WO2011148977A1 - Matériau conducteur et ptocédé de fabrication de celui-ci - Google Patents

Matériau conducteur et ptocédé de fabrication de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011148977A1
WO2011148977A1 PCT/JP2011/061987 JP2011061987W WO2011148977A1 WO 2011148977 A1 WO2011148977 A1 WO 2011148977A1 JP 2011061987 W JP2011061987 W JP 2011061987W WO 2011148977 A1 WO2011148977 A1 WO 2011148977A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon nanotube
conductive material
nanotube structure
conductive
core conductor
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PCT/JP2011/061987
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
弘 飯塚
信 勝亦
勉 西郷
聡 吉永
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矢崎総業株式会社
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Publication of WO2011148977A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011148977A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a conductive material for use in electric wires, bus bars and the like and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • electric wires and bus bars are routed between a power source and a load in order to distribute and supply power from the power source to various loads.
  • conductive materials such as copper and aluminum are used as these materials.
  • these conductive materials are used as core wires, and the periphery of the core wires is covered with an insulating coating.
  • a wiring circuit is formed of these conductive materials.
  • the electric wire or bus bar When a current flows through a conductive material such as an electric wire or bus bar, the electric wire or bus bar generally generates heat due to electrical resistance, but its cross-sectional area is set according to the value of the flowing current, minimizing heat generation. It is supposed to be.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a conductive material capable of reducing heat loss by reducing the surface resistance of electric wires, bus bars, and the like, and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • a first aspect of the present invention is a conductive material formed of a composite including a carbon nanotube structure and a conductive metal attached to the carbon nanotube structure in an electrical contact state. .
  • the composite constituting the conductive material includes the carbon nanotube structure to which the conductive metal is attached in an electrical contact state, and the composite is formed by the excellent conductivity of the carbon nanotube structure.
  • the electrical resistance of the surface part of the body is small. For this reason, generation
  • the composite may include a conductive core conductor, and the carbon nanotube structure may be provided in an electrical contact state on the outer periphery of the core conductor.
  • the conductive material is formed of the composite in which the carbon nanotube structure is attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor in an electrical contact state, so that a high-frequency current flows and the current density is increased by the skin effect. Even when concentrated on the side, since the resistance of the surface portion is small due to the excellent conductivity of the carbon nanotube structure, the generation of heat is suppressed and the heat loss can be reduced.
  • the carbon nanotube structure is formed of an aggregate of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and a conductive material is attached to the surface of each carbon nanotube, inside each carbon nanotube, and between the carbon nanotubes to improve wettability. May be given.
  • the conductive metal may be impregnated in the carbon nanotube structure by pressurization.
  • a good electrical contact state between the carbon nanotube structure and the core conductor can be obtained by impregnating the carbon nanotube structure with the conductive metal.
  • the conductive metal may be attached to the carbon nanotube structure by compacting.
  • the said carbon nanotube structure obtains the favorable electrical contact state of a carbon nanotube structure and a core conductor, when the electroconductive metal is formed in the compact by compacting. be able to.
  • the carbon nanotube structure may be formed in a braided shape and attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor.
  • the carbon nanotube structure is braided and attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor, a good electrical contact with the core conductor can be achieved.
  • the carbon nanotube structure may have a cylindrical shape, and the inside of the cylindrical shape of the carbon nanotube structure may be in close contact with the outer periphery of the core conductor.
  • the core conductor is press-fitted inside the cylindrical carbon nanotube structure, a good electrical contact with the core conductor can be achieved.
  • the core conductor may be made of a rod or plate made of copper or aluminum and an alloy thereof, and the conductive metal may have a melting point in a temperature range where the carbon nanotube structure does not burn.
  • the conductive metal may be made of copper, aluminum, or an alloy thereof.
  • the core conductor is made of copper or aluminum and an alloy thereof, and the carbon nanotube structure is impregnated with, for example, copper or aluminum, the resistance between the carbon nanotube structure and the core conductor is small. In addition, a good electrical contact state can be obtained.
  • the gist of the second aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a conductive material in which a conductive metal is attached to a carbon nanotube structure in an electrical contact state.
  • a carbon nanotube structure having excellent conductivity can be manufactured.
  • the carbon nanotube structure may be attached to the outer periphery of the conductive core conductor in an electrical contact state.
  • the wettability improving treatment is performed by attaching a conductor to the surface of the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube structure, the inside of the carbon nanotube, or between the carbon nanotubes, and performing the wettability improving treatment with the metal. Thereafter, the carbon nanotube structure is formed in a braided shape and attached to the outer periphery of the conductive core conductor in an electrical contact state, and the conductive carbon nanotube structure is attached to the braided carbon nanotube structure attached to the core conductor. Metal may be deposited in electrical contact.
  • the carbon nanotube structure is attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor as a braid, and the carbon nanotube structure is impregnated with a conductive metal, so that the carbon nanotube structure and the core conductor are in good electrical contact.
  • a conductive material can be manufactured.
  • the wettability improving treatment is performed by attaching a conductor to the surface of the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube structure, the inside of the carbon nanotube, or between the carbon nanotubes, and performing the wettability improving treatment with the metal.
  • the carbon nanotube structure subjected to the above treatment is impregnated with the conductive metal to form a cylindrical shape, and a conductive core conductor is inserted into the cylindrical carbon nanotube structure in a close contact state. Good.
  • the carbon nanotube structure is impregnated with a conductive metal and the core conductor is inserted in a close contact state with the carbon nanotube structure to produce a conductive material in which the carbon nanotube structure and the core conductor are in good electrical contact. can do.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a conductive material according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a conductive material according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show a conductive material according to the second embodiment of the present invention in which a carbon nanotube structure is attached to the outer periphery of a core conductor and impregnated with aluminum, and
  • FIG. A perspective view and FIG. 3B are sectional views thereof.
  • 4A, 4B, and 4C are explanatory views showing a state in which a conductor made of nano metal particles is attached to a carbon nanotube.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a conductive material according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a conductive material according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show a conductive material according to the second embodiment of the present invention in which a carbon nanotube structure is attached to the
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a conductive material according to a third embodiment of the present invention in which a carbon nanotube structure is attached to the outer periphery of a core conductor in a horizontal winding shape.
  • 6A is a perspective view showing a composite in which a carbon nanotube structure is impregnated with a conductive metal
  • FIG. 6B is a perspective view showing a core conductor
  • FIG. 6C is a composite showing the core conductor as a composite. It is a perspective view which shows the state made to press-fit.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view comparing the diameters of a conventional conductive material and a conductive material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conductive material 11 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the conductive material 11 is formed of a composite including the carbon nanotube structure 13.
  • the carbon nanotube structure 13 is a unit of carbon nanotubes (hereinafter abbreviated as “CNT”) having a nano-level size, and the CNT structure 13 is formed by a plurality of aggregates of the CNTs. .
  • CNT carbon nanotubes
  • the CNT has a hexagonal structure in which six carbons are bonded, and this hexagonal structure is a cylindrical structure that is combined with another hexagonal structure.
  • a fiber CNT is formed from the structure of the plurality of CNTs, and the intertwined fiber CNTs are stretched and aligned from the assembly of the plurality of fiber CNTs, and then twisted to form a uniform and constant thread shape.
  • a spun CNT structure is formed.
  • the braided CNT structure is formed into a tubular shape (cylindrical shape) by knitting the spun CNT structure into a braided shape.
  • the CNT structure 13 in the embodiment of the present invention includes a fiber CNT, an aggregate of fiber CNTs, a spun CNT structure, and a braided CNT structure knitted from the CNT structure.
  • Such a spun or braided CNT structure 13 is impregnated with a conductive metal.
  • a conductive metal aluminum, copper, or an alloy thereof is used.
  • the CNT structure 13 is impregnated with these conductive metals by a vacuum pressure impregnation method.
  • the CNT structure 13 can be impregnated with a conductive metal by using the technique of “composite material and manufacturing method thereof” described in JP-A-2002-194515.
  • the reason why copper or aluminum and an alloy thereof are used as the conductive metal is that the melting point of these metals and alloys is a temperature range in which carbon does not burn, and the conductive metal having a high melting point is impregnated. This is because the CNT will burn if you try.
  • Other conductive metals include tin, magnesium, and alloys thereof.
  • the CNT structure 13 impregnated with a conductive metal has excellent conductivity, and the composite material including the CNT structure 13 has a small resistance at the surface portion. For this reason, generation
  • FIGSecond Embodiment 2 and 3 show a conductive material 14 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the conductive material 14 is formed of a composite of a conductive core conductor 12 and a braided CNT structure 13 attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor 12 in an electrical contact state.
  • the core conductor 12 is formed of a copper core material formed of a copper rod or plate material or an aluminum core material formed of an aluminum rod or plate material. Any material used for the core conductor 12 has high conductivity, high current density resistance, and excellent high thermal conductivity.
  • the core conductor 12 is formed of a copper core material made of a copper rod.
  • the braided CNT structure 13 is adhered to the outer periphery of the copper core material, and the CNT structure 13 is impregnated with aluminum as a conductive metal in this state.
  • the bonding force between unit CNTs is weak, and the contact resistance between unit CNTs is large.
  • the wettability improvement process which improves what is called wettability by making the conductor which consists of a metal nanoparticle adhere on a nanoscale between the surface of CNT, the inside of CNT, and CNT. Is given.
  • the technique of “an assembled assembly of carbon and non-carbon and its manufacturing method” described in JP-T-2009-535294, which has already been filed, is used.
  • the non-carbon substance Fe, Si, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ta, Th, Ti, which consists of the metal nanoparticles 18 between the surface of CNT15, the inside of CNT15, and between CNT15. , U, V, Y, Zr).
  • the CNTs 15 become strong bonds (covalent bonds) by the metal nanoparticles 18, and the resistance between the metal nanoparticles 18 can be reduced, so that the resistance between the CNTs 15 becomes low.
  • the metal nanoparticles 18 attached to the surface of the CNT 15 make it easier for electrons to pass through the inside of the CNT 15 through the metal nanoparticles 18, and the electrons more easily flow due to the metal nanoparticles 18 attached to the inside of the CNT 15. Therefore, high conductivity can be obtained.
  • the entangled fiber CNTs are stretched and aligned from the aggregate of the fiber CNTs formed from the CNTs 15 to which the metal nanoparticles 18 are adhered, and the fibers are twisted to form a spun fiber having a uniform and constant thickness.
  • a braid is formed by adhering the CNT structure 13 to the surface (outer periphery) of the core conductor 12 made of a copper core material in a braid shape.
  • the CNT structure 13 is impregnated with aluminum 16 as a conductive metal with the braided CNT structure 13 attached to the outer periphery of the copper core material that is the core conductor 12.
  • aluminum 16 As in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-107203, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-59257, or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-194515, as in the first embodiment. It can be performed by performing a vacuum pressure impregnation method.
  • the conductive material 14 is formed by a composite composed of the core conductor 12 and the CNT structure 13. Since the conductive material 14 has excellent conductivity and the resistance of the surface portion is small, generation of heat can be suppressed and heat loss can be reduced. Therefore, by using the conductive material 14 as a conductive material such as an electric wire or a bus bar, current transmission efficiency does not decrease even when a high-frequency current flows.
  • aluminum is impregnated.
  • other metals such as copper, tin, and magnesium may be used as long as the metal has a melting point in a temperature range in which carbon does not burn. .
  • FIG. 5 shows a conductive material 19 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the CNT structure 13 is attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor 12 made of a copper core material in a braided shape to form a braid.
  • Spinning CNTs 13 are horizontally wound on the outer periphery of a core conductor 12 made of a core material.
  • the conductive metal is formed by vacuum pressure impregnation as in the second embodiment.
  • the conductive material 19 is formed by impregnating the aluminum 16.
  • FIG. 6 shows a conductive material 21 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a spun CNT structure 13 is attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor 12 and then impregnated with aluminum 16 as a conductive metal, whereas in this embodiment, the CNT structure
  • the assembly of fibers of the CNT structure 13 is made conductive by the same vacuum pressure impregnation method as in the first embodiment in a state where the wettability improving process for attaching the conductor is applied to the body 13 as in the second embodiment.
  • a composite 17 impregnated with aluminum 16 as a metallic material is formed.
  • FIG. 6 (a) shows the composite 17, which is formed in a cylindrical shape (cylindrical shape).
  • the core conductor 12 made of the copper core material shown in FIG. 6B is placed inside the cylindrical composite body 17 in which the assembly of fiber CNTs in the CNT structure 13 is impregnated with aluminum 16 as shown in FIG.
  • the conductive material 21 is formed by the cylindrical composite body 17 composed of the core conductor 12 and the CNT structure 13 by press-fitting.
  • the core conductor 12 is inserted into the CNT structure 13 in close contact with the press-fit of the core conductor 12.
  • the core conductor 12 is press-fitted into the cylindrical CNT structure 13 impregnated with the aluminum 16, but the aluminum 16 is formed on the surface of the core conductor 12 by swaging.
  • the inner surface of the composite 17 of the impregnated cylindrical CNT structure 13 may be brought into close contact.
  • the conductive materials 14 and 19 are composed of a composite composed of the conductive core conductor 12 and the CNT structure 13 attached to the outer periphery of the core conductor 12 in an electrical contact state. , 21 is formed, even when a high-frequency current flows on the surface of the core conductor 12, the CNT structure 13 having high conductivity is attached to the surface side, so that the resistance can be reduced. .
  • the surface resistance can be reduced, the heat loss is reduced because the amount of heat generated is small even if the high frequency current is concentrated on the surface side due to the skin effect.
  • the CNT structure 13 is lighter than other conductive materials (aluminum and copper), in the structure using the core conductor 12, the diameter of the core conductor 12 is equal to the CNT structure 13 attached to the outer periphery. Can be reduced. For this reason, the weight of the whole electric wire and bus bar can be reduced.
  • the conductive materials 14, 19, and 21 according to the embodiment of the present invention having the same conductivity are equivalent to the conductive material 23 that has been set to the conventionally required diameter L ⁇ b> 1.
  • the diameter L2 can be made smaller than L1.
  • the CNT structure 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape, but may be formed in a cylindrical shape other than the cylindrical shape.
  • the core conductor 12 is formed with the copper core material which consists of a copper rod, and the example which impregnated or compacted aluminum as a conductive metal in the CNT structure 13 is shown.
  • the core conductor 12 is formed with the copper core material which consists of a copper rod, and the example which impregnated or compacted aluminum as a conductive metal in the CNT structure 13 is shown.
  • An example of impregnating or compacting conductive metal around the metal core material was shown.
  • conductive metal is placed around the CNT structure impregnated or compacted with conductive metal. Good.
  • Core conductor 12 CNT structure (a) Copper core material Aluminum adhered (first to second 4 embodiment) (B) Aluminum core material Copper adheres (c) Copper core material Copper adheres (d) Aluminum core material Aluminum adheres
  • (2)-(a) and (b) can reduce corrosion because the core conductor (outer conductor) to which copper is attached is present on the outer periphery.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau conducteur (11, 14, 19, 21) qui comprend un corps composite qui contient une structure de nanotubes de carbone (13) et un métal conducteur adhérant à la structure de nanotubes de carbone (13) à l'état de connexion électrique.
PCT/JP2011/061987 2010-05-25 2011-05-25 Matériau conducteur et ptocédé de fabrication de celui-ci WO2011148977A1 (fr)

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JP2010119677 2010-05-25

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015012275A1 (fr) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 Matériau composite ntc-métal, et son procédé de production
JP5896422B2 (ja) * 2010-12-28 2016-03-30 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 Ｃｎｔ金属複合材
EP3364422A1 (fr) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-22 Delphi Technologies LLC Fil composite de nanotubes de carbone/métalliques

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CN105825917A (zh) * 2016-03-27 2016-08-03 安徽鑫旭新材料股份有限公司 一种两端开口的大载荷导电铜母排
JP2018129273A (ja) * 2017-02-10 2018-08-16 本田技研工業株式会社 導電材、導電材を含む電気機械、及び導電材の製造方法
JP7194658B2 (ja) * 2019-09-18 2022-12-22 トクセン工業株式会社 導電線

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JP5896422B2 (ja) * 2010-12-28 2016-03-30 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 Ｃｎｔ金属複合材
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