WO2012057199A1 - 近赤外反射フィルム、その製造方法及び近赤外反射フィルムを設けた近赤外反射体 - Google Patents
近赤外反射フィルム、その製造方法及び近赤外反射フィルムを設けた近赤外反射体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012057199A1 WO2012057199A1 PCT/JP2011/074663 JP2011074663W WO2012057199A1 WO 2012057199 A1 WO2012057199 A1 WO 2012057199A1 JP 2011074663 W JP2011074663 W JP 2011074663W WO 2012057199 A1 WO2012057199 A1 WO 2012057199A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- metal oxide
- refractive layer
- oxide particles
- reflective film
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 221
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 157
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 554
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 96
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 86
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 33
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 24
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 23
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 19
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 18
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 12
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 241000596504 Tamarindus Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000004298 Tamarindus indica Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Natural products CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- IYVLHQRADFNKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] IYVLHQRADFNKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N picolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYTNHSCLZRMKON-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+);diacetate Chemical compound [O-2].[Zr+4].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LYTNHSCLZRMKON-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDSSZTXPZHIYHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxypropanoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BDSSZTXPZHIYHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N Hydroxyproline Chemical compound O[C@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serine Natural products OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-hydroxyproline Natural products OC1C[NH2+]C(C([O-])=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002591 hydroxyproline Drugs 0.000 description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940081066 picolinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FGMPLJWBKKVCDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-L-hydroxy-proline Natural products ON1CCCC1C(O)=O FGMPLJWBKKVCDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-SVZMEOIVSA-N (+)-Galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-SVZMEOIVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N (2S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropansäure Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 2
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](OC3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNOGUCUPRNUHQN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;zirconium(3+) Chemical compound [Zr+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O CNOGUCUPRNUHQN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Asparagine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N L-asparagine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Proline Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002000 Xyloglucan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N aldehydo-D-ribose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K ammonium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000009582 asparagine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960001230 asparagine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UJMDYLWCYJJYMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O UJMDYLWCYJJYMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCMIRNVEIXFBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-alanine Chemical compound NCCC(O)=O UCMIRNVEIXFBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl acetate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CC(=O)OC=C CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RGRFMLCXNGPERX-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxozirconium(2+) carbonate Chemical compound [Zr+2]=O.[O-]C([O-])=O RGRFMLCXNGPERX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LSWWNKUULMMMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(iv) bromide Chemical compound Br[Zr](Br)(Br)Br LSWWNKUULMMMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-DABA Natural products NCCC(N)C(O)=O OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCKSYUMJLIMSQK-PLNGDYQASA-N (z)-2-propylbut-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound CCC\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O CCKSYUMJLIMSQK-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3,5-di(prop-2-enoyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CN(C(=O)C=C)CN(C(=O)C=C)C1 FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHGFCVQWMDIQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1C=C BDHGFCVQWMDIQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminobutanoic acid Natural products CCC(N)C(O)=O QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCCCOCC1CO1 SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTJOGMSHOJOOGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)cyclohexyl]methyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1CCCC(CC2OC2)C1CC1CO1 GTJOGMSHOJOOGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHPIMDQNAGSOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-2-phenylpropanedioic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C(=O)O)(C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZUHPIMDQNAGSOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASJSAQIRZKANQN-CRCLSJGQSA-N 2-deoxy-D-ribose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CC=O ASJSAQIRZKANQN-CRCLSJGQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHEIBFYABJHSOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WHEIBFYABJHSOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQXYBDVZAUEPDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidene-5-phenylpent-4-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 JQXYBDVZAUEPDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZUFHXJTSDPZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidene-5-phenylpent-4-enoic acid;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C(=C)CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HZUFHXJTSDPZGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFEGRFIENDJTCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydroindene-1,1-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)(C(O)=O)C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XFEGRFIENDJTCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XDVOLDOITVSJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dihydroxy-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B(O)OB2OB(O)OB1O2 XDVOLDOITVSJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTNFAXLGPSLYEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-ethenylnaphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=CC(=O)O)=C(C=C)C=CC2=C1 MTNFAXLGPSLYEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLFHRQOZJWCFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1-[(3-methylpiperidin-1-yl)methyl]piperidine Chemical compound C1C(C)CCCN1CN1CC(C)CCC1 KLFHRQOZJWCFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHIPJALLQVEEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-n,n-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1N(CC1OC1)CC1CO1 AHIPJALLQVEEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SATHPVQTSSUFFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[6-[(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]-3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyloxane-3,5-diol Chemical compound OC1C(OC)C(O)COC1OCC1C(O)C(OC)C(O)C(OC2C(C(CO)OC(C)C2O)O)O1 SATHPVQTSSUFFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminohexanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)=O SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001904 Arabinogalactan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000189 Arabinogalactan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- UUAGPGQUHZVJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCCO)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 UUAGPGQUHZVJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HIBWGGKDGCBPTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HIBWGGKDGCBPTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQZNRRFSIZDARL-UHFFFAOYSA-H Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl Chemical class Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl AQZNRRFSIZDARL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-VRPWFDPXSA-N D-Fructose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-VRPWFDPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-GSVOUGTGSA-N D-alpha-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound CC[C@@H](N)C(O)=O QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDFCSMCGLZFNFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylaminopropyl Methacrylamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNC(=O)C(C)=C GDFCSMCGLZFNFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002683 Glycosaminoglycan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000288 Keratan sulfate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-leucine Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRQKBLKVPFOOQJ-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-norleucine Chemical compound CCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O LRQKBLKVPFOOQJ-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-valine Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leucine Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100284369 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) has-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000047703 Nonion Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000206572 Rhodophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920007962 Styrene Methyl Methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Valine Natural products CC(C)C(N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOZWUKQPJXOIG-XSBHQQIPSA-L [(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[[(1r,3s,4r,5r,8s)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]oxy]-4-[[(1r,3r,4r,5r,8s)-8-[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6r)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl]oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-( Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OS([O-])(=O)=O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H]4OC[C@H]3O[C@H](O)[C@@H]4O)[C@@H]1O)OS([O-])(=O)=O)[C@@H]2O ZNOZWUKQPJXOIG-XSBHQQIPSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIYCKVXGRWSAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Cl-].[Zr+] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Zr+] CIYCKVXGRWSAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UEUMIMKGIUYUGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Zr+6] Chemical class [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Zr+6] UEUMIMKGIUYUGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- QDUQFFBZOLYSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-J [Zr+4].Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O.Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O.Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O.Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Zr+4].Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O.Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O.Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O.Cc1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O QDUQFFBZOLYSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- CPMVSJYYYVVNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-J [Zr+4].[O-][Se]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Se]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Se]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Se]([O-])(=O)=O CPMVSJYYYVVNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetyloxyaluminum;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.CC(=O)O[Al] HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ATMLPEJAVWINOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C ATMLPEJAVWINOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007754 air knife coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011124 aluminium ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium formate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- CECABOMBVQNBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium iodide Chemical compound I[Al](I)I CECABOMBVQNBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940009827 aluminum acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940118662 aluminum carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QFIGQGUHYKRFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trichlorate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O QFIGQGUHYKRFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZRGUXTGDSGGHLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;triperchlorate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O ZRGUXTGDSGGHLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QJLDTVCWUDCBME-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trithiocyanate Chemical compound [Al+3].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N QJLDTVCWUDCBME-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019312 arabinogalactan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001541 aziridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007611 bar coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940000635 beta-alanine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZCLVNIZJEKLGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis(4,5-dioxo-1,3,2-dioxalumolan-2-yl) oxalate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZCLVNIZJEKLGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- WVMYSOZCZHQCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(sulfanylidene)zirconium Chemical compound S=[Zr]=S WVMYSOZCZHQCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical class C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUIQMPLLYXZKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-J butanoate pentane-2,4-dione zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O HUIQMPLLYXZKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HSVPRYWNEODRGU-UHFFFAOYSA-J butanoate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O HSVPRYWNEODRGU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003064 carboxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPCPXPTZTOMGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-K di(butanoyloxy)alumanyl butanoate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O WPCPXPTZTOMGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- RPUZVWKKWXPKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O RPUZVWKKWXPKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- GWWKZPLMVIATIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibromozirconium Chemical compound Br[Zr]Br GWWKZPLMVIATIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloridooxygen Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COSHNDIHSFYGTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L difluorozirconium Chemical compound F[Zr]F COSHNDIHSFYGTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical class C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093858 ethyl acetoacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001940 europium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Eu+3].[Eu+3] AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940046240 glucomannan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002402 hexoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000026045 iodination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006192 iodination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXCLCNHUUKTANI-RBIYJLQWSA-N keratan Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)O)[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@H]2O)COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H]1O KXCLCNHUUKTANI-RBIYJLQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003145 methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADFPJHOAARPYLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ADFPJHOAARPYLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N n-[(2r,3r)-1,3-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl]tetracosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013041 optical simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DAWBXZHBYOYVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J oxalate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DAWBXZHBYOYVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoborinic acid Chemical compound OB=O VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005190 phenylalanine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000008729 phenylalanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LMHHRCOWPQNFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-propan-2-yl azepane-1-carbothioate Chemical compound CC(C)SC(=O)N1CCCCCC1 LMHHRCOWPQNFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001153 serine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013464 silicone adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TXKRWVMEUQBFSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.OS(O)(=O)=O TXKRWVMEUQBFSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910002029 synthetic silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010491 tara gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000213 tara gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PUGUQINMNYINPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(2-chloroacetyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCN(C(=O)CCl)CC1 PUGUQINMNYINPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QFURYIUEZSWQQB-UHFFFAOYSA-F tetrapotassium;zirconium(4+);tetrasulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QFURYIUEZSWQQB-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002898 threonine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000008521 threonine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRXSRLDSHFGLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorozirconium Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Zr+3] SRXSRLDSHFGLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BPVKTQRLRAVYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-K triiodozirconium Chemical compound [Zr+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] BPVKTQRLRAVYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- IIBYPFWXQQDGFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(C)NC(=O)C(C)=C IIBYPFWXQQDGFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMRVIBGXKPAZLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C LMRVIBGXKPAZLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHVWODLSARFZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-methyl-3-(prop-2-enoylamino)butyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C GHVWODLSARFZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical class [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Zr](F)(F)F OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YRDBVAQLYFVSFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K zirconium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Zr+3] YRDBVAQLYFVSFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- PFXYQVJESZAMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K zirconium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)Cl PFXYQVJESZAMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/281—Interference filters designed for the infrared light
- G02B5/282—Interference filters designed for the infrared light reflecting for infrared and transparent for visible light, e.g. heat reflectors, laser protection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
- G02B5/287—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films comprising at least one layer of organic material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/289—Rugate filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
- B05D2401/20—Aqueous dispersion or solution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2601/00—Inorganic fillers
- B05D2601/02—Inorganic fillers used for pigmentation effect, e.g. metallic effect
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a near-infrared reflective film. More specifically, the present invention relates to a near-infrared reflective film that is capable of increasing the area at low cost and has excellent optical properties, particularly interference nonuniformity and excellent film physical properties.
- Energy saving technology is attracting attention by minimizing the electrical energy of cooling operation by suppressing the temperature rise caused by the heat radiation energy of sunlight entering the room through the window glass.
- a laminated film in which a high refractive layer and a low refractive layer are alternately laminated with the same optical film thickness has a property of selectively reflecting a specific wavelength. Therefore, as a heat ray shielding film used for a window or a vehicle member, use of a laminated film having selective reflectivity that transmits visible light and selectively reflects near infrared rays has been attempted.
- Near-infrared reflective films in which layers having different refractive indexes are alternately laminated have been conventionally prepared by various methods, such as a method using a dry film forming method such as vapor deposition or sputtering (see Patent Document 1), or a UV curable resin. (See Patent Document 2), a method of melt-extruding and extruding a polymer resin (see Patent Document 3), and the like.
- the interface between the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer, which are alternately stacked, is properly separated.
- interference unevenness Iris unevenness is likely to occur.
- an object of the present invention is to obtain a near-infrared reflective film which can be manufactured at a low cost and in a large area, has excellent optical properties, particularly interference unevenness, and excellent film physical properties.
- the thickness of the mixed layer is 75% or more of the maximum metal oxide content of the adjacent layer containing only one metal oxide particle of the first metal oxide particles or the second metal oxide particles.
- the near-infrared reflective film according to (1) which is 5 to 50% with respect to the existing film thickness.
- the mass ratio of the water-soluble polymer and the metal oxide particles is 0.3 to 10.
- a near-infrared reflector wherein the near-infrared reflective film according to any one of (1) to (6) is provided on at least one surface of a substrate.
- the present invention it is possible to produce a near-infrared reflective film which can be manufactured at low cost, has excellent infrared reflectivity, has little interference unevenness when curved surface processing is performed, and has excellent film properties.
- the high refractive layer containing the first metal oxide particles and the first water-soluble polymer, and the second metal oxide particles and the second water-soluble polymer are contained.
- the low refractive layer has a refractive index of 0.1 or more smaller than the refractive index of the high refractive layer, and the first metal oxide particles and the second metal oxide particles are different.
- a near-infrared reflective film that is a metal oxide is provided.
- the present invention relates to a near-infrared reflective film including a laminate unit of a high refractive layer and a low refractive layer having a refractive index difference of at least two layers containing metal oxide particles and a water-soluble polymer.
- the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer each contain different metal oxide particles (ie, different types of refractive index) (first metal oxide particles, second metal oxide particles),
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a near-infrared reflective film (hereinafter also simply referred to as “film”) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the film 1 of this embodiment has a laminated unit 10.
- the laminated unit 10 is usually formed on a film support 14. That is, the film 1 has a laminated unit 10 and a film support 14.
- the laminated unit 10 includes a low refractive layer 12, a high refractive layer 11, and a mixed layer 13 located between the low refractive layer 12 and the high refractive layer 11.
- the film 1 is not limited to such a form, and may be a form in which three or more types of layers having different refractive indexes are laminated.
- the laminated unit 10 only needs to include at least one laminate of the low refractive layer 12 / the mixed layer 13 / the high refractive layer 11, and the low refractive layer 12 / the mixed layer 13 / the high refractive layer 11 It may be constituted of only three layers, or may be constituted by laminating 2 to 5, or 7 or more laminated bodies of the low refractive layer 12, the mixed layer 13 and the high refractive layer 11.
- all the low-refractive layers 12 and the high-refractive layers 11 are stacked via the mixed layer 13, but the stacked unit 10 only needs to have at least one mixed layer 13. There may be a portion where the low refractive layer 12 and the high refractive layer 11 are directly adjacent to each other in the unit 10.
- the low refractive layer 12 and the high refractive layer 13 are disposed on the two outermost layers of the laminated unit 10 respectively.
- the two outermost layers of the multilayer unit 10 may be the same layer, that is, both the two outermost layers may be the low refractive layer 12 or the high refractive layer 11.
- the high-refractive layer 11 or the low-refractive layer is formed on the upper surface of the low-refractive layer 12 or the high-refractive layer 11 positioned in the outermost layer of the laminate in which the low-refractive layer 12 / the mixed layer 13 / the high-refractive layer 11 are stacked. 12 may be further laminated.
- one outermost layer of the laminated unit 10 adjacent to the film support 14 is the low refractive layer 12, and more preferably, the laminated unit 10 not adjacent to the film support 14.
- the other outermost layer is also the low refractive layer 12.
- the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention has a multilayer film (laminated unit 10) in which films having different refractive indexes (low refractive layer 12 and high refractive layer 11) are laminated on a polymer film, and JIS R3106-1998.
- the transmittance in the visible light region indicated by the above is 50% or more, and the region having a wavelength of 900 nm to 1400 nm exceeds the reflectance of 40%.
- the multilayer film (laminated unit 10) includes the mixed layer 13 containing the first metal oxide particles and the second metal oxide particles between the high refractive layer 11 and the low refractive layer 12.
- Film support As the film support 14 used in the present invention, various resin films can be used. Polyolefin film (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyester film (polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.), polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate 3 Etc., and a polyester film is preferable.
- the polyester film (hereinafter referred to as “polyester”) is not particularly limited, but is preferably a polyester having film-forming properties having a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component as main components.
- the main component dicarboxylic acid component includes terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, Examples thereof include cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl thioether dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ketone dicarboxylic acid, and phenylindane dicarboxylic acid.
- diol component examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane, bis ( 4-Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bisphenol fluorene hydroxyethyl ether, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone, cyclohexanediol and the like.
- polyesters having these as main components from the viewpoints of transparency, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, etc., dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol components such as ethylene glycol and 1 Polyester having 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as the main constituent is preferred.
- polyesters mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, copolymerized polyesters composed of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and mixtures of two or more of these polyesters are mainly used. Polyester as a constituent component is preferable.
- the thickness of the film support used in the present invention is preferably 10 to 300 ⁇ m, particularly 20 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the film support of the present invention may be a laminate of two sheets. In this case, the type may be the same or different.
- the high refraction layer 11 includes first metal oxide particles and a first water-soluble polymer
- the low refraction layer 12 includes second metal oxide particles and a second water-soluble polymer. Composed.
- the first metal oxide particles and the second metal oxide particles are different metal oxides. That is, the film 1 contains different metal oxide particles in the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer. Therefore, the high refractive layer refers to a layer containing the first metal oxide particles and substantially not containing the second metal oxide particles, and the low refractive layer contains the second metal oxide particles, 1 refers to a layer substantially free of metal oxide particles.
- the high refractive layer preferably does not contain the second metal oxide particles at all, but may contain the second metal oxide particles as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the low refractive layer preferably does not contain the first metal oxide particles at all, but may contain the first metal oxide particles as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the refractive index difference between at least two adjacent layers is 0.1 or more, preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more. Yes, more preferably 0.45 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 1.4 or less.
- the mixed layer 13 exists between the high refractive layer 11 and the low refractive layer 12, but the refractive index difference between the adjacent high refractive layer and the low refractive layer is the same as that of the mixed layer 13.
- the refractive index difference between the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer adjacent to each other is shown, and the refractive index of the high refractive layer (the maximum refractive index point of the high refractive layer) and the refractive index of the low refractive layer (the lowest refractive index of the low refractive layer). Point).
- the preferred refractive index of the high refractive layer is 1.70 to 2.50, more preferably 1.80 to 2.20.
- the preferable refractive index of the low refractive layer is 1.10 to 1.60, more preferably 1.30 to 1.55.
- the refractive indexes of the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer can be controlled by adjusting the type and content of the first metal oxide particles and the second metal oxide particles.
- the refractive indexes of the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer are prepared as follows by using a spectrophotometer to prepare a sample in which the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer are each coated as a single layer, as described in Examples below. It can be measured by measuring the visible light reflectance of the sample.
- Reflection at the interface between adjacent layers depends on the refractive index difference between layers (that is, the refractive index difference between the high refractive layer 11 and the low refractive layer 12), so that the larger the refractive index difference, the higher the reflectance.
- the reflected light is controlled to be strengthened by the phase difference.
- the reflectance can be increased.
- n is the refractive index
- d the physical film thickness of the layer
- n ⁇ d is the optical film thickness.
- the film thickness of each layer is controlled to control the transmission of visible light and the reflection of near infrared light. That is, the reflectance in a specific wavelength region is increased by the refractive index of each layer, the film thickness of each layer, and the way of stacking each layer.
- the boundary between the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer becomes a mixed region (mixed layer), and the high refractive layer 11 and the low refractive layer are low.
- the position of the layer interface with the refractive layer 12 may not be clear.
- the infrared region of the incident spectrum of direct sunlight is related to the increase in indoor temperature, and by blocking this, the increase in indoor temperature can be suppressed.
- the cumulative energy ratio from the shortest infrared wavelength (760 nm) to the longest wavelength of 3200 nm based on the weight coefficient described in Japanese Industrial Standards JIS R3106 the entire infrared region from the wavelength of 760 nm to the longest wavelength of 3200 nm is observed.
- the cumulative energy from 760 nm to each wavelength when the total energy is 100 the total energy from 760 to 1300 nm occupies about 75% of the entire infrared region. Therefore, shielding the wavelength region up to 1300 nm has the most efficient energy saving effect by heat ray shielding.
- the reflectance in the near-infrared region (760 to 1300 nm) is about 80% or more at the maximum peak value
- a decrease in the sensory temperature is obtained by sensory evaluation.
- the temperature at the window facing southeast in the morning of August showed a clear difference when the reflectance in the near infrared region was shielded to about 80% at the maximum peak value.
- the reflectivity does not reach 60% when the number of stacked layers is 4. With six layers, a reflectance of about 80% can be obtained.
- the optical film thickness of the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer is By constructing multiple sets of different units, the range of light to be reflected is expanded to form an infrared reflective film that reflects not only the near infrared but also part of the infrared or visible light region. Can do. That is, in one embodiment of the present invention, the laminated unit is configured by laminating a plurality of high refractive layers and low refractive layers having different optical film thicknesses.
- the solar radiation shielding effect can be enhanced by laminating three sets of laminated bodies having different optical film thicknesses to increase the infrared reflection region.
- the coating thickness of each layer may be changed.
- the distance between the highest refractive index point and the lowest refractive index point changes, and the optical film thickness also changes.
- the mixed layer (mixed region) 13 is located between the high refractive layer 11 and the low refractive layer 12 while adopting the basic configuration composed of the alternately laminated body of the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer as described above. It is characterized by the existence. Thereby, for example, when performing curved surface processing, it is possible to reduce interference unevenness (iris unevenness) or the like due to in-plane refractive index unevenness.
- the mixed layer 13 includes first metal oxide particles, second metal oxide particles, and a third water-soluble polymer.
- the ratio between different metal oxide fine particles is preferably changed in a plurality of stages. That is, the mixed layer can include a plurality of layers having different ratios of the first metal oxide particles and the second metal oxide particles. Thereby, the ratio (concentration) of the first metal oxide particles and the ratio (concentration) of the second metal oxide particles can be increased or decreased stepwise in the thickness direction of the mixed layer. More preferably, in the mixed layer (mixed region) in which the different metal oxide particles are mixed, the ratio of the metal oxide particles, that is, the ratio between the first metal oxide particles and the second metal oxide particles. Is changing continuously.
- an infrared reflective film is constituted by an alternately laminated unit composed of a high refractive layer A (refractive index nA) and a low refractive layer C (refractive index nC)
- Layer B having a refractive index of 0.5 and different refractive indexes are laminated in the order of ABCB together with the high refractive layer A and the low refractive layer C, and the ratio of the optical film thickness of each layer is
- a laminated body of polymer films having alternating laminated units set to A1 / 3, B1 / 6, and C1 / 3 is disclosed (for example, Japanese Patent No. 3067863).
- the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer are nested, that is, the abundance of the high refractive index material and the low refractive index material constituting each layer.
- a mixed region (mixed layer) in which the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer are mixed is provided between the high refractive index region and the low refractive index region.
- the mixed layer in which the ratio of the metal oxide particles is continuously changed can be manufactured by a method of simultaneously applying the coating liquid constituting the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer as described later, and the high refractive layer.
- the boundary between the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer becomes a mixed region (mixed layer).
- each component of the coating solution (high refractive index material and low refractive index material) is mixed in the time until set, resulting in a high refractive index at the interface.
- the material (first metal oxide particles) and the low refractive index material (second metal oxide particles) are mixed and nested to form a mixed region in which this ratio changes continuously.
- nA refractive layer coating liquid A
- nC refractive index nC
- the profile of the refractive index of these mixed layers in the film thickness direction is such that the refractive index is 2/3 ⁇ (maximum refractive index in a structure in which the respective layers are mixed and the refractive index alternately and continuously changes.
- nA ⁇ nC) + nC so that the position is within the range of 0.9 / 3 to 1.1 / 3 from the maximum refractive index point with respect to the width (layer thickness) from the maximum refractive index to the minimum refractive index.
- the position where 1/3 ⁇ (nA ⁇ nC) + nC times the minimum refractive index is 0.9 / 3 to 1 from the minimum refractive index point with respect to the width (layer thickness) from the maximum refractive index to the minimum refractive index. It is preferable to have a continuous refractive index profile so that it is in the range of 1/3.
- the refractive index profile of the mixed layer preferably exhibits a sine curve.
- a and the low-refractive layer C together with ABCB are not clearly stacked alternately in this order.
- a high-refractive layer (high-refractive region) is formed by simultaneously laminating a high-refractive layer coating solution and a low-refractive layer coating solution. It is preferable that the laminated body has a structure in which the refractive index continuously changes in the mixed region (mixed layer) from the low refractive layer to the low refractive layer (low refractive region).
- These configurations according to the present invention can be obtained by simultaneously applying a high refractive layer coating solution and a low refractive layer coating solution, have good productivity, can be produced in a large area, It is preferable because reflection due to the band can be reduced and coloring due to higher-order reflection can be suppressed and visible light transmittance can be reduced.
- the refractive index profile measures the metal oxide concentration profile in the film thickness direction of these laminated films. You can know. That is, the refractive index can be converted by the composition from the metal oxide concentration profile in the film thickness direction of the laminated film.
- the metal oxide concentration profile of the laminated film is sputtered from the surface in the depth direction using a sputtering method, and is sputtered at a rate of 0.5 nm / min using the XPS surface analyzer with the outermost surface being 0 nm. It can be observed by measuring the atomic composition ratio. It is also possible to view the cut surface by cutting the laminated film and measuring the atomic composition ratio with an XPS surface analyzer. When the concentration of the metal oxide changes discontinuously in the mixed region, the boundary can be grasped by a tomographic photograph using an electron microscope (TEM).
- TEM electron microscope
- the XPS surface analyzer is not particularly limited, and any model can be used, but ESCALAB-200R manufactured by VG Scientific Fix Co. was used. Mg is used for the X-ray anode, and measurement is performed at an output of 600 W (acceleration voltage: 15 kV, emission current: 40 mA).
- the thickness of the region (mixed layer) 13 in which different metal oxide particles (first metal oxide particles, second metal oxide particles) are mixed is the first metal oxide particles or the second metal oxide particles. 5 to 50% of the film thickness in which 75% or more of the maximum metal oxide content of the adjacent layer (high refractive layer 11 or low refractive layer 12) containing only one metal oxide particle is present. More preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 30%. In order to obtain the effect of reducing interference unevenness, the thickness of the mixed region is required to be 5% or more, and is preferably 50% or less in order to obtain a sufficient near infrared reflection effect.
- FIG. 2 shows, for example, a silicon dioxide-containing layer that is an alternating layer, for example, a low-refractive layer 12, a titanium dioxide-containing layer that is a high-refractive layer 11, and a layer between both layers (the ratio of metal oxide particles is It is the graph which showed the relationship between the number (amount) (vertical axis) of metal oxide particles and the film thickness (horizontal axis) in a model for a region where silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide are mixed.
- FIG. 2 corresponds to a plot of changes in the number (amount) of metal oxide particles in the thickness direction of the region 20 in FIG.
- FIG. 2 there is a mixed region of both silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide between the silicon dioxide-containing layer and the titanium dioxide-containing layer, which is the thickness between c and d and the film thickness (horizontal axis) in FIG. 2.
- the thickness is between 0.35 and 0.4, and the thickness is 0.05.
- the number of particles of one metal oxide (in this case, SiO 2 ) is 3, and the metal oxidation in the silicon dioxide-containing layer
- the region where the thickness (horizontal axis) of 0.075 (a) and 0.325 (b) is such that the content of one metal oxide (in this case SiO 2 ) is 75% of the maximum metal oxide content It is.
- the film thickness in which 75% or more of the maximum metal oxide content is present in the silicon dioxide-containing layer is the film thickness corresponding to a and b in FIG. 2, that is, between 0.075 and 0.325. It becomes. Note, 0.35 part of one of the metal oxides (i.e., SiO 2) only contain but do not fall because less than 75%.
- the film thickness having 75% or more of the maximum metal oxide (silicon dioxide in this case) content is therefore 0.25.
- the thickness of the mixed region of both silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide is 0.05, in this case, 75% or more of the maximum metal oxide content is present.
- the ratio is 20%.
- the present invention is characterized by having such a mixed region (mixed layer) between the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer which are alternately stacked.
- the metal oxide particles (first metal oxide particles, second metal oxide particles) of the present invention are used when constituting the low refractive layer, the high refractive layer, or the mixed layer.
- the metal oxide used for the above purpose include titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, synthetic amorphous silica, colloidal silica, alumina, colloidal alumina, lead titanate, red lead, yellow lead, zinc yellow , Chromium oxide, ferric oxide, iron black, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium titanate, yttrium oxide, niobium oxide, europium oxide, lanthanum oxide, zircon, tin oxide, and the like.
- metal oxide particles it is preferable to use solid fine particles selected from titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and alumina.
- Alumina or alumina hydrate may be crystalline or amorphous, and any shape such as irregular particles, spherical particles, and acicular particles can be used.
- the first metal oxide particles and the second metal oxide particles may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the first metal oxide particles contained in the high refractive layer and the second metal oxide particles contained in the low refractive layer need to be different metal oxides.
- the first metal oxide particles and / or the second metal oxide particles include two or more kinds of metal oxides, at least one metal oxide is different from at least one of the second metal oxides. Just do it. That is, for example, a form in which the first metal oxide particles include titanium dioxide and alumina and the second metal oxide particles include silicon dioxide and alumina is also included in the present invention.
- the maximum metal oxide content of the high refractive layer or the low refractive layer is high. It is calculated from the total amount of metal oxides contained in the refractive layer or the low refractive layer.
- the average particle size of the metal oxide particles is determined by observing the particles themselves or the particles appearing on the cross section or surface of the refractive layer (low refractive layer, high refractive layer) with an electron microscope, and the particle size of 1,000 arbitrary particles. Is obtained as a simple average value (number average).
- the particle diameter of each particle is represented by a diameter assuming a circle equal to the projected area.
- the metal oxide particles have a particle size of 100 nm or less, preferably 4 to 50 nm, more preferably 4 to 30 nm.
- the metal oxide fine particles are preferably in a state where the fine particle dispersion before mixing with the water-soluble polymer is dispersed to the primary particles.
- the type and content of the metal oxide particles may be appropriately determined so that desired refractive indexes of the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer can be obtained.
- the first metal oxide particles contained in the high refractive layer TiO 2 , ZnO, and ZrO 2 are preferable, and the stability of the metal oxide particle-containing composition described later for forming the high refractive layer is preferable.
- TiO 2 (titanium dioxide) sol is more preferable.
- TiO 2 rutile type is more preferable than anatase type because it has low catalytic activity, so that the weather resistance of the high refractive layer and the adjacent layer is high and the refractive index is high.
- the first step in the method for producing rutile type fine particle titanium dioxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and alkaline earth metal hydroxides. This is a step (Step 1) of treatment with a basic compound.
- Titanium dioxide hydrate can be obtained by hydrolysis of water-soluble titanium compounds such as titanium sulfate and titanium chloride.
- the method of hydrolysis is not particularly limited, and a known method can be applied. Especially, it is preferable that it was obtained by thermal hydrolysis of titanium sulfate.
- the step (1) can be performed, for example, by adding the basic compound to an aqueous suspension of the titanium dioxide hydrate and treating (reacting) it under a predetermined temperature condition for a predetermined time. it can.
- the method for preparing the titanium dioxide hydrate as an aqueous suspension is not particularly limited, and can be performed by adding the titanium dioxide hydrate to water and stirring.
- the concentration of the suspension is not particularly limited.
- the concentration of TiO 2 is 30 to 150 g / L in the suspension. By setting it within the above range, the reaction (treatment) can proceed efficiently.
- the at least one basic compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and alkaline earth metal hydroxides used in the step (1) is not particularly limited. Examples include potassium, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and the like.
- the amount of the basic compound added in the step (1) is preferably 30 to 300 g / L in terms of the basic compound concentration in the reaction (treatment) suspension.
- the above step (1) is preferably performed at a reaction (treatment) temperature of 60 to 120 ° C.
- the reaction (treatment) time varies depending on the reaction (treatment) temperature, but is preferably 2 to 10 hours.
- the reaction (treatment) is preferably performed by adding an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or calcium hydroxide to a suspension of titanium dioxide hydrate. After the reaction (treatment), the reaction (treatment) mixture is cooled, neutralized with an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid as necessary, and then filtered and washed with water to obtain fine particle titanium dioxide hydrate.
- the compound obtained in step (1) may be treated with a carboxylic acid group-containing compound and an inorganic acid.
- the method of treating the compound obtained in the above step (1) with an inorganic acid in the production of rutile fine particle titanium dioxide is a known method, but in addition to the inorganic acid or in place of the inorganic acid, a carboxylic acid group-containing compound is used. It can be used to adjust the particle size.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is an organic compound having a —COOH group.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably a polycarboxylic acid having 2 or more, more preferably 2 or more and 4 or less carboxylic acid groups. Since the polycarboxylic acid has a coordination ability to a metal atom, it is presumed that agglomeration between fine particles can be suppressed by coordination, whereby rutile type fine particle titanium dioxide can be suitably obtained.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, propylmalonic acid, and maleic acid; hydroxys such as malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid.
- dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, propylmalonic acid, and maleic acid
- hydroxys such as malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid.
- carboxylic acid group-containing compound may be a neutralized product of an organic compound having a —COOH group (for example, an organic compound having a —COONa group or the like).
- the inorganic acid is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and the like.
- the inorganic acid may be added so that the concentration in the reaction (treatment) solution is 0.5 to 2.5 mol / L, more preferably 0.8 to 1.4 mol / L.
- the step (2) is preferably performed by suspending the compound obtained in the step (1) in pure water and heating it with stirring as necessary.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound and the inorganic acid may be added simultaneously or sequentially, but it is preferable to add them sequentially.
- the addition is performed by adding the carboxylic acid group-containing compound after the inorganic acid is added, even if the inorganic acid is added after the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is added. There may be.
- a carboxyl group-containing compound is added to the suspension of the compound obtained by the above step (1), heating is started, and the inorganic acid is added when the liquid temperature is 60 ° C. or higher, preferably 90 ° C. or higher. Adding and maintaining the liquid temperature, preferably stirring for 15 minutes to 5 hours, more preferably 2 to 3 hours (Method 1); heating the suspension of the compound obtained by the above step (1)
- an inorganic acid is added when the liquid temperature is 60 ° C. or higher, preferably 90 ° C. or higher, and a carboxylic acid group-containing compound is added 10 to 15 minutes after the inorganic acid addition, and the liquid temperature is preferably maintained.
- a method of stirring for 15 minutes to 5 hours, more preferably 2 to 3 hours (Method 2).
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably used in an amount of 0.25 to 1.5 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of TiO 2 , and 0.4 to More preferably, it is used at a ratio of 0.8 mol%.
- the addition amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is less than 0.25 mol%, there is a possibility that particle growth proceeds and particles having the target particle size may not be obtained.
- the amount is more than 5 mol%, rutile conversion of the particles does not proceed and anatase particles may be formed.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably used in an amount of 1.6 to 4.0 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of TiO 2 , and is preferably 2.0 to It is more preferable to use it at a ratio of 2.4 mol%.
- the addition amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is less than 1.6 mol%, there is a possibility that the particle growth proceeds and particles having the target particle size may not be obtained, and the addition amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is 4. If the amount is more than 0 mol%, the rutile conversion of the particles may not proceed and anatase particles may be formed. Even if the amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound exceeds 4.0 mol%, the effect will be good. It is economically disadvantageous. Further, if the addition of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is performed in less than 10 minutes after the addition of the inorganic acid, there is a possibility that the rutileization will not proceed and anatase-type particles may be formed. In some cases, the particle growth proceeds excessively, and particles having a target particle size cannot be obtained.
- step (2) it is preferable to cool after completion of the reaction (treatment) and further neutralize so that the pH becomes 5.0 to 10.0.
- the neutralization can be performed with an alkaline compound such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or aqueous ammonia.
- the target rutile type fine particle titanium dioxide can be separated by filtering and washing with water after neutralization.
- titanium dioxide fine particles As a method for producing titanium dioxide fine particles, a known method described in “Titanium oxide—physical properties and applied technology” (Kagino Kiyono, pp 255-258 (2000) Gihodo Publishing Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- the preferred primary particle diameter of the titanium dioxide fine particles is 5 nm to 35 nm, more preferably 6 nm to 10 nm.
- silicon dioxide silicon dioxide
- acidic colloidal silica sol it is preferable to use silicon dioxide (silica) as the second metal oxide particles, and it is particularly preferable to use acidic colloidal silica sol.
- silicon dioxide As silicon dioxide (silica) that can be used in the present invention, silica synthesized by an ordinary wet method, colloidal silica, silica synthesized by a gas phase method (gas phase method fine particle silica), or the like is preferably used.
- gas phase method gas phase method fine particle silica
- particulate silica particularly preferably used in the present invention colloidal silica or particulate silica synthesized by a vapor phase method (vapor phase particulate silica) is preferable.
- the average particle size (particle size in the dispersion state before coating) of the metal oxide fine particles dispersed in the primary particle state is preferably 100 nm or less, More preferably, it is 4 to 50 nm, and most preferably 4 to 20 nm.
- Aerosil manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. is commercially available as silica synthesized by the vapor phase method in which the average particle size of the primary particles is 4 to 20 nm.
- the vapor phase fine particle silica can be dispersed to primary particles relatively easily by being sucked and dispersed in water, for example, by a jet stream inductor mixer manufactured by Mitamura Riken Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- the colloidal silica preferably used in the present invention is obtained by heating and aging a silica sol obtained by metathesis with an acid of sodium silicate or passing through an ion exchange resin layer, and this colloidal silica is used for ink jet recording paper.
- the preferred average particle size of colloidal silica is usually 5 to 100 nm, but an average particle size of 5 to 30 nm is particularly preferable.
- Silica synthesized by the gas phase method (gas phase method fine particle silica) and colloidal silica may be those whose surfaces are cation-modified, and those treated with Al, Ca, Mg, Ba, etc. There may be.
- a colloidal silica composite emulsion can also be used as a metal oxide in the low refractive layer.
- the colloidal silica composite emulsion preferably used in the present invention has a central part of a particle mainly composed of a polymer or copolymer, and is described in JP-A-59-71316 and JP-A-60-127371. It is obtained by polymerizing a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the presence of colloidal silica which has been conventionally known by an emulsion polymerization method.
- the particle diameter of colloidal silica applied to the composite emulsion is preferably less than 40 nm.
- colloidal silica used for the preparation of this composite emulsion those having primary particles of usually 2 to 100 ⁇ m can be mentioned.
- the ethylenic monomer include (meth) acrylic acid ester having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl group, or allyl group, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyl toluene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride. , Vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, acrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, ethylene, butadiene, and other materials known in the latex industry, and if necessary, vinyl trimethoate is used to improve compatibility with colloidal silica.
- Vinyl silanes such as oxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacrylooxypropyltrimethoxysilane, etc. are also used to stabilize the dispersion of (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid.
- Anionic monomers such as -Is used as an auxiliary agent.
- two or more types of ethylenic monomers can be used together as necessary.
- the ratio of ethylenic monomer / colloidal silica in the emulsion polymerization is preferably 100/1 to 200 in terms of solid content.
- colloidal silica composite emulsions used in the present invention those having a glass transition point in the range of ⁇ 30 to 30 ° C. are preferable.
- compositions include ethylenic monomers such as acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters, and particularly preferred are copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid esters and styrene, alkyl (meth) acrylates.
- ethylenic monomers such as acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters
- copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid esters and styrene, alkyl (meth) acrylates examples thereof include a copolymer of ester and (meth) acrylic acid aralkyl ester, and a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester and (meth) acrylic acid aryl ester copolymer.
- emulsifiers used in emulsion polymerization include alkyl allyl polyether sulfonic acid soda salt, lauryl sulfonic acid soda salt, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid soda salt, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether sodium nitrate salt, alkyl allyl sulfosuccinate soda salt, sulfo Examples include propyl maleic acid monoalkyl ester soda salt.
- Preferred particle diameters are 10 nm or less for primary particles and 30 nm or less for secondary particles, and have low haze and excellent visible light permeability.
- a synthetic polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, thickening polysaccharide, inorganic polymer, and the like as a binder.
- At least one water-soluble polymer (first water-soluble polymer, second water-soluble polymer, and third water-soluble polymer) selected from the group can be used.
- gelatin is used as a water-soluble polymer (first water-soluble polymer, second water-soluble polymer, third water-soluble polymer). Is preferred.
- the first water-soluble polymer contained in the high refractive layer 11, the second water-soluble polymer contained in the low refractive layer 12, and the third water-soluble polymer contained in the mixed layer 13 may be the same. And may be different.
- water-soluble polymer means a G2 glass filter (maximum pores 40 to 40) when dissolved in water at a concentration of 0.5% by mass at the temperature at which the water-soluble polymer is most dissolved. 50 mass), the mass of the insoluble matter that is filtered off when filtered at 50 ⁇ m) is within 50 mass% of the added water-soluble polymer.
- Synthetic polymers applicable to the present invention include, for example, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyacrylic acid, acrylic acid-acrylonitrile copolymer, potassium acrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinyl acetate-acrylic acid.
- Acrylic resins such as ester copolymers or acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymers, styrene-acrylic acid copolymers, styrene-methacrylic acid copolymers, styrene-methacrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymers, styrene -Styrene acrylic resin such as ⁇ -methylstyrene-acrylic acid copolymer or styrene- ⁇ -methylstyrene-acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-sodium styrenesulfonate copolymer, styrene-2- Hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer Styrene-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-potassium styrene sulfonate copolymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride cop
- the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 1,000 or more and 200,000 or less. Furthermore, 3,000 or more and 40,000 or less are more preferable.
- the polyvinyl alcohol preferably used in the present invention includes, in addition to ordinary polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing polyvinyl acetate, modified polyvinyl alcohol such as polyvinyl alcohol having a cation-modified terminal and anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group. Alcohol is also included.
- the polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing vinyl acetate preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1,000 or more, and particularly preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1,500 to 5,000.
- the degree of saponification is preferably 70 to 100%, particularly preferably 80 to 99.5%.
- Examples of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol have primary to tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium groups in the main chain or side chain of the polyvinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-61-10383.
- Polyvinyl alcohol which is obtained by saponifying a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group and vinyl acetate.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group include trimethyl- (2-acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethyl) ammonium chloride and trimethyl- (3-acrylamido-3,3-dimethylpropyl) ammonium chloride.
- the ratio of the cation-modified group-containing monomer in the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol is 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.2 to 5 mol%, relative to vinyl acetate.
- Anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol is, for example, polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group as described in JP-A-1-206088, as described in JP-A-61-237681 and JP-A-63-307979, Examples thereof include a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and a vinyl compound having a water-soluble group, and modified polyvinyl alcohol having a water-soluble group as described in JP-A-7-285265.
- Nonionic modified polyvinyl alcohols include, for example, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives obtained by adding a polyalkylene oxide group to a part of vinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-7-9758, and described in JP-A-8-25795. And a block copolymer of a vinyl compound having a hydrophobic group and vinyl alcohol.
- Polyvinyl alcohol can be used in combination of two or more, such as the degree of polymerization and the type of modification.
- gelatin water-swellable polymer
- acid-processed gelatin may be used, and gelatin hydrolyzate and gelatin enzyme-decomposed product can also be used.
- gelatin water-swellable polymer
- These water-swellable polymers may be used alone or in a plurality of types.
- thickening polysaccharide examples include generally known natural polysaccharides, natural complex polysaccharides, synthetic simple polysaccharides, and synthetic complex polysaccharides. For details, reference can be made to “Biochemical Encyclopedia (2nd edition), Tokyo Chemical Doujinshi”, “Food Industry”, Vol. 31 (1988), p. 21.
- the thickening polysaccharide referred to in the present invention is a polymer of saccharides and has many hydrogen bonding groups in the molecule, and the viscosity at low temperature and the viscosity at high temperature due to the difference in hydrogen bonding force between molecules depending on the temperature. It is a polysaccharide with a large difference in characteristics, and when adding metal oxide fine particles, it causes a viscosity increase that seems to be due to hydrogen bonding with the metal oxide fine particles at a low temperature. It is a polysaccharide that causes a viscosity increase at 40 ° C. of 1.0 mPa ⁇ s or more by addition, preferably 5.0 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 10.0 mPa ⁇ s or more. Polysaccharides.
- thickening polysaccharide examples include ⁇ 1-4 glucan (eg, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxyethylcellulose, etc.), galactan (eg, agarose, agaropectin, etc.), galactomannoglycan (eg, locust bean gum).
- glucan eg, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxyethylcellulose, etc.
- galactan eg, agarose, agaropectin, etc.
- galactomannoglycan eg, locust bean gum
- xyloglucan eg, tamarind gum, tamarind seed gum, etc.
- glucomannoglycan eg, salmon mannan, wood-derived glucomannan, xanthan gum, etc.
- galactoglucomannoglycan eg, softwood derived glycan
- Arabinogalactoglycan for example, soybean-derived glycan, microorganism-derived glycan, etc.
- glucolinoglycan for example, gellan gum
- glycosaminoglycan for example, hyaluronic acid, keratan sulfate, etc.
- alginic acid And natural polymer polysaccharides derived from red algae such as alginate, agar, ⁇ -carrageenan, ⁇ -carrageenan, ⁇ -carrageenan, and ferceleran.
- the structural unit has no carboxylic acid group or sulfonic acid group.
- polysaccharides include, for example, pentoses such as L-arabitose, D-ribose, 2-deoxyribose, and D-xylose, and hexoses such as D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, and D-galactose only. It is preferable that it is a polysaccharide.
- tamarind seed gum known as xyloglucan whose main chain is glucose and side chain is xylose
- guar gum known as galactomannan whose main chain is mannose and side chain is galactose
- locust bean gum Tara gum or arabinogalactan whose main chain is galactose and whose side chain is arabinose
- xyloglucan whose main chain is glucose and side chain is xylose
- galactomannan whose main chain is mannose and side chain is galactose
- locust bean gum Tara gum or arabinogalactan whose main chain is galactose and whose side chain is arabinose
- two or more thickening polysaccharides may be used in combination.
- each refractive layer (low refractive layer 12, high refractive layer 11) and mixed region (mixed layer 13) containing a thickening polysaccharide is preferably 5% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and preferably 10% by mass. More preferred is 40% by mass or less. However, when used in combination with other water-soluble polymers or emulsion resins, it may be contained in an amount of 3% by mass or more. When there are few thickening polysaccharides, the film surface will be disordered at the time of drying of a coating film, and the tendency for transparency to deteriorate will become large. On the other hand, when the content is 50% by mass or less, the relative metal oxide content is appropriate, and it becomes easy to increase the refractive index difference between the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer.
- inorganic polymers examples include inorganic polymers such as zirconium atom-containing compounds and aluminum atom-containing compounds.
- the compound containing a zirconium atom applicable to the present invention excludes zirconium oxide, and specific examples thereof include zirconium difluoride, zirconium trifluoride, zirconium tetrafluoride, hexafluorozirconium salt (for example, Potassium salt), heptafluorozirconate (for example, sodium salt, potassium salt or ammonium salt), octafluorozirconate (for example, lithium salt), fluorinated zirconium oxide, zirconium dichloride, zirconium trichloride, tetrachloride Zirconium, hexachlorozirconium salt (for example, sodium salt and potassium salt), zirconium oxychloride (zirconyl chloride), zirconium dibromide, zirconium tribromide, zirconium tetrabromide, zirconium bromide oxide, zirconium triiodide,
- zirconyl carbonate, zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconyl acetate, zirconyl nitrate, zirconyl acid chloride, zirconyl lactate and zirconyl citrate are preferable, and zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconyl acid chloride and zirconyl acetate are particularly preferable.
- Specific trade names of the above compounds include zirconyl acetate ZA (trade name) manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Chemical Co., Ltd., zirconyl oxychloride (trade name) manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Chemical Co., Ltd., and the like. .
- the compound containing a zirconium atom may be used alone, or two or more different compounds may be used in combination.
- the compound containing an aluminum atom in the molecule that can be used in the present invention does not contain aluminum oxide.
- Specific examples thereof include aluminum fluoride, hexafluoroaluminic acid (for example, potassium salt), aluminum chloride, Basic aluminum chloride (eg, polyaluminum chloride), tetrachloroaluminate (eg, sodium salt), aluminum bromide, tetrabromoaluminate (eg, potassium salt), aluminum iodide, aluminate (eg, Sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt), aluminum chlorate, aluminum perchlorate, aluminum thiocyanate, aluminum sulfate, basic aluminum sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate (alum), ammonium aluminum sulfate (ammonium alum) , Sodium aluminum sulfate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum hydrogen phosphate, aluminum carbonate, aluminum polysulfate silicate, aluminum formate, aluminum acetate, aluminum
- aluminum chloride, basic aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, basic aluminum sulfate, and basic aluminum sulfate silicate are preferable, and basic aluminum chloride and basic aluminum sulfate are most preferable.
- (Curing agent) In the present invention, it is preferable to use a curing agent in order to cure the water-soluble polymer as a binder.
- the curing agent applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it causes a curing reaction with a water-soluble polymer, and generally a compound having a group capable of reacting with a water-soluble polymer or a water-soluble polymer. Is a compound that promotes the reaction between different groups, and is appropriately selected according to the type of water-soluble polymer.
- boric acid and its salt are preferable.
- Boric acid or a salt thereof refers to an oxygen acid having a boron atom as a central atom and a salt thereof.
- orthoboric acid, diboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, pentaboric acid and octabored acid examples include acids and their salts.
- Boric acid having a boron atom and a salt thereof as a curing agent may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. Particularly preferred is a mixed aqueous solution of boric acid and borax.
- aqueous solutions of boric acid and borax can be added only in relatively dilute aqueous solutions, respectively, but by mixing them both can be made into a concentrated aqueous solution and the coating solution can be concentrated. Further, there is an advantage that the pH of the aqueous solution to be added can be controlled relatively freely.
- the curing agent include, for example, epoxy curing agents (diglycidyl ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6 -Diglycidylcyclohexane, N, N-diglycidyl-4-glycidyloxyaniline, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, etc.), aldehyde curing agents (formaldehyde, glycoxal, etc.), active halogen curing agents (2,4- Dichloro-4-hydroxy-1,3,5-s-triazine, etc.), active vinyl compounds (1,3,5-tris-acryloyl-hexahydro-s-triazine, bisvinylsulfonylmethyl ether, etc.), aluminum alum, etc. Is mentioned.
- epoxy curing agents diglycidyl ethyl
- water-soluble polymer is gelatin
- organic hardeners such as vinylsulfone compounds, urea-formalin condensates, melanin-formalin condensates, epoxy compounds, aziridine compounds, active olefins, isocyanate compounds, etc.
- Inorganic polyvalent metal salts such as chromium, aluminum and zirconium.
- water-soluble polymer is a thickening polysaccharide
- examples thereof include an epoxy compound and an aldehyde compound.
- the total amount of the curing agent used is preferably 1 to 600 mg per 1 g of the water-soluble polymer, and more preferably 100 to 600 mg per 1 g of the water-soluble polymer.
- an amino acid is further added for the purpose of improving the dispersibility of the metal oxide particles. Also good.
- the amino acid as used in the present invention is a compound having an amino group and a carboxyl group in the same molecule, and may be any type of amino acid such as ⁇ -, ⁇ -, ⁇ -, but has an isoelectric point of 6.5 or less. It is preferably an amino acid.
- Some amino acids have optical isomers, but in the present invention, there is no difference in effect due to optical isomers, and any isomer having an isoelectric point of 6.5 or less is used alone or in racemic form. be able to.
- preferred amino acids include glycine, alanine, valine, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, ⁇ -alanine, serine, ⁇ -amino-n-caproic acid, leucine, norleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, asparagine, asparagine.
- examples include acid, histidine, lysine, glutamine, cysteine, methionine, proline, hydroxyproline, etc.
- the solubility at the isoelectric point is preferably 3 g or more with respect to 100 g of water.
- Glycine, alanine, serine, histidine, lysine, glutamine, cysteine, methionine, proline, hydroxyproline, etc. are preferably used, and from the viewpoint that the metal oxide particles have a gentle hydrogen bond with the binder, serine, It is more preferable to use a mud hydroxyproline.
- the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer and the mixed region (mixed layer) according to the present invention can contain various additives as necessary.
- ultraviolet absorbers described in JP-A-57-74193, JP-A-57-87988 and JP-A-62-261476, JP-A-57-74192, JP-A-57-87989, and JP-A-60-72785 No. 61-146591, JP-A-1-95091 and JP-A-3-13376, etc., various surfactants such as anti-fading agents, anions, cations or nonions, No. 42993, No. 59-52689, No. 62-280069, No.
- whitening agents such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, PH adjusters such as citric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, antifoaming agents, lubricants such as diethylene glycol, preservatives Antistatic agents, can also contain various known additives such as a matting agent.
- the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is formed on the support by appropriately selecting each constituent layer including the high refractive layer 11, the low refractive layer 12, and the mixed layer 13 from a known coating method, either alone or simultaneously. It can be manufactured by coating and drying. Examples of the coating method include a roll coating method, a rod bar coating method, an air knife coating method, a spray coating method, a curtain coating method, or US Pat. Nos. 2,761,419 and 2,761,791. A slide bead coating method using an hopper, an extrusion coating method, or the like is preferably used.
- the ratio between different metal oxide fine particles is preferably changed in a plurality of stages. It is more preferable to change it.
- the formation of the mixed region is performed by changing the mixing ratio of the two layers, the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer, so as to gradually change the coating liquid, and using this coating method. It can be obtained by a multilayer coating method.
- a plurality of constituent layers including a high refractive layer and a low refractive layer are appropriately selected from known coating methods, and are applied by simultaneous multilayer coating in water on a support, and then set and dried.
- the first coating liquid containing the first water-soluble polymer and the first metal oxide particles, the second water-soluble polymer and the second metal By applying the second coating liquid containing oxide particles simultaneously in multiple layers, the ratio between two layers having different refractive indexes and the different metal oxide particles located between the two layers having different refractive indexes can be obtained.
- a method for producing a near-infrared reflective film comprising forming a continuously changing mixed layer.
- a mixed region (mixed layer) of the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer can be provided between the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer.
- the refractive index can be continuously changed in the mixed region (mixed layer) from the refractive region to the low refractive region.
- the mass ratio (F / B) between the water-soluble polymer and the metal oxide particles in each layer coating solution is in the range of 0.3 to 20. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.3 to 10, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10, particularly preferably in the range of 1.0 to 10, most preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5. It is a range.
- the concentration of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 0.3 to 3% by mass, more preferably 0.35 to 2% by mass.
- set refers to a process of increasing the viscosity of the coating composition by lowering the temperature by applying cold air or the like to the coating film and reducing the material fluidity in each layer and in each layer.
- the time from setting to setting refers to the time at which the finger is stuck on the surface when cold air is applied to the coating film from the surface and the finger is pressed against the surface.
- the temperature condition when using cold air is preferably 25 ° C. or lower, more preferably 15 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 10 ° C. or lower. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 1 degreeC or more, and it is more preferable that it is 5 degreeC or more.
- the time during which the coating film is exposed to the cold air depends on the coating conveyance speed, but is preferably 10 seconds or more and 120 seconds or less.
- the time from the simultaneous multilayer coating of the high refractive layer and the low refractive layer to the sol-gel transition and setting that is, the time from the simultaneous multilayer coating of the first coating liquid and the second coating liquid to the setting is 5 minutes. Within 2 minutes, preferably within 2 minutes. Moreover, it is preferable to take time of 45 seconds or more.
- the optical film thickness ratio corresponds to the case of A1 / 3, B1 / 6, C1 / 3, that is, the position where the refractive index is 2/3 of the maximum refractive index.
- the width (layer thickness) from the maximum refractive index to the minimum refractive index is in the range of 0.9 / 3 to 1.1 / 3 from the maximum refractive index point, and is 1.3 times the minimum refractive index.
- the laminated film has a refractive index profile so that the position is within the range of 0.9 / 3 to 1.1 / 3 from the minimum refractive index point with respect to the width (layer thickness) from the maximum refractive index to the minimum refractive index. It is. When the time to set is too short, mixing of preferable components does not occur. Further, if the set time is increased, layer mixing proceeds and the required refractive index difference cannot be obtained.
- the set time can be adjusted by adjusting the viscosity and the like according to the concentration of components such as water-soluble polymer, thickening polysaccharide, and curing agent, and the concentration of metal oxide particles. Thereby, the thickness of the mixed layer (mixed region) can be adjusted to the above range.
- the viscosity at the time of applying each coating solution in simultaneous multilayer coating is preferably in the range of 5 to 100 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably in the range of 10 to 50 mPa ⁇ s. .
- the range of 5 to 1200 mPa ⁇ s is preferable, and the range of 25 to 500 mPa ⁇ s is more preferable.
- the viscosity of the coating solution at 15 ° C. is preferably 100 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 100 to 30,000 mPa ⁇ s, still more preferably 3,000 to 30,000 mPa ⁇ s, and most preferably 10 , 30,000 to 30,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the coating liquid is heated to 30 ° C. or higher and coated, and then the temperature of the formed coating film is once cooled to 1 to 15 ° C. and dried at 10 ° C. or higher. More preferably, the drying conditions are a wet bulb temperature of 5 to 50 ° C. and a film surface temperature of 10 to 50 ° C. Moreover, as a cooling method immediately after application
- the near-infrared reflective film according to the present invention is preferably stored after being overcoated and dried, stored in a roll, or cut into a sheet. . Storage at 30 ° C. or higher for a certain period of time, for example, 1 day to 1 month, helps to reduce coating unevenness. Preferred storage conditions are 30 to 50 ° C. and 1 to 30 days.
- the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention can be applied to a wide range of fields.
- film for window pasting such as heat ray reflecting film that gives heat ray reflection effect, film for agricultural greenhouses, etc. Etc., mainly for the purpose of improving the weather resistance.
- the near-infrared reflective film according to the present invention can be suitably used by being bonded to a substrate such as glass or a glass substitute resin directly or via an adhesive (adhesive layer).
- the adhesive should be installed so that the near-infrared reflective film is on the sunlight (heat ray) incident surface side when pasted on a window glass or the like. Further, when the near-infrared reflective film is sandwiched between the window glass and the base material, it can be sealed from ambient gas such as moisture, which is preferable for durability. Even if the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is installed outdoors or outside the vehicle (for external application), it is preferable because of environmental durability.
- an adhesive (adhesive layer) applicable to the present invention, an adhesive mainly composed of a photocurable or thermosetting resin can be used.
- the adhesive preferably has durability against ultraviolet rays, and is preferably an acrylic adhesive or a silicone adhesive. Furthermore, an acrylic adhesive is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesive properties and cost. In particular, since the peel strength can be easily controlled, a solvent system is preferable among the solvent system and the emulsion system in the acrylic adhesive. When a solution polymerization polymer is used as the acrylic solvent-based pressure-sensitive adhesive, known monomers can be used as the monomer.
- polyvinyl butyral resin or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin used as an intermediate layer of laminated glass may be used as an adhesive (adhesive layer).
- plastic polyvinyl butyral manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Monsanto Co., Ltd.
- ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer manufactured by DuPont Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., duramin]
- Sample 1-1 (Preparation of coating solution 1-1 for high refractive layer) 10.3 parts of pure water, 130 parts of 1.0% by weight tamarind seed gum, and 10.3% of a 5.0% by weight solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight: 80,000) 17.3 parts of a 14.8% by weight picolinic acid aqueous solution and 2.58 parts of a 5.5% by weight aqueous boric acid solution were added and mixed. 38.2 parts were added and mixed, and finally finished to 223 parts with pure water to prepare a coating solution 1-1 for a high refractive layer.
- PVA217 polyvinyl alcohol
- PVA217 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight: 80,000
- a titanium dioxide dispersion 1 was prepared by mixing and dispersing 3.92 parts of a 1% by mass aqueous solution.
- Sample 1-2 which is a near-infrared reflective film, was produced in the same manner as in Sample 1-1, except that the mixed region was formed under the condition that the dry thickness of the mixed layer (mixed region) was 6.75 nm.
- Sample 1-1 a mixed layer (mixed region) was prepared by mixing a coating solution prepared by mixing the coating solution 1-1 for the low refractive layer and the coating solution 1-1 for the high refractive layer at a mixing ratio of 2: 1 and 1: 2, respectively.
- Sample 1-3 which is a near-infrared reflective film, was prepared in the same manner except that two layers were applied and dried so as to obtain a dry film thickness of 6.75 nm in this order.
- Sample 1-1 the mixed layer (mixed region) was prepared by mixing the low refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 and the high refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 in a mixing ratio of 4: 1, 3: 1, 2: 1, 1: In the same manner, except that the coating solutions mixed at 2, 1: 3, and 1: 4 were respectively applied and dried to form a dry film thickness of 6.75 nm in this order.
- Sample 1-4 which is a reflective film, was produced.
- Sample 1-5 the mixed layer (mixed region) was prepared by mixing the low-refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 and the high-refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 in a mixing ratio of 5: 1, 4: 1, 3: 1, 2: 1, 1.5: 1, 1: 1.5, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4, and 1: 5 were mixed in this order, respectively, with a dry film thickness of 6.75 nm.
- Sample 1-5 which is a near-infrared reflective film, was produced in the same manner except that each of the 10 layers was formed by coating and drying.
- Sample 1-1 the mixed layer (mixed region) was prepared by mixing the low-refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 and the high-refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 in a mixing ratio of 5: 1, 4: 1, 3: 1, 2: 1, 1.5: 1, 1: 1, 1: 1.5, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4, and 1: 5, respectively.
- Sample 1-6 which is a near-infrared reflective film, was produced in the same manner except that 11 layers were formed by coating and drying to obtain a dry film thickness.
- Sample 1-7 ⁇ Preparation of Sample 1-7 >>
- the mixed layer was prepared by mixing the low-refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 and the high-refractive layer coating liquid 1-1 in a mixing ratio of 3: 1, 2: 1, 1: 2, 1:
- Sample 1-7 which is a near-infrared reflective film, was prepared in the same manner except that each of the coating solutions mixed in Step 3 was applied and dried to form a dry film thickness of 6.75 nm in this order. Was made.
- Sample 1-8 ⁇ Preparation of Sample 1-8 >>
- the coating solution 1-1 for the high refractive layer was coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight: 80,000) as the coating solution for the high refractive layer, and PAC (polyaluminum chloride (Taki)
- PVA217 polyvinyl alcohol
- PAC polyaluminum chloride
- Sample 1-9 ⁇ Preparation of Sample 1-9 >>
- the tamarind seed gum and polyvinyl alcohol of the coating liquid 1-1 for the high refractive layer were used, and the tamarind seed gum and polyvinyl alcohol PVA217 and PAC of the coating solution 1-1 for the low refractive layer were used.
- Takibine # 1500) manufactured by Ki Chemical Co., Ltd. was used in the same manner except that each was changed to acid-treated gelatin and used as coating solution 1-3 for high refractive layer and coating solution 1-2 for low refractive layer.
- Sample 1-9 which is a near-infrared reflective film composed of -3 and a low refractive layer 1-2 was produced.
- Sample 1-10 which is a near-infrared reflective film composed of a high refractive layer 1-1 and a low refractive layer 1-3, was produced.
- Sample 1-11 instead of the titanium dioxide dispersion 1 of the high-refractive layer coating liquid, a high-refractive layer 1-5 formed by using a zirconium oxide dispersion prepared in the same manner from a zirconium oxide sol was used. Similarly, Sample 1-11, which is a near-infrared reflective film, was produced.
- Sample 1-12 which is a near-infrared reflective film.
- the multilayer coating a slide hopper coating apparatus was used, and the above-mentioned coating solution 1-1 for the low refractive layer and the coating solution 1-1 for the high refractive layer were kept at 45 ° C. and heated to 45 ° C. to a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- the polyethylene terephthalate film six layers were alternately applied in layers.
- a low refractive layer 1-1 dry film thickness: 175 nm
- a mixed layer dry film thickness: 27 nm
- a high refractive layer are formed on a polyethylene terephthalate film.
- a near-infrared reflective film having a laminate (total number of layers: 23) on which 1-1 (dry film thickness: 135 nm) was laminated was prepared.
- the confirmation of the mixed region (mixed layer) between the layers and the measurement of the film thickness are performed by cutting the laminated film and cutting the cut surface with an XPS surface analyzer with a high refractive index material (TiO 2 ) and a low refractive index material (SiO 2 ). This was done by measuring the abundance of.
- Sample 1-13 ⁇ Preparation of Sample 1-13 >> In Sample 1-1, a mixed layer (mixed region) was not applied, and only a low refractive layer and a high refractive layer were prepared. Sample 1-13, which is a near-infrared reflective film, was produced.
- a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) film (thickness: 105 nm) is formed on the highly refractive layer 1-6 by the method using the sputter film forming apparatus described in Example 1 of JP-A-2007-148330.
- a silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) film (thickness: 175 nm) is sequentially formed as a low refractive layer 1-4, and further, a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) film (thickness: 105 nm), a silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) film (Thickness: 175 nm) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) film (thickness: 105 nm) were sequentially laminated to prepare Sample 1-14, which is a near-infrared reflective film.
- Sample 1-15 which is a near-infrared reflective film, was produced by the method described in JP-A No. 2004-123766.
- the refractive index of the high refractive layer 1-7 was 2.17.
- Formation of low refractive layer 1-5) 1 part by mass of silica sol (“IPA-ST” manufactured by NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD.) Having a particle size of 10 to 20 nm (average particle size of 15 nm), 10 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol (reagent special grade manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) as a solvent, and UV curing as a binder 5 parts by mass of a binder (X-12-2400 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 0.6 part of a catalyst (DX-2400 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) were blended and stirred with a stirrer to obtain a low refractive layer coating solution.
- the primary particle diameter of silica sol (refractive index 1.45) was almost uniform, and a slurry having a dispersed particle diameter D50 of 45 nm was obtained.
- the low refractive layer coating solution prepared above was applied to the bar coater No. 1 on the high refractive layer 1-7 of the sample in which the high refractive layer 1-7 was formed on a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m. 08 was applied so that the film thickness after drying was 100 nm, dried at 100 ° C., and then cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays (illuminance 200 to 450 mW / cm 2 ) to form the low refractive layer 1-5. Formed.
- the refractive index of the formed low refractive layer 1-5 was 1.35.
- Sample 1-15 is a near-infrared reflective film having a total of eight layers.
- the first polymer 3M coPEN (90% PEN / 10% PET) (high refractive layer 1-8) and the second polymer Ineos Acrylics PMMA CP71 (low refractive layer 1-6) of 224 layers.
- a multilayer polymer IR mirror film having a thickness of 2 mil (0.005 cm) was produced from the alternating fine layers.
- the film also included an outer coPEN skin layer and a PBL inner layer of the multilayer stack.
- the total thickness of skin and PBL was about 37% of the total film structure.
- the film was first stretched in the MD direction at a stretch ratio of about 3.3: 1 using a longitudinal stretch machine, and then stretched in the TD direction at a stretch ratio of about 4.0: 1 using a tenter.
- the temperature of the tenter was a preheating zone of 135 ° C., a stretching zone of 138 ° C., and a cooling zone of 49 ° C.
- the residence time in the heat set zone was about 10 seconds.
- Sample 1-16 which is a near-infrared reflective film, was produced.
- the back side on the measurement side of each sample is roughened and then light absorption is performed with a black spray to reflect light on the back side.
- the refractive index was determined from the measurement result of the reflectance in the visible light region (400 nm to 700 nm) under the condition of regular reflection at 5 degrees.
- Each of the produced near-infrared reflective film samples 1-1 to 1-16 was cut into 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm, and then marked vertically and horizontally at 2 cm intervals to form a total of 25 blocks of 5 ⁇ 5. Observe from the front of the reflective film and from an oblique angle of 45 degrees to observe the presence or absence of interference unevenness (iris unevenness) caused by uneven refractive index in the surface, and to resist uneven refractive index in the surface according to the following criteria: evaluated.
- the thickness ratio in Table 1 is the maximum metal oxide of the adjacent layer (high refractive layer or low refractive layer) containing only one of the metal oxide particles in the region where the different metal oxide particles are mixed (mixed layer). It is the film thickness ratio (%) to the film thickness where 75% or more of the content rate exists. It can be seen that any of the films having the configuration of the present invention is improved in occurrence of interference unevenness as compared with the comparative film.
- the high-refractive layer coating solutions 2-2 to 2-4 were prepared in the same manner as the high-refractive layer coating solution 2-1, so that the metal oxide particle / water-soluble polymer ratio (F / B) shown in the table was obtained.
- the high refractive layer coating solutions 2-5 to 2-7 were mixed with a titanium oxide sol and a gelatin (Gel) aqueous solution so as to have the F / B shown in the table, and finally were not finished with pure water. Prepared in the same manner as -1.
- the high refractive layer coating solution 2-8 was prepared in the same manner as the high refractive layer coating solution 2-4 except that TiO 2 was replaced with ZrO 2 .
- the high refractive layer coating solution 2-9 was prepared by changing the acid-treated gelatin aqueous solution of the high refractive layer coating solution 2-4 to the same amount of polyvinyl alcohol (1: 1 mixture of PVA203 and PVA217). 4 was prepared in the same manner.
- the low refractive layer coating solutions 2-2 to 2-5 were prepared in the same manner as the low refractive layer coating solution 2-1 so that the metal oxide particle / water-soluble polymer ratio (F / B) shown in Table 1 was obtained.
- the low refractive layer coating solutions 2-6 and 2-7 were prepared by mixing colloidal silica, gelatin aqueous solution and HEC aqueous solution so that the metal oxide particle / water-soluble polymer ratio (F / B) shown in Table 1 was obtained. It was prepared in the same manner as the low refractive layer coating solution 2-1, except that it was not finished with water.
- the low refractive layer coating solution 2-8 was prepared by changing the acid-treated gelatin aqueous solution of the low refractive layer coating solution 2-4 to the same amount of polyvinyl alcohol (1: 1 mixture of PVA203 and PVA217). 4 was prepared in the same manner.
- ⁇ Preparation of Sample 2-1 Using a slide hopper coating apparatus capable of coating 16 layers, the thickness of the coating liquid 2-1 for low refractive layer and the coating liquid 2-1 for high refractive layer was kept at 45 ° C. and heated to 45 ° C. On a 50 ⁇ m polyethylene terephthalate film (A4300 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: double-sided easy-adhesion layer), 8 layers were alternately applied simultaneously. The flow rate of the coating liquid in each layer was set so that the thickness of the dried layer was 175 nm for the low refractive layer and 130 nm for the high refractive layer, assuming that a mixed layer was not possible.
- A4300 polyethylene terephthalate film
- sample 2-1 was prepared by blowing hot air of 80 ° C. and drying.
- Sample 2-8 was prepared in the same manner as Sample 2-1, except that the cold air temperature during setting was 1 ° C.
- Sample 2-9 was prepared in the same manner as Sample 2-1, except that the cold air temperature during setting was 15 ° C.
- Sample 2-10 was prepared in the same manner as Sample 2-4, except that the high refractive layer coating solution 2-4 was changed to the high refractive layer coating solution 2-8.
- Sample 2-11 was the same as Sample 2-4 except that the high refractive layer coating solution 2-4 was changed to the high refractive layer coating solution 2-9 and the low refractive layer coating solution 2-4 was changed to the low refractive layer coating solution 2-8. Created in the same way.
- Sample 2-12 is Sample 2-4 except that the high refractive layer coating solution 2-4 is changed to the high refractive layer coating solution 2-10 and the low refractive layer coating solution 2-4 is changed to the low refractive layer coating solution 2-9. Created in the same way.
- Sample 2-13 Only low refractive index coating solution 2-4 is coated, set and dried on polyethylene terephthalate film, then high refractive layer coating solution 2-4 is coated, set and dried, and then coated with low refractive index. The liquid 2-4 was applied, set, and dried, and this operation was repeated alternately to prepare a sample 2-13 in which 8 layers (16 layers in total) of low refractive layers and high refractive layers were laminated.
- the coextruded film includes the following three polymer components: Component A is a styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer having a refractive index of 1.57 and a density of 1.08; Component B is 1.53 A methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer having a refractive index and a density of 1.13; and Component C is a polymethyl methacrylate having a refractive index of 1.49 and a density of 1.20.
- Component A is a styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer having a refractive index of 1.57 and a density of 1.08
- Component B is 1.53 A methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer having a refractive index and a density of 1.13
- Component C is a polymethyl methacrylate having a refractive index of 1.49 and a density of 1.20.
- a polycarbonate skin layer was provided on both film surfaces to impart mechanical properties.
- This three-component film was coextruded to obtain a 165-layer film having ABCB repeating units.
- the three component feed block has 42 feed slots for component A, 82 feed slots for component B, and 41 feed slots for component C.
- Three separate extruders feedblock each polymer component at a rate of 8.5 kg / hr for component A, 9.0 kg / hr for component B, and 9.8 kg / hr for component C. Supplied to. Further, 6.8 kg / hr polycarbonate was coextruded on both surfaces of the film as a skin layer.
- a film having a layer thickness of component B of 76.3 nanometers and a layer thickness of component C of 156.6 nanometers was obtained.
- the optical thickness ratio fA of the first component A is 1/3
- the optical thickness ratio fB of the second component B is 1/6
- Sample 2-15 A near-infrared reflective film was prepared on a polyethylene terephthalate film (Toyobo A4300: double-sided easy-adhesive layer) having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m by the method described in JP-A-2009-86659.
- TTO-55A rutile type titanium oxide manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., particle size 30 to 50 nm, surface treatment with aluminum hydroxide, refractive index
- the electrodeless mercury lamp made by Fusion UV Systems
- a high refraction layer A was formed on the low refraction layer by the same operation, and a near-infrared reflective film sample 2-15 composed of a three-layer laminated film of high refraction layer / low refraction layer / high refraction layer was prepared. .
- the infrared reflective film sample formed by the simultaneous multilayer of the present invention has a low infrared transmittance, and a high-order peak does not appear in the visible light region, so the visible light transmittance is high. Durability is also good because film formation by aqueous multilayer coating is improved.
- the confirmation of the mixed region (mixed layer) between layers and the measurement of the film thickness are performed by cutting the laminated film and cutting the cut surface with an XPS surface analyzer using a high refractive index material (TiO 2 or ZrO 2 ) and a low refractive index material ( This was done by measuring the abundance of SiO 2 ).
- a high refractive index material TiO 2 or ZrO 2
- a low refractive index material This was done by measuring the abundance of SiO 2 ).
- a third unit a total of 31 layers of low refractive layer, mixed layer, and high refractive layer in which 8 layers each having the same film thickness as the sample 4 are further laminated on the second unit.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
第2の金属酸化物粒子および第2の水溶性高分子を含有する低屈折層と、
前記高屈折層と前記低屈折層との間に位置し、前記第1の金属酸化物粒子、前記第2の金属酸化物粒子、および第3の水溶性高分子を含有する混在層と、
を有する積層ユニットを有し、
前記低屈折層の屈折率は前記高屈折層の屈折率よりも0.1以上小さく、
前記第1の金属酸化物粒子と前記第2の金属酸化物粒子とは異なる金属酸化物である、近赤外反射フィルム。
前記高屈折層と前記低屈折層との間に位置し、前記第1の金属酸化物粒子、前記第2の金属酸化物粒子、および第3の水溶性高分子を含有する混在層と、を有する積層ユニットを有し、前記低屈折層の屈折率は前記高屈折層の屈折率よりも0.1以上小さく、前記第1の金属酸化物粒子と前記第2の金属酸化物粒子とは異なる金属酸化物である、近赤外反射フィルムが提供される。
本発明の近赤外反射フィルムは、高分子フィルムに互いに屈折率が異なる膜(低屈折層12、高屈折層11)を積層させた多層膜(積層ユニット10)を有し、JIS R3106-1998で示される可視光領域の透過率が50%以上で、かつ、波長900nm~1400nmの領域に反射率40%を超える領域を有する。そして、多層膜(積層ユニット10)は、高屈折層11と低屈折層12との間に、第1の金属酸化物粒子および第2の金属酸化物粒子を含有する混在層13を有する。
本発明に用いられるフィルム支持体14としては、種々の樹脂フィルムを用いることができ、ポリオレフィンフィルム(ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等)、ポリエステルフィルム(ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート等)、ポリ塩化ビニル、3酢酸セルロース等を用いることができ、好ましくはポリエステルフィルムである。
高屈折層11は第1の金属酸化物粒子および第1の水溶性高分子を含有して構成され、低屈折層12は第2の金属酸化物粒子および第2水溶性高分子を含有して構成される。そして、第1の金属酸化物粒子と前記第2の金属酸化物粒子とは異なる金属酸化物である。すなわち、フィルム1は、高屈折層および低屈折層に、それぞれ異なる金属酸化物粒子を含有する。したがって、高屈折層は第1の金属酸化物粒子を含有し、第2の金属酸化物粒子を実質的に含有しない層を指し、低屈折層は第2の金属酸化物粒子を含有し、第1の金属酸化物粒子を実質的に含有しない層を指す。高屈折層は第2の金属酸化物粒子を全く含まないことが好ましいが、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で、第2の金属酸化物粒子を含みうる。同様に、低屈折層は第1の金属酸化物粒子を全く含まないことが好ましいが、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で、第1の金属酸化物粒子を含みうる。
本発明においては、少なくとも隣接した2層(高屈折層11及び低屈折層12)の屈折率差が0.1以上であり、好ましくは0.2以上であり、より好ましくは0.3以上であり、更に好ましくは0.45以上である。また、上限には特に制限はないが通常1.4以下である。
本発明においては上記のような高屈折層と低屈折層との交互積層体からなる基本構成を採りつつも、混在層(混在領域)13が、高屈折層11と低屈折層12との間に存在することを特徴としている。これにより、例えば、曲面加工を行ったときに等、面内での屈折率ムラに起因する干渉ムラ(虹彩ムラ)等を軽減することができる。
本発明の金属酸化物粒子(第1の金属酸化物粒子、第2の金属酸化物粒子)は、上記低屈折層、または高屈折層、さらには混在層を構成するときに用いられる。上記の目的で使用される金属酸化物としては、例えば、二酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化亜鉛、合成非晶質シリカ、コロイダルシリカ、アルミナ、コロイダルアルミナ、チタン酸鉛、鉛丹、黄鉛、亜鉛黄、酸化クロム、酸化第二鉄、鉄黒、酸化銅、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、チタン酸ストロンチウム、酸化イットリウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化ユーロピウム、酸化ランタン、ジルコン、酸化スズ、等を挙げることができる。中でも、金属酸化物粒子として、二酸化チタン、二酸化ケイ素、及びアルミナから選ばれた固体微粒子を用いることが好ましい。アルミナまたはアルミナ水和物は、結晶性であっても非晶質であってもよく、また不定形粒子、球状粒子、針状粒子など任意の形状のものを使用することができる。
二酸化チタンゾルの製造方法
ルチル型微粒子二酸化チタンの製造方法における第1の工程は、二酸化チタン水和物をアルカリ金属の水酸化物及びアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の塩基性化合物で処理する工程(工程1)である。
本発明で用いることのできる二酸化ケイ素(シリカ)としては、通常の湿式法で合成されたシリカ、コロイダルシリカ或いは気相法で合成されたシリカ(気相法微粒子シリカ)等が好ましく用いられる。本発明において特に好ましく用いられる微粒子シリカとしては、コロイダルシリカまたは気相法で合成された微粒子シリカ(気相法微粒子シリカ)が好ましい。
本発明に係る屈折層(低屈折層12、高屈折層11)、および混在領域(混在層13)においては、バインダーとしてポリビニルアルコール等の合成高分子、ゼラチン、増粘多糖類、無機ポリマー等からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の水溶性高分子(第1の水溶性高分子、第2の水溶性高分子、第3の水溶性高分子)を用いることができる。中でも、後述する同時重層によりフィルムを形成する場合には、水溶性高分子(第1の水溶性高分子、第2の水溶性高分子、第3の水溶性高分子)としてゼラチンを使用することが好ましい。高屈折層11に含まれる第1の水溶性高分子、低屈折層12に含まれる第2の水溶性高分子、混在層13に含まれる第3の水溶性高分子は同一であってもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
本発明に適用可能な合成高分子としては、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール類、ポリビニルピロリドン類、ポリアクリル酸、アクリル酸-アクリルニトリル共重合体、アクリル酸カリウム-アクリルニトリル共重合体、酢酸ビニル-アクリル酸エステル共重合体、若しくはアクリル酸-アクリル酸エステル共重合体などのアクリル系樹脂、スチレン-アクリル酸共重合体、スチレン-メタクリル酸共重合体、スチレン-メタクリル酸-アクリル酸エステル共重合体、スチレン-α-メチルスチレン-アクリル酸共重合体、若しくはスチレン-α-メチルスチレン-アクリル酸-アクリル酸エステル共重合体などのスチレンアクリル酸樹脂、スチレン-スチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム共重合体、スチレン-2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート共重合体、スチレン-2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート-スチレンスルホン酸カリウム共重合体、スチレン-マレイン酸共重合体、スチレン-無水マレイン酸共重合体、ビニルナフタレン-アクリル酸共重合体、ビニルナフタレン-マレイン酸共重合体、酢酸ビニル-マレイン酸エステル共重合体、酢酸ビニル-クロトン酸共重合体、酢酸ビニル-アクリル酸共重合体などの酢酸ビニル系共重合体及びそれらの塩が挙げられる。これらの中で、特に好ましい例としては、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン類及びそれを含有する共重合体が挙げられる。
本発明に適用可能なゼラチン(水膨潤性高分子)としては、石灰処理ゼラチンのほか、酸処理ゼラチンを使用してもよく、さらにゼラチンの加水分解物、ゼラチンの酵素分解物を用いることもできる。これらの水膨潤性高分子は、単独で用いても複数の種類を用いても良い。
本発明で用いることのできる増粘多糖類としては、例えば、一般に知られている天然単純多糖類、天然複合多糖類、合成単純多糖類及び合成複合多糖類に挙げることができ、これら多糖類の詳細については、「生化学事典(第2版),東京化学同人出版」、「食品工業」第31巻(1988)21頁等を参照することができる。
本発明で用いることのできる無機ポリマーとしては、ジルコニウム原子含有化合物あるいはアルミニウム原子含有化合物等の無機ポリマーが挙げられる。
本発明においては、バインダーである水溶性高分子を硬化させるため、硬化剤を使用することが好ましい。
本発明に係る各屈折層(低屈折層12、高屈折層11)、および混在領域(混在層13)においては、更に、金属酸化物粒子の分散性を向上させる目的で、アミノ酸を添加してもよい。
本発明に係る高屈折層および低屈折層ならびに混在領域(混在層)には、必要に応じて各種の添加剤を含有させることが出来る。
本発明の近赤外反射フィルムは、高屈折層11、低屈折層12、混在層13を含む各構成層を、各々単独にあるいは同時に、公知の塗布方式から適宜選択して、支持体上に塗布、乾燥して製造することができる。塗布方式としては、例えば、ロールコーティング法、ロッドバーコーティング法、エアナイフコーティング法、スプレーコーティング法、カーテン塗布方法、あるいは米国特許第2,761,419号、同第2,761,791号公報に記載のホッパーを使用するスライドビード塗布方法、エクストルージョンコート法等が好ましく用いられる。
しかしながら、高屈折層、低屈折層を含む複数の構成層を、公知の塗布方式から適宜選択して、支持体上に水系で同時重層塗布した後、セット、乾燥して製造することがより好ましい。すなわち、本発明の他の一形態によれば、第1の水溶性高分子および第1の金属酸化物粒子を含有する第1の塗布液と、第2の水溶性高分子および第2の金属酸化物粒子を含有する第2の塗布液とを同時重層塗布することにより、屈折率の異なる2つの層と、前記屈折率の異なる2つの層の間に位置する異なる金属酸化物粒子の比率が連続的に変化する混在層と、を形成することを有する、近赤外反射フィルムの製造方法が提供される。
ない。
本発明の近赤外反射フィルムは、幅広い分野に応用することができる。例えば、建物の屋外の窓や自動車窓等長期間太陽光に晒らされる設備(基体)に貼り合せ、熱線反射効果を付与する熱線反射フィルム等の窓貼用フィルム、農業用ビニールハウス用フィルム等として、主として耐候性を高める目的で用いられる。特に、本発明に係る近赤外反射フィルムは、直接もしくは接着剤(接着層)を介してガラスもしくはガラス代替樹脂等の基体に貼合されて好適に使用されうる。本発明に係る近赤外反射フィルムを用いることにより、曲面に加工されても干渉ムラ(虹彩ムラ)の発生がない。
《試料1-1の作製》
(高屈折層用塗布液1-1の調製)
純水の10.3部に、1.0質量%のタマリンドシードガムを130部と、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA217、クラレ社製、重量平均分子量:8万)の5.0質量%溶液の10.3部と、14.8質量%のピコリン酸水溶液を17.3部と、ホウ酸の5.5質量%水溶液の2.58部とを、それぞれ添加、混合した後、下記二酸化チタン分散液1の38.2部を添加、混合して、最後に純水で223部に仕上げて、高屈折層用塗布液1-1を調製した。
体積平均粒径が35nmのルチル型二酸化チタン微粒子を含む20.0質量%二酸化チタンゾルの28.9部と、14.8質量%のピコリン酸水溶液を5.41部と、水酸化リチウムの2.1質量%水溶液の3.92部とを、混合、分散して、二酸化チタン分散液1を調製した。
ポリ塩化アルミニウム(多木化学製、タキバイン#1500)の23.5質量%水溶液を9.18部と、コロイダルシリカ(日産化学社製、スノーテックスOS、平均粒子径:10nm)の10質量%水溶液を510部と、ホウ酸の5.5質量%水溶液の103.4部と、水酸化リチウムの2.1質量%水溶液の4.75部とを、混合、分散し、純水で1000部に仕上げて、二酸化ケイ素分散液1を調製した。
上記高屈折層塗布液1-1と低屈折層塗布液1-1を1:1の比率で混合し、混在領域塗布液1-1を調製した。
上記調製した低屈折層用塗布液1-1を45℃に保温しながら、45℃に加温した厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上に、乾燥膜厚が175nmとなる条件で、ワイヤーバーを用いて塗布し、次いで、膜面が15℃以下となる条件で冷風を1分間吹き付けてセットさせた後、80℃の温風を吹き付けて乾燥させて、低屈折層1-1を形成した。
次いで、混在領域塗布液1-1を45℃に保温しながら、45℃に加温した上記ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの低屈折層1-1上に、乾燥膜厚が5.4nmとなる条件で、ワイヤーバーを用いて塗布し、次いで、膜面が15℃以下となる条件で冷風を1分間吹き付けてセットさせた後、80℃の温風を吹き付けて乾燥させて、混在層(混在領域)1を形成した。
さらに、高屈折層用塗布液1-1を45℃に保温しながら、45℃に加温した上記ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの混在領域1上に、乾燥膜厚が135nmとなる条件で、ワイヤーバーを用いて塗布し、次いで、膜面が15℃以下となる条件で冷風を1分間吹き付けてセットさせた後、80℃の温風を吹き付けて乾燥させて、高屈折層1-1を形成した。
低屈折層1-1/混在層1/高屈折層1-1上に、同様にして低屈折層1-1/混在層1/高屈折層1-1から構成されるユニットを更に5ユニット積層し、合計6ユニット(18層)から構成された交互積層膜を形成した後、最上層にさらに低屈折層1-1を積層した近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-1を作製した。
試料1-1において、混在層(混在領域)の乾燥膜厚が6.75nmとなる条件で混在領域を形成した以外は同様に、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-2を作製した。
試料1-1において、混在層(混在領域)を、低屈折層用塗布液1-1と高屈折層用塗布液1-1を混合比率2:1と1:2でそれぞれ混合した塗布液を、この順でそれぞれ6.75nmの乾燥膜厚となるよう2層で塗布・乾燥し形成した以外は同様にして、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-3を作製した。
試料1-1において、混在層(混在領域)を、低屈折層用塗布液1-1と高屈折層用塗布液1-1を混合比率4:1、3:1、2:1、1:2、1:3、1:4でそれぞれ混合した塗布液を、この順でそれぞれ6.75nmの乾燥膜厚となるよう6層、それぞれ塗布・乾燥し形成した以外は同様にして、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-4を作製した。
試料1-1において、混在層(混在領域)を、低屈折層用塗布液1-1と高屈折層用塗布液1-1を混合比率5:1、4:1、3:1、2:1、1.5:1、1:1.5、1:2、1:3、1:4、1:5でそれぞれ混合した塗布液を、この順で、それぞれ6.75nmの乾燥膜厚となるよう10層、それぞれ塗布・乾燥し形成した以外は同様にして、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-5を作製した。
試料1-1において、混在層(混在領域)を、低屈折層用塗布液1-1と高屈折層用塗布液1-1を混合比率5:1、4:1、3:1、2:1、1.5:1、1:1、1:1.5、1:2、1:3、1:4、1:5でそれぞれ混合した塗布液を、この順で、それぞれ6.38nmの乾燥膜厚となるよう11層、それぞれ塗布・乾燥し形成した以外は同様にして、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-6を作製した。
試料1-1において、混在層(混在領域)を、低屈折層用塗布液1-1と高屈折層用塗布液1-1を混合比率3:1、2:1、1:2、1:3でそれぞれ混合した塗布液を、この順でそれぞれ6.75nmの乾燥膜厚となるよう4層、それぞれ塗布・乾燥し形成した以外は同様にして、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-7を作製した。
試料1-7において、高屈折層用塗布液1-1を、高屈折層用塗布液のポリビニルアルコール(PVA217、クラレ社製、重量平均分子量:8万)を、PAC(ポリ塩化アルミニウム(多木化学製、タキバイン#1500))に変えた高屈折層11とした以外は同様にして近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-8を作製した。
試料1-7において、高屈折層用塗布液1-1のタマリンドシードガム及びポリビニルアルコールを、また低屈折層用塗布液1-1のタマリンドシードガム及びポリビニルアルコールPVA217およびPAC(ポリ塩化アルミニウム(多木化学製、タキバイン#1500))を、それぞれ全て酸処理ゼラチンに変え、高屈折層用塗布液1-3、低屈折層用塗布液1-2として用いた以外は同様にして高屈折層1-3および低屈折層1-2から構成される近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-9を作製した。
試料1-7において、高屈折層用塗布液1-1を、高屈折層用塗布液のタマリンドシードガムをポリビニルアルコール(PVA203、クラレ社製)に代えた高屈折層用塗布液1-4に、また低屈折層塗布液のPAC(ポリ塩化アルミニウム)及びタマリンドシードガムを、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA203、クラレ社製)に代えた低屈折層用塗布液1-3とそれぞれ変えた以外は同様にして高屈折層1-1および低屈折層1-3から構成される近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-10を作製した。
試料1-7において、高屈折層塗布液の二酸化チタン分散液1に代えて、同様にして酸化ジルコニウムゾルから調製した酸化ジルコニウム分散液を用いることで形成した高屈折層1-5とした以外は同様にして、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-11を作製した。
低屈折層1-1と高屈折層1-1をこの層順で計12層、同時重層を行って、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-12を作製した。
試料1-1において、混在層(混在領域)の塗布を行わず、低屈折層と高屈折層のみで構成したものを作製した。近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-13を作製した。
厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上に、特開2007-148330号公報実施例1に記載のスパッタ成膜装置を用いる方法により二酸化チタン(TiO2)膜(厚さ105nm)を高屈折層1-6として、また、二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)膜(厚さ175nm)を低屈折層1-4として順次作製し、更に、二酸化チタン(TiO2)膜(厚さ105nm)、二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)膜(厚さ175nm)、二酸化チタン(TiO2)膜(厚さ105nm)を順次積層し、近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-14を作製した。
特開2004-123766号公報に記載の方法により近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-15を作製した。
イソプロピルアルコール(和光純薬、試薬特級)を100質量部、ピリジン(和光純薬、試薬特級)を3質量部、エチルシリケート溶液(コルコート社製、HAS-1、有効成分30質量%)を5質量部、ルチル型二酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業社製、TTO-55)を10質量部、それぞれ配合した後、ボールミルにて4時間分散させ、分散粒子径がD50で20nmに達したのを確認した後、紫外線硬化バインダー(信越化学工業製 X-12-2400、有効成分30質量%)を1.5質量部、触媒(信越化学工業製DX-2400)を0.15質量部配合し、ボールミルにて1時間分散させ、分散粒子径がD50で16nmに達したのを確認し、これを高屈折率塗布液とした。これを厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(PETフィルムともいう)に、バーコーターNo.08を用いて、乾燥後の膜厚が100nmになるように塗布し、100℃で乾燥した後、紫外線を照射(照度200~450mW/cm2)して硬化させ、高屈折層1-7を形成した。高屈折層1-7の屈折率は、2.17であった。
粒子径が10~20nm(平均粒子径15nm)のシリカゾル(日産化学工業製「IPA-ST」)1質量部、溶媒としてイソプロピルアルコール(和光純薬製 試薬特級)を10質量部、バインダーとして紫外線硬化バインダー(信越化学工業製 X-12-2400)を5質量部、触媒(信越化学工業製 DX-2400)0.6部を配合し、スターラーで攪拌して低屈折層塗布液を得た。シリカゾル(屈折率1.45)の一次粒子径はほぼ揃っており、また分散粒子径D50が45nmのスラリーを得た。
更に、高屈折層1-7と低屈折層1-5を交互に3層ずつ積層し、合計が8層の近赤外反射フィルムである試料1-15を作製した。
特表2004-503402号公報に記載の方法により多層ポリマーミラーフィルムを作製した。
作製した近赤外反射フィルム試料1-1~1-16について評価した。
基材上に屈折率を測定する対象層(高屈折層、低屈折層)をそれぞれ単層で塗設したサンプルを作成し、下記の方法に従って、各高屈折層及び低屈折層の屈折率を求めた。
上記作製した近赤外反射フィルム試料1-1~1-16をそれぞれ10cm×10cmに裁断した後、縦横に2cm間隔で印を付けて、5×5の計25ブロックを形成し、近赤外反射フィルムの正面観察と、斜め45度から観察して、面内での屈折率ムラに起因する干渉ムラ(虹彩ムラ)の有無を観察し、下記の基準に従って面内での屈折率ムラ耐性を評価した。
4:25ブロック中、1ブロックで弱い干渉ムラの発生が認められる
3:25ブロック中、2~5ブロックの範囲で干渉ムラの発生が認められる
2:25ブロック中、6~10ブロックの範囲で干渉ムラの発生が認められる
1:25ブロック中、11ブロック以上で強い干渉ムラの発生が認められる
(近赤外透過率の測定)
上記分光光度計(積分球使用、日立製作所社製、U-4000型)を用いて透過率を測定した。近赤外透過率として1200nmにおける透過率の値を用いた。値が小さいほど近赤外反射能に優れることを示している。
(高屈折層塗布液2-1の調製)
20.0質量%酸化チタンゾル(体積平均粒径35nm、ルチル型酸化チタン粒子)15.2gに、5.0質量%の酸処理ゼラチン水溶液225gを撹拌しながら徐々に添加、混合した。次いで界面活性剤として、5.0質量%の2-DB-500E(日油株式会社製)を0.43g添加し、純水で450mlに仕上げることで高屈折層用塗布液2-1を調製した。
高屈折層塗布液2-2~2-4は表の金属酸化物粒子/水溶性高分子比率(F/B)になるように高屈折層塗布液2-1と同様に調製した。
21.4質量%コロイダルシリカ(平均粒子径:10nm)14.2gに、5.0質量%の酸処理ゼラチン水溶液330gと1.0質量%のヒドロキシエチルセルロース(HEC)127gを撹拌しながら徐々に添加、混合した。次いで界面活性剤として、5.0質量%の2-DB-500E(日油株式会社製)を0.64g添加し、純水で650mlに仕上げることで低屈折層用塗布液2-1を調製した。
低屈折層塗布液2-2~2-5は表1の金属酸化物粒子/水溶性高分子比率(F/B)になるように低屈折層塗布液2-1と同様に調製した。
16層重層塗布可能なスライドホッパー塗布装置を用い、前記の低屈折層用塗布液2-1及び高屈折層用塗布液2-1を45℃に保温しながら、45℃に加温した厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡製A4300:両面易接着層)上に、それぞれ交互に8層ずつ、同時重層塗布を行った。各層の塗布液の流量は混合層ができないと仮定したときに乾燥時の膜厚が低屈折層は各層175nm、高屈折層は各層130nmになるように設定した。
試料2-2~2-7は各々高屈折層塗布液2-1を高屈折層塗布液2-2~2-7に、低屈折層塗布液2-1を低屈折層塗布液2-2~2-7に変更した以外は試料2-1と同様にして作成した。
低屈折率塗布液2-4のみをポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上に塗布、セット、乾燥を行い、その上に高屈折層塗布液2-4を塗布、セット、乾燥し、さらにその上に低屈折率塗布液2-4を塗布、セット、乾燥し、この作業を交互に繰り返すことで、低屈折層および高屈折層をそれぞれ8層(合計16層)積層させた試料2-13を作成した。
特許第3067863号公報記載のとおりに、3成分系多層光学干渉フィルムを作成し。これによって太陽光の赤外線を反射するみかけ上透明なフィルムを得た。同時押出されたフィルムは、以下の3つのポリマー成分を含む:成分Aは、1.57の屈折率と1.08の密度を有するスチレン-メチルメタクリレートコポリマーであり;成分Bは、1.53の屈折率と1.13の密度を有するメチルメタクリレート-スチレンコポリマーであり;そして成分Cは、1.49の屈折率と1.20の密度を有するポリメチルメタクリレートである。機械的特性を付与するためポリカーボネートのスキン層を、両方のフィルム表面上に設けた。この3成分フィルムを同時押出して、ABCBの繰り返し単位を有する165層フィルムとした。3成分フィードブロックは、成分Aに対しては42個のフィードスロットを、成分Bに対しては82個のフィードスロットを、そして成分Cに対しては41個のフィードスロットを有する。3つの個別の押出機が、それぞれのポリマー成分を、成分Aに関しては8.5kg/hr、成分Bに関しては9.0kg/hr、そして成分Cに関しては9.8kg/hrの割合にてフィードブロックに供給した。さらに、スキン層として、6.8kg/hrのポリカーボネートをフィルムの両表面上に同時押出した。約0.9ミル(1mil=25.3995μm)のフィルム厚さで1400ナノメーターにて強い一次反射率を示すよう、フィルムの引落率を調整し、成分Aの層厚さが148.6ナノメーター、成分Bの層厚さが76.3ナノメーター、及び成分Cの層厚さが156.6ナノメーターであるようなフィルムを得た。第1成分Aの光学的厚さ比fAは1/3であり、第2成分Bの光学的厚さ比fBは1/6であり、第3成分Cの光学的厚さ比fCは1/3であり、そしてnB=(nA・nC)0。5である近赤外反射フィルム試料2-14を得た。
厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡製A4300:両面易接着層)上に、特開2009-86659号公報記載の方法にて近赤外反射フィルムを作成した。
ルチル型酸化チタン(石原産業株式会社製「TTO-55A」、粒径30~50nm、水酸化アルミニウム表面処理品、屈折率2.6)を109質量部、分散剤としてポリエチレンイミン系ブロックポリマーを11質量部、ポリプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA、和光純薬株式会社製)180質量部を、直径0.5mmのジルコニアビーズ141質量部を用いてビーズミル分散機で24分間分散させた後、直径0.1mmのジルコニアビーズに切り替えてビーズミル分散機で147分間分散させることにより、分散液Aを得た。
バインダー樹脂として4,4′-ビス(β-メタクリロイルオキシエチルチオ)ジフェニルスルホン(硬化後の屈折率1.65)を50質量%、重合開始剤として2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイドを0.25質量%含有するPGMEA溶液を調製し、溶液Aとした。
分散液Aと溶液Aの質量混合比1:7の混合液を調製し、溶液Bとした。
溶液BとPGMEAの質量混合比1:2の混合液を調製し、溶液Cとした。
溶液Cを厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡製A4300:両面易接着層)上に、2ml滴下し、1000rpm、30秒の条件でスピンコーター(ミカサ株式会社製1H-D7)により塗布した後、120℃で10分間加熱した。その後、出力184W/cmの無電極水銀ランプ(フュージョンUVシステムズ社製)を用いて積算光量2.8J/cm2の紫外線を照射することにより高屈折層Aを得た。
作製した近赤外反射フィルム試料2-1~2-15について評価した。各層の屈折率、近赤外透過率の測定は試料1-1~1-16における評価と同様の方法を用いて行った。
上記分光光度計(積分球使用、日立製作所社製、U-4000型)を用い、各近赤外反射フィルムの300nm~2000nmの領域における透過率を測定した。可視光透過率は550nmにおける透過率の値を用いた。
JIS A 5759:2008の耐候性試験方法に基づいて、JIS B 7753:2007に規定するサンシャインカーボンアーク灯式耐候性試験機を用いて促進耐光性試験を1000時間行った後のフィルムの状態を観察し、下記の基準に従って耐久性を評価した。通常条件の120分照射中に18分間水噴霧の条件で行った。
◎:赤外反射フィルムの層間の膜はがれもフィルム表面の異常も観察されない
○:赤外反射フィルムの層間に膜はがれは観察されないが、フィルム表面の縁部にわずかに浮き上がった部分が観察される
△:赤外反射フィルムの層間に、膜はがれがわずかに観察され、フィルム表面もわずかに波立っている
×:赤外反射フィルムの層間で膜はがれが発生し、フィルム表面にうねりが発生している
以上について結果を表3に示す。
上記試料2-4と同様にして、低屈折層、高屈折層の膜厚を1.38倍した層を各8層ずつ積層した第1のユニット(低屈折層、混在層、高屈折層の合計層数31層)と、第1のユニット上に試料2-4に対して膜厚を1.15倍した層を各8層積層した第2のユニット(低屈折層、混在層、高屈折層の合計層数31層)と、第2のユニット上にさらに試料4と同じ膜厚で各8層積層した第3のユニット(低屈折層、混在層、高屈折層の合計層数31層)のTotal93層の赤外反射フィルムを形成した。
10 積層ユニット
11 高屈折層、
12 低屈折層、
13 混在層、
14 フィルム支持体、
20 部分領域。
Claims (9)
- 第1の金属酸化物粒子および第1の水溶性高分子を含有する高屈折層と、
第2の金属酸化物粒子および第2の水溶性高分子を含有する低屈折層と、
前記高屈折層と前記低屈折層との間に位置し、前記第1の金属酸化物粒子、前記第2の金属酸化物粒子、および第3の水溶性高分子を含有する混在層と、
を有する積層ユニットを有し、
前記低屈折層の屈折率は前記高屈折層の屈折率よりも0.1以上小さく、
前記第1の金属酸化物粒子と前記第2の金属酸化物粒子とは異なる金属酸化物である、近赤外反射フィルム。 - 前記混在層の厚みが、第1の金属酸化物粒子または第2の金属酸化物粒子の一方の金属酸化物粒子のみを含有する隣接層の最大金属酸化物含有率の75%以上が存在する膜厚に対して5~50%である、請求項1に記載の近赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記混在層において、前記第1の金属酸化物粒子と前記第2の金属酸化物粒子との比率が連続的に変化する、請求項1または2に記載の近赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記混在層は、前記高屈折層と前記低屈折層とを構成する塗布液を同時重層塗布することにより設けられる、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の近赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記高屈折層または前記低屈折層において、前記水溶性高分子と前記金属酸化物粒子との質量比(水溶性高分子の質量/金属酸化物粒子の質量)が0.3~10の範囲である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記積層ユニットは、光学膜厚が異なる複数の高屈折層および低屈折層が積層されて構成される、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の赤外反射フィルム。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の近赤外反射フィルムが基体の少なくとも一方の面に設けられたことを特徴とする近赤外反射体。
- 第1の水溶性高分子および第1の金属酸化物粒子を含有する第1の塗布液と、第2の水溶性高分子および第2の金属酸化物粒子を含有する第2の塗布液とを同時重層塗布することにより、屈折率の異なる2つの層と、前記屈折率の異なる2つの層の間に位置する異なる金属酸化物粒子の比率が連続的に変化する混在層と、を形成することを有する、近赤外反射フィルムの製造方法。
- 前記第1の塗布液および前記第2の塗布液の同時重層塗布からセットするまでの時間を5分以内にする、請求項8に記載の赤外反射フィルム。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/881,909 US9470827B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-26 | Near-infrared reflective film, method for producing same, and near-infrared reflector provided with near-infrared reflective film |
CN201180051207.6A CN103180764B (zh) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-26 | 近红外反射膜、其制造方法及设有近红外反射膜的近红外反射体 |
EP11836332.4A EP2634610B1 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-26 | Near-infrared reflective film, method for producing same, and near-infrared reflector provided with near-infrared reflective film |
JP2012540903A JP5880438B2 (ja) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-26 | 近赤外反射フィルム、その製造方法及び近赤外反射フィルムを設けた近赤外反射体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010240511 | 2010-10-27 | ||
JP2010-240511 | 2010-10-27 | ||
JP2010-274489 | 2010-12-09 | ||
JP2010274489 | 2010-12-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012057199A1 true WO2012057199A1 (ja) | 2012-05-03 |
Family
ID=45993905
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/074663 WO2012057199A1 (ja) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-26 | 近赤外反射フィルム、その製造方法及び近赤外反射フィルムを設けた近赤外反射体 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9470827B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2634610B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5880438B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103180764B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012057199A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014034519A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 多層構造および貼合せ構造体 |
WO2015056594A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 赤外遮蔽フィルムおよび合わせガラス |
EP2873993A4 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-03-09 | Konica Minolta Inc | INFRARED SHIELDING LAYER |
JP2016224334A (ja) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-28 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学フィルムの製造方法 |
JPWO2015098767A1 (ja) * | 2013-12-27 | 2017-03-23 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学反射フィルム |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5967099B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-31 | 2016-08-10 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学反射フィルム及びそれを用いた光学反射体 |
JPWO2014069507A1 (ja) * | 2012-11-02 | 2016-09-08 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学反射フィルム、赤外遮蔽フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
US10894385B2 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2021-01-19 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Optical reflective film |
KR102063062B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-06 | 2020-01-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 적외선 반사 필름, 및 이를 포함하는 창호 |
EP3640688B1 (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2022-10-05 | Essilor International | Optical article having an interferential coating with an improved abrasion-resistance |
CN110707233B (zh) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-02-23 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | 显示面板及显示装置 |
JP2024511009A (ja) * | 2021-03-15 | 2024-03-12 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 多層光学フィルム |
CN113481483B (zh) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-04-28 | 杭州科汀光学技术有限公司 | 一种用于阵列波导的镀膜方法 |
Citations (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2761791A (en) | 1955-02-23 | 1956-09-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of multiple coating |
JPS5714091A (en) | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-25 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Recording medium for ink jet recording |
JPS5774193A (en) | 1980-10-28 | 1982-05-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Ink jet recording picture forming method |
JPS5774192A (en) | 1980-10-28 | 1982-05-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Ink jet recording picture forming method |
JPS5787988A (en) | 1980-11-21 | 1982-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ink jet recording paper |
JPS5787989A (en) | 1980-11-21 | 1982-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ink jet recording paper |
JPS5942993A (ja) | 1982-09-03 | 1984-03-09 | Canon Inc | インクジエツト記録方法 |
JPS5952689A (ja) | 1982-09-17 | 1984-03-27 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録用シート |
JPS5971316A (ja) | 1982-10-16 | 1984-04-23 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 水分散性被覆組成物 |
JPS6072785A (ja) | 1983-09-30 | 1985-04-24 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPS60127371A (ja) | 1983-12-13 | 1985-07-08 | Hoechst Gosei Kk | コロイダルシリカを主体とした無機質塗装材 |
JPS60219084A (ja) | 1984-04-16 | 1985-11-01 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジエツト用記録媒体 |
JPS60219083A (ja) | 1984-04-16 | 1985-11-01 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジエツト用記録媒体 |
JPS6110483A (ja) | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-17 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS6120792A (ja) | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-29 | Copal Co Ltd | リボンカセツト |
JPS61146591A (ja) | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-04 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPS61188183A (ja) | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-21 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS61237681A (ja) | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-22 | Teijin Ltd | 記録シ−ト |
JPS61242871A (ja) | 1985-04-22 | 1986-10-29 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS62261476A (ja) | 1986-05-08 | 1987-11-13 | Canon Inc | 被記録材およびそれを用いた記録方法 |
JPS62280069A (ja) | 1986-05-30 | 1987-12-04 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS6317807A (ja) | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-25 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 作物増収および植物生長促進剤 |
JPS63307979A (ja) | 1987-06-10 | 1988-12-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | インクジエツト記録用シ−ト |
JPH0195091A (ja) | 1987-10-08 | 1989-04-13 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | インクジェット用記録媒体の製造方法 |
JPH01206088A (ja) | 1988-02-12 | 1989-08-18 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPH0313376A (ja) | 1989-06-09 | 1991-01-22 | Canon Inc | 被記録材及びこれを用いたインクジェット記録方法 |
JPH0367863B2 (ja) | 1984-12-03 | 1991-10-24 | Armstrong World Ind Inc | |
JPH0493284A (ja) | 1990-08-09 | 1992-03-26 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | 記録媒体 |
JPH04219266A (ja) | 1990-11-30 | 1992-08-10 | Oji Paper Co Ltd | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPH05278324A (ja) | 1992-04-04 | 1993-10-26 | Toray Ind Inc | 記録シート |
JPH0692011A (ja) | 1992-09-09 | 1994-04-05 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録用シート |
JPH06183134A (ja) | 1992-12-16 | 1994-07-05 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH06297830A (ja) | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Teijin Ltd | 記録シート |
WO1994026530A1 (en) | 1993-05-13 | 1994-11-24 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited | Ink jet recording sheet |
JPH079758A (ja) | 1993-06-23 | 1995-01-13 | Canon Inc | 記録媒体及びこれを用いたインクジェット記録方法 |
JPH0781214A (ja) | 1993-07-21 | 1995-03-28 | Toray Ind Inc | 記録シート |
JPH07101142A (ja) | 1993-05-21 | 1995-04-18 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH07137431A (ja) | 1993-11-15 | 1995-05-30 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH07179029A (ja) | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-18 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH07285265A (ja) | 1994-04-18 | 1995-10-31 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 水性インク用記録材 |
JPH0825795A (ja) | 1994-07-18 | 1996-01-30 | Canon Inc | 記録媒体及びこれを用いた画像形成方法 |
JP2004503402A (ja) | 2000-06-09 | 2004-02-05 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 防皺性赤外反射フィルム、およびそれから製造される非平面積層物品 |
JP2004123766A (ja) | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-22 | Toto Ltd | コーティング用組成物 |
JP2007148330A (ja) | 2005-11-04 | 2007-06-14 | Central Glass Co Ltd | 近赤外線反射基板およびそれを用いた近赤外線反射合わせガラス |
JP2009086659A (ja) | 2007-09-13 | 2009-04-23 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 熱線遮蔽膜及びその積層体 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3762689D1 (de) * | 1986-01-21 | 1990-06-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Strahlungsbildspeicherplatte. |
FR2759360B1 (fr) * | 1997-02-10 | 1999-03-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Materiau polymerique inorganique a base d'oxyde de tantale notamment a indice de refraction eleve, mecaniquement resistant a l'abrasion, son procede de fabrication et materiau optique comprenant ce materiau |
JP2000028804A (ja) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-01-28 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 反射防止積層体およびその製造方法 |
JP2002341103A (ja) * | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-27 | Lintec Corp | 光学用フィルム |
JP4423119B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-16 | 2010-03-03 | キヤノン株式会社 | 反射防止膜及びそれを用いた光学素子 |
JP2006113175A (ja) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-04-27 | Konica Minolta Opto Inc | 光学フィルム、偏光板及び表示装置 |
TWI427336B (zh) * | 2004-12-28 | 2014-02-21 | Fujifilm Corp | 光學補償片、其製法及使用它之偏光板和液晶顯示裝置 |
JP2006227568A (ja) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-08-31 | Konica Minolta Opto Inc | 反射防止膜、光学素子及び光送受信モジュール |
EP1942356A4 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2012-04-18 | Central Glass Co Ltd | SUBSTRATE REFLECTING NEAR INFRARED RADIATION AND LAMINATED GLASS REFLECTING NEAR INFRARED RADIATION EMPLOYING THIS SUBSTRATE, AS WELL AS DOUBLE LAYER LAYER REFLECTING NEAR INFRARED RADIATION |
CN101288007A (zh) * | 2005-10-26 | 2008-10-15 | 中央硝子株式会社 | 近红外线反射基板和利用该基板的近红外线反射层叠玻璃、近红外线反射双层玻璃 |
JP2007256651A (ja) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-10-04 | Fujifilm Corp | 光学フィルムの製造方法、光学フィルム、反射防止フィルム、偏光板、及び画像表示装置 |
JPWO2008001675A1 (ja) * | 2006-06-27 | 2009-11-26 | 株式会社ニコン | 光学多層薄膜、光学素子、及び光学多層薄膜の製造方法 |
WO2008011919A1 (de) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Ilford Imaging Switzerland Gmbh | Flexible materialien fuer optische anwendungen |
US8194322B2 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2012-06-05 | Nikon Corporation | Multilayer-film reflective mirror, exposure apparatus, device manufacturing method, and manufacturing method of multilayer-film reflective mirror |
US20100218703A1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2010-09-02 | Patrice Bujard | Optical variable effect pigments |
JP2009086533A (ja) * | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-23 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp | 赤外用多層膜、赤外反射防止膜及び赤外レーザ用反射ミラー |
EP2128658A3 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2011-05-11 | Fujinon Corporation | Reflection reducing film, optical member and optical system |
JP2010204346A (ja) | 2009-03-03 | 2010-09-16 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 光学フィルムの製造方法 |
JP2010231172A (ja) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-10-14 | Seiko Epson Corp | 光学物品およびその製造方法 |
-
2011
- 2011-10-26 JP JP2012540903A patent/JP5880438B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-26 CN CN201180051207.6A patent/CN103180764B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-26 EP EP11836332.4A patent/EP2634610B1/en active Active
- 2011-10-26 US US13/881,909 patent/US9470827B2/en active Active
- 2011-10-26 WO PCT/JP2011/074663 patent/WO2012057199A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2761791A (en) | 1955-02-23 | 1956-09-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of multiple coating |
US2761419A (en) | 1955-02-23 | 1956-09-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Multiple coating apparatus |
JPS5714091A (en) | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-25 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Recording medium for ink jet recording |
JPS5774193A (en) | 1980-10-28 | 1982-05-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Ink jet recording picture forming method |
JPS5774192A (en) | 1980-10-28 | 1982-05-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Ink jet recording picture forming method |
JPS5787988A (en) | 1980-11-21 | 1982-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ink jet recording paper |
JPS5787989A (en) | 1980-11-21 | 1982-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ink jet recording paper |
JPS5942993A (ja) | 1982-09-03 | 1984-03-09 | Canon Inc | インクジエツト記録方法 |
JPS5952689A (ja) | 1982-09-17 | 1984-03-27 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録用シート |
JPS5971316A (ja) | 1982-10-16 | 1984-04-23 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 水分散性被覆組成物 |
JPS6072785A (ja) | 1983-09-30 | 1985-04-24 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPS60127371A (ja) | 1983-12-13 | 1985-07-08 | Hoechst Gosei Kk | コロイダルシリカを主体とした無機質塗装材 |
JPS60219084A (ja) | 1984-04-16 | 1985-11-01 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジエツト用記録媒体 |
JPS60219083A (ja) | 1984-04-16 | 1985-11-01 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジエツト用記録媒体 |
JPS6110483A (ja) | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-17 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS6120792A (ja) | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-29 | Copal Co Ltd | リボンカセツト |
JPH0367863B2 (ja) | 1984-12-03 | 1991-10-24 | Armstrong World Ind Inc | |
JPS61146591A (ja) | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-04 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPS61188183A (ja) | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-21 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS61237681A (ja) | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-22 | Teijin Ltd | 記録シ−ト |
JPS61242871A (ja) | 1985-04-22 | 1986-10-29 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS62261476A (ja) | 1986-05-08 | 1987-11-13 | Canon Inc | 被記録材およびそれを用いた記録方法 |
JPS62280069A (ja) | 1986-05-30 | 1987-12-04 | Canon Inc | 被記録材 |
JPS6317807A (ja) | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-25 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 作物増収および植物生長促進剤 |
JPS63307979A (ja) | 1987-06-10 | 1988-12-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | インクジエツト記録用シ−ト |
JPH0195091A (ja) | 1987-10-08 | 1989-04-13 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | インクジェット用記録媒体の製造方法 |
JPH01206088A (ja) | 1988-02-12 | 1989-08-18 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPH0313376A (ja) | 1989-06-09 | 1991-01-22 | Canon Inc | 被記録材及びこれを用いたインクジェット記録方法 |
JPH0493284A (ja) | 1990-08-09 | 1992-03-26 | Dainichiseika Color & Chem Mfg Co Ltd | 記録媒体 |
JPH04219266A (ja) | 1990-11-30 | 1992-08-10 | Oji Paper Co Ltd | インクジェット記録用紙 |
JPH05278324A (ja) | 1992-04-04 | 1993-10-26 | Toray Ind Inc | 記録シート |
JPH0692011A (ja) | 1992-09-09 | 1994-04-05 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録用シート |
JPH06183134A (ja) | 1992-12-16 | 1994-07-05 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH06297830A (ja) | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Teijin Ltd | 記録シート |
WO1994026530A1 (en) | 1993-05-13 | 1994-11-24 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited | Ink jet recording sheet |
JPH07101142A (ja) | 1993-05-21 | 1995-04-18 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH079758A (ja) | 1993-06-23 | 1995-01-13 | Canon Inc | 記録媒体及びこれを用いたインクジェット記録方法 |
JPH0781214A (ja) | 1993-07-21 | 1995-03-28 | Toray Ind Inc | 記録シート |
JPH07137431A (ja) | 1993-11-15 | 1995-05-30 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH07179029A (ja) | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-18 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | インクジェット記録シート |
JPH07285265A (ja) | 1994-04-18 | 1995-10-31 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 水性インク用記録材 |
JPH0825795A (ja) | 1994-07-18 | 1996-01-30 | Canon Inc | 記録媒体及びこれを用いた画像形成方法 |
JP2004503402A (ja) | 2000-06-09 | 2004-02-05 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 防皺性赤外反射フィルム、およびそれから製造される非平面積層物品 |
JP2004123766A (ja) | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-22 | Toto Ltd | コーティング用組成物 |
JP2007148330A (ja) | 2005-11-04 | 2007-06-14 | Central Glass Co Ltd | 近赤外線反射基板およびそれを用いた近赤外線反射合わせガラス |
JP2009086659A (ja) | 2007-09-13 | 2009-04-23 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 熱線遮蔽膜及びその積層体 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
"Encyclopedia of Biochemistry", vol. 31, 1988, TOKYO KAGAKU DOJIN, article "Food Industry", pages: 21 |
"the Encyclopedia of Chemistry", vol. 1, 1960, KYORITSU SHUPPAN CO., LTD, pages: 268 - 270 |
"Titanium Oxide - Physical Properties and Applied Technology", 2000, GIHODO SHUPPAN CO., LTD., pages: 255 - 258 |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2873993A4 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-03-09 | Konica Minolta Inc | INFRARED SHIELDING LAYER |
WO2014034519A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 多層構造および貼合せ構造体 |
JP2014046597A (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-17 | Fujifilm Corp | 多層構造および貼合せ構造体 |
CN104602906A (zh) * | 2012-08-31 | 2015-05-06 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 多层结构和贴合结构体 |
US9971077B2 (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2018-05-15 | Fujifilm Corporation | Multilayer structure and laminate structure |
WO2015056594A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 赤外遮蔽フィルムおよび合わせガラス |
JPWO2015098767A1 (ja) * | 2013-12-27 | 2017-03-23 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学反射フィルム |
JP2016224334A (ja) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-28 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学フィルムの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103180764A (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
US9470827B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
EP2634610A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
EP2634610A4 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
JP5880438B2 (ja) | 2016-03-09 |
JPWO2012057199A1 (ja) | 2014-05-12 |
US20130215501A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
CN103180764B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
EP2634610B1 (en) | 2020-03-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5880438B2 (ja) | 近赤外反射フィルム、その製造方法及び近赤外反射フィルムを設けた近赤外反射体 | |
JP6115675B2 (ja) | 光学反射フィルム及びそれを用いた光学反射体 | |
JP6070550B2 (ja) | 光学反射フィルム | |
WO2013105527A1 (ja) | 赤外遮蔽フィルム | |
WO2016017604A1 (ja) | 光学フィルム及び光学フィルムの製造方法 | |
JP5939257B2 (ja) | 近赤外遮蔽フィルムおよび近赤外遮蔽体 | |
JP5910497B2 (ja) | 近赤外反射フィルムの製造方法及びそれを設けた近赤外反射体 | |
JP5720685B2 (ja) | 近赤外反射フィルム及びそれを設けた近赤外反射体 | |
JPWO2014069507A1 (ja) | 光学反射フィルム、赤外遮蔽フィルムおよびその製造方法 | |
WO2012014607A1 (ja) | 近赤外反射フィルム及びそれを設けた近赤外反射体 | |
WO2013077274A1 (ja) | 赤外遮蔽フィルム | |
WO2014171494A1 (ja) | 光学反射フィルム、その製造方法およびそれを用いる光学反射体 | |
WO2013105374A1 (ja) | 狭帯域バンドパスフィルター | |
JP2012071446A (ja) | 近赤外反射フィルム及び近赤外反射体 | |
JP6176256B2 (ja) | 光学反射フィルムおよびそれを用いた光学反射体 | |
JP5811626B2 (ja) | 光学反射フィルム及びそれを用いた光学反射体 | |
JP6787336B2 (ja) | 光学反射フィルムおよび光学反射体 | |
WO2015050171A1 (ja) | 光学反射フィルムおよび光学反射体 | |
JP2016114806A (ja) | 光学フィルム | |
JP2016057537A (ja) | 光学反射フィルム、その製造方法およびそれを用いる光学反射体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11836332 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2012540903 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13881909 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 2011836332 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |