、複素芳香族環塩変性された棒状液晶性化合物、シアノ基、シアノアルキル基で変性された棒状液晶性化合物、等が挙げられる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、重合体や光学異方体と基材との密着性をより向上させるため、連鎖移動剤を含有することができる。連鎖移動剤としては、芳香族炭化水素類、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素、四臭化炭素、ブロモトリクロロメタン等のハロゲン化炭化水素類、オクチルメルカプタン、n―ブチルメルカプタン、n―ペンチルメルカプタン、n-ヘキサデシルメルカプタン、n-テトラデシルメル、n―ドデシルメルカプタン、t-テトラデシルメルカプタン、t―ドデシルメルカプタン等のメルカプタン化合物、ヘキサンジチオール、デカンジチオール、1,4-ブタンジオールビスチオプロピオネート、1,4-ブタンジオールビスチオグリコレート、エチレングリコールビスチオグリコレート、エチレングリコールビスチオプロピオネート、トリメチロールプロパントリスチオグリコレート、トリメチロールプロパントリスチオプロピオネート、トリメチロールプロパントリス(3-メルカプトブチレート)、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキスチオグリコレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキスチオプロピオネート、トリメルカプトプロピオン酸トリス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレート、1,4-ジメチルメルカプトベンゼン、2、4、6-トリメルカプト-s-トリアジン、2-(N,N-ジブチルアミノ)-4,6-ジメルカプト-s-トリアジン等のチオール化合物、ジメチルキサントゲンジスルフィド、ジエチルキサントゲンジスルフィド、ジイソプロピルキサントゲンジスルフィド、テトラメチルチウラムジスルフィド、テトラエチルチウラムジスルフィド、テトラブチルチウラムジスルフィド等のスルフィド化合物、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、N,N-ジビニルアニリン、ペンタフェニルエタン、α-メチルスチレンダイマー、アクロレイン、アリルアルコール、ターピノーレン、α-テルピネン、γ-テルビネン、ジペンテン、等が挙げられるが、2,4-ジフェニル-4-メチル-1-ペンテン、チオール化合物がより好ましい。
連鎖移動剤の添加量は、重合性組成物に含まれる重合性化合物の総量に対して、0.5~10質量%であることが好ましく、1.0~5.0質量%であることがより好ましい。
更に物性調整のため、重合性でない液晶化合物等も必要に応じて添加することも可能である。液晶性のない重合性化合物は、重合性化合物を有機溶剤に混合し加熱攪拌して重合性溶液を調製する工程において添加することが好ましいが、重合性でない液晶化合物等は、その後の、重合性溶液に重合開始剤を混合する工程において添加してもよいし、両方の工程において添加してもよい。これらの化合物の添加量は重合性組成物に対して、20質量%以下が好ましく、10質量%以下がより好ましく、5質量%以下が更により好ましい。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて赤外線吸収剤を含有することができる。用いる赤外線吸収剤は、特に限定はなく、配向性を乱さない範囲で公知慣用のものを含有することができる。
前記赤外線吸収剤としては、シアニン化合物、フタロシアニン化合物、ナフトキノン化合物、ジチオール化合物、ジインモニウム化合物、アゾ化合物、アルミニウム塩等が挙げられる。
具体的には、ジインモニウム塩タイプの「NIR-IM1」、アルミニウム塩タイプの「NIR-AM1」(以上、ナガセケムテック株式会社製)、「カレンズIR-T」、「カレンズIR-13F」(以上、昭和電工株式会社製)、「YKR-2200」、「YKR-2100」(以上、山本化成株式会社製)、「IRA908」、「IRA931」、「IRA955」、「IRA1034」(以上、INDECO株式会社)等が挙げられる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて帯電防止剤を含有することができる。用いる帯電防止剤は、特に限定はなく、配向性を乱さない範囲で公知慣用のものを含有することができる。
そのような帯電防止剤としては、スルホン酸塩基またはリン酸塩基を分子内に少なくとも1種類以上有する高分子化合物、4級アンモニウム塩を有する化合物、重合性基を有する界面活性剤等が挙げられる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じて色素を含有することができる。用いる色素は、特に限定はなく、配向性を乱さない範囲で公知慣用のものを含有することができる。
前記色素としては、例えば、2色性色素、蛍光色素等が挙げられる。そのような色素としては、例えば、ポリアゾ色素、アントラキノン色素、シアニン色素、フタロシアニン色素、ペリレン色素、ペリノン色素、スクアリリウム色素等が挙げられるが、添加する観点から、前記色素は液晶性を示す色素が好ましい。
CRC Press、1994年、および「機能性色素市場の新展開」、第一章、1頁、1994年、CMC株式会社発光、等に記載の色素を使用することができる。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、必要に応じてフィラーを含有することができる。用いるフィラーは、特に限定はなく、得られた重合物の熱伝導性が低下しない範囲で公知慣用のものを含有することができる。
前記フィラーとしては、例えば、アルミナ、チタンホワイト、水酸化アルミニウム、タルク、クレイ、マイカ、チタン酸バリウム、酸化亜鉛、ガラス繊維等の無機質充填材、銀粉、銅粉などの金属粉末や窒化アルミニウム、窒化ホウ素、窒化ケイ素、窒化ガリウム、炭化ケイ素、マグネシア(酸化アルミニウム)、アルミナ(酸化アルミニウム)、結晶性シリカ(酸化ケイ素)、溶融シリカ(酸化ケイ素)等などの熱伝導性フィラー、銀ナノ粒子等が挙げられる。
本発明の重合性組成物には、キラルネマチック相を得ることを目的としてキラル化合物を含有してもよい。前記キラル化合物は、それ自体が液晶性を示す必要はなく、また、重合性基を有していても、有していなくてもよい。また、キラル化合物の螺旋の向きは、重合体の使用用途によって適宜選択することができる。
重合性基を有しているキラル化合物としては、特に限定はなく、公知慣用のものが使用できるが、らせんねじれ力(HTP)の大きなキラル化合物が好ましい。また、重合性基は、ビニル基、ビニルオキシ基、アリル基、アリルオキシ基、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクリロイルオキシ基、グリシジル基、オキセタニル基が好ましく、アクリロイルオキシ基、グリシジル基、オキセタニル基が特に好ましい。
キラル化合物の配合量は、化合物の螺旋誘起力によって適宜調整することが必要であるが、重合性基を有する液晶性化合物及びキラル化合物の総量に対して、0.5~80質量%含有することが好ましく、3~50質量%含有することがより好ましく、5~30質量%含有することが特に好ましい。
A1、A2、A3、A4、A5及びA6はそれぞれ独立して、1,4-フェニレン基、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基、1,4-シクロヘキセニル基、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル基、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル基、テトラヒドロチオピラン-2,5-ジイル基、1,4-ビシクロ(2,2,2)オクチレン基、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、ピリジン-2,5-ジイル基、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル基、ピラジン-2,5-ジイル基、チオフェン-2,5-ジイル基-、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、2,6-ナフチレン基、フェナントレン-2,7-ジイル基、9,10-ジヒドロフェナントレン-2,7-ジイル基、1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-オクタヒドロフェナントレン-2,7-ジイル基、1,4-ナフチレン基、ベンゾ[1,2-b:4,5-b‘]ジチオフェン-2,6-ジイル基、ベンゾ[1,2-b:4,5-b‘]ジセレノフェン-2,6-ジイル基、[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b]チオフェン-2,7-ジイル基、[1]ベンゾセレノフェノ[3,2-b]セレノフェン-2,7-ジイル基、又はフルオレン-2,7-ジイル基を表し、n、l及びkはそれぞれ独立して、0又は1を表し、0≦n+l+k≦3となり、
m5は0又は1を表し、
Z0、Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5及びZ6はそれぞれ独立して、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2 CH2-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、炭素数2~10のハロゲン原子を有してもよいアルキル基又は単結合を表し、
R5a及びR5bは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基又は炭素原子数1~18のアルキル基を表すが、該アルキル基は1つ以上のハロゲン原子又はCNにより置換されていても良く、この基中に存在する1つのCH2基又は隣接していない2つ以上のCH2基はそれぞれ相互に独立して、酸素原子が相互に直接結合しない形で、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-N(CH3)-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-SCO-、-COS-又は-C≡C-により置き換えられていても良く、あるいはR5a及びR5bは一般式(10-a)
P5aは、下記の式(P-1)から式(P-20)で表される重合性基から選ばれる置換基を表す。
本発明の重合性組成物は、重合性基を有するが液晶化合物ではない化合物を添加することもできる。このような化合物としては、通常、この技術分野で重合性モノマーあるいは重合性オリゴマーとして認識されるものであれば特に制限なく使用することができる。添加する場合は、本発明の重合性組成物に用いる重合性液化合物の合計量に対して、15質量%以下であることが好ましく、10質量%以下が更に好ましい。
本発明に用いる重合性組成物は、一般式(1)から一般式(7)の液晶性化合物以外にも、重合性基を1つ以上有する液晶性化合物を含有することができる。しかし、添加量が多すぎると、位相差板として用いた場合に位相差比が大きくなる恐れがあり、添加する場合は、本発明の重合性組成物に用いる重合性液化合物の合計量に対して30質量%以下とすることが好ましく、10質量%以下がさらに好ましく、5質量%以下が特に好ましい。
Z83及びZ84は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-又は単結合を表すが、Z83及び/又はZ84が複数現れる場合は各々同一であっても異なっていても良く、
M81は1,4-フェニレン基、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基、1,4-シクロヘキセニル基、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル基、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル基、テトラヒドロチオピラン-2,5-ジイル基、1,4-ビシクロ(2,2,2)オクチレン基、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、ピリジン-2,5-ジイル基、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル基、ピラジン-2,5-ジイル基、チオフェン-2,5-ジイル基-、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、ナフチレン-1,4-ジイル基、ナフチレン-1,5-ジイル基、ナフチレン-1,6-ジイル基、ナフチレン-2,6-ジイル基、フェナントレン-2,7-ジイル基、9,10-ジヒドロフェナントレン-2,7-ジイル基、1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-オクタヒドロフェナントレン-2,7-ジイル基、ベンゾ[1,2-b:4,5-b‘]ジチオフェン-2,6-ジイル基、ベンゾ[1,2-b:4,5-b‘]ジセレノフェン-2,6-ジイル基、[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b]チオフェン-2,7-ジイル基、[1]ベンゾセレノフェノ[3,2-b]セレノフェン-2,7-ジイル基、又はフルオレン-2,7-ジイル基から選ばれる基を表すが、これらの基は無置換又は1つ以上のL2によって置換されても良く、
L2はフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ペンタフルオロスルフラニル基、ニトロ基、イソシアノ基、アミノ基、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、メチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、ジイソプロピルアミノ基、トリメチルシリル基、ジメチルシリル基、チオイソシアノ基、又は、炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-から選択される基によって置換されても良いが、化合物内にL2が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、mは0から8の整数を表し、j83及びj84は各々独立して0から5の整数を表すが、j83+j84は1から5の整数を表す。)、R11及びR31は水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ペンタフルオロスルフラニル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、イソシアノ基、チオイソシアノ基、又は、炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、当該アルキル基中の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-又は-C≡C-によって置換されても良く、m11は0~8の整数を表し、m2~m7、n2~n7、l4~l6、k6は各々独立して0から5の整数を表す。但し、一般式(1)から一般式(7)を除く。)
本発明の重合性組成物は、配向性を向上させるために配向性が向上する配向材料を含有することができる。用いる配向材料は、本発明の重合性組成物に用いられる、重合性基を有する液晶性化合物を溶解させることができる溶剤に可溶であれば、公知慣用のものでよいが、添加することにより配向性を著しく劣化させない範囲で添加することができる。具体的には、重合性組成物に含まれる重合性化合物の総量に対して0.05~30重量%が好ましく、0.5~15重量%がさらに好ましく、1~10重量%が特に好ましい。
配向材料は具体的には、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、BCB(ペンゾシクロブテンポリマー)、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリアリレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエーテルサルフォン、エポキシ樹脂、エポキシアクリレート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、クマリン化合物、カルコン化合物、シンナメート化合物、フルギド化合物、アントラキノン化合物、アゾ化合物、アリールエテン化合物等、光異性化、もしくは、光二量化する化合物が挙げられるが、紫外線照射、可視光照射により配向する材料(光配向材料)が好ましい。
本発明の重合性組成物に重合開始剤を含有した状態で重合させることにより、本発明の重合体が得られる。本発明の重合体は、光学異方体、位相差フィルム、レンズ、着色剤、印刷物等に利用される。
(光学異方体)
本発明の重合性組成物を、基材、あるいは、配向機能を有する基材上に塗布し、本発明の重合性組成物中の液晶分子を、ネマチック相やスメクチック相を保持した状態で均一に配向させ、重合させることによって、本発明の光学異方体が得られる。
本発明の光学異方体に用いられる基材は、液晶表示素子、有機発光表示素子、その他表示素子、光学部品、着色剤、マーキング、印刷物や光学フィルムに通常使用する基材であって、本発明の重合性組成物溶液の塗布後の乾燥時における加熱に耐えうる耐熱性を有する材料であれば、特に制限はない。そのような基材としては、ガラス基材、金属基材、セラミックス基材、プラスチック基材や紙等の有機材料が挙げられる。特に基材が有機材料の場合、セルロース誘導体、ポリオレフィン、ポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、ポリカーボネート、ポリアクリレート、ポリアリレート、ポリエーテルサルホン、ポリイミド、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ナイロン又はポリスチレン等が挙げられる。中でもポリエステル、ポリスチレン、ポリオレフィン、セルロース誘導体、ポリアリレート、ポリカーボネート等のプラスチック基材が好ましい。基材の形状としては、平板の他、曲面を有するものであっても良い。これらの基材は、必要に応じて、電極層、反射防止機能、反射機能を有していてもよい。
また、上記基材には、本発明の重合性組成物を塗布乾燥した際に重合性組成物が配向するように、通常配向処理が施されている、あるいは配向膜が設けられていても良い。配向処理としては、延伸処理、ラビング処理、偏光紫外可視光照射処理、イオンビーム処理、基材へのSiO2の斜方蒸着処理、等が挙げられる。配向膜を用いる場合、配向膜は公知慣用のものが用いられる。そのような配向膜としては、ポリイミド、ポリシロキサン、ポリアミド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリアリレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエーテルサルホン、エポキシ樹脂、エポキシアクリレート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、アゾ化合物、クマリン化合物、カルコン化合物、シンナメート化合物、フルギド化合物、アントラキノン化合物、アゾ化合物、アリールエテン化合物等の化合物、もしくは、前記化合物の重合体や共重合体が挙げられる。ラビングにより配向処理する化合物は、配向処理、もしくは配向処理の後に加熱工程を入れることで材料の結晶化が促進されるものが好ましい。ラビング以外の配向処理を行う化合物の中では光配向材料を用いることが好ましい。
また、TN型液晶表示素子に使用するような配向膜を基板上に設けた場合は、少しだけ配向が傾斜した重合性液晶層が得られ、STN方式の液晶表示素子に使用するような配向膜を使うと、大きく配向が傾斜した重合性液晶層が得られる。
本発明の光学異方体を得るための塗布法としては、アプリケーター法、バーコーティング法、スピンコーティング法、ロールコーティング法、ダイレクトグラビアコーティング法、リバースグラビアコーティング法、フレキソコーティング法、インクジェット法、ダイコーティング法、キャップコーティング法、ディップコーティング法、スリットコーティング法、スプレーコーティング法等、公知慣用の方法を行うことができる。重合性組成物を塗布後、乾燥させる。
このような熱処理をすることで、単に塗布するだけの塗工方法と比べて、配向欠陥の少ない均質な光学異方体を作製することができる。
また、このようにして均質な配向処理を行った後、液晶相が相分離を起こさない最低の温度、即ち過冷却状態となるまで冷却し、該温度において液晶相を配向させた状態で重合すると、より配向秩序が高く、透明性に優れる光学異方体を得ることができる。
乾燥した重合性組成物の重合処理は、一様に配向した状態で一般に可視紫外線等の光照射、あるいは加熱によって行われる。重合を光照射で行う場合は、具体的には420nm以下の可視紫外光を照射することが好ましく、250~370nmの波長の紫外光を照射することが最も好ましい。但し、420nm以下の可視紫外光により重合性組成物が分解などを引き起こす場合は、420nm以上の可視紫外光で重合処理を行ったほうが好ましい場合もある。
本発明の重合性組成物を重合させる方法としては、活性エネルギー線を照射する方法や熱重合法等が挙げられるが、加熱を必要とせず、室温で反応が進行することから活性エネルギー線を照射する方法が好ましく、中でも、操作が簡便なことから、紫外線等の光を照射する方法が好ましい。照射時の温度は、本発明の重合性組成物が液晶相を保持できる温度とし、重合性組成物の熱重合の誘起を避けるため、可能な限り30℃以下とすることが好ましい。尚、重合性組成物は、通常、昇温過程において、C(固相)-N(ネマチック)転移温度(以下、C-N転移温度と略す。)から、N-I転移温度範囲内で液晶相を示す。一方、降温過程においては、熱力学的に非平衡状態を取るため、C-N転移温度以下でも凝固せず液晶状態を保つ場合がある。この状態を過冷却状態という。本発明においては、過冷却状態にある液晶組成物も液晶相を保持している状態に含めるものとする。具体的には390nm以下の紫外光を照射することが好ましく、250~370nmの波長の光を照射することが最も好ましい。但し、390nm以下の紫外光により重合性組成物が分解などを引き起こす場合は、390nm以上の紫外光で重合処理を行ったほうが好ましい場合もある。この光は、拡散光で、かつ偏光していない光であることが好ましい。紫外線照射強度は、0.05kW/m2~10kW/m2の範囲が好ましい。特に、0.2kW/m2~2kW/m2の範囲が好ましい。紫外線強度が0.05kW/m2未満の場合、重合を完了させるのに多大な時間がかかる。一方、2kW/m2を超える強度では、重合性組成物中の液晶分子が光分解する傾向にあることや、重合熱が多く発生して重合中の温度が上昇し、重合性液晶のオーダーパラメーターが変化して、重合後のフィルムのリタデーションに狂いが生じる可能性がある。
また、マスクを使用して特定の部分のみを紫外線照射で重合させる際に、予め未重合状態の重合性組成物に電場、磁場又は温度等をかけて配向を規制し、その状態を保ったままマスク上から光を照射して重合させることによっても、異なる配向方向をもった複数の領域を有する光学異方体を得ることができる。
本発明の位相差フィルムは、前記光学異方体を含有しており、液晶性化合物が基材に対して一様に連続的な配向状態を形成して、基材に対して面内、面外、面内と面外の両方、あるいは面内において2軸性を有していればよい。また、接着剤や接着層、粘着剤や粘着層、保護フィルムや偏光フィルム等が積層されていてもよい。
例えば、ポジティブAプレート、ネガティブAプレート、ポジティブCプレート、ネガティブCプレート、二軸性プレート、ポジティブOプレート、ネガティブOプレートの配向モードを適用できる。その中でも、ポジティブAプレート及びネガティブCプレートを使用することが好ましい。更に、ポジティブAプレート及びネガティブCプレートを積層することがより好ましい。
ここで、ポジティブAプレートとは、重合性組成物をホモジニアス配向させた、光学異方体を意味する。また、ネガティブCプレートとは、重合性組成物をコレステリック配向させた、光学異方体を意味する。
ここで、ネガティブCプレートは、位相差層の面内遅相軸方向の屈折率をnx、位相差層の面内進相軸方向の屈折率をny、位相差層の厚み方向の屈折率をnzとしたときに、「nx=ny>nz」の関係となる位相差層である。ネガティブCプレートの厚み方向位相差値は20~400nmの範囲が好ましい。
Rth=[(nx+ny)/2-nz]×d (2)
Nz係数=(nx-nz)/(nx-ny) (3)
R50=(nx-ny’)×d/cos(φ) (4)
(nx+ny+nz)/3=n0 (5)
ここで、
φ=sin-1[sin(50°)/n0] (6)
ny’=ny×nz/[ny2×sin2(φ)+nz2×cos2(φ)]1/2 (7)
市販の位相差測定装置では、ここに示した数値計算を装置内で自動的に行い、面内位相差値R0や厚み方向位相差値Rthなどを自動的に表示するようになっているものが多い。このような測定装置としては、例えば、RETS-100(大塚化学(株)製)を挙げることができる。
本発明の重合性組成物を、基材、あるいは、配向機能を有する基材上に塗布し、もしくは、レンズ形状の金型に注入し、ネマチック相やスメクチック相を保持した状態で均一に配向させ、重合させることによって、本発明のレンズに使用することができる。レンズの形状は単純セル型、プリズム型、レンチキュラー型、等が挙げられる。
本発明の重合性組成物を、基材、あるいは、配向機能を有する基材上に塗布し、ネマチック相やスメクチック相を保持した状態で均一に配向させ、重合させることにより、本発明の液晶表示素子に使用することができる。使用形態としては、光学補償フィルム、液晶立体表示素子のパターン化された位相差フィルム、カラーフィルターの位相差補正層、オーバーコート層、液晶媒体用の配向膜、等が挙げられる。液晶表示素子は、少なくとも二つの基材に液晶媒体層、TFT駆動回路、ブラックマトリックス層、カラーフィルター層、スペーサー、液晶媒体層に相応の電極回路が最低限狭持されており、通常、光学補償層、偏光板層、タッチパネル層は二つの基材の外側に配置されるが、場合によっては、光学補償層、オーバーコート層、偏光板層、タッチパネル用の電極層が二つの基材内に狭持されてもよい。
本発明の重合性組成物を、基材、あるいは、配向機能を有する基材に塗布し、ネマチック相やスメクチック相を保持した状態で均一に配向させ、重合させることにより、本発明の有機発光表示素子に使用することができる。使用形態としては、前記重合により得られた位相差フィルムと偏光板と組み合わせることにより、有機発光表示素子の反射防止フィルムとして使用することができる。反射防止フィルムとして使用する場合、偏光板の偏光軸と位相差フィルムの遅相軸のなす角度は45°程度が好ましい。偏光板と前記位相差フィルムは、接着剤や粘着剤等で貼り合わせてもよい。また、偏光板上にラビング処理や光配向膜を積層した配向処理等により、直接積層してもよい。このとき使用する偏光板は、色素をドープしたフィルム形態のものでも、ワイヤーグリッドのような金属状のものでもよい。
本発明の重合性組成物を、ネマチック相やスメクチック相、あるいは、配向機能を有する基材上に配向させた状態で重合させた重合体は照明素子、特に発光ダイオード素子の放熱材料として使用することもできる。放熱材料の形態としては、プリプレグ、重合体シート、接着剤、金属箔付きシート、等が好ましい。
(光学部品)
本発明の重合性組成物を、ネマチック相やスメクチック相を保持した状態、あるいは、配向材料と組み合わせた状態で重合させることにより、本発明の光学部品として使用することができる。
(着色剤)
本発明の重合性組成物は、染料や有機顔料等の着色剤を添加して、着色剤として使用することもできる。
(偏光フィルム)
本発明の重合性組成物は、2色性色素、リオトロピック液晶やクロモニック液晶等と組み合わせる、あるいは添加して、偏光フィルムとして使用することもできる。
式(1-a-5)で表される化合物55部、式(1-a-6)で表される化合物25部、式(2-a-1)で表され、n=6である化合物20部、及びp-メトキシフェノール(MEHQ)0.1部をシクロペンタノン(CPN)400部に加えた後、60℃に加温、撹拌して溶解させ、溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(Irg907:BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、及び式(H-1)で表される界面活性剤0.15部を加えてさらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は透明で均一であった。得られた溶液を0.20μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、実施例1の重合性組成物(1)を得た。
下記表に示す各化合物をそれぞれ下記表に示す割合に変更した以外は実施例1の重合性組成物(1)の調整と同一条件で、実施例2~34の重合性組成物(2)~(34)及び比較例1~3の重合性組成物(C1)~(C3)を得た。
式(2-a-31)で表され、n=6である化合物100部、及びp-メトキシフェノール(MEHQ)0.1部をクロロホルム(CLF)400部に加えた後、50℃に加温、撹拌して溶解させ、溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(Irg907:BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、及び式(H-1)で表される界面活性剤0.15部を加えてさらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は透明で均一であった。得られた溶液を0.20μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、実施例35の重合性組成物(35)を得た。
式(2-a-40)で表され、n=6である化合物100部、及びp-メトキシフェノール(MEHQ)0.1部を1,1,2-トリクロロエタン(TCE)400部に加えた後、50℃に加温、撹拌して溶解させ、溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(Irg907:BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、及び式(H-1)で表される界面活性剤0.15部を加えてさらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は透明で均一であった。得られた溶液を0.20μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、実施例36の重合性組成物(36)を得た。
下記表に、本発明の実施例1~36の重合性組成物(1)~(36)、比較例1~3の重合性組成物(C1)~(C3)の具体的な組成を示す。
化合物(H-2):p1+p2+p3+p4=12
上記の各式で表わされる化合物のRe(450nm)/Re(550nm)の値を下記表に示す。
実施例1~36、比較例1~3の溶解性は以下のようにして評価した。
○:調整後、透明で均一な状態が目視で確認できる。
△:加温、拡販したときには透明で均一な状態が目視で確認できるが、室温に戻したときに化合物の析出が確認される。
×:加温、撹拌しても化合物が均一溶解できない。
実施例1~36、比較例1~3を室温で1週間放置した後の状態を目視で観察した。なお、保存安定性は以下のようにして評価した。
○:室温で3日放置後も透明で均一な状態が保持される。
△:室温で1日放置後も透明で均一な状態が保持される。
×:室温で1時間放置後に化合物の析出が確認される。
式(1-a-5)で表される化合物40部、式(1-a-6)で表される化合物40部、式(2-a-1)で表され、n=6である化合物10部、式(2-a-42)で表され、n=6である化合物10部、及びp-メトキシフェノール(MEHQ)0.1部をメチルエチルケトン(MEK)400部に加えた後、60℃に加温、撹拌して溶解させ、溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、式(H-1)で表される界面活性剤0.15部、を加えてさらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は、透明で均一であった。得られた溶液を0.20μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、実施例37の重合性組成物(37)を得た。
本発明の重合性組成物(37)を室温で3日間放置した後の状態を目視で観察した。本発明の重合性組成物は、1週間後も透明で均一な状態を保持していた。
下記表に示す各化合物をそれぞれ下記表に示す割合に変更した以外は重合性組成物(37)の調整と同一条件で、実施例38~48の重合性組成物(38)~(48)及び比較例4~5の重合性組成物(C4)~(C5)を得た。
式(1-a―6)で表される化合物50部、式(1-a―2)で表される化合物25部、式(2-a-1)で表され、n=6である化合物25部、及びp-メトキシフェノール(MEHQ)0.1部をメチルエチルケトン(MEK)200部、及び、メチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)200部に加えた後、60℃に加温、撹拌して溶解させ、溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、式(H-1)で表される界面活性剤0.15部を加えてさらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は、透明で均一であった。得られた溶液を0.20μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、実施例49の重合性組成物(49)を得た。
本発明の重合性組成物(49)及び(50)を室温で3日間放置した後の状態を目視で観察した。本発明の重合性組成物は、1週間後も透明で均一な状態を保持していた。
式(1-a-6)で表される化合物40部、式(1-a-2)で表される化合物20部、式(2-a-1)で表され、n=6である化合物20部、式(2-a-42)で表され、n=6である化合物10部、式(2-b-1)で表され、m=n=3で表される化合物10部、及びp-メトキシフェノール0.1部をメチルエチルケトン(MEK)300部、及び、メチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)100部に加えた後、60℃に加温、撹拌して溶解させ、溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、式(H-1)で表される界面活性剤0.15部を加えてさらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は、透明で均一であった。得られた溶液を0.20μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、実施例51の重合性組成物(51)を得た。
式(1-a-5)で表される化合物10部、式(1-a-6)で表される化合物50部、式(1-a-83)で表される化合物10部、式(2-a-1)で表され、n=6である化合物20部、式(2-b-1)で表され、m=n=4で表される化合物10部、及びp-メトキシフェノール0.1部をメチルエチルケトン(MEK)200部、及び、メチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)200部に加えた後、60℃に加温、撹拌して溶解させ、溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、式(H-1)で表される界面活性剤0.15部を加えてさらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は、透明で均一であった。得られた溶液を0.20μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、実施例52の重合性組成物(52)を得た。
下記表に示す各化合物をそれぞれ下記表に示す割合に変更した以外は重合性組成物(51)の調整と同一条件で、比較例6の重合性組成物(C6)を得た。
本発明の重合性組成物(51)及び(52)を室温で3日間放置した後の状態を目視で観察した。本発明の重合性組成物は、1週間後も透明で均一な状態を保持していた。
実施例37~52、比較例4~6の溶解性評価、保存安定性評価を実施例1と同様に行った。得られた結果を以下の表に示す。
配向膜用ポリイミド溶液を厚さ0.7mmのガラス基材にスピンコート法を用いて塗布し、100℃で10分乾燥した後、200℃で60分焼成することにより塗膜を得た。得られた塗膜をラビング処理した。ラビング処理は、市販のラビング装置を用いて行った。
ラビングした基材に本発明の重合性組成物(1)をスピンコート法で塗布し、100℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、高圧水銀ランプを用いて、30mW/cm2の強度で30秒間紫外線を照射してポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体を以下の基準に従って評価したところ、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。
◎:目視で欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くない。
○:目視では欠陥がないが、偏光顕微鏡観察で一部に無配向部分が存在している。
△:目視では欠陥がないが、偏光顕微鏡観察で全体的に無配向部分が存在している。
×:目視で一部欠陥が生じており、偏光顕微鏡観察でも全体的に無配向部分が存在している。
上記で作成した光学異方体のリタデーション(位相差)を位相差フィルム・光学材料検査装置RETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、波長550nmにおける面内位相差(Re(550))は130nmであった。また、波長450nmにおける面内位相差(Re(450))とRe(550)の比Re(450)/Re(550)は0.846であり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
上記で作成した光学異方体のハジキ具合を目視にて観察した。
◎:塗膜表面にハジキ欠陥が全く観察されない。
○:塗膜表面にハジキ欠陥が極僅かに観察される。
△:塗膜表面にハジキ欠陥が少し観察される。
×:塗膜表面にハジキ欠陥が多数観察される。
上記で作成した光学異方体の重合性組成物面(A)にTACフィルム(B)を重ね合わせ、荷重40g/cm2、80℃で30分間保持したのち、重ね合わせたまま室温まで冷却させた。その後、フィルム(B)を剥離し、フィルム(B)に重合性組成物中の界面活性剤が裏移りしているかどうかを目視にて観察した。なお、界面活性剤がフィルム(B)に移行した場合、裏移りした部分が白濁したように観察される。
◎:全く観察されない。
○:極僅かに観察される。
△:少し観察される。
×:全体的に観察される。
用いる重合性組成物をそれぞれ、本発明の重合性組成物(2)~(36)、比較用重合性組成物(C1)~(C3)に変更した以外は、実施例53と同一条件にて、実施例54~88のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体、及び比較例7~9の光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。得られた結果を下記表に示す。
厚さ50μmの一軸延伸PETフィルムを市販のラビング装置を用いてラビング処理した後、本発明の重合性組成物(37)をバーコート法で塗布し、80℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、UVコンベア装置(GSユアサ株式会社製)を用いてコンベア速度6m/minで紫外線を照射して、実施例89のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。
用いる重合性組成物をそれぞれ、本発明の重合性組成物(37)~(48)、及び比較用重合性組成物(C4)~(C5)に変更した以外は、実施例89と同一条件にて、実施例90~100、及び比較例10~11のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。
厚さ40μmの無延伸シクロオレフィンポリマーフィルム「ゼオノア」(日本ゼオン株式会社製)を市販のラビング装置を用いてラビング処理した後、本発明の重合性組成物(49)をバーコート法で塗布し、80℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、UVコンベア装置(GSユアサ株式会社製)を用いてコンベア速度6m/minで紫外線を照射して、実施例101のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。配向性評価の結果、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。また、得られた光学異方体の(Re(550)は121nm、波長450nmにおける面内位相差(Re(450))とRe(550)の比Re(450)/Re(550)は0.814であり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
用いる重合性組成物を本発明の重合性組成物(50)に変更した以外は、実施例101と同一条件にて、実施例102のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。得られた結果を下記表に示す。
下記式(12-4)で表される光配向材料5部をシクロペンタノン95部に溶解させ、溶液を得た。得られた溶液を0.45μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、光配向溶液(1)を得た。次に厚さ0.7mmのガラス基材にスピンコート法を用いて塗布し、80℃で2分乾燥した後、直ぐに313nmの直線偏光を10mW/cm2の強度で20秒間照射して光配向膜(1)得た。得られた光配向膜上に重合性組成物(51)をスピンコート法で塗布し、100℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、高圧水銀ランプを用いて、30mW/cm2の強度で30秒間紫外線を照射して実施例103のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。配向性評価の結果、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。また、得られた光学異方体のリタデーションをRETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、波長550nmにおける面内位相差(Re(550))は125nmであり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
下記式(12-9)で表される光配向材料5部をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン95部に溶解させ、得られた溶液を0.45μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、光配向溶液(2)を得た。次に厚さ0.7mmのガラス基材にスピンコート法を用いて塗布し、100℃で5分乾燥した後、さらに130℃で10分乾燥した後、直ぐに313nmの直線偏光を10mW/cm2の強度で1分間照射して光配向膜(2)得た。得られた光配向膜上に重合性組成物(51)をスピンコート法で塗布し、100℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、高圧水銀ランプを用いて、30mW/cm2の強度で30秒間紫外線を照射して実施例104のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。配向性評価の結果、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。また、得られた光学異方体のリタデーションをRETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、波長550nmにおける面内位相差(Re(550))は120nmであり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
上記式(12-8)で表される光配向材料1部を(2-エトキシエトキシ)エタノール50部、2-ブトキシエタノール49部に溶解させ、得られた溶液を0.45μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、光配向溶液(3)を得た。次に厚さ80μmのポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA)フィルムにバーコート法を用いて塗布し、80℃で2分乾燥した後、365nmの直線偏光を10mW/cm2の強度で50秒間照射して光配向膜(3)得た。得られた光配向膜上に重合性組成物(51)をスピンコート法で塗布し、100℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、高圧水銀ランプを用いて、30mW/cm2の強度で30秒間紫外線を照射して実施例105のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。配向性評価の結果、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。また、得られた光学異方体のリタデーションをRETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、波長550nmにおける面内位相差(Re(550))は137nmであり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
比較用重合性組成物(C6)を使用した以外は、実施例103と同一条件で比較例12のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得て、実施例104と同一条件で比較例13のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得て、実施例105と同一条件で比較例14のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。配向性評価の結果、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全く、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。得られた比較用光学異方体(12)~(14)のレベリング性評価を目視にて観察したところ、塗膜表面にハジキ欠陥が少し観察された。得られた比較用光学異方体(12)~(14)において、重合性組成物中の界面活性剤が裏移りしているかどうかを目視にて観察したところ、少し観察された。
厚さ180μmのPETフィルムを市販のラビング装置を用いてラビング処理した後、本発明の重合性組成物(52)をバーコート法で塗布し、80℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、ランプ出力2kWのUVコンベア装置(GSユアサ株式会社製)を用いてコンベア速度5m/minで紫外線を照射して、実施例106のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。
下記表に示す各化合物をそれぞれ下記表に示す割合に変更した以外は実施例1の重合性組成物(1)の調整と同一条件で、実施例107~142の重合性組成物(53)~(88)を得た。下記表に、本発明の重合性組成物(53)~(88)の具体的な組成を示す。
実施例107~142の溶解性は以下のようにして評価した。
○:調整後、透明で均一な状態が目視で確認できる。
△:加温、拡販したときには透明で均一な状態が目視で確認できるが、室温に戻したときに化合物の析出が確認される。
×:加温、撹拌しても化合物が均一溶解できない。
実施例107~142を室温で1週間放置した後の状態を目視で観察した。なお、保存安定性は以下のようにして評価した。
○:室温で3日放置後も透明で均一な状態が保持される。
△:室温で1日放置後も透明で均一な状態が保持される。
×:室温で1時間放置後に化合物の析出が確認される。
得られた結果を下表に示す。
厚さ50μmの一軸延伸PETフィルムを市販のラビング装置を用いてラビング処理した後、本発明の重合性組成物(53)をバーコート法で塗布し、90℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、UVコンベア装置(GSユアサ株式会社製)を用いてコンベア速度6m/minで紫外線を照射して、実施例143のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。
用いる重合性組成物をそれぞれ、本発明の重合性組成物(54)~(80)に変更した以外は、実施例143と同一条件にて、実施例144~170のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り評価を、実施例53と同様に行った。得られた結果を下表に示す。
COPフィルム基材上にシランカップリング系垂直配向膜を積層したフィルムに、本発明の重合性組成物(81)~(85)をバーコート法で塗布し、90℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、UVコンベア装置(GSユアサ株式会社製)を用いてコンベア速度6m/minで紫外線を照射して、実施例171~175のポジティブCプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り性評価を、実施例89と同様に行った。得られた結果を下記表に示す。
厚さ50μmの一軸延伸PETフィルムを市販のラビング装置を用いてラビング処理した後、本発明の重合性組成物(86)~(88)をバーコート法で塗布し、90℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで冷却した後、UVコンベア装置(GSユアサ株式会社製)を用いてコンベア速度6m/minで紫外線を照射して、実施例176~178のポジティブOプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性評価、位相差比、レベリング性評価及び裏移り性評価を、実施例89と同様に行った。得られた結果を下記表に示す。
式(1-a-5)で表される化合物20部、式(1-a-6)で表される化合物50部、式(2-a-1)で表され、n=6である化合物10部、式(2-a-1)で表され、n=3である化合物10部、式(2-b-1)で表され、m=n=3である化合物10部、式(d-7)で表される化合物6部をシクロペンタノン400部に加えた後、60℃に加温、撹拌して分散溶解させ、分散溶解が確認された後、室温に戻し、イルガキュア907(Irg907;BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、イルガキュアOXE-01(Irg.OXE-01;BASFジャパン株式会社製)3部、式(H-1)で表される化合物0.20部、p-メトキシフェノール(MEHQ)0.1部、イルガノックス1076(BASFジャパン株式会社製)0.1部、トリメチロールプロパン トリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)TMMP(SC有機化学株式会社製)2部を加えて、さらに撹拌を行い、溶液を得た。溶液は、均一であった。得られた溶液を0.5μmのメンブランフィルターでろ過し、本発明の重合性組成物(89)を得た。実施例179の溶解性を実施例1と同様に評価したところ、透明で均一な状態であった。また保存安定性を実施例1と同様に評価したところ、室温で3日放置後も透明で均一な状態が保持されていた。
下記表に示す各化合物をそれぞれ下記表に示す割合に変更した以外は実施例179の重合性組成物(89)の調整と同一条件で、実施例180~182の重合性組成物(90)~(92)を得た。下記表に、本発明の重合性組成物(89)~(92)の具体的な組成を示す。
トリメチロールプロパントリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)(TMMP)
実施例179~182の溶解性は以下のようにして評価した。
○:調整後、透明で均一な状態が目視で確認できる。
△:加温、拡販したときには透明で均一な状態が目視で確認できるが、室温に戻したときに化合物の析出が確認される。
×:加温、撹拌しても化合物が均一溶解できない。
実施例179~182を室温で1週間放置した後の状態を目視で観察した。なお、保存安定性は以下のようにして評価した。
○:室温で3日放置後も透明で均一な状態が保持される。
△:室温で1日放置後も透明で均一な状態が保持される。
×:室温で1時間放置後に化合物の析出が確認される。
得られた結果を下表に示す。
配向膜用ポリイミド溶液を厚さ0.7mmのガラス基材にスピンコート法を用いて塗布し、100℃で10分乾燥した後、200℃で60分焼成することにより塗膜を得た。得られた塗膜をラビング処理した。ラビング処理は、市販のラビング装置を用いて行った。
ラビングした基材に本発明の重合性組成物(89)をスピンコート法で塗布し、90℃で2分乾燥した。得られた塗布膜を室温まで2分かけて冷却した後、高圧水銀ランプを用いて、30mW/cm2の強度で30秒間紫外線を照射して実施例183のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の偏光度、透過率、及びコントラストをRETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、偏光度は99.0%、透過率は44.5%、コントラストは93であり、偏光フィルムとして機能することがわかった。
本発明の重合性組成物(90)を厚さ0.7mmのガラス基材にスピンコート法を用いて塗布し、70℃で2分乾燥した後、さらに100℃で2分乾燥し、313nmの直線偏光を10mW/cm2の強度で30秒間照射した。その後、塗布膜を室温まで戻し、高圧水銀ランプを用いて、30mW/cm2の強度で30秒間紫外線を照射して実施例184のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性を評価したところ、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。また、得られた光学異方体のリタデーションをRETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、波長550nmにおける面内位相差(Re(550))は137nmであり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
用いる重合性組成物を本発明の重合性組成物(91)に変更した以外は、実施例184と同一条件にて、実施例185のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性を評価したところ、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。また、得られた光学異方体のリタデーションをRETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、波長550nmにおける面内位相差(Re(550))は130nmであり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
用いる重合性組成物を本発明の重合性組成物(92)に変更した以外は、実施例184と同一条件にて、実施例186のポジティブAプレートである光学異方体を得た。得られた光学異方体の配向性を評価したところ、目視では欠陥が全くなく、偏光顕微鏡観察でも欠陥が全くなかった。また、得られた光学異方体のリタデーションをRETS-100(大塚電子株式会社製)で測定したところ、波長550nmにおける面内位相差(Re(550))は108nmであり、均一性良好な位相差フィルムが得られた。
Claims (16)
- a)1つの重合性基または2つ以上の重合性基を有し、かつ、式(I)を満たす重合性化合物、
Re(450nm)/Re(550nm)<1.0 (I)
(式中、Re(450nm)は、前記1つの重合性基を有する重合性化合物を基板上に分子の長軸方向が実質的に基板に対して水平に配向させたときの450nmの波長における面内位相差、Re(550nm)は、前記1つの重合性基を有する重合性化合物を基板上に分子の長軸方向が実質的に基板に対して水平に配向させたときの550nmの波長における面内位相差を表す。)
b)ペンタエリスリトール骨格又はジペンタエリスリトール骨格を有する化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のフッ素系界面活性剤(III)、
を含有する重合性組成物。 - 前記1つの重合性基または2つ以上の重合性基を有し、かつ、式(I)を満たす重合性化合物が、一般式(1)~(7)のいずれかの液晶性化合物を少なくとも1つ以上含有する請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の重合性組成物。
S11~S72はスペーサー基を又は単結合を表すが、S11~S72が複数存在する場合それらは各々同一であっても異なっていても良く、
X11~X72は-O-、-S-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-又は単結合を表すが、X11~X72が複数存在する場合それらは各々同一であっても異なっていても良く(ただし、各P-(S-X)-結合には-O-O-を含まない。)、
MG11~MG71は各々独立して式(a)を表し、
A11、A12は各々独立して1,4-フェニレン基、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基、ピリジン-2,5-ジイル基、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル基、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、ナフタレン-1,4-ジイル基、テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル基又は1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル基を表すが、これらの基は無置換又は1つ以上のL1によって置換されても良いが、A11及び/又はA12が複数現れる場合は各々同一であっても異なっていても良く、
Z11及びZ12は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C≡C-又は単結合を表すが、Z11及び/又はZ12が複数現れる場合は各々同一であっても異なっていても良く、
Mは下記の式(M-1)から式(M-11)
Gは下記の式(G-1)から式(G-6)
W81は少なくとも1つの芳香族基を有する、炭素原子数5から30の基を表すが、当該基は無置換又は1つ以上のL1によって置換されても良く、
W82は水素原子又は炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、当該アルキル基中の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-によって置換されても良く、或いはW82はW81と同様の意味を表しても良く、W81及びW82は互いに連結し同一の環構造を形成しても良く、或いはW82は下記の基
L1はフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ペンタフルオロスルフラニル基、ニトロ基、イソシアノ基、アミノ基、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、メチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、ジイソプロピルアミノ基、トリメチルシリル基、ジメチルシリル基、チオイソシアノ基、又は、炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-又は-C≡C-から選択される基によって置換されても良いが、化合物内にL1が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
j11は1から5の整数、j12は1~5の整数を表すが、j11+j12は2から5の整数を表す。)、R11及びR31は水素原子、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、ペンタフルオロスルフラニル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、イソシアノ基、チオイソシアノ基、又は、炭素原子数1から20のアルキル基を表すが、当該アルキル基は直鎖状であっても分岐状であっても良く、当該アルキル基中の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されても良く、当該アルキル基中の1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は各々独立して-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-又は-C≡C-によって置換されても良く、m11は0~8の整数を表し、m2~m7、n2~n7、l4~l6、k6は各々独立して0から5の整数を表す。) - 2色性色素を含有する請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の重合性組成物。
- シンナメート誘導体を含有する請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の重合性組成物。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の重合性組成物の重合体。
- 請求項8に記載の重合体を用いた光学異方体。
- 請求項8に記載の重合体を用いた位相差フィルム。
- 請求項8に記載の重合体を用いた偏光フィルム。
- 請求項8に記載の重合体を含有するレンズシート。
- 請求項8に記載の重合体を含有する発光ダイオード照明装置。
- 請求項9に記載の光学異方体又は請求項10に記載の位相差フィルムを含有する表示素子。
- 請求項9に記載の光学異方体又は請求項10に記載の位相差フィルムを含有する発光素子。
- 請求項10に記載の位相差フィルムを含有する反射フィルム。
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US20190233565A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
US11186669B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 |
KR20170105041A (ko) | 2017-09-18 |
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KR102552213B1 (ko) | 2023-07-06 |
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