WO2015152351A1 - 粘着シート - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- WO2015152351A1 WO2015152351A1 PCT/JP2015/060417 JP2015060417W WO2015152351A1 WO 2015152351 A1 WO2015152351 A1 WO 2015152351A1 JP 2015060417 W JP2015060417 W JP 2015060417W WO 2015152351 A1 WO2015152351 A1 WO 2015152351A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- adhesive sheet
- coating film
- sensitive adhesive
- pressure
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/10—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
- B05D3/107—Post-treatment of applied coatings
- B05D3/108—Curing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0025—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents; including accelerators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J121/00—Adhesives based on unspecified rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
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- C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/10—Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
- C09J7/25—Plastics; Metallised plastics based on macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/255—Polyesters
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/29—Laminated material
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
- C09J7/381—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA] based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/383—Natural or synthetic rubber
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
- C09J7/381—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA] based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/385—Acrylic polymers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
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- C08K3/346—Clay
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
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- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/10—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
- C09J2301/16—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the structure of the carrier layer
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09J2301/20—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself
- C09J2301/204—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself the adhesive coating being discontinuous
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- C09J2301/208—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself the adhesive layer being constituted by at least two or more adjacent or superposed adhesive layers, e.g. multilayer adhesive
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- C09J2301/302—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being pressure-sensitive, i.e. tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
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- C09J2301/408—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components additives as essential feature of the adhesive layer
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- C09J2483/00—Presence of polysiloxane
- C09J2483/005—Presence of polysiloxane in the release coating
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- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an adhesive sheet. Specifically, the present invention relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet that has excellent air release properties and good adhesive properties.
- a general pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet is composed of a base material, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on the base material, and a release material provided on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer as necessary.
- the release material is peeled off, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is stuck to the adherend and attached.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a large application area used for identification / decoration, coating masking, surface protection of a metal plate, etc. is applied to an adherend with an adhesive layer and an adherend.
- air pockets are easily generated between them, and the portion becomes “bulging”, making it difficult to adhere the adhesive sheet to the adherend.
- Patent Document 1 a release material having a fine emboss pattern is brought into contact with the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a groove having a specific shape is formed on the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet that is artificially arranged in a predetermined pattern is disclosed. By using such an adhesive sheet, it is said that “air pockets” generated when sticking to an adherend can be released to the outside through a groove artificially formed on the surface of the adhesive layer. ing.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in which grooves having a specific shape are arranged in a predetermined pattern is difficult to remove air when the groove width is narrow, and the groove width is wide. There is a problem that not only the surface substrate is recessed and the appearance is inferior, but also the adhesive strength is lowered.
- the adhesive sheet since the adhesive sheet has the grooves arranged in a predetermined pattern, the adhesive strength of the place where the grooves are arranged is locally inferior, and when the adhesive sheet is attached to the adherend, the adhesive sheet does not peel off from the place. May occur.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet when the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet is peeled off after being adhered to the adherend, the pressure-sensitive adhesive properties of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet are locally different. Therefore, depending on the direction in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet is peeled off, there is a possibility that adhesive residue may occur on the adherend. For example, in the case of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in which grooves are arranged in a lattice shape, adhesive residue may occur on the adherend when peeled in an oblique direction. Further, when the punching process is performed on the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet, the groove arrangement pattern and the punching pattern may overlap. In that case, there is a problem that the cutting depth varies, and the cutting cannot be appropriately formed in the adhesive sheet.
- Patent Document 1 in order to form a fine structure in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a method of laminating the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the base material after the pressure-sensitive adhesive is once applied to the emboss liner to form the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer ( The so-called transfer coating method is employed.
- a base material having a low polarity surface such as a polyolefin base material
- sufficient adhesion cannot be obtained at the interface between the base material and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- a release material made of paper a release material made of a resin film makes it difficult to form a fine emboss pattern on the adhesive layer.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet described in Patent Document 1 is inferior in blister resistance, there is a problem that blisters are likely to occur when used at high temperatures.
- the present invention provides a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet that has excellent air release properties that can easily remove air pockets that can be generated when affixed to a translucent adherend and that also has good adhesive properties. Objective.
- the present inventors have found that a concave sheet that does not contact the surface exists on the surface ( ⁇ ), and that the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having an irregular shape can solve the above-mentioned problems.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a resin layer on a base material or a release material, and at least the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer opposite to the side on which the base material or release material is provided is adhesive.
- a recess (G) that does not contact the smooth surface exists on the surface ( ⁇ ) The pressure sensitive adhesive sheet whose shape of the above-mentioned crevice (G) is indefinite.
- the layer (X ⁇ ) is a layer formed from a composition (x ⁇ ) containing a resin as a main component
- the layer (Y1) is a layer formed from a composition (y) containing 15% by mass or more of fine particles
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet according to [11] wherein the layer (X ⁇ ) is a layer formed from a composition (x ⁇ ) containing a resin as a main component.
- Step (1) A step of forming a coating film (x ′) composed of a composition (x) containing a resin as a main component and a coating film (y ′) composed of a composition (y) containing 15% by mass or more of fine particles.
- Step (2) A step of simultaneously drying the coating film (x ′) and the coating film (y ′) formed in Step (1) [14] A method for producing the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet according to [12], The manufacturing method of an adhesive sheet which has following process (1B) and (2B) at least.
- Step (1B) From the composition (y) containing 15% by mass or more of the fine particles on the coating film (x ⁇ ) made of the composition (x) containing a resin as a main component provided on the substrate or the release material.
- Step (1B) Step [15] A method for producing the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet according to [12] above, wherein the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) formed in (1) are simultaneously dried, and at least the following steps (1B) and ( 2B), the manufacturing method of the adhesive sheet.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention has an excellent air releasing property that can easily remove air pockets that can be generated when it is applied to a translucent adherend, and also has a good pressure-sensitive adhesive property.
- FIG. 1 It is a plane schematic diagram of the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer after pasting the smooth surface of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer. Section of the resin layer showing an example of the shape of the surface ( ⁇ ) side of the light-transmitting adherend having a smooth surface on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention before the smooth surface is applied. It is a schematic diagram.
- the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet produced in Example 10 and the smooth surface of the light-transmitting adherend having a smooth surface are pasted, and the surface ( ⁇ ) is observed from the light-transmitting adherend side.
- the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet prepared in Comparative Example 1 and the smooth surface of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface are pasted, and the surface ( ⁇ ) is observed from the translucent adherend side.
- This is a binarized image obtained by acquiring a digital image and applying image processing (binarization processing) to a region surrounded by a square with a side of 2 mm arbitrarily selected in the digital image. .
- YY including XX component as main component or “YY mainly composed of XX component” is described as “the component having the highest content among components included in YY is XX component. It means that there is.
- the specific content of the XX component in the description is usually 50% by mass or more, preferably 65 to 100% by mass, more preferably 75 to 100% by mass, based on the total amount of YY (100% by mass). Preferably, it is 85 to 100% by mass.
- (meth) acrylic acid indicates both “acrylic acid” and “methacrylic acid”, and the same applies to other similar terms.
- the lower limit value and the upper limit value described in a stepwise manner can be independently combined for a preferable numerical range (for example, a range such as content).
- a preferable numerical range for example, a range such as content.
- a preferable numerical range for example, a range such as content.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adhesive sheet, showing an example when the surface ( ⁇ ) of a resin layer and the smooth surface of a translucent adherend having a smooth surface are attached.
- the resin layer 12 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention has a concave portion (G) that does not contact the smooth surface when the smooth surface of a light-transmitting adherend having a smooth surface is pasted on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a. 13 exists on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a.
- the concave portion (G) 13 plays a role as an air discharge passage for escaping an “air reservoir” generated when the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is attached to an adherend.
- the length of the said recessed part 13 does not have a restriction
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the structure of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention before the translucent adherend is attached to the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a.
- a recess (g) 13 ′ is present on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12 a of the resin layer 12 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention even before the translucent adherend is applied. .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer before applying the smooth surface of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface to the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer.
- a region (Q) surrounded by a square 50 of 1 mm on each side on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer in FIG.
- the region (Q) there is a recess (g) 13'a having a relatively high level difference and a recess (g) 13'b having a relatively low level difference.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer in FIG. 3, and a region after the smooth surface of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface is pasted on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer. It is a plane schematic diagram of the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer in (Q).
- the concave portion (g) 13′b having a shallow height difference in the drawing is in contact with the smooth surface of the adherend, and the deep concave portion (g) 13′a is in contact with the smooth surface of the adherend. It is shown that the concave portion (G) 13a is not formed.
- the concave portion (g) 13′b existing in FIG. 4 is a concave portion (g) having a shallow difference in height, and therefore is in contact with the smooth surface of the adherend in FIG. It has been shown not to. Accordingly, the recess (G) 13a that does not contact the smooth surface of the adherend in FIG. 4 is smaller than the portion occupied by the recess (g) 13′a in the region (Q) in FIG.
- the surface ( ⁇ ) has adhesiveness, but when the surface ( ⁇ ) is affixed to the translucent adherend, a portion having a relatively small difference in height of the concave portion (g) is also transparent. This is because the light adherend was stuck in contact with the smooth surface. That is, the portion occupied by the recess (G) that does not contact the smooth surface of the translucent adherend after applying the smooth surface of the translucent adherend and the recess before applying the smooth surface of the translucent adherend The portion occupied by (g) does not necessarily match. In FIG. 4, it can be said that the greater the portion occupied by the concave portion (G) that does not contact the smooth surface of the translucent adherend, the higher the air release effect that escapes the “air pocket” to the outside.
- the shape of the concave portion (G) is indefinite means that the shape of the concave portion (G) in a plan view or a three-dimensional view is surrounded only by a circle or a straight line (circular, triangular, square, etc.) This means a recess having a shape that does not have a specific shape, and that the shape is not regular, and the individual recesses (G) are not similar in shape to each other.
- the determination of whether or not the shape of the recess (G) on the surface ( ⁇ ) is indeterminate is based on the smooth surface of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface when viewed in plan on the surface ( ⁇ ).
- the determination is made based on whether or not the concave portion (G) that is not in contact with the smooth surface on the entire surface ( ⁇ ) is indefinite. Furthermore, if at least the planar shape is indefinite, the shape of the recess (G) is determined to be indefinite. Specifically, in principle, the shape of the concave portion (G) is determined by visual observation in three dimensions or with a digital microscope (magnification: 30 to 100 times). However, 10 regions (R) surrounded by a square with a side of 4 mm are selected on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface, and each region (R) is surrounded by each region (R).
- the shape of the existing recess (G) When observing the shape of the existing recess (G) visually or with a digital microscope (magnification: 30 to 100 times) from the surface ( ⁇ ) side in plan view (stereoscopic view if necessary), in any of the selected areas, if the shape of the recess (G) present in each region is determined to be indefinite, it can be regarded as “the shape of the recess (G) on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer is indefinite”.
- the “translucent adherend having a smooth surface” includes a recess (G) that does not contact the smooth surface on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer and the recess (G ) Is defined as an irregular shape, it merely defines the adherend to be used, and does not prescribe the adherend to which the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is attached. Absent.
- the adherend to which the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited as to whether it has a smooth surface or translucency, and may be, for example, a translucent adherend consisting of a curved surface. .
- the “smooth surface” of the “translucent adherend having a smooth surface” means a surface having a center line average roughness (Ra 75 ) defined by JIS B0601: 2001 of 0.1 ⁇ m or less. Further, “translucency” means a characteristic that the total light transmittance measured in accordance with JIS K7105 is 70% or more.
- the material of the translucent adherend is not particularly limited, but glass is preferable from the viewpoint that it is easy to obtain the translucent adherend having the above-mentioned smooth surface and from the viewpoint of visual observation or a digital microscope.
- Such a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet has a fixed groove shape, and even if the groove shape is designed to improve one characteristic selected from air bleedability, appearance, adhesive characteristics, punching workability, etc., The characteristics often deteriorate.
- the inventors of the present invention for example, differ in the shape of the groove that contributes to the improvement of the air escape characteristics and the shape of the groove that contributes to the improvement of the adhesive property, and the shape of the groove required to improve the respective characteristics.
- the concave portion (G) present on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer when the smooth surface of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface is pasted is indefinite, Since the recessed part from which the contribution to improvement of various characteristics, such as a property, an external appearance, an adhesive characteristic, and a punching property differs, is formed, it can be set as the adhesive sheet which improved these characteristics with sufficient balance.
- a recess (g) exists even before the translucent adherend is applied.
- the recess (g) is preferably formed by self-forming of the resin layer.
- self-forming means a phenomenon that naturally creates a disordered shape in the autonomous formation process of the resin layer, and more specifically, a coating formed from a composition that is a material for forming the resin layer. It means a phenomenon in which the film is dried to create a naturally disordered shape in the process of autonomous formation of the resin layer.
- the shape of the recess (g) formed by self-forming the resin layer in this way is adjusted to some extent by adjusting the drying conditions and the type and content of the components in the composition that is the resin layer forming material.
- the recess (g) formed by the self-formation of the resin layer is indefinite.
- the recess (g) formed by self-formation is different from the groove formed by the transfer of the emboss pattern.
- the concave portion (G) on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is a concave portion that does not contact the smooth surface of the translucent adherend when the translucent adherend is applied. ) Originates from the recess (g). Therefore, it is preferable that the concave portion (G) on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is also formed by self-forming of the resin layer.
- the process of forming the recess (g) on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is considered as follows. First, at the time of forming the coating film made of the composition that becomes the resin layer forming material, in the step of drying the coating film, shrinkage stress is generated inside the coating film, and the bonding strength of the resin is weakened. Cracks occur in the coating film. And it is thought that resin (g) is formed on the surface ((alpha)) of a resin layer because the resin of the periphery of this crack part flows in into the space temporarily produced by the crack. After forming two-layer coating films with different resin contents, the two-layer coating films are dried at the same time, resulting in a shrinkage stress difference inside the coating film and causing cracks in the coating film. It will be easier.
- the suitable aspect of each matter for making it easy to form a recessed part (g) is as the description by the applicable item mentioned later.
- -Viscosity and solid content concentration of the composition which is a material for forming the coating film. The thickness of the coating film to be formed. (In the case of multiple layers, the thickness of each coating film) -Drying temperature and drying time of the formed coating film.
- the above items are often set appropriately for the purpose of forming a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a flat surface.
- said matter is set so that the recessed part (g) which can contribute to the improvement of the air release property of an adhesive sheet is intentionally formed, and the adhesive layer of a general adhesive sheet It is completely different from the design method.
- the above items are preferably set as appropriate in consideration of the fluidity of the resin contained in the coating film to be formed.
- the composition contains fine particles
- by adjusting the viscosity of the coating film composed of a composition containing many fine particles to an appropriate range, while maintaining the predetermined fluidity of the fine particles in the coating film Mixing with other coating films (coating films containing a large amount of resin) can be moderately suppressed.
- the coating film containing a lot of resin cracks are generated in the horizontal direction, and the recesses (g) tend to be easily formed.
- the ratio of the formed recesses (g) can be increased, and the ratio of the recesses connected to each other can be increased to provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having better air release properties. Can do.
- the type, constituent monomer, molecular weight, and resin content of the resin so that the resin contained in the coating film containing a large amount of resin has appropriate viscoelasticity. That is, by appropriately increasing the hardness of the coating film (hardness determined by factors such as the viscoelasticity of the resin and the viscosity of the coating solution), the shrinkage stress of the resin portion (X) is increased, and the recess (g) is formed. It becomes easy to form. The harder the coating film, the stronger the shrinkage stress and the easier it is to generate recesses. Further, if the elasticity of the resin is increased too much, the adhesive strength of the resin layer formed from the coating film tends to decrease.
- the composition or coating film contains fine particles
- the degree of swelling of the resin layer by the fine particles and the self-forming ability of the recesses (g) are adjusted by optimizing the dispersion state of the fine particles. As a result, it is considered that the recess (g) can be easily formed on the surface ( ⁇ ) and can be adjusted.
- the crosslinking rate of the formed coating film or composition that is a forming material. That is, when the crosslinking speed of the coating film is too high, the coating film may be cured before the recess (g) is formed. It also affects the size of cracks in the coating.
- the crosslinking rate of the coating film can be adjusted by appropriately setting the type of the crosslinking agent and the solvent in the composition as the forming material, the drying time and the drying temperature of the coating film.
- the concave portion (G) on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is a concave portion that does not contact the smooth surface of the translucent adherend when the translucent adherend is applied.
- ) Is derived from the recess (g) as described above.
- the recesses (G) are preferably present in plural.
- the case where one recessed part (G) exists on the surface ((alpha)) shows the case where all the recessed parts (G) on the surface ((alpha)) become the continuous recessed part (G).
- the determination of whether there is one or more recesses (G) is made by visually observing the entire surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer or using a digital microscope.
- the region (R) arbitrarily selected on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet and surrounded by a square having a side of 4 mm is arbitrarily selected, and each region (R) is selected. It can also be determined by visual observation or observation with a digital microscope whether there is one or a plurality of recesses.
- the concave portions (G) exist irregularly on the surface ( ⁇ ).
- “the recesses (G) are irregularly present” means that the recesses (G) are not present on the surface ( ⁇ ) in a predesigned shape or a predetermined pattern.
- the shape of the pasting surface in contact with the smooth surface is indefinite. Is preferred.
- the shape of the recess (G) that does not contact the smooth surface is: Since it is indeterminate, the shape of the pasting surface in contact with the smooth surface is also likely to be indeterminate.
- the positions where the plurality of recesses (G) exist have no periodicity.
- the groove formed by the embossing roll or the like has a certain periodicity. In the present invention, it is preferable that such periodicity does not exist.
- the method for determining the periodicity is to select 10 regions (R) surrounded by an arbitrarily selected square of 4 mm on a side, and determine by observing visually or with a digital microscope (magnification: 30 to 100 times). Can do.
- the area ratio of the attached surface in contact with the smooth surface is preferably 10 to It is 95%, more preferably 20 to 93%, still more preferably 30 to 90%, still more preferably 40 to 75%, and most preferably 45 to 70%.
- the area ratio of the affixing surface is within the above range, it has excellent air release properties and good adhesive properties.
- the area ratio values of the pasted portions in each region are as follows:
- the average value of the area ratio of the applied part obtained by the above operations (i) to (iii) may be regarded as “the area ratio of the applied part on the surface ( ⁇ )” of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet to be measured. it can. More specifically, the average value of the area ratio of the applied part calculated by the method described in the examples is regarded as “the area ratio of the applied part on the surface ( ⁇ )” of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet to be measured. You can also.
- a recess (g) 13 is formed on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12 a of the resin layer 12 on the side opposite to the side on which the substrate 11 or the release material 14 is provided.
- the concave portion (g) 13 ′ present on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a plays a role as an air discharge passage for escaping an “air reservoir” generated when the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is attached to the adherend. Is.
- the preferable aspect of the adhesive sheet of this invention is shown, In the resin layer 12, the resin part (X) and the particle
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention has at least the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “surface ( ⁇ )”) of the resin layer 12 on the side opposite to the side on which the substrate 11 or the release material 14 is provided. Adhesive. Therefore, as a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of one embodiment of the present invention, a release material 14a is further provided on the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer 12 with respect to the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 1a or 1b shown in FIG. It is preferable to have a configuration.
- the surface ( ⁇ ) 12b (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “surface ( ⁇ )”) of the resin layer 12 on the side where the base material 11 or the release material 14 is provided is also adhesive. You may have. If the surface ( ⁇ ) is also adhesive, the adhesive sheet 1a shown in FIG. 2 (a) has good adhesion between the resin layer 12 and the substrate 11, and the adhesive sheet shown in FIG. 2 (b). If it is 1b, it can be set as a double-sided adhesive sheet.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the shape of the surface ( ⁇ ) side of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention before the smooth surface is applied, It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a resin layer.
- the shape of the normal concave portion (g) includes two peak portions (M 1 ), (M 2 ), and a valley portion (N). And have.
- the “height difference” of the recess (g) is the highest position (m) of the two peak portions (M 1 ) and (M 2 ) with respect to the thickness direction of the resin layer 12 (FIG.
- (A) means the length of the difference (h) between the peak portion (M 1 ) maximum point) and the lowest position (n) (the minimum point of the valley portion (N) in FIG. 5A).
- (B) a recess (g) 131 having two peak portions (M 11 ) and (M 12 ) and a valley portion (N 1 ), and two peak portions (M 12 ), (M 13 ), and a recess (g) 132 having a valley portion (N 2 ) and two recesses (g).
- the length of the difference (h 1 ) between the maximum point of the peak portion (M 11 ) and the minimum point of the valley portion (N 1 ) represents the height difference of the recess (g) 131
- the length of the difference (h 2 ) between the local maximum point and the local minimum point of the valley portion (N 2 ) represents the height difference of the recess (g) 132.
- the “recess (g)” on the surface ( ⁇ ) refers to a recess having a height difference of at most 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the “recess (g)” defined in the present invention it is sufficient that a portion having a height difference of 0.5 ⁇ m or more exists in any part of the recess (g). There is no need to have a difference.
- the maximum height difference of the single concave portion (g) is 0.5 ⁇ m or more. From the viewpoint of improving the air release property of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet, maintaining the appearance of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet From the viewpoint of shape stability, it is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more and the thickness of the resin layer, more preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or more and the thickness of the resin layer, and further preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or more and the thickness of the resin layer.
- the ratio is preferably 1/100 to 100/100, more preferably 5/100 to 99/100, still more preferably 10/100 to 96/100, and still more preferably 15/100 to 90/100.
- the average width of the recess (g) is preferably from 1 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably from 3 to 5 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of improving the air release property of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet and improving the pressure-sensitive adhesive property of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet. It is 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the width of the concave portion (g) means the distance between the maximum points of the two peak portions, and in the concave portion (g) 13 ′ shown in FIG. The distance L between (M 1 ) and the mountain portion (M 2 ) is indicated. Further, in the recess (g) 131 shown in FIG.
- Ratio of maximum value of height difference and average value of width of one recess (g) [maximum value of height difference / average value of width] (in the recess (g) 13 ′ shown in FIG. 5A) Is preferably from 1/500 to 100/1, more preferably from the viewpoint of improving the air release property of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet and improving the pressure-sensitive adhesive property of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet. It is 3/400 to 70/3, more preferably 1/60 to 10/1.
- the shape of the affixed portion with the smooth surface of the translucent adherend on the surface ( ⁇ ) is the surface ( ⁇ ) and the translucent adherend. It is preferable that when a smooth surface is attached, it can be visually recognized from the translucent adherend side. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of making a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having improved properties such as air bleedability, appearance, pressure-sensitive adhesive properties, and punching properties in a well-balanced manner, the pasted portion with the smooth surface of the translucent adherend on the surface ( ⁇ ) The shape is preferably an irregular shape. In addition, the same definition as that of the irregular shape of the concave portion (G) is applied to the “irregular shape”.
- the substrate used in one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a paper substrate, a resin film or sheet, a substrate obtained by laminating a paper substrate with a resin, and the like. It can select suitably according to the use of a sheet
- the paper constituting the paper substrate include thin paper, medium quality paper, high quality paper, impregnated paper, coated paper, art paper, sulfuric acid paper, glassine paper and the like.
- Examples of the resin constituting the resin film or sheet include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; vinyl such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
- polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene
- vinyl such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
- Polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate; polystyrene; acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer; cellulose triacetate; polycarbonate; urethane resin such as polyurethane and acrylic-modified polyurethane; polymethylpentene; Polysulfone; Polyetheretherketone; Polyethersulfone; Polyphenylene sulfide; Polyimide resins such as polyetherimide and polyimide; Polyamide resins, acrylic resins, fluorine-based resins.
- the base material obtained by laminating a paper base material with a resin include laminated paper obtained by laminating the paper base material with a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene.
- a resin film or sheet is preferable, a film or sheet made of a polyester resin is more preferable, and a film or sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is still more preferable.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a film or sheet composed of a resin selected from polyethylene naphthalate and a polyimide resin is preferable, and an application requiring weather resistance.
- a film or sheet composed of a resin selected from polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, acrylic resin, and fluororesin is preferable.
- the thickness of the substrate is appropriately set according to the use of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention, but is preferably 5 to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 12 to 12 from the viewpoint of handleability and economy.
- the thickness is 250 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the base material may further contain various additives such as an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a slip agent, an antiblocking agent, and a colorant.
- the base material used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably a non-breathable base material from the viewpoint of improving the blister resistance of the obtained pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet, and specifically, the surface of the above-described resin film or sheet.
- a substrate having a metal layer thereon is preferred.
- the metal formed by the metal layer include metals having metallic luster such as aluminum, tin, chromium, and titanium.
- a method for forming the metal layer for example, a method of depositing the metal by a PVD method such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, or ion plating, or a metal foil made of the metal is attached using a general adhesive. The method etc. are mentioned, The method of vapor-depositing the said metal by PVD method is preferable.
- the surface of the resin film or sheet is oxidized or uneven.
- Surface treatment by a method or the like, or primer treatment may be performed.
- the oxidation method include corona discharge treatment, plasma discharge treatment, chromic acid treatment (wet), hot air treatment, ozone, and ultraviolet irradiation treatment.
- the unevenness method include sand blast method and solvent treatment method. Etc.
- release material As a release material used in one embodiment of the present invention, a release sheet that has been subjected to a double-sided release treatment, a release sheet that has been subjected to a single-sided release treatment, or the like is used. Can be mentioned. In addition, the said peeling process surface does not have uneven
- the base material for the release material include the above-described paper base material, resin film or sheet used as the base material included in the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of one embodiment of the present invention, and a base material obtained by laminating a paper base material with a resin. It is done.
- the release agent examples include rubber elastomers such as silicone resins, olefin resins, isoprene resins, and butadiene resins, long chain alkyl resins, alkyd resins, and fluorine resins.
- the thickness of the release material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 25 to 170 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 35 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention preferably includes a resin part (X) containing a resin as a main component and a particle part (Y) made of fine particles.
- a resin part (X) containing a resin as a main component preferably includes a resin part (X) containing a resin as a main component and a particle part (Y) made of fine particles.
- at least the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer on the side opposite to the side on which the base material or release material is provided has adhesiveness, but the base material or release material is provided.
- the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer on the provided side may also have adhesiveness.
- the resin layer which the adhesive sheet of 1 aspect of this invention has has a space
- gap part (Z) includes the space
- the resin layer included in the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet according to one embodiment of the present invention has a concave portion on the surface ( ⁇ ). Therefore, it can be excellent in air bleeding and blister resistance.
- the shear storage elastic modulus at 100 ° C. of the resin layer included in the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 9.0 ⁇ 10 3 Pa or more from the viewpoint of improving the air release property and blister resistance of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet. More preferably, it is 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more, and further preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more.
- the shear storage modulus at 100 ° C. of the resin layer is measured by measuring at a frequency of 1 Hz using a viscoelasticity measuring device (for example, device name “DYNAMIC ANALYZER RDA II” manufactured by Rheometrics). Means the value.
- the thickness of the resin layer is preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 150 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 10 to 75 ⁇ m.
- the adhesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 0.5 N / 25 mm or more, more preferably 2.0 N / 25 mm or more, more preferably 3.0 N / 25 mm or more, and still more preferably 4.0 N / It is 25 mm or more, more preferably 7.0 N / 25 mm or more.
- the value of the said adhesive force of an adhesive sheet means the value measured by the method as described in an Example. Below, the preferable aspect in which the resin layer which the adhesive sheet of this invention has contains the resin part (X) which contains resin as a main component, and the particle part (Y) which consists of microparticles
- the resin part (X) constituting the resin layer contains a resin as a main component.
- the resin portion (X) is a portion containing components other than the fine particles contained in the resin layer, and is distinguished from the particle portion (Y) in that respect.
- the resin part (X) contains a resin as a main component and may contain a crosslinking agent or a general-purpose additive in addition to the resin.
- the resin content in the resin part (X) is usually 40% or more, preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 65% by weight or more, based on the total amount (100% by weight) of the resin part (X). Preferably it is 75 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 85 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 90 mass% or more, Preferably it is 100 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 99.9 mass% or less.
- the value of the content of the resin in the resin composition that is the material for forming the resin portion (X) is regarded as the “content of the resin in the resin portion (X)”.
- the resin contained in the resin portion (X) preferably contains an adhesive resin from the viewpoint of expressing the adhesiveness on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the formed resin layer.
- the resin layer is a multilayer in which the layer (X ⁇ ), the layer (Y1), and the layer (X ⁇ ) are laminated in this order from the base material or the release material side.
- at least the layer (X ⁇ ) preferably contains an adhesive resin.
- the adhesive resin examples include acrylic resins, urethane resins, rubber resins, and silicone resins.
- acrylic resin is used. It is preferable to contain a resin.
- the content of the acrylic resin is preferably 25 to 100% by mass, more preferably 50 to 100% by mass, and still more preferably 70% with respect to the total amount (100% by mass) of the resin contained in the resin part (X). To 100% by mass, more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and still more preferably 100% by mass.
- resin part (X) contains resin which has a functional group from a viewpoint which makes easy to form the above-mentioned recessed part (G) and recessed part (g) in the surface ((alpha)) of the resin layer formed. It is more preferable to include an acrylic resin having a functional group.
- the resin layer is a multilayer in which the layer (X ⁇ ), the layer (Y1), and the layer (X ⁇ ) are laminated in this order from the base material or the release material side.
- at least the layer (Y1) preferably contains a resin having a functional group.
- the functional group is a group that is a starting point of crosslinking with a crosslinking agent, and examples thereof include a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an epoxy group, an amino group, a cyano group, a keto group, and an alkoxysilyl group. preferable.
- the resin composition used as the formation material of resin part (X) contains the resin which has the said functional group
- the said resin composition contains a crosslinking agent further.
- the composition that is at least the material for forming the layer (Y1) contains a crosslinking agent together with the resin having the functional group.
- the crosslinking agent include an isocyanate crosslinking agent, an epoxy crosslinking agent, an aziridine crosslinking agent, and a metal chelate crosslinking agent.
- isocyanate-based crosslinking agent examples include aromatic polyisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and xylylene diisocyanate; aliphatic polyisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate; alicyclic polyisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate and hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate;
- epoxy-based crosslinking agent examples include ethylene glycol glycidyl ether, 1,3-bis (N, N-diglycidylaminomethyl) cyclohexane, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidyl-m-xylylenediamine, Examples include 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, diglycidyl aniline, diglycidyl amine and the like.
- aziridine-based crosslinking agent examples include diphenylmethane-4,4′-bis (1-aziridinecarboxamide), trimethylolpropane tri- ⁇ -aziridinylpropionate, tetramethylolmethanetri- ⁇ -aziridinyl.
- metal chelate-based cross-linking agent examples include chelate compounds whose metal atoms are aluminum, zirconium, titanium, zinc, iron, tin, etc., from the viewpoint of facilitating the formation of the recesses (G) and the recesses (g).
- Aluminum chelate crosslinking agents are preferred.
- Examples of the aluminum chelate-based crosslinking agent include diisopropoxy aluminum monooleyl acetoacetate, monoisopropoxy aluminum bis oleyl acetoacetate, monoisopropoxy aluminum monooleate monoethyl acetoacetate, diisopropoxy aluminum monolauryl acetoacetate, Examples include isopropoxyaluminum monostearyl acetoacetate and diisopropoxyaluminum monoisostearyl acetoacetate.
- the resin portion (X) is a metal chelate crosslinking agent, an epoxy-based agent. It is preferable to include at least one selected from a crosslinking agent and an aziridine-based crosslinking agent, more preferably a metal chelate-based crosslinking agent, and still more preferably an aluminum chelate-based crosslinking agent.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.3 to 7.0 parts with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin having a functional group. Part by mass.
- resin part (X) is a metal chelate type crosslinking agent and epoxy-type crosslinking. It is preferable to include both agents.
- the content ratio of the metal chelate crosslinking agent and the epoxy crosslinking agent in the resin part (X) [metal chelate system
- the crosslinking agent / epoxy crosslinking agent] is preferably 10/90 to 99.5 / 0.5, more preferably 50/50 to 99.0 / 1.0, and still more preferably 65/35 to mass ratio. It is 98.5 / 1.5, more preferably 75/25 to 98.0 / 2.0.
- the resin part (X) may contain a general-purpose additive.
- the general-purpose additive include tackifiers, antioxidants, softeners (plasticizers), rust inhibitors, pigments, dyes, retarders, reaction accelerators, ultraviolet absorbers, and the like. These general-purpose additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When these general-purpose additives are contained, the content of each general-purpose additive is preferably 0.0001 to 60 parts by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin. .
- the said resin contained in resin part (X) may be only 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the material for forming the resin portion (X) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of the present invention is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a pressure-sensitive adhesive resin having a functional group, and an acrylic resin (A) having a functional group (below) It is more preferable that it is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive containing simply an “acrylic resin (A)”, and it is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive containing an acrylic resin (A) having a functional group and a crosslinking agent (B). More preferably.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive may be either a solvent type or an emulsion type.
- the above-mentioned acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive suitable for the resin part (X) as a forming material will be described.
- Examples of the acrylic resin (A) contained in the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive include a polymer having a structural unit derived from an alkyl (meth) acrylate having a linear or branched alkyl group and a cyclic structure ( Examples thereof include a polymer having a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylate.
- the mass average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic resin (A) is preferably 50,000 to 1,500,000, more preferably 150,000 to 1,300,000, still more preferably 250,000 to 1,100,000, still more preferably 350,000 to 90,000. Ten thousand.
- the acrylic resin (A) a structural unit (a1) derived from an alkyl (meth) acrylate (a1 ′) having an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as “monomer (a1 ′)”), And an acrylic copolymer (A1) having a structural unit (a2) derived from the functional group-containing monomer (a2 ′) (hereinafter also referred to as “monomer (a2 ′)”). More preferably, it is a combination (A1).
- the content of the acrylic copolymer (A1) is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100%, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the acrylic resin (A) in the acrylic adhesive.
- the form of copolymerization of the acrylic copolymer (A1) is not particularly limited, and may be any of a block copolymer, a random copolymer, and a graft copolymer.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group contained in the monomer (a1 ′) is more preferably 4 to 12, further preferably 4 to 8, and still more preferably 4 to 6, from the viewpoint of improving the adhesive property.
- the monomer (a1 ′) include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl ( Examples include meth) acrylate and stearyl (meth) acrylate. Among these, butyl (meth) acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate are preferable, and butyl (meth) acrylate is more preferable.
- the content of the structural unit (a1) is preferably 50 to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 60 to 99% by weight, based on all the structural units (100% by weight) of the acrylic copolymer (A1). More preferably, it is 70 to 95% by mass, and still more preferably 80 to 93% by mass.
- Examples of the monomer (a2 ′) include a hydroxy group-containing monomer, a carboxy group-containing monomer, an epoxy group-containing monomer, an amino group-containing monomer, a cyano group-containing monomer, a keto group-containing monomer, and an alkoxysilyl group-containing monomer. .
- a carboxy group-containing monomer is more preferable.
- Examples of the carboxy group-containing monomer include (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and (meth) acrylic acid is preferred.
- the content of the structural unit (a2) is preferably 0.5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 40% by weight, based on all the structural units (100% by weight) of the acrylic copolymer (A1). More preferably, it is 5 to 30% by mass, and still more preferably 7 to 20% by mass.
- the acrylic copolymer (A1) may have a structural unit (a3) derived from another monomer (a3 ′) other than the monomers (a1 ′) and (a2 ′).
- the other monomer (a3 ′) include cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate, and dicyclopentenyl.
- Examples thereof include (meth) acrylate having a cyclic structure such as oxyethyl (meth) acrylate and imide (meth) acrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and styrene.
- the content of the structural unit (a3) is preferably 0 to 30% by weight, more preferably 0 to 20% by weight, still more preferably based on the total structural unit (100% by weight) of the acrylic copolymer (A1). Is 0 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0 to 5% by mass.
- the above monomers (a1 ′) to (a3 ′) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the method for synthesizing the acrylic copolymer (A1) component is not particularly limited.
- the raw material monomer is dissolved in a solvent and solution polymerization is performed in the presence of a polymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, or the like.
- a polymerization initiator e.g., ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
- a chain transfer agent e.g., ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
- a dispersant emulsion polymerization in an aqueous system using raw material monomers.
- cross-linking agent (B) contained in the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive examples include those described above, and the above-described recesses are formed on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the formed resin layer in view of improving the pressure-sensitive adhesive properties. From the viewpoint of facilitating the formation of (G) and the recess (g), it is preferable to include at least one selected from a metal chelate crosslinking agent, an epoxy crosslinking agent, and an aziridine crosslinking agent. More preferably, an aluminum chelate crosslinking agent is further preferably included.
- crosslinking agent (B) from a viewpoint of making the shape maintenance property of the above-mentioned recessed part (G) and recessed part (g) favorable on the surface ((alpha)) of a resin layer, a metal chelate type crosslinking agent and an epoxy type
- the content of the crosslinking agent (B) is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin (A) in the acrylic adhesive. More preferably, it is 0.3 to 7.0 parts by mass.
- the content ratio of the metal chelate crosslinking agent and the epoxy crosslinking agent is preferably a mass ratio, preferably 10/90 to 99.5 / 0.5, more preferably 50/50 to 99.0 / 1.0, still more preferably 65/35 to 98.5 / 1.5, still more preferably 75/25 to 98.0 / 2.0.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive used in one embodiment of the present invention may contain a general-purpose additive as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Examples of the general-purpose additive include those described above, and the content of the general-purpose additive is also as described above.
- a pressure-sensitive resin other than the acrylic resin (A) (for example, urethane-based resin, rubber-based resin, silicone-based resin, etc.) within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. ) May be contained.
- the content of the acrylic resin (A) in the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70%, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the adhesive resin contained in the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. To 100% by mass, more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and still more preferably 100% by mass.
- the particle portion (Y) constituting the resin layer is made of fine particles.
- the above-mentioned concave portion (G) and concave portion (g) are formed on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the formed resin layer from the viewpoint of improving air bleeding and blister resistance of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet. From the viewpoint of facilitating, it is preferably 0.01 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 25 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the fine particles used in one embodiment of the present invention are not particularly limited, and include inorganic particles such as silica particles, metal oxide particles, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, glass beads, smectite, and organic particles such as acrylic beads. Can be mentioned. Among these fine particles, one or more selected from silica particles, metal oxide particles, and smectites are preferable, and silica particles are more preferable.
- the silica particles used in one embodiment of the present invention may be either dry silica or wet silica.
- the silica particles used in one embodiment of the present invention include organic modified silica surface-modified with an organic compound having a reactive functional group, inorganic modified silica surface-treated with an inorganic compound such as sodium aluminate or sodium hydroxide
- organic-inorganic modified silica surface-treated with these organic compounds and inorganic compounds, organic-inorganic modified silica surface-treated with an organic-inorganic hybrid material such as a silane coupling agent, and the like may be used.
- the mixture which consists of 2 or more types may be sufficient as these silica particles.
- the mass concentration of silica in the silica particles is preferably 70 to 100% by mass, more preferably 85 to 100% by mass, and still more preferably 90 to 100% by mass with respect to the total amount (100% by mass) of the silica particles.
- the volume average secondary particle diameter of the silica particles used in one embodiment of the present invention is described above in terms of improving the air bleeding property and blister resistance of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet, and on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the formed resin layer. From the viewpoint of facilitating the formation of a plurality of recesses that satisfy the requirements (I) to (III), the thickness is preferably 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 8 ⁇ m, still more preferably 1.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the value of the volume average secondary particle diameter of the silica particles is a value obtained by measuring the particle size distribution by a Coulter counter method using a multisizer three machine or the like.
- metal oxide particles examples include particles made of metal oxide selected from titanium oxide, alumina, boehmite, chromium oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide, and composite oxides thereof.
- grains which consist of these metal oxides are also included.
- smectite examples include montmorillonite, beidellite, hectorite, saponite, stevensite, nontronite, and soconite.
- the mass retention after the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of one embodiment of the present invention is heated at 800 ° C. for 30 minutes is preferably 3 to 90% by mass, more preferably 5 to 80% by mass, and still more preferably 7 to 70%. % By mass, more preferably 9 to 60% by mass.
- the mass retention rate can be regarded as indicating the content (% by mass) of fine particles contained in the resin layer. If the said mass retention is 3 mass% or more, it can become an adhesive sheet excellent in air bleeding property and blister resistance. Moreover, the above-mentioned recessed part (G) and recessed part (g) become easy to be formed in the surface ((alpha)) of the resin layer formed at the time of manufacture of the adhesive sheet of this invention. On the other hand, if the mass retention is 90% by mass or less, the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet can have a high film strength and excellent water resistance and chemical resistance.
- Step (1) Forming a coating film (x ′) composed of a composition (x) containing a resin as a main component and a coating film (y ′) composed of a composition (y) containing 15% by mass or more of the fine particles.
- Step Step (2) Step of simultaneously drying the coating film (x ′) and the coating film (y ′) formed in the step (1)
- Step (1) forms a coating film (x ′) composed of a composition (x) containing a resin as a main component and a coating film (y ′) composed of a composition (y) containing 15% by mass or more of the fine particles. It is a process to do.
- the composition (x) is a material for forming the resin part (X), and preferably contains a crosslinking agent together with the above-mentioned resin, and may further contain the above-mentioned general-purpose additives.
- the composition (y) is a material for forming the particle portion (Y), but may further contain a resin, a crosslinking agent, and the above-mentioned general-purpose additives. When these are contained, the composition (y) also serves as a material for forming the resin portion (X).
- composition (x) examples of the resin contained in the composition (x) include resins constituting the above-described resin portion (X). Adhesive resins and resins having functional groups are preferable, and acrylic resins having the above-described functional groups ( A) is more preferable, and the above-mentioned acrylic copolymer (A1) is preferable.
- the content of the resin in the composition (x) is usually 40% by mass or more, preferably 50% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the composition (x) (100% by mass (excluding the dilution solvent)), More preferably 65% by mass or more, more preferably 75% by mass or more, further preferably 85% by mass or more, still more preferably 90% by mass or more, and preferably 100% by mass or less, more preferably 95% by mass. It is as follows.
- the crosslinking agent contained in a composition (x) although the crosslinking agent contained in the above-mentioned resin part (X) is mentioned, a metal chelate type crosslinking agent, an epoxy-type crosslinking agent, and an aziridine type crosslinking agent It is preferable that 1 or more types chosen from these are included, and it is more preferable that a metal chelate type crosslinking agent is included.
- the resin part (X) contains a metal chelate-based crosslinking agent and an epoxy-based crosslinking agent from the viewpoint of improving the shape maintaining property of the recess (g). It is preferable to include both.
- the content ratio of the metal chelate crosslinking agent and the epoxy crosslinking agent in the composition (x) is preferably 10/90 to 99.5 / 0.5, more preferably 50/50 to 99.0 / 1.0, and still more preferably 65/35 to 98.5 by mass ratio. /1.5, more preferably 75/25 to 98.0 / 2.0.
- the content of the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by mass of the resin contained in the composition (x). 3 to 7.0 parts by mass.
- the composition (x) is preferably an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive containing the above-mentioned acrylic resin (A) having a functional group and a crosslinking agent (B), and the above-mentioned acrylic copolymer (A1) and cross-linking.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive containing the agent (B) is more preferable. The details of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive are as described above.
- the composition (x) may contain the above-mentioned fine particles, but the content of the fine particles is less than 15% by mass and more than the content of the resin contained in the composition (x). Few.
- the specific fine particle content is less than 15% by mass, preferably 0 to 13% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition (x) (100% by mass (excluding the dilution solvent)). More preferably, it is 0 to 10% by mass, still more preferably 0 to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0% by mass.
- composition (y) is a material for forming the particle portion (Y), and contains at least 15% by mass of the above-mentioned fine particles. From the viewpoint of fine particle dispersibility, the composition (y) preferably contains a resin together with the fine particles. It is more preferable to contain a crosslinking agent together with the resin. Moreover, the composition (y) may contain a general purpose additive. In addition, these resin, a crosslinking agent, and a general purpose additive become a forming material of resin part (X).
- Examples of the fine particles contained in the composition (y) include those described above. From the viewpoint of forming a void portion (Z) in the resin layer and improving the blister resistance, silica particles are used. One or more selected from metal oxide particles and smectite are preferred.
- the content of the fine particles in the composition (y) is such that the amorphous recesses (g) formed by the self-formation of the resin layer are easily formed on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer. It is 15% by mass or more with respect to the total amount of (y) (100% by mass (excluding the dilution solvent)), preferably 20 to 100% by mass, more preferably 25 to 90% by mass, and still more preferably. It is 30 to 85% by mass, more preferably 35 to 80% by mass.
- composition (y) As resin contained in a composition (y), the same thing as resin contained in the above-mentioned composition (x) is mentioned, It is preferable that the same resin as composition (x) is included. In addition, you may use these resin individually or in combination of 2 or more types. Further, as a more specific resin contained in the composition (y), a resin having a functional group is preferable, an acrylic resin (A) having the above-described functional group is more preferable, and the above-mentioned acrylic copolymer (A1) is more preferable.
- the content of the resin in the composition (y) is usually 1 to 85% by mass, preferably 5 to 80% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition (y) (100% by mass (excluding the diluting solvent)). %, More preferably 10 to 75% by mass, still more preferably 20 to 70% by mass, and still more preferably 25 to 65% by mass.
- crosslinking agent contained in a composition (y) although the crosslinking agent contained in the above-mentioned resin part (X) is mentioned, a metal chelate type crosslinking agent, an epoxy-type crosslinking agent, and an aziridine type crosslinking agent It is preferable that 1 or more types chosen from these are included, and it is more preferable that a metal chelate type crosslinking agent is included. Moreover, it is also preferable that both a metal chelate type crosslinking agent and an epoxy type crosslinking agent are included.
- the preferred range of the content ratio of the metal chelate crosslinking agent and the epoxy crosslinking agent in the composition (y) is It is the same as the composition (x) described above.
- the content of the cross-linking agent is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by mass of the resin contained in the composition (y). 3 to 7.0 parts by mass.
- organic solvent examples include toluene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, t-butanol, s-butanol, acetylacetone, cyclohexanone, n-hexane, and cyclohexane. . These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the order of laminating the coating films (x ′) and (y ′) formed in this step is not particularly limited, but the coating film (x ′) should be laminated on the coating film (y ′). Is preferred.
- the coating film (x ′) may be sequentially formed on the coating film (y ′). Further, from the viewpoint of productivity, a method of simultaneously forming the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ′) with a multilayer coater may be used.
- Examples of the coater used for sequential formation include spin coater, spray coater, bar coater, knife coater, roll coater, knife roll coater, blade coater, gravure coater, curtain coater, and die coater.
- Examples of the coater used for simultaneous application with a multilayer coater include a curtain coater and a die coater. Among these, a die coater is preferable from the viewpoint of operability.
- the pre-treatment is such that the curing reaction of the coating film does not proceed.
- the drying temperature at the time of performing the pre-drying treatment is usually appropriately set within a temperature range in which the formed coating film does not proceed, but preferably in step (2). Is lower than the drying temperature.
- the specific drying temperature indicated by the phrase “below the drying temperature in step (2)” is preferably 10 to 45 ° C., more preferably 10 to 34 ° C., and further preferably 15 to 30 ° C.
- Step (2) is a step of simultaneously drying the coating film (x ′) and the coating film (y ′) formed in step (1).
- Step (2) by simultaneously drying the formed coating film (x ′) and coating film (y ′), a resin layer containing the resin part (X) and the particle part (Y) is formed, and The concave portion (g) described above is formed on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer.
- the drying temperature in this step is preferably 35 to 200 ° C., more preferably 60 ° C. from the viewpoint of facilitating the formation of the above-mentioned recess (G) and recess (g) on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer to be formed. It is ⁇ 180 ° C., more preferably 70 to 160 ° C., and still more preferably 80 to 140 ° C.
- the drying temperature is 35 ° C. or higher, a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet with good air release properties can be obtained.
- the said drying temperature is 200 degrees C or less, the malfunction that the base material and peeling material which an adhesive sheet has shrink
- a void portion (Z) can be formed around the particle portion (Y) of the resin layer formed by this step.
- the void portion (Z) can be easily formed by using at least one selected from silica particles, metal oxide particles, and smectite as the fine particles contained in the composition (y).
- the manufacturing method of the 1st and 2nd aspect shown below is preferable.
- composition (x ⁇ ) or (x ⁇ ) containing a resin as a main component is the same as the above-described composition (x), and the composition The details of each component contained in the product (x ⁇ ) or (x ⁇ ) (type of component, suitable component, component content, etc.) are also the same.
- composition (y) containing 15% by mass or more of fine particles is also as described above.
- the manufacturing method of the first aspect includes at least the following steps (1A) and (2A).
- Step (1A) a coating film (x ⁇ ′) made of a composition (x ⁇ ) containing a resin as a main component on a substrate or a release material, and a coating film made of a composition (y) containing 15% by mass or more of the fine particles.
- (Y ′) and a coating film (x ⁇ ′) made of a composition (x ⁇ ) containing a resin as a main component is laminated and formed in this order.
- Step (2A) Coating film formed in step (1A) ( x ⁇ ′), coating film (y ′), and coating film (x ⁇ ′) are simultaneously dried.
- the composition (x ⁇ ), the composition (y), and the composition (x ⁇ ) are mixed with the above-described solvent to form a solution of the composition and then applied.
- the coating film (x ⁇ ′), the coating film (y ′), and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) is formed on the substrate or the release material, and then the coating film (x ⁇ A method of sequentially forming using a coater as described above may be used, such as forming a coating film (y ') on the coating film (y) and forming a coating film (x ⁇ ') on the coating film (y ').
- the film (x ⁇ ′), the coating film (y ′), and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) may be formed by simultaneous application using the multilayer coater.
- step (1A) after forming one or more coating films (x ⁇ ′), coating film (y ′), and coating film (x ⁇ ′), before moving to step (2A), You may perform the predrying process of the grade which the hardening reaction of the said coating film does not advance.
- the pre-drying treatment may be performed each time after the coating film (x ⁇ ′), the coating film (y ′), and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) are formed.
- the coating film (y ′), the coating film (x ⁇ ′) may be formed after the above pre-drying treatment.
- the drying temperature at the time of performing the pre-drying treatment is usually appropriately set in a temperature range in which the formed coating film does not cure, but preferably in step (2A). Is lower than the drying temperature.
- the specific drying temperature indicated by the phrase “below the drying temperature in step (2A)” is preferably 10 to 45 ° C., more preferably 10 to 34 ° C., and further preferably 15 to 30 ° C.
- the step (2A) is a step of simultaneously drying the coating film (x ⁇ ′), the coating film (y ′), and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) formed in the step (1A).
- the range is the same as in step (2) above.
- a resin layer including the resin portion (X) and the particle portion (Y) is formed.
- the production method of the first aspect includes at least the following steps (1B) and (2B).
- the “layer (X ⁇ ) mainly including the resin portion (X)” is formed by drying the coating film (x ⁇ ′) made of the composition (x ⁇ ) including the resin as the main component. be able to. Since the layer (X ⁇ ) is formed from the composition (x ⁇ ), the layer (X ⁇ ) may contain a crosslinking agent, a general-purpose additive and the like in addition to the resin. The content of the resin portion (X) in the layer (X ⁇ ) is as described above.
- a coating film (x ⁇ ′) composed of a composition (x ⁇ ) containing a resin as a main component is formed on a substrate or a release material, and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) is dried.
- the drying temperature at this time is not particularly limited, and is preferably 35 to 200 ° C, more preferably 60 to 180 ° C, still more preferably 70 to 160 ° C, and still more preferably 80 to 140 ° C.
- the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) are formed in this order on the layer (X ⁇ ) obtained after drying, not on the coating film (x ⁇ ′). This is different from the first aspect described above. Also in the step (1B), it is preferable that the composition (y) and the composition (x ⁇ ) are mixed with the above-described solvent to form a solution of the composition and then applied.
- the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) As a method for forming the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ⁇ ′), after forming the coating film (y ′) on the layer (X ⁇ ), the coating film (x ⁇ ′) is formed on the coating film (y ′).
- the coating film You may perform the predrying process of the grade which does not advance hardening reaction.
- the drying temperature at the time of performing the pre-drying treatment is usually appropriately set within a temperature range in which the formed coating film does not cure, but preferably in step (2B). Is lower than the drying temperature.
- the specific drying temperature indicated by the phrase “below the drying temperature in step (2B)” is preferably 10 to 45 ° C., more preferably 10 to 34 ° C., and further preferably 15 to 30 ° C.
- the step (2B) is a step of simultaneously drying the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) formed in the step (1B).
- the preferred range of the drying temperature in this step is the above-described step (2). ).
- a resin layer including the resin portion (X) and the particle portion (Y) is formed.
- volume average secondary particle diameter of silica particles was determined by measuring the particle size distribution by a Coulter counter method using a multisizer three machine (manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.).
- the thickness of the resin layer was measured by observing the cross section of the resin layer of the target pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet using a scanning electron microscope (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., product name “S-4700”).
- Production examples x-1 to 6 (Preparation of resin composition solutions (x-1) to (x-6)) To 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin having the type and solid content described in Table 1, the type and blending amount of crosslinking agent and dilution solvent described in Table 1 are added, and the solid content concentration shown in Table 1 is added. Resin compositions solutions (x-1) to (x-6) were respectively prepared.
- Acrylic resin (x-ii) (acrylic resin having structural units derived from butyl acrylate (BA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2EHA), vinyl acetate (VAc), and acrylic acid (AA)
- BA butyl acrylate
- 2EHA 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
- VAc vinyl acetate
- AA acrylic acid
- BA / 2EHA / VAc / AA 46/37/10/7 (% by mass)
- Mw 370,000.
- Aluminum chelate crosslinking agent: Product name “M-5A”, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd., solid content concentration 4.95% by mass.
- Epoxy-based cross-linking agent A solution of an epoxy-based cross-linking agent obtained by diluting “TETRAD-C” (product name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.) with toluene to a solid content concentration of 5 mass%.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol.
- AcOEt ethyl acetate.
- Production Examples y-1 to 8 (Preparation of coating solutions (y-1) to (y-8) for forming a coating film (y ′))
- the fine particle dispersion (y-0) prepared in Production Example y-0 having the blending amount shown in Table 2, the acrylic resin solution, crosslinking agent, and diluent solvent having the kind and blending amount shown in Table 2
- IPA isopropyl alcohol.
- Examples 1-8 Formation of coating film A polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (produced by Lintec Corporation, product name “FNS Poppy N50”, thickness 50 ⁇ m) provided with an aluminum vapor deposition layer on one side was used as a base material. Using an applicator, the resin composition solution (x-1) prepared in Production Example x-1 was applied onto the aluminum vapor deposition layer of the PET film. (Thickness) was applied so as to have the thickness shown in Table 3 to form a coating film (x ⁇ ′). Next, on the formed coating film (x ⁇ ′), using an applicator, any one of coating liquids (y-1) to (y-4) for forming a coating film (y ′) of the type shown in Table 3 is used.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- FNS Poppy N50 thickness 50 ⁇ m
- the total thickness of the two layers of the coating (x ⁇ ′) and the coating (y ′) after being overcoated is the thickness shown in Table 3.
- a coating film (y ′) was formed.
- the resin composition solution (x-1) prepared in Production Example x-1 was overcoated with the coating film (x ⁇ ′)
- the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) were applied so that the total thickness of the three layers (the total thickness of the three layers in the non-dried state) was the thickness shown in Table 3, and the coating film (x ⁇ ′ ) Was formed.
- Example 9 A PET film (manufactured by Lintec Corporation, product name “FNS Poppy N50”, thickness 50 ⁇ m) provided with an aluminum vapor deposition layer on one side was used as a base material. Using a knife coater, the resin composition solution (x-2) prepared in Production Example x-2 was applied onto the aluminum vapor-deposited layer of the PET film. Coating) (x ⁇ ′) was formed so that the thickness was 25 ⁇ m. And it was made to dry for 2 minutes at the drying temperature of 100 degreeC, and the layer (X (beta)) containing the resin part (X) was formed.
- the resin composition solution (x-2) prepared in Production Example x-2 was applied onto the aluminum vapor-deposited layer of the PET film. Coating) (x ⁇ ′) was formed so that the thickness was 25 ⁇ m. And it was made to dry for 2 minutes at the drying temperature of 100 degreeC, and the layer (X (beta)) containing the resin part (X) was formed.
- the surface of the formed layer (X ⁇ ) and the surface of a release film (release name: SP-PET381031, manufactured by Lintec Corporation, PET film with a silicone release agent layer on one side, thickness 38 ⁇ m) Were laminated so that a laminate having a layer (X ⁇ ) was once produced.
- the thickness of the coating film (y ′) was set to 55 ⁇ m and the thickness of the coating film (x ⁇ ′) was set to 65 ⁇ m to form each coating film.
- the two-layer coating film (y ′) and coating film (x ⁇ ′) are simultaneously dried at a drying temperature of 100 ° C. for 2 minutes, and include a resin part (X) and a particle part (Y).
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a resin layer having a thickness shown in 3 was prepared.
- Example 1 a coating film (y ′) and a coating film (x ⁇ ′) were not formed, and a preparation was made in Production Example x-1 using a knife coater on an aluminum vapor deposition layer of a PET film used as a substrate.
- the resin part (X-1) was applied in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin composition solution (x-1) was applied so that the film thickness after drying was 25 ⁇ m to form a coating film (x ⁇ ′).
- Comparative Example 2 A PET film (manufactured by Lintec Corporation, product name “FNS Poppy N50”, thickness 50 ⁇ m) provided with an aluminum vapor deposition layer on one side was used as a base material. On the aluminum vapor deposition layer of the PET film, using an applicator, the resin composition solution (x-1) prepared in Production Example x-1 was applied to form a coating film (x ⁇ ′). And dried for 2 minutes to form a layer (X ⁇ ) having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m including the resin portion (X).
- the coating solution (y-1) for forming the coating film (y ′) prepared in Example y-1 was applied to form a coating film (y ′), and then dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a resin part (X) And a layer (Y1) having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m including the particle portion (Y). Further, separately from the above, the resin composition solution (x-1) prepared in Production Example x-1 was applied onto the release agent layer of the same type of release film as described above by using an applicator.
- the film was dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes to form a layer (X ⁇ ) having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m including the resin portion (X). And it laminated so that the surface of the layer (X (beta)) formed on the PET film which is a base material and the surface which the layer (Y1) formed as mentioned above exposed may be bonded. Furthermore, the surface of the layer (Y1) exposed by removing the release film on the layer (Y1) and the surface exposed of the layer (X ⁇ ) formed as described above were laminated. In this way, the layer (X ⁇ ), the layer (Y1), and the layer (X ⁇ ) are laminated in this order on the base material, and includes the resin part (X) and the particle part (Y). A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a resin layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was prepared.
- Examples 10 to 16 A PET film (manufactured by Lintec Corporation, product name “FNS Poppy N50”, thickness 50 ⁇ m) provided with an aluminum vapor deposition layer on one side was used as a base material. Any one of the resin composition solutions (x-1) to (x-6) prepared in Production Examples x-1 to 6 on the aluminum vapor deposition layer of the PET film at a flow rate and a coating speed shown in Table 4. In addition, using any one of the coating liquids (y-1) to (y-8) for forming the coating film (y ′) prepared in Production Examples y-1 to 8, a multilayer die coater (width: 250 mm) is used simultaneously.
- the types of the resin composition solution and coating film (y ′) forming coating solution used as the material for forming each coating film are as shown in Table 4. Then, the three-layer coating film (x ⁇ ′), the coating film (y ′), and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) are simultaneously dried at a drying temperature of 100 ° C. for 2 minutes, and the resin part (X) and the particle part ( A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a resin layer having a thickness shown in Table 4 was prepared.
- Example 17 On the release agent layer of the release film (product of Lintec Co., Ltd., product name “SP-PET381031”, thickness 38 ⁇ m, provided with a silicone release agent layer on one side of the PET film) as the first release material
- the resin composition solution (x-3) was simultaneously applied in this order using a multilayer die coater (width: 250 mm) at the flow rates and application speeds shown in Table 4, and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) was applied from the release film side. ), A coating film (y ′) and a coating film (x ⁇ ′).
- the three-layer coating film (x ⁇ ′), the coating film (y ′), and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) are simultaneously dried at a drying temperature of 100 ° C. for 2 minutes, and the resin part (X) and the particle part ( Y) and a resin layer having a thickness shown in Table 4 was formed. Then, on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the formed resin layer, the surface of the release material layer of a release film (product name “SP-PET386060” manufactured by Lintec Corporation) as the second release material is bonded. To produce an adhesive sheet without a substrate. Then, after leaving this adhesive sheet without a substrate in a 23 ° C.
- the first release material is removed, and the surface ( ⁇ ) of the exposed resin layer and the aluminum vapor deposition layer as the substrate are formed.
- the surface of the aluminum vapor deposition layer of the provided PET film (the product name "FNS poppy N50" by Lintec Corporation, thickness 50micrometer) was laminated so that it might bond, and the adhesive sheet with a base material was produced.
- Example 18 A PET film (manufactured by Lintec Corporation, product name “FNS Poppy N50”, thickness 50 ⁇ m) provided with an aluminum vapor deposition layer on one side was used as a base material. On the aluminum vapor deposition layer of the PET film, the resin composition solution (x-1) prepared in Production Example x-1 was applied using a knife coater to form a coating film (x ⁇ ′). And it was made to dry for 2 minutes at the drying temperature of 100 degreeC, and the 8-micrometer-thick layer (X (beta)) containing the resin part (X) was formed.
- X 8-micrometer-thick layer
- the surface of the formed layer (X ⁇ ) and the surface of a release film (release technology, product name “SP-PET381031”, PET film with a silicone release agent layer on one side, thickness 38 ⁇ m, manufactured by Lintec Corporation) Were laminated so that a laminate having a layer (X ⁇ ) was once produced.
- a coating solution (y ′) for forming a coating film (y ′) prepared in Production Example y-1 was simultaneously applied in this order with a multilayer die coater (width: 500 mm) at the flow rate and application speed shown in Table 4, and the layer (X ⁇ ) From the side, the coating film (y ′) and the coating film (x ⁇ ′) were simultaneously laminated in this order. Then, the two-layer coating films (y ′) and (x ⁇ ′) are simultaneously dried at a drying temperature of 100 ° C. for 2 minutes to include the resin part (X) and the particle part (Y). A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a resin layer having the thickness shown was produced.
- FIG. 1 The configuration shown in FIG. 1 was created by the following operation (i). Operation (i): As shown in FIG. 1, on the smooth surface 100a of the translucent adherend 100, the surface ( ⁇ ) 12a of the resin layer 12 of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples is in contact. Leave on. And it is made to reciprocate 5 times with the 2kg roller (crimping device prescribed
- Example 17 ⁇ Mass retention rate of resin layer of adhesive sheet>
- a release film product name “SP-PET 381031” manufactured by Lintec Corporation, a PET film provided with a silicone release agent layer on one side, instead of the above-mentioned base material, A resin layer was formed on the surface of the release agent layer having a thickness of 38 ⁇ m according to the methods of the examples and comparative examples, and then the release film was removed to obtain a single resin layer.
- the 2 release film of the base materialless adhesive sheet produced in the middle was removed, and the resin layer simple substance was obtained.
- Mass retention of resin layer (%) [(mass of resin layer after heating) / (mass of resin layer before heating)] ⁇ 100
- Air escape characteristics> A pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a size of 50 mm in length and 50 mm in width was stuck on a melamine coating plate as an adherend so that air retention occurred. And the presence or absence of the air pocket after crimping
- Adhesive sheet with a size of 50 mm long ⁇ 50 mm wide is affixed to a polymethylmethacrylate plate (product name “Acrylite L001” manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) 70 mm long ⁇ 150 mm wide ⁇ 2 mm thick, and using a squeegee
- a test sample was prepared by pressure bonding. This test sample was allowed to stand at 23 ° C. for 12 hours, then left in an 80 ° C. hot air dryer for 1.5 hours, and further left in a 90 ° C. hot air dryer for 1.5 hours, after heating was promoted.
- the blister generation state was visually observed, and the blister resistance of each pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- B A blister was partially confirmed.
- C Blister was confirmed on the entire surface.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are views when observed with a scanning electron microscope before applying the smooth surface of the translucent adherend on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet prepared in Examples 1 and 10.
- (a) is a cross-sectional image of the said adhesive sheet
- (b) is a perspective image when observed from the surface ((alpha)) side of the resin layer of the said adhesive sheet.
- the length of 20.0 ⁇ m is indicated for 10 scales described in the image of FIG. 6A
- the length of 200 ⁇ m is indicated for 10 scales described in the image of FIG. 7A.
- the length of 1.00 mm is shown by 10 scales described in the image of FIG.6 (b) and FIG.7 (b).
- FIGS. 6 and 7 formation of recesses was observed on the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets prepared in Examples 1 and 10.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets prepared in other examples were also the same as the images shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 8 is an image when the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet produced in Comparative Example 1 is observed with a scanning electron microscope, where (a) is a cross-sectional image of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet, and (b) is the surface of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet. It is a perspective image at the time of observing from the ((alpha)) side. In addition, the length of 20.0 ⁇ m is shown for the 10 scales described in the image of FIG.
- FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 show the smoothness of the translucent adherend having a smooth surface and the surface ( ⁇ ) of the resin layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet prepared in Example 1, Example 10 and Comparative Example 1, respectively.
- a digital image when the surface ( ⁇ ) is observed from the translucent adherend side is obtained, and an image is obtained for a region surrounded by an arbitrarily selected square of 2 mm on each side of the digital image. It is a binarized image obtained by performing processing (binarization processing).
- the operations until obtaining the binarized image are the same as the operations (i) to (iii) in the item “area ratio of pasted portion”.
- the outer frame in the images of FIGS. 9 to 11 is a square with a side of 2 mm. In the binarized images of FIGS.
- the white portion indicates the pasted portion
- the black portion indicates the non-sticked portion.
- the entire surface ( ⁇ ) was an affixed portion. It is like that.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet of one embodiment of the present invention is useful as a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a large affixing area used for identification or decoration, for coating masking, for surface protection of metal plates and the like.
- Adhesive sheet 11 Base material 12 Resin layer 12a Surface ( ⁇ ) 12b Surface ( ⁇ ) 13 Concave part (G) 13 'recess (g) (X) Resin part (X) (Y) Particle part (Y) (X ⁇ ) Layer (X ⁇ ) mainly containing resin part (X) (X ⁇ ) Layer mainly containing resin portion (X) (X ⁇ ) (Y1) Layer (Y1) including particle part (Y) 14, 14a Release material 50 Square 1 side 1 mm 100 Translucent adherend 100a Smooth surface 101 Attached portion with translucent adherend smooth surface
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Abstract
Description
ところで、例えば、識別・装飾用、塗装マスキング用、金属板等の表面保護用等に使用する、貼付面積が大きい粘着シートは、被着体に貼付する際に、粘着剤層と被着体との間に空気溜まりが発生しやすく、その部分が「ふくれ」となって、粘着シートを被着体にきれいに貼付できにくいという問題がある。
このような粘着シートを用いることで、被着体との貼付時に発生した「空気溜まり」は、粘着剤層の表面に人工的に形成された溝を介して、外部へ逃すことができるとされている。
また、当該粘着シートは、溝が所定パターンで配置されているため、溝が配置された箇所の粘着力は局所的に劣り、当該粘着シートを被着体に貼付した際、当該箇所から剥がれが発生する可能性がある。
一方、当該粘着シートを被着体に貼付後に再剥離する際、当該粘着シートの粘着特性が局所的に異なるため、粘着シートの剥がす方向によっては、被着体に糊残りが生じる恐れがある。例えば、格子状に溝が配置された粘着剤層を有する粘着シートの場合、斜め方向に剥離すると、被着体に糊残りが生じる可能性がある。
さらに、当該粘着シートに対して打ち抜き加工を行う場合、溝の配置パターンと打ち抜き加工のパターンとが重なる恐れがある。その場合、切り込み深さにバラつきが生じ、適切に粘着シートに切り込みを形成できない等の問題がある。
しかし、特許文献1に記載の粘着シートでは、エンボスライナーを剥離材として用いているため、再度剥離材と粘着剤層とをラミネートする際に、剥離材のエンボスパターンに追従しにくいため、エンボス加工が施されていない別の剥離材を用意する必要が生じる。
その上、紙からなる剥離材と異なり、樹脂フィルムからなる剥離材では、粘着剤層に対して、微細なエンボスパターンの形成が難しい。
他にも、特許文献1に記載の粘着シートは、耐ブリスター性が劣るため、高温下で使用した場合に、ブリスターが発生しやすい等の問題がある。
[1]基材又は剥離材上に樹脂層を有し、少なくとも該基材又は剥離材が設けられた側とは反対側の該樹脂層の表面(α)が、粘着性を有する粘着シートであって、
表面(α)上に平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付した際に、当該平滑面に接しない凹部(G)が表面(α)上に存在すると共に、
前記凹部(G)の形状が不定形である、粘着シート。
[2]前記凹部(G)が、前記樹脂層の自己形成化によって形成されたものである、上記[1]に記載の粘着シート。
[3]前記平滑面に接する貼付面の面積割合が、10~95%である、上記[1]又は[2]に記載の粘着シート。
[4]前記凹部(G)の形状が不定形であることを目視により確認できる、上記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
[5]前記凹部(G)が前記表面(α)上に複数存在する、上記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
[6]前記凹部(G)が前記表面(α)上に不規則に存在する、上記[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
[7]前記複数の凹部(G)の存在する位置が周期性を有さない、上記[5]又は[6]に記載の粘着シート。
[8]前記表面(α)上に平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付した際に、当該平滑面に接する貼付面の形状が、不定形である、上記[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
[9]前記樹脂層が、主成分として樹脂を含む樹脂部分(X)と、微粒子からなる粒子部分(Y)とを含む、上記[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
[10]前記樹脂部分(X)が、エポキシ系架橋剤、アジリジン系架橋剤、及び金属キレート系架橋剤から選択される少なくとも1種の架橋剤を含む、上記[9]に記載の粘着シート。
[11]前記樹脂層が、基材又は剥離材が設けられた側から、主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xβ)、粒子部分(Y)を15質量%以上含む層(Y1)、及び主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xα)をこの順で積層した多層構造を有する、上記[9]又は[10]に記載の粘着シート。
[12]層(Xβ)が主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xβ)から形成された層であり、
層(Y1)が微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)から形成された層であり、
層(Xα)が、主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)から形成された層である、上記[11]に記載の粘着シート。
[13]上記[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載の粘着シートを製造する方法であって、少なくとも下記工程(1)及び(2)を有する、粘着シートの製造方法。
工程(1):主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(x)からなる塗膜(x’)、及び微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)を形成する工程
工程(2):工程(1)で形成した塗膜(x’)及び塗膜(y’)を同時に乾燥させる工程
[14]上記[12]に記載の粘着シートを製造する方法であって、少なくとも下記工程(1B)及び(2B)を有する、粘着シートの製造方法。
工程(1B):基材又は剥離材上に設けられた主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(x)からなる塗膜(xβ)上に、前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)を形成する工程、及び主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)からなる塗膜(xα’)をこの順で積層して形成する工程
工程(2B):工程(1B)で形成した塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を同時に乾燥させる工程
[15]上記[12]に記載の粘着シートを製造する方法であって、少なくとも下記工程(1B)及び(2B)を有する、粘着シートの製造方法。
工程(1B):基材又は剥離材上に設けられた、主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xβ)上に、前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)、及び主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)からなる塗膜(xα’)をこの順で積層して形成する工程
工程(2B):工程(1B)で形成した塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を同時に乾燥させる工程
また、本発明において、例えば、「(メタ)アクリル酸」とは、「アクリル酸」と「メタクリル酸」の双方を示し、他の類似用語も同様である。
さらに、好ましい数値範囲(例えば、含有量等の範囲)について、段階的に記載された下限値及び上限値は、それぞれ独立して組み合わせることができる。例えば、「好ましくは10~90、より好ましくは30~60」という記載から、「好ましい下限値(10)」と「より好ましい上限値(60)」とを組み合わせて、「10~60」とすることもできる。
本発明の粘着シートが有する樹脂層12は、表面(α)12a上に、平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付した際に、当該平滑面に接しない凹部(G)13が表面(α)12a上に存在する。
当該凹部(G)13は、本発明の粘着シートを被着体に貼付する際に生じる「空気溜まり」を外部へ逃すための空気排出通路としての役割を担うものである。なお、表面(α)上に存在する凹部(G)13を平面視した際、当該凹部13の長さは、特に制限はない。つまり、凹部(G)13は、比較的長い溝形状のものや、比較的短い窪み形状のものが含まれる。
従って、図4中の被着体の平滑面と接しない凹部(G)13aは、図3中の領域(Q)内の凹部(g)13’aが占める部分よりも小さくなっている。前述したとおり、表面(α)は粘着性を有しているが、表面(α)を透光性被着体に貼付した際に、凹部(g)の比較的高低差が小さい箇所も、透光性被着体の平滑面と接触して貼付されたためである。
つまり、透光性被着体の平滑面を貼付した後の透光性被着体の平滑面と接しない凹部(G)占める部分と透光性被着体の平滑面を貼付する前の凹部(g)が占める部分とは、必ずしも一致しない。
なお、図4において、透光性被着体の平滑面と接しない凹部(G)の占める部分が多いほど、「空気溜まり」を外部へ逃すエア抜け性の発現効果は高いといえる。
なお、表面(α)上の凹部(G)の形状が不定形か否かの判断は、表面(α)上に平面視した場合の平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付した際に、表面(α)の全面における当該平滑面と接していない凹部(G)が不定形か否かによって判断する。さらに、少なくとも平面形状が不定形であれば、凹部(G)の形状は不定形と判断する。具体的には、当該凹部(G)の形状を3次元的に目視又はデジタル顕微鏡(倍率:30~100倍)で観察して判断するのが原則である。
ただし、平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付した表面(α)上において一辺4mmの正方形で囲まれた領域(R)を10領域選択し、各領域(R)内に存在する凹部(G)の形状を目視又はデジタル顕微鏡(倍率:30~100倍)で表面(α)側から平面視(必要に応じて立体視)して観察した際、選択した領域のいずれにおいても、各領域に存在する凹部(G)の形状が不定形と判断されれば、「樹脂層の表面(α)上の凹部(G)の形状は不定形である」とみなすこともできる。
本発明の粘着シートの貼付対象となる被着体は、平滑面の有無や、透光性の有無は、特に限定されず、例えば、曲面からなる透光性の被着体であってもよい。
また、「透光性」とは、JIS K7105に準拠して測定される全光線透過率が70%以上の特性を意味する。
当該透光性被着体の材料は、特に制限は無いが、上記規定の平滑面を有する透光性被着体としやすいとの観点及び目視又はデシタル顕微鏡で観察する観点から、ガラスが好ましい。
本発明者らは、例えば、エア抜け性の向上の寄与する溝の形状と、粘着特性の向上に寄与する溝の形状とでは、それぞれの特性を向上させるために要求される溝の形状が異なるという点に着目し、平滑面を有する透光性被着体の平滑面を貼付した際の粘着性を有する樹脂層の表面(α)上に、不定形の凹部(G)を存在させることの技術的意義を見出した。
つまり、本発明の粘着シートは、平滑面を有する透光性被着体の平滑面を貼付した際の樹脂層の表面(α)上に存在する凹部(G)が不定形であり、エア抜け性、外観、粘着特性、及び抜き加工性等の各種特性の向上への寄与度が異なる凹部が形成されているため、これらの特性をバランス良く向上させた粘着シートとすることができる。
なお、このように樹脂層の自己形成化によって形成された凹部(g)の形状は、乾燥条件や樹脂層の形成材料である組成物中の成分の種類や含有量を調整することで、ある程度の調整は可能ではあるものの、エンボスパターンの転写により形成される溝とは異なり、「全く同じ形状のものを再現することは事実上できない」といえる。そのため、樹脂層の自己形成化によって形成された凹部(g)は、不定形であるといえる。自己形成化によって形成された凹部(g)は、エンボスパターンの転写により形成された溝とは異なる。本発明の粘着シートの表面(α)上の凹部(G)は、透光性被着体を貼付した際に、透光性被着体の平滑面に接しない凹部であり、この凹部(G)は、凹部(g)に由来するものである。従って、本発明の粘着シートの表面(α)上の凹部(G)も樹脂層の自己形成化によって形成されたものであることが好ましい。
まず、樹脂層の形成材料となる組成物からなる塗膜の形成時において、塗膜を乾燥させる工程にて、塗膜内部に収縮応力が発生して、樹脂の結合力が弱くなった部分で、塗膜内で割れが生じる。そして、この割れ部分の周辺の樹脂が、割れにより一時的に生じた空間に流入することで、樹脂層の表面(α)上に凹部(g)が形成されると考えられる。
樹脂の含有量が異なる2層の塗膜を形成した後、当該2層の塗膜を同時に乾燥させることで、乾燥する際に塗膜内部に収縮応力差が発生し、塗膜の割れを生じ易くなると考えられる。
・塗膜の形成材料である組成物中に含まれる樹脂の種類、構成モノマー、分子量、含有量。
・塗膜の形成材料である組成物中に含まれる架橋剤の種類、溶媒の種類。
・塗膜の形成材料である組成物の粘度、固形分濃度。
・形成する塗膜の厚さ。(複層の場合は、各塗膜の厚さ)
・形成した塗膜の乾燥温度、乾燥時間。
一方、本発明では、粘着シートのエア抜け性の向上に寄与し得る凹部(g)が意図的に形成されるように上記の事項を設定しており、一般的な粘着シートの粘着剤層の設計方法とは、全く異なる。
例えば、組成物中に微粒子を含む場合、微粒子を多く含む組成物からなる塗膜の粘度を適度な範囲に調整することで、塗膜中での微粒子の所定の流動性を維持しつつも、他の塗膜(樹脂を多く含む塗膜)との入り混じりを適度に抑制することができる。このように調整することで、樹脂を多く含む塗膜において、水平方向に割れが生じ、凹部(g)が形成され易くなる傾向にある。
その結果、表面(α)上における、形成される凹部(g)の占める割合を増やすことができると共に、互いに繋がっている凹部の割合も増やし、より優れたエア抜け性を有する粘着シートとすることができる。
つまり、塗膜の硬さ(樹脂の粘弾性、塗布液の粘度等の因子で決まる硬さ)を適度に硬くすることで、樹脂部分(X)の収縮応力が強くなり、凹部(g)が形成し易くなる。当該塗膜の硬さが硬いほど収縮応力が強くなり、凹部が発生しやすくなるが、硬すぎると塗布適性が低下する。また、樹脂の弾性を上げ過ぎると、塗膜から形成される樹脂層の粘着力が低下する傾向にある。その点を考慮して、樹脂の粘弾性を適度に調整することが好ましい。
また、組成物や塗膜中に微粒子を含む場合、微粒子の分散状態を適切化することで、微粒子による樹脂層の厚さの膨れ上がりの程度や、凹部(g)の自己形成力を調節し、結果的に表面(α)上に凹部(g)を形成し易く調整できるものと考えられる。
つまり、塗膜の架橋速度が速すぎる場合には、凹部(g)が形成される前に、塗膜が硬化してしまう恐れがある。また、塗膜の割れの大きさにも影響を及ぼす。
塗膜の架橋速度は、形成材料である組成物中の架橋剤の種類及び溶媒の種類や、塗膜の乾燥時間及び乾燥温度を適宜設定することで調整可能である。
樹脂層12の表面(α)上に存在する前記凹部(G)は、1個存在していてもよいし、複数個存在していてもよいが、本発明の粘着シートでは、当該凹部(G)は、複数個存在していることが好ましい。なお、表面(α)上に凹部(G)が1個存在する場合とは、表面(α)上の凹部(G)が全て連続した凹部(G)となっている場合を示す。
操作(ii):操作(i)で得た積層体の透光性被着体100側から、表面(α)12a上の任意に選択した領域内を、デジタル顕微鏡を用いて、図1のW方向から、透光性被着体100の平滑面100aと樹脂層の表面(α)12aとの界面を撮影して、選択した当該領域のデジタル画像を得る。
操作(iii):得られたデジタル画像を基に、画像解析ソフトを用いて、画像処理(2値化処理)を施し、2値化画像を得る。そして、当該2値化画像を基に、選択した当該領域の全面積中の透光性被着体の平滑面と接触している貼付部分の面積Sを求める。そして、計算式「[貼付部分の面積割合(%)]=S/選択した当該領域の全面積×100」に基づき、選択した当該領域における透光性被着体との貼付部分の面積割合を算出する。
なお、測定に使用する透光性被着体の種類や、操作(i)~(iii)の具体的な方法は、実施例に記載のとおりである。
以下、透光性被着体貼付前の本発明の粘着シートの構成の一例について説明する。
図2の(a)及び(b)に示すように、基材11又は剥離材14が設けられた側とは反対側の樹脂層12の表面(α)12a上には、凹部(g)13’を有する。表面(α)12a上に存在する凹部(g)13’は、本発明の粘着シートを被着体に貼付する際に生じる「空気溜まり」を外部へ逃すための空気排出通路としての役割を担うものである。なお、図1及び図2に示された樹脂層中には、本発明の粘着シートの好ましい態様を示しており、樹脂層12中には、樹脂部分(X)と、微粒子からなる粒子部分(Y)を含む構成を示している。
そのため、本発明の一態様の粘着シートとしては、取扱性の観点から、図2に示す粘着シート1a又は1bに対して、樹脂層12の表面(α)12a上にさらに剥離材14aを設けた構成を有することが好ましい。
なお、本発明の一態様の粘着シートにおいて、基材11又は剥離材14が設けられた側の樹脂層12の表面(β)12b(以下、単に「表面(β)」ともいう)も粘着性を有していてもよい。表面(β)も粘着性を有することで、図2(a)に示す粘着シート1aであれば、樹脂層12と基材11との密着性が良好となり、図2(b)に示す粘着シート1bであれば、両面粘着シートとすることができる。
図5は、本発明の粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)に平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付する前の表面(α)側の形状の一例を示す、該樹脂層の断面模式図である。
図5(a)に示された凹部(g)13’のように、通常の凹部(g)の形状としては、2つの山部分(M1)、(M2)と、谷部分(N)とを有する。本発明において凹部(g)の「高低差」とは、樹脂層12の厚さ方向に対して、2つの山部分(M1)、(M2)のうち最も高い位置(m)(図5(a)では山部分(M1)の極大点)と、最も低い位置(n)(図5(a)では谷部分(N)の極小点)との差(h)の長さを意味する。
また、図5(b)のような場合は、2つの山部分(M11)、(M12)と、谷部分(N1)とを有する凹部(g)131と、2つの山部分(M12)、(M13)と、谷部分(N2)とを有する凹部(g)132との2つの凹部(g)を有していると考えられる。この場合、山部分(M11)の極大点と谷部分(N1)の極小点との差(h1)の長さが凹部(g)131の高低差を表し、山部分(M13)の極大点と谷部分(N2)の極小点との差(h2)の長さが凹部(g)132の高低差を表す。
なお、本発明において、当該凹部(g)の幅とは、2つの山部分の極大点間の距離を意味し、図5(a)に示された凹部(g)13’においては、山部分(M1)と山部分(M2)との距離Lを指す。また、図5(b)に示された凹部(g)131においては、山部分(M11)と山部分(M12)との距離L1を指し、凹部132においては、山部分(M13)と山部分(M12)との距離L2を指す。
また、本発明の粘着シートを平面視した際に(真上から見た際に)、凹部(g)が長辺と短辺を有する場合は、短辺を幅という。
さらに、エア抜け性、外観、粘着特性、及び抜き加工性等の特性をバランス良く向上させた粘着シートとする観点から、表面(α)における透光性被着体の平滑面との前記貼付部分の形状が、不定形な形状であることが好ましい。
また、「不定形な形状」とは、前記凹部(G)の不定形との規定と同一の規定が適用される。
〔基材〕
本発明の一態様で用いる基材としては、特に制限はなく、例えば、紙基材、樹脂フィルム又はシート、紙基材を樹脂でラミネートした基材等が挙げられ、本発明の一態様の粘着シートの用途に応じて適宜選択することができる。
紙基材を構成する紙としては、例えば、薄葉紙、中質紙、上質紙、含浸紙、コート紙、アート紙、硫酸紙、グラシン紙等が挙げられる。
樹脂フィルム又はシートを構成する樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン樹脂;ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリビニルアルコール、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体等のビニル系樹脂;ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート等のポリエステル系樹脂;ポリスチレン;アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン共重合体;三酢酸セルロース;ポリカーボネート;ポリウレタン、アクリル変性ポリウレタン等のウレタン樹脂;ポリメチルペンテン;ポリスルホン;ポリエーテルエーテルケトン;ポリエーテルスルホン;ポリフェニレンスルフィド;ポリエーテルイミド、ポリイミド等のポリイミド系樹脂;ポリアミド系樹脂;アクリル樹脂;フッ素系樹脂等が挙げられる。
紙基材を樹脂でラミネートした基材としては、上記の紙基材を、ポリエチレン等の熱可塑性樹脂でラミネートしたラミネート紙等が挙げられる。
また、本発明の粘着シートを耐熱性が要求される用途に使用する場合には、ポリエチレンナフタレート及びポリイミド系樹脂から選ばれる樹脂から構成されるフィルム又はシートが好ましく、耐候性が要求される用途に使用する場合には、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、アクリル樹脂、及びフッ素樹脂から選ばれる樹脂から構成されるフィルム又はシートが好ましい。
なお、基材には、さらに紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、酸化防止剤、帯電防止剤、スリップ剤、アンチブロッキング剤、着色剤等の各種添加剤を含有していてもよい。
当該金属層の形成する金属としては、例えば、アルミニウム、スズ、クロム、チタン等の金属光沢を有する金属が挙げられる。
当該金属層の形成方法としては、例えば、上記金属を真空蒸着、スパッタリング、イオンプレーティング等のPVD法により蒸着する方法、又は、上記金属からなる金属箔を一般的な粘着剤を用いて貼付する方法等が挙げられ、上記金属をPVD法により蒸着する方法が好ましい。
酸化法としては、例えば、コロナ放電処理、プラズマ放電処理、クロム酸処理(湿式)、熱風処理、オゾン、及び紫外線照射処理等が挙げられ、凹凸化法としては、例えば、サンドブラスト法、溶剤処理法等が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様で用いる剥離材としては、両面剥離処理をされた剥離シートや、片面剥離処理された剥離シート等が用いられ、剥離材用の基材上に剥離剤を塗布したもの等が挙げられる。なお、当該剥離処理面は、凹凸形状が形成されておらず、平坦である剥離材(例えば、エンボスパターンが施されていない剥離材)が好ましい。
剥離材用の基材としては、例えば、本発明の一態様の粘着シートが有する基材として用いられる上述の紙基材、樹脂フィルム又はシート、紙基材を樹脂でラミネートした基材等が挙げられる。
剥離剤としては、例えば、シリコーン系樹脂、オレフィン系樹脂、イソプレン系樹脂、ブタジエン系樹脂等のゴム系エラストマー、長鎖アルキル系樹脂、アルキド系樹脂、フッ素系樹脂等が挙げられる。
剥離材の厚さは、特に制限ないが、好ましくは10~200μm、より好ましくは25~170μm、更に好ましくは35~80μmである。
本発明の粘着シートが有する樹脂層は、好ましくは、主成分として樹脂を含む樹脂部分(X)と、微粒子からなる粒子部分(Y)とを含む。
また、本発明の粘着シートは、少なくとも基材又は剥離材が設けられた側とは反対側の当該樹脂層の表面(α)が粘着性を有しているが、基材又は剥離材が設けられた側の当該樹脂層の表面(β)も粘着性を有していてもよい。
なお、この空隙部分(Z)は、前記微粒子同士の間に存在する空隙や、前記微粒子が二次粒子である場合、当該二次粒子内に存在する空隙等も含まれる。
当該樹脂層が多層構造を有する場合、樹脂層の形成過程や形成直後において、空隙部分(Z)が存在していたとしても、空隙部分(Z)に樹脂部分(X)が流入して、空隙が消失し、空隙部分(Z)が無い樹脂層となることもある。
しかしながら、このように樹脂層中に一時期存在していた空隙部分(Z)が消失した場合であっても、本発明の一態様である粘着シートが有する樹脂層は、表面(α)上に凹部を有するため、エア抜け性及び耐ブリスター性に優れたものとなり得る。
なお、本発明において、樹脂層の100℃における剪断貯蔵弾性率は、粘弾性測定装置(例えば、Rheometrics社製、装置名「DYNAMIC ANALYZER RDA II」)を用いて、周波数1Hzで測定することにより測定した値を意味する。
なお、粘着シートの当該粘着力の値は、実施例に記載の方法により測定された値を意味する。以下に、本発明の粘着シートが有する樹脂層が、主成分として樹脂を含む樹脂部分(X)と、微粒子からなる粒子部分(Y)とを含む、好ましい態様について説明する。
樹脂層を構成する樹脂部分(X)は、主成分として樹脂を含む。
なお、本発明において、樹脂部分(X)は、樹脂層中に含まれる微粒子以外の成分を含む部分であって、その点で粒子部分(Y)とは区別される。
樹脂部分(X)は、樹脂を主成分とし、樹脂以外にも、架橋剤や汎用添加剤が含まれていてもよい。
なお、本発明において、樹脂部分(X)の形成材料となる樹脂組成物中の樹脂の含有量の値を、上記「樹脂部分(X)中の樹脂の含有量」とみなす。
特に、図2(a)の粘着シート1a等のように、樹脂層が、基材又は剥離材側から、層(Xβ)、層(Y1)、及び層(Xα)をこの順で積層した多層構造を有する場合には、上記観点から、少なくとも層(Xα)は、粘着性樹脂を含むことが好ましい。
これらの粘着性樹脂の中でも、粘着特性及び耐候性が良好であり、形成される樹脂層の表面(α)に、上述の凹部(G)及び凹部(g)を形成しやすくする観点から、アクリル系樹脂を含むことが好ましい。
アクリル系樹脂の含有量は、樹脂部分(X)に含まれる前記樹脂の総量(100質量%)に対して、好ましくは25~100質量%、より好ましくは50~100質量%、更に好ましくは70~100質量%、更に好ましくは80~100質量%、より更に好ましくは100質量%である。
特に、図1(a)の粘着シート1a等のように、樹脂層が、基材又は剥離材側から、層(Xβ)、層(Y1)、及び層(Xα)をこの順で積層した多層構造を有する場合には、上記観点から、少なくとも層(Y1)は、官能基を有する樹脂を含むことが好ましい。
当該官能基は、架橋剤との架橋起点となる基であって、例えば、ヒドロキシ基、カルボキシ基、エポキシ基、アミノ基、シアノ基、ケト基、アルコキシシリル基等が挙げられるが、カルボキシ基が好ましい。
当該架橋剤としては、例えば、イソシアネート系架橋剤、エポキシ系架橋剤、アジリジン系架橋剤、金属キレート系架橋剤等が挙げられる。
アルミニウムキレート系架橋剤としては、例えば、ジイソプロポキシアルミニウムモノオレイルアセトアセテート、モノイソプロポキシアルミニウムビスオレイルアセトアセテート、モノイソプロポキシアルミニウムモノオレエートモノエチルアセトアセテート、ジイソプロポキシアルミニウムモノラウリルアセトアセテート、ジイソプロポキシアルミニウムモノステアリルアセトアセテート、ジイソプロポキシアルミニウムモノイソステアリルアセトアセテート等が挙げられる。
これらの中でも、形成される樹脂層の表面(α)に、上述の凹部(G)及び凹部(g)を形成しやすくする観点から、樹脂部分(X)が、金属キレート系架橋剤、エポキシ系架橋剤、及びアジリジン系架橋剤から選ばれる1種以上を含むことが好ましく、金属キレート系架橋剤を含むことがより好ましく、アルミニウムキレート系架橋剤を含むことが更に好ましい。
樹脂部分(X)が金属キレート系架橋剤及びエポキシ系架橋剤を共に含む場合、上記観点から、樹脂部分(X)中の金属キレート系架橋剤とエポキシ系架橋剤との含有比[金属キレート系架橋剤/エポキシ系架橋剤]としては、質量比で好ましくは10/90~99.5/0.5、より好ましくは50/50~99.0/1.0、更に好ましくは65/35~98.5/1.5、より更に好ましくは75/25~98.0/2.0である。
汎用添加剤としては、例えば、粘着付与剤、酸化防止剤、軟化剤(可塑剤)、防錆剤、顔料、染料、遅延剤、反応促進剤、紫外線吸収剤等が挙げられる。
なお、これらの汎用添加剤は、それぞれ単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
これらの汎用添加剤を含有する場合、それぞれの汎用添加剤の含有量は、樹脂100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.0001~60質量部、より好ましくは0.001~50質量部である。
本発明の粘着シートが有する樹脂層の樹脂部分(X)の形成材料としては、官能基を有する粘着性樹脂を含む粘着剤であることが好ましく、官能基を有するアクリル系樹脂(A)(以下、単に「アクリル系樹脂(A)」ともいう)を含むアクリル系粘着剤であることがより好ましく、官能基を有するアクリル系樹脂(A)及び架橋剤(B)を含むアクリル系粘着剤であることが更に好ましい。
当該アクリル系粘着剤は、溶媒型、エマルション型のいずれであってもよい。
以下、樹脂部分(X)を形成材料として好適な、上記のアクリル系粘着剤について説明する。
アクリル系樹脂(A)の質量平均分子量(Mw)としては、好ましくは5万~150万、より好ましくは15万~130万、更に好ましくは25万~110万、より更に好ましくは35万~90万である。
アクリル系共重合体(A1)の含有量は、アクリル系粘着剤中のアクリル系樹脂(A)の全量(100質量%)に対して、好ましくは50~100質量%、より好ましくは70~100質量%、更に好ましくは80~100質量%、より更に好ましくは90~100質量%である。
なお、アクリル系共重合体(A1)の共重合の形態は、特に限定されず、ブロック共重合体、ランダム共重合体、グラフト共重合体のいずれであってもよい。
モノマー(a1’)としては、例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
これらの中でも、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートが好ましく、ブチル(メタ)アクリレートがより好ましい。
これらの中でも、カルボキシ基含有モノマーがより好ましい。
カルボキシ基含有モノマーとしては、(メタ)アクリル酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸等が挙げられ、(メタ)アクリル酸が好ましい。
その他のモノマー(a3’)としては、例えば、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンテニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンテニルオキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、イミド(メタ)アクリレート等の環状構造を有する(メタ)アクリレート、酢酸ビニル、アクリロニトリル、スチレン等が挙げられる。
なお、上述のモノマー(a1’)~(a3’)は、単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。
また、樹脂層の表面(α)上に、上述の凹部(G)及び凹部(g)の形状維持性を良好とする観点から、架橋剤(B)としては、金属キレート系架橋剤及びエポキシ系架橋剤を共に含むことが好ましい。
アクリル系粘着剤中のアクリル系樹脂(A)の含有量は、アクリル系粘着剤に含まれる粘着性樹脂の総量(100質量%)に対して、好ましくは50~100質量%、より好ましくは70~100質量%、更に好ましくは80~100質量%、より更に好ましくは100質量%である。
樹脂層を構成する粒子部分(Y)は微粒子からなる。
微粒子の平均粒径としては、粘着シートのエア抜け性及び耐ブリスター性の向上の観点、並びに、形成される樹脂層の表面(α)に、上述の凹部(G)及び凹部(g)を形成しやすくする観点から、好ましくは0.01~100μm、より好ましくは0.05~25μm、更に好ましくは0.1~10μmである。
これらの微粒子の中でも、シリカ粒子、酸化金属粒子、及びスメクタイトから選ばれる1種以上が好ましく、シリカ粒子がより好ましい。
また、本発明の一態様で用いるシリカ粒子は、反応性官能基を有する有機化合物等で表面修飾された有機修飾シリカ、アルミン酸ナトリウムや水酸化ナトリウム等の無機化合物で表面処理された無機修飾シリカ、並びに、これらの有機化合物及び無機化合物で表面処理された有機無機修飾シリカ、シランカップリング剤等の有機無機ハイブリッド材料で表面処理された有機無機修飾シリカ等であってもよい。
なお、これらのシリカ粒子は、2種以上からなる混合物であってもよい。
また、本発明の一態様で用いるシリカ粒子の体積平均二次粒子径は、粘着シートのエア抜け性及び耐ブリスター性の向上の観点、並びに、形成される樹脂層の表面(α)に、上述の要件(I)~(III)を満たす複数の凹部を形成しやすくする観点から、好ましくは0.5~10μm、より好ましくは1~8μm、更に好ましくは1.5~5μmである。
なお、本発明において、シリカ粒子の体積平均二次粒子径の値は、マルチサイザー・スリー機等を用いて、コールターカウンター法による粒度分布の測定を行うことにより求めた値である。
当該質量保持率は、樹脂層中に含まれる微粒子の含有量(質量%)を示すとみなすことができる。
当該質量保持率が3質量%以上であれば、エア抜け性及び耐ブリスター性に優れた粘着シートとなり得る。また、本発明の粘着シートの製造時において、形成される樹脂層の表面(α)に、上述の凹部(G)及び凹部(g)が形成されやすくなる。一方、当該質量保持率が90質量%以下であれば、樹脂層の膜強度が高く、耐水性や耐薬品性が優れた粘着シートとなり得る。
次に、本発明の粘着シートの製造方法について説明する。
本発明の粘着シートの製造方法としては、特に制限はないが、生産性の観点、並びに、形成される樹脂層の表面(α)に、上述の凹部(G)及び凹部(g)を形成しやすくする観点から、少なくとも下記工程(1)及び(2)を有する方法が好ましい。
工程(1):主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(x)からなる塗膜(x’)、及び前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)を形成する工程
工程(2):工程(1)で形成した塗膜(x’)及び塗膜(y’)を同時に乾燥させる工程
工程(1)は、主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(x)からなる塗膜(x’)、及び前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)を形成する工程である。
組成物(x)は、樹脂部分(X)の形成材料であり、上述の樹脂と共に、架橋剤を含有することが好ましく、さらに上述の汎用添加剤を含有してもよい。
また、組成物(y)は、粒子部分(Y)の形成材料であるが、さらに樹脂や架橋剤、上述の汎用添加剤を含まれていてもよい。これらが含まれている場合には、組成物(y)は、樹脂部分(X)の形成材料ともなる。
組成物(x)中に含有する樹脂としては、上述の樹脂部分(X)を構成する樹脂が挙げられ、粘着性樹脂、官能基を有する樹脂が好ましく、上述の官能基を有するアクリル系樹脂(A)がより好ましく、上述のアクリル系共重合体(A1)が好ましい。
組成物(x)中の樹脂の含有量は、組成物(x)の全量(100質量%(ただし、希釈溶媒を除く))に対して、通常40質量%以上、好ましくは50質量%以上、より好ましくは65質量%以上、より好ましくは75質量%以上、更に好ましくは85質量%以上、より更に好ましくは90質量%以上であり、また、好ましくは100質量%以下、より好ましくは95質量%以下である。
また、形成される樹脂層の表面(α)上に、上述の凹部(g)の形状維持性を良好とする観点から、樹脂部分(X)が、金属キレート系架橋剤及びエポキシ系架橋剤を共に含むことが好ましい。
組成物(x)が金属キレート系架橋剤及びエポキシ系架橋剤を共に含む場合、組成物(x)中の金属キレート系架橋剤とエポキシ系架橋剤との含有比[金属キレート系架橋剤/エポキシ系架橋剤]としては、質量比で、好ましくは10/90~99.5/0.5、より好ましくは50/50~99.0/1.0、更に好ましくは65/35~98.5/1.5、より更に好ましくは75/25~98.0/2.0である。
なお、上記アクリル系粘着剤の詳細は、上述のとおりである。
具体的な微粒子の含有量としては、組成物(x)の全量(100質量%(ただし、希釈溶媒を除く))に対して、15質量%未満であるが、好ましくは0~13質量%、より好ましくは0~10質量%、更に好ましくは0~5質量%、より更に好ましくは0質量%である。
組成物(y)は、粒子部分(Y)の形成材料であり、少なくとも上述の微粒子を15質量%以上含むが、微粒子の分散性の観点から、微粒子と共に、樹脂を含有することが好ましく、さらに当該樹脂と共に架橋剤を含有することがより好ましい。また、組成物(y)は、汎用添加剤を含んでもよい。
なお、これらの樹脂、架橋剤、及び汎用添加剤は、樹脂部分(X)の形成材料となる。
組成物(y)中の微粒子の含有量は、樹脂層の表面(α)上に、樹脂層の自己形成化によって形成される不定形の凹部(g)を形成しやすくする観点から、組成物(y)の全量(100質量%(ただし、希釈溶媒を除く))に対して、15質量%以上であるが、好ましくは20~100質量%、より好ましくは25~90質量%、更に好ましくは30~85質量%、より更に好ましくは35~80質量%である。
また、組成物(y)中に含まれるより具体的な樹脂としては、官能基を有する樹脂が好ましく、上述の官能基を有するアクリル系樹脂(A)がより好ましく、上述のアクリル系共重合体(A1)が更に好ましい。
なお、組成物(y)が金属キレート系架橋剤及びエポキシ系架橋剤を共に含む場合、組成物(y)中の金属キレート系架橋剤とエポキシ系架橋剤との好適な含有比の範囲は、上述の組成物(x)と同じである。
架橋剤の含有量は、組成物(y)中に含有する樹脂100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.01~15質量部、より好ましくは0.1~10質量部、更に好ましくは0.3~7.0質量部である。
なお、塗膜を形成する際に、塗膜を形成しやすくするため、組成物(x)及び(y)に、溶媒を配合し、組成物の溶液の形態とすることが好ましい。
このような溶媒としては、水や有機溶媒等が挙げられる。
当該有機溶媒としては、例えば、トルエン、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、t-ブタノール、s-ブタノール、アセチルアセトン、シクロヘキサノン、n-ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等が挙げられる。なお、これらの溶媒は、単独で又は2種以上を併用してもよい。
塗膜(x’)及び(y’)の形成方法としては、塗膜(y’)を形成した後、塗膜(y’)上に、塗膜(x’)を逐次形成する方法でもよく、また、生産性の観点から、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(x’)を多層コーターで同時塗布し形成する方法でもよい。
逐次形成する際に用いるコーターとしては、例えば、スピンコーター、スプレーコーター、バーコーター、ナイフコーター、ロールコーター、ナイフロールコーター、ブレードコーター、グラビアコーター、カーテンコーター、ダイコーター等が挙げられる。
多層コーターで同時塗布する際に用いるコーターとしては、例えば、カーテンコーター、ダイコーター等が挙げられるが、これらの中でも、操作性の観点から、ダイコーターが好ましい。
本工程(1)における、当該プレ乾燥処理を行う際の乾燥温度としては、通常は、形成した塗膜の硬化が進行しない程度の温度範囲に適宜設定されるが、好ましくは工程(2)での乾燥温度未満である。「工程(2)での乾燥温度未満」との規定が示す具体的な乾燥温度としては、好ましくは10~45℃、より好ましくは10~34℃、更に好ましくは15~30℃である。
工程(2)は、工程(1)で形成した塗膜(x’)及び塗膜(y’)を同時に乾燥させる工程である。
本工程にて、形成した塗膜(x’)及び塗膜(y’)を同時に乾燥させることで、樹脂部分(X)と粒子部分(Y)とを含む樹脂層が形成されると共に、当該樹脂層の表面(α)には、上述の凹部(g)が形成される。
当該乾燥温度が35℃以上であれば、エア抜け性が良好な粘着シートを得ることができる。一方、当該乾燥温度が200℃以下であれば、粘着シートが有する基材や剥離材が収縮するといった不具合を抑えることができる。
なお、当該乾燥温度が低いほど、形成される上述の凹部(g)の高低差が大きくなるが、形成される凹部(g)の数が減少する傾向がある。
空隙部分(Z)は、上述の組成物(y)中に含有する微粒子として、シリカ粒子、酸化金属粒子、及びスメクタイトから選ばれる1種以上を用いることで、容易に形成することができる。
なお、以下の第1及び第2の態様の製造方法の記載において、「主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xβ)又は(xα)」は、上述の組成物(x)と同じであり、組成物(xβ)又は(xα)中に含まれる各成分の詳細(成分の種類、好適な成分、成分の含有量等)も同じである。また、「微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)」も、上述のとおりである。
第1の態様の製造方法としては、少なくとも下記工程(1A)及び(2A)を有する。
工程(1A):基材又は剥離材上に、主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xβ)からなる塗膜(xβ’)、前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)、及び主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)からなる塗膜(xα’)をこの順で積層して形成する工程
工程(2A):工程(1A)で形成した塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)、及び塗膜(xα’)を同時に乾燥させる工程
塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)、及び塗膜(xα’)の形成方法としては、基材又は剥離材上に、塗膜(xβ’)を形成した後、塗膜(xβ’)上に塗膜(y’)を形成し、さらに塗膜(y’)上に塗膜(xα’)を形成するというように、上述のコーターを用いて逐次形成する方法でもよく、塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を、上述の多層コーターを用いて同時塗布し形成する方法でもよい。
例えば、塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)、及び塗膜(xα’)のそれぞれの塗膜の形成後に、その都度上記のプレ乾燥処理を行ってもよく、塗膜(xβ’)及び塗膜(y’)の形成後に、まとめて上記のプレ乾燥処理を行った後、塗膜(xα’)を形成してもよい。
本工程(1A)における、当該プレ乾燥処理を行う際の乾燥温度としては、通常は、形成した塗膜の硬化が進行しない程度の温度範囲で適宜設定されるが、好ましくは工程(2A)での乾燥温度未満である。「工程(2A)での乾燥温度未満」との規定が示す具体的な乾燥温度としては、好ましくは10~45℃、より好ましくは10~34℃、更に好ましくは15~30℃である。
第1の態様の製造方法としては、少なくとも下記工程(1B)及び(2B)を有する。
工程(1B):基材又は剥離材上に設けられた、主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xβ)上に、前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)、及び主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)からなる塗膜(xα’)をこの順で積層して形成する工程
工程(2B):工程(1B)で形成した塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を同時に乾燥させる工程
層(Xβ)が組成物(xβ)から形成されるため、層(Xβ)には、樹脂以外にも、架橋剤や汎用添加剤等が含有していてもよい。層(Xβ)中の樹脂部分(X)の含有量としては、上述のとおりである。
このときの乾燥温度としては、特に制限はなく、好ましくは35~200℃、より好ましくは60~180℃、更に好ましくは70~160℃、より更に好ましくは80~140℃である。
工程(1B)においても、組成物(y)及び組成物(xα)には、上述の溶媒を配合し、組成物の溶液の形態とした後、塗布することが好ましい。
塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)の形成方法としては、層(Xβ)上に、塗膜(y’)を形成した後、塗膜(y’)上に塗膜(xα’)を形成するというように、上述のコーターを用いて逐次形成する方法でもよく、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を、上述の多層コーターを用いて同時塗布し形成する方法でもよい。
本工程(1B)における、当該プレ乾燥処理を行う際の乾燥温度としては、通常は、形成した塗膜の硬化が進行しない程度の温度範囲に適宜設定されるが、好ましくは工程(2B)での乾燥温度未満である。「工程(2B)での乾燥温度未満」との規定が示す具体的な乾燥温度としては、好ましくは10~45℃、より好ましくは10~34℃、更に好ましくは15~30℃である。
ゲル浸透クロマトグラフ装置(東ソー株式会社製、製品名「HLC-8020」)を用いて、下記の条件下で測定し、標準ポリスチレン換算にて測定した値を用いた。
(測定条件)
・カラム:「TSK guard column HXL-L」「TSK gel G2500HXL」「TSK gel G2000HXL」「TSK gel G1000HXL」(いずれも東ソー株式会社製)を順次連結したもの
・カラム温度:40℃
・展開溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン
・流速:1.0mL/min
シリカ粒子の体積平均二次粒子径は、マルチサイザー・スリー機(ベックマン・コールター社製)を用いて、コールターカウンター法による粒度分布の測定を行うことにより求めた。
樹脂層の厚みは、走査型電子顕微鏡(株式会社日立製作所製、製品名「S-4700」)を用いて、対象となる粘着シートの樹脂層の断面を観察し、測定した。
(樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)~(x-6)の調製)
表1に記載の種類及び固形分量のアクリル系樹脂の溶液100質量部に対して、表1に記載の種類及び配合量の架橋剤及び希釈溶媒を添加し、表1に記載の固形分濃度の樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)~(x-6)をそれぞれ調製した。
<アクリル系樹脂の溶液>
・溶液(i):アクリル系樹脂(x-i)(ブチルアクリレート(BA)及びアクリル酸(AA)に由来する構成単位を有するアクリル系共重合体、BA/AA=90/10(質量%)、Mw:47万)を含有する固形分濃度33.6質量%のトルエンと酢酸エチルとの混合溶液。
・溶液(ii):アクリル系樹脂(x-ii)(ブチルアクリレート(BA)、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート(2EHA)、酢酸ビニル(VAc)、及びアクリル酸(AA)に由来する構成単位を有するアクリル系共重合体、BA/2EHA/VAc/AA=46/37/10/7(質量%)、Mw:37万)を含有する固形分濃度43.0質量%のトルエンと酢酸エチルとの混合溶液。
<架橋剤>
・アルミニウムキレート系架橋剤:製品名「M-5A」、総研化学株式会社製、固形分濃度=4.95質量%。
・エポキシ系架橋剤:「TETRAD-C」(製品名、三菱ガス化学株式会社製)をトルエンで希釈し、固形分濃度5質量%としたエポキシ系架橋剤の溶液。
・イソシアネート系架橋剤:製品名「コロネートL」、東ソー株式会社製、固形分濃度=75質量%。
・アジリジン系架橋剤:製品名「BXX5134」、トーヨーケム株式会社製、固形分濃度=5質量%。
<希釈溶媒>
・IPA:イソプロピルアルコール。
・AcOEt:酢酸エチル。
(微粒子分散液(y-0)の調製)
アクリル系樹脂(x-i)を含む溶液(i)(ブチルアクリレート(BA)及びアクリル酸(AA)に由来する構成単位を有するアクリル系共重合体(BA/AA=90/10(質量%)、Mw:47万)を含有する固形分濃度33.6質量%のトルエンと酢酸エチルとの混合溶液)100質量部(固形分:33.6質量部)に対して、微粒子として、シリカ粒子(製品名「ニップシール E-200A」、東ソー・シリカ株式会社製、体積平均二次粒子径:3μm)を50.4質量部(固形分:50.4質量部)及びトルエンを添加して、微粒子を分散させて、アクリル系樹脂及びシリカ粒子を含む固形分濃度30質量%の微粒子分散液(y-0)を調製した。
(塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-1)~(y-8)の調製)
表2に記載の配合量の製造例y-0で調製した微粒子分散液(y-0)に対して、表2に記載の種類及び配合量のアクリル系樹脂の溶液、架橋剤、及び希釈溶媒を添加して、表2に記載の固形分濃度の塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-1)~(y-8)をそれぞれ調製した。
<アクリル系樹脂の溶液>
・溶液(i):アクリル系樹脂(x-i)(詳細は上記のとおりである)。
<架橋剤>
・アルミニウムキレート系架橋剤:製品名「M-5A」、総研化学株式会社製、固形分濃度=4.95質量%。
・エポキシ系架橋剤:「TETRAD-C」(製品名、三菱ガス化学株式会社製)をトルエンで希釈し、固形分濃度5質量%としたエポキシ系架橋剤の溶液。
<希釈溶媒>
・IPA:イソプロピルアルコール。
・IPA/CHN:イソプロピルアルコール(IPA)及びシクロヘキサノン(CHN)からなる混合溶媒(IPA/CHN=60/40(質量比))。
(1)塗膜の形成
片面にアルミ蒸着層を設けたポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「FNSケシN50」、厚み50μm)を基材として用いた。
当該PETフィルムのアルミ蒸着層上に、アプリケーターを用いて、製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)を、塗布後の塗膜の厚み(非乾燥状態の塗膜の厚み)が表3に示す厚さとなるように塗布して、塗膜(xβ’)を形成した。
次に、形成した塗膜(xβ’)上に、アプリケーターを用いて、表3に示す種類の塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-1)~(y-4)のいずれかを、重ね塗りした後の塗膜(xβ’)と塗膜(y’)との2層合計の厚み(非乾燥状態の2層合計の厚み)が表3に示す厚さとなるように塗布して、塗膜(y’)を形成した。
そして、形成した塗膜(y’)上に、アプリケーターを用いて、製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)を、重ね塗りした後の塗膜(xβ’)と塗膜(y’)と塗膜(xα’)との3層合計の厚み(非乾燥状態の3層合計の厚み)が表3に示す厚さとなるように塗布して、塗膜(xα’)を形成した。
(2)乾燥処理
その後、3層の塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を、乾燥温度100℃にて2分間、同時に乾燥させて、樹脂部分(X)と粒子部分(Y)とを含む、表3に示す厚さの樹脂層を有する粘着シートを作製した。
片面にアルミ蒸着層を設けたPETフィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「FNSケシN50」、厚み50μm)を基材として用いた。
当該PETフィルムのアルミ蒸着層上に、ナイフコーターを用いて、製造例x-2で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-2)を、塗布後の塗膜の厚み(非乾燥状態の塗膜の厚み)が25μmとなるように塗布して、塗膜(xβ’)を形成した。そして、乾燥温度100℃にて2分間、乾燥させて、樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xβ)を形成した。さらに、形成した層(Xβ)の表面と、剥離フィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「SP-PET381031」、片面にシリコーン系剥離剤層を設けたPETフィルム、厚み38μm)の剥離剤層の表面とを貼合するようにラミネートし、層(Xβ)を有する積層体を一旦作製した。
次いで、上記の積層体の剥離フィルムを剥離して表出した層(Xβ)の表面上に、製造例Y-1で調製した塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-1)、及び製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)を多層ダイコーター(幅:500mm)で同時に塗布し、層(Xβ)上に、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)をこの順で同時に形成した。なお、多層ダイコーターの設定にて、塗膜(y’)の厚みを55μm、塗膜(xα’)の厚みを65μmと設定し、各塗膜を形成した。
そして、2層の塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を、乾燥温度100℃にて2分間、同時に乾燥させて、樹脂部分(X)と粒子部分(Y)とを含む、表3に示す厚さの樹脂層を有する粘着シートを作製した。
実施例1において、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を形成せず、基材として用いるPETフィルムのアルミ蒸着層上に、ナイフコーターを用いて、製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)を乾燥後の膜厚が25μmとなるように塗布して、塗膜(xβ’)を形成した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、樹脂部分(X)のみからなる厚さ25μmの樹脂層を有する粘着シートを作製した。
片面にアルミ蒸着層を設けたPETフィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「FNSケシN50」、厚み50μm)を基材として用いた。
当該PETフィルムのアルミ蒸着層上に、アプリケーターを用いて、製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)を塗布して塗膜(xβ’)を形成した後、100℃で2分間乾燥し、樹脂部分(X)を含む、厚さ5μmの層(Xβ)を形成した。
上記とは別に、剥離フィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「SP-PET381031」、片面にシリコーン系剥離剤層を設けたPETフィルム、厚み38μm)の剥離剤層上に、アプリケーターを用いて、製造例y-1で調製した塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-1)を塗布して塗膜(y’)を形成した後、100℃で2分間乾燥し、樹脂部分(X)及び粒子部分(Y)を含む、厚さ15μmの層(Y1)を形成した。
さらに上記とは別に、上記と同じ種類の剥離フィルムの剥離剤層上に、アプリケーターを用いて、製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)を塗布して塗膜(xα’)を形成した後、100℃で2分間乾燥し、樹脂部分(X)を含む、厚さ5μmの層(Xα)を形成した。
そして、基材であるPETフィルム上に形成した層(Xβ)の表面と、上記のとおり形成した層(Y1)の表出している表面とを貼合するようにラミネートした。さらに、層(Y1)上の剥離フィルムを除去して表出した層(Y1)の表面と、上記のとおり形成した層(Xα)の表出している表面とを貼合するようにラミネートした。
このようにして、基材上に、層(Xβ)、層(Y1)、及び層(Xα)をこの順で積層してなり、樹脂部分(X)と粒子部分(Y)とを含む、厚さ25μmの樹脂層を有する粘着シートを作製した。
片面にアルミ蒸着層を設けたPETフィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「FNSケシN50」、厚み50μm)を基材として用いた。
当該PETフィルムのアルミ蒸着層上に、表4に示す流量及び塗布速度で、製造例x-1~6で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)~(x-6)のいずれか、並びに、製造例y-1~8で調製した塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-1)~(y-8)のいずれかを用いて、多層ダイコーター(幅:250mm)によって同時に塗布し、基材側から塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)の順で同時に形成した。
なお、各塗膜の形成材料として使用した、樹脂組成物の溶液、及び塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液の種類は、表4に記載のとおりである。
そして、3層の塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を、乾燥温度100℃にて2分間、同時に乾燥させて、樹脂部分(X)と粒子部分(Y)とを含む、表4に示す厚さの樹脂層を有する粘着シートを作製した。
第1の剥離材である剥離フィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「SP-PET381031」、厚み38μm、PETフィルムの片面にシリコーン系剥離剤層を設けたもの)の剥離剤層上に、製造例x-3で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-3)と、製造例y-5で調製した塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-5)と、製造例X-3で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-3)とを、表4に示す流量及び塗布速度で、この順に多層ダイコーター(幅:250mm)を用いて同時に塗布し、剥離フィルム側から塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)の順で同時に形成した。
そして、3層の塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)、塗膜(xα’)を、乾燥温度100℃にて2分間、同時に乾燥させて、樹脂部分(X)と粒子部分(Y)とを含む、表4に示す厚さの樹脂層を形成した。そして、形成した樹脂層の表面(α)の上に、第2の剥離材である剥離フィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「SP-PET386040」)の剥離材層の表面とを貼合するようにラミネートし、基材無し粘着シートを作製した。
次いで、この基材無し粘着シートを23℃環境下で1週間静置した後、第1の剥離材を除去し、表出した樹脂層の表面(β)と、基材であるアルミ蒸着層を設けたPETフィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「FNSケシN50」、厚み50μm)のアルミ蒸着層の表面とを、貼合するようにラミネートし、基材付き粘着シートを作製した。
片面にアルミ蒸着層を設けたPETフィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「FNSケシN50」、厚み50μm)を基材として用いた。
当該PETフィルムのアルミ蒸着層上に、ナイフコーターを用いて、製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)を塗布して、塗膜(xβ’)を形成した。そして、乾燥温度100℃にて2分間、乾燥させて、樹脂部分(X)を含む、厚さ8μmの層(Xβ)を形成した。さらに、形成した層(Xβ)の表面と、剥離フィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「SP-PET381031」、片面にシリコーン系剥離剤層を設けたPETフィルム、厚み38μm)の剥離剤層の表面とを貼合するようにラミネートし、層(Xβ)を有する積層体を一旦作製した。
次いで、上記の積層体の剥離フィルムを剥離して表出した層(Xβ)の表面上に、製造例y-1で調製した塗膜(y’)形成用塗布液(y-1)と、製造例x-1で調製した樹脂組成物の溶液(x-1)とを、表4に示す流量及び塗布速度で、この順に多層ダイコーター(幅:500mm)で同時に塗布し、層(Xβ)側から、塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)の順で同時に積層した。
そして、2層の塗膜(y’)及び(xα’)を、乾燥温度100℃にて2分間、同時に乾燥させて、樹脂部分(X)と粒子部分(Y)とを含む、表4に示す厚さの樹脂層を有する粘着シートを作製した。
以下の操作(i)により、図1の構成を作成した。
操作(i):図1に示すように、透光性被着体100の平滑面100a上に、実施例及び比較例で作製した粘着シートが有する樹脂層12の表面(α)12aが接するように静置する。そして、粘着シートの基材11側に対して、2kgローラ(JIS Z 0237:2000 10.2.4で規定された圧着装置)にて5往復し、樹脂層12の表面(α)と透光性被着体100の平滑面100aとの貼付を行い、図1に示すような向きに設置した積層体を得た。
操作(ii):操作(i)で得た積層体の透光性被着体100側から樹脂層の表面(α)上の任意に選択された一辺4mmの正方形で囲まれた領域(R)を10領域選択し、表面(α)上の凹部(G)の平面形状(不定形であるか否か)、凹部の数(複数であるか否か)、凹部の不規則性、及び凹部の周期性について、本発明に規定した判断方法により、目視およびデジタル顕微鏡(キーエンス株式会社製、製品名「デジタルマイクロスコープVHX-5000」、倍率:50倍)を用いて得たデジタル画像により判断した。
上述の表面(α)における凹部(G)の形状の操作(i)で得た積層体の透光性被着体100の平滑面100aを貼付した粘着シートを用いて、以下の操作(ii)及び操作(iii)により、貼付部分の面積割合を算出した。
操作(ii):積層体の透光性被着体100側から、表面(α)12a上の任意に選択した一辺1mmの正方形で囲まれた領域(Q)を、デジタル顕微鏡(キーエンス株式会社製、製品名「デジタルマイクロスコープVHX-1000」)を用いて、図1のW方向から透光性被着体100の平滑面100aと樹脂層の表面(α)12aとの界面を撮影して、当該領域(Q)のデジタル画像を得る。
操作(iii):図4に示すように、得られたデジタル画像を基に、画像解析ソフト(Media Cybernetics社製、製品名「Image-Pro Plus」)を用いて、画像処理(2値化処理)を施し、2値化画像を得た。そして、当該2値化画像を基に、領域中の透光性被着体100の平滑面100aと接触している貼付部分101の面積Sを求める。そして、計算式「[貼付部分の面積割合(%)]=S/領域の面積×100」に基づき、選択した領域における透光性被着体との貼付部分の面積割合を算出する。
平滑面を有する透光性被着体を貼付する前の実施例及び比較例で作製した粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)について、複数の凹部(g)の高低差の値のうち、最も大きい値を「高低差の最大値」とし、走査型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製、製品名「S-4700」、倍率30倍)で観察し、測定した。
実施例17以外の実施例及び比較例においては、上述の基材の代わりに、剥離フィルム(リンテック株式会社製、製品名「SP-PET381031」、片面にシリコーン系剥離剤層を設けたPETフィルム、厚み38μm)の剥離剤層の表面上に、それぞれの実施例及び比較例の方法に従って樹脂層を形成した後、当該剥離フィルムを除去し、樹脂層の単体を得た。
また、実施例17については、途中で作製した基材無し粘着シートの2枚の剥離フィルムを除去し、樹脂層の単体を得た。
そして、加熱前の樹脂層の質量を測定した後、当該樹脂層をマッフル炉(株式会社デンケン製、製品名「KDF-P90」)内に投入し、800℃にて30分間加熱した。そして、加熱後の樹脂層の質量を測定し、下記式により、樹脂層の質量保持率を算出した。
樹脂層の質量保持率(%)=[(加熱後の樹脂層の質量)/(加熱前の樹脂層の質量)]×100
縦50mm×横50mmの大きさとした粘着シートを、空気溜まりが生じるように、被着体であるメラミン塗装板に貼付した。そして、スキージを用いて圧着した後の空気溜まりの有無を観察し、以下の基準により、各粘着シートのエア抜け性を評価した。
A:空気溜まりが消失しており、エア抜け性に優れる。
F:空気溜まりが残っており、エア抜け性が劣る。
縦50mm×横50mmの大きさとした粘着シートを、縦70mm×横150mm×厚さ2mmのポリメチルメタクリレート板(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、製品名「アクリライトL001」)に貼付し、スキージを用いて圧着し、試験サンプルを作製した。
この試験サンプルを、23℃で12時間静置した後、80℃の熱風乾燥機内に1.5時間静置し、さらに90℃の熱風乾燥機内に1.5時間静置して、加熱促進後のブリスターの発生状態を目視により観察し、以下の基準により、各粘着シートの耐ブリスター性を評価した。
A:ブリスターが全く確認されなかった。
B:部分的にブリスターが確認された。
C:全面にブリスターが確認された。
実施例及び比較例で作製した粘着シートを縦25mm×横300mmの大きさに切断した後、当該粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)上に、23℃、50%RH(相対湿度)の環境下で、ステンレス板(SUS304、360番研磨)に貼付し、同じ環境下で24時間静置した。静置後、JIS Z0237:2000に基づき、180°引き剥がし法により、引っ張り速度300mm/分にて、各粘着シートの粘着力を測定した。
図6及び7は、実施例1及び10で作成した粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)上に透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付する前の走査型電子顕微鏡で観察した際の画像であって、(a)は当該粘着シートの断面画像、(b)は当該粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)側から観察した際の斜視画像である。なお、図6(a)の画像中に記載の10目盛り分で20.0μmの長さを示し、図7(a)の画像中に記載の10目盛り分で200μmの長さを示す。そして、図6(b)及び図7(b)の画像中に記載の10目盛り分で1.00mmの長さを示す。
図6及び7で示されるとおり、実施例1及び10で作成した粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)には、凹部の形成が見られた。他の実施例で作成した粘着シートも、図6及び図7に示す画像と同様であった。
図8は、比較例1で作製した粘着シートを走査型電子顕微鏡で観察した際の画像であって、(a)は当該粘着シートの断面画像、(b)は当該粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)側から観察した際の斜視画像である。なお、図8(a)の画像中に記載の10目盛り分で20.0μmの長さを示し、図8(b)の画像中に記載の10目盛り分で1.00mmの長さを示す。
図8に示された画像のとおり、比較例1で作製した粘着シートの樹脂層の表面(α)には、凹部の形成が見られなかった。
2値化画像を取得するまでの操作は、「貼付部分の面積割合」の項目の操作(i)~(iii)と同じである。
なお、図9~11の画像中の外枠は一辺2mmの正方形を示す。また、図9~図11の2値化画像において、白の部分が貼付部分を示し、黒の部分が非貼付部分を示している。
比較例1の粘着シートにおいては、樹脂層の表面(α)上に凹部の形成が見られなかったため、表面(α)の全面が貼付部分となっているため、図11の2値化画像にようになっている。
11 基材
12 樹脂層
12a 表面(α)
12b 表面(β)
13 凹部(G)
13’ 凹部(g)
(X) 樹脂部分(X)
(Y) 粒子部分(Y)
(Xβ) 主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xβ)
(Xα) 主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xα)
(Y1) 粒子部分(Y)を含む層(Y1)
14、14a 剥離材
50 1辺1mmの正方形
100 透光性被着体
100a 平滑面
101 透光性被着体の平滑面との貼付部分
Claims (15)
- 基材又は剥離材上に樹脂層を有し、少なくとも該基材又は剥離材が設けられた側とは反対側の該樹脂層の表面(α)が、粘着性を有する粘着シートであって、
表面(α)上に平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付した際に、当該平滑面に接しない凹部(G)が表面(α)上に存在すると共に、
前記凹部(G)の形状が不定形である、粘着シート。 - 前記凹部(G)が、前記樹脂層の自己形成化によって形成されたものである、請求項1に記載の粘着シート。
- 前記平滑面に接する貼付面の面積割合が、10~95%である、請求項1又は2に記載の粘着シート。
- 前記凹部(G)の形状が不定形であることを目視により確認できる、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
- 前記凹部(G)が前記表面(α)上に複数存在する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
- 前記凹部(G)が前記表面(α)上に不規則に存在する、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
- 前記複数の凹部(G)の存在する位置が周期性を有さない、請求項5又は6に記載の粘着シート。
- 前記表面(α)上に平滑面を有する透光性被着体の当該平滑面を貼付した際に、当該平滑面に接する貼付面の形状が、不定形である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
- 前記樹脂層が、主成分として樹脂を含む樹脂部分(X)と、微粒子からなる粒子部分(Y)とを含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の粘着シート。
- 前記樹脂部分(X)が、エポキシ系架橋剤、アジリジン系架橋剤、及び金属キレート系架橋剤から選択される少なくとも1種の架橋剤を含む、請求項9に記載の粘着シート。
- 前記樹脂層が、基材又は剥離材が設けられた側から、主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xβ)、粒子部分(Y)を15質量%以上含む層(Y1)、及び主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xα)をこの順で積層した多層構造を有する、請求項9又は10に記載の粘着シート。
- 層(Xβ)が主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xβ)から形成された層であり、
層(Y1)が微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)から形成された層であり、
層(Xα)が、主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)から形成された層である、請求項11に記載の粘着シート。 - 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の粘着シートを製造する方法であって、少なくとも下記工程(1)及び(2)を有する、粘着シートの製造方法。
工程(1):主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(x)からなる塗膜(x’)、及び微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)を形成する工程
工程(2):工程(1)で形成した塗膜(x’)及び塗膜(y’)を同時に乾燥させる工程 - 請求項12に記載の粘着シートを製造する方法であって、少なくとも下記工程(1A)及び(2A)を有する、粘着シートの製造方法。
工程(1A):基材又は剥離材上に、主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xβ)からなる塗膜(xβ’)、前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)、及び主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)からなる塗膜(xα’)をこの順で積層して形成する工程
工程(2A):工程(1A)で形成した塗膜(xβ’)、塗膜(y’)、及び塗膜(xα’)を同時に乾燥させる工程 - 請求項12に記載の粘着シートを製造する方法であって、少なくとも下記工程(1B)及び(2B)を有する、粘着シートの製造方法。
工程(1B):基材又は剥離材上に設けられた、主に樹脂部分(X)を含む層(Xβ)上に、前記微粒子を15質量%以上含む組成物(y)からなる塗膜(y’)、及び主成分として樹脂を含む組成物(xα)からなる塗膜(xα’)をこの順で積層して形成する工程
工程(2B):工程(1B)で形成した塗膜(y’)及び塗膜(xα’)を同時に乾燥させる工程
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