WO2009094848A1 - Acier profilé utilisé pour un rail de train à suspension magnétique et procédés de laminage - Google Patents

Acier profilé utilisé pour un rail de train à suspension magnétique et procédés de laminage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009094848A1
WO2009094848A1 PCT/CN2008/002124 CN2008002124W WO2009094848A1 WO 2009094848 A1 WO2009094848 A1 WO 2009094848A1 CN 2008002124 W CN2008002124 W CN 2008002124W WO 2009094848 A1 WO2009094848 A1 WO 2009094848A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rolling
profiled steel
magnetic levitation
web
train track
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/002124
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jie Dong
Weizhuang Qu
Xiwei Huo
Funing Liu
Chuandong Zhao
Wei FENG
Pengju Yuan
Jie Zhang
Dong Yang
Zhenhong Ma
Dequan Yin
Original Assignee
Laiwu Steel Group Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laiwu Steel Group Co., Ltd filed Critical Laiwu Steel Group Co., Ltd
Priority to JP2010540003A priority Critical patent/JP5233023B2/ja
Priority to KR1020107016667A priority patent/KR101244269B1/ko
Publication of WO2009094848A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009094848A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B21B1/085—Rail sections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/021—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0252—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment with application of tension

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a profiled steel, in particular to a F-shaped profiled steel for a magnetic levitation train track and a rolling process thereof.
  • the minimum interval between peaks is 6min
  • the interval between peaks is 10min
  • the maximum speed is 100km/ h
  • the one-way running time is 15min
  • the daily traffic is 15,000. It was officially opened to traffic on March 5, 2005.
  • Similar systems to HSST include the Daewoo test line in Korea and AMT in the United States.
  • CN1621618 discloses a driving road for a magnetic levitation train, the road comprising a support structure supported on a foundation, in particular made of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete, the support structure having a plate shape at a location associated with the vehicle An edge portion projecting laterally, on which the magnetic suspension orbiting mechanism is arranged in a U-shaped functional component of the suspension frame of the vehicle, such as a sliding plate, a stator and a side guiding track, so that the vehicle suspension frame and the supporting structure Transmission between end parts
  • the size of the gap is minimized and the gap is in the form of a labyrinth.
  • the height and width of the slit correspond approximately to the tolerance dimension of the magnetic levitation orbiting mechanism on the portion of the sliding plate and the side guiding track.
  • CN2869102 discloses a medium-low speed maglev train track, which is directly fixed on both sides of the beam by bolts or pre-buried manner; the lower surface of the rail is fixed by bolts to the inverted U-shaped suspension rail or the lower part of the rail is inverted U-shaped, which constitutes a inverted U-shaped suspension rail.
  • the existing medium and low-speed maglev train track steels are available in box steel, I-beam and U-shaped steel. In practical applications, there are problems such as poor precision, complicated installation, and difficulty in orbital positioning.
  • Japan's medium and low-speed magnetic suspension test line track is made of weather-resistant steel plate welded and machined. Although the precision is high, the material waste is serious, the production cost is high, the production efficiency is low, and it is difficult to achieve mass production, which can only meet the requirements of current small batch test. .
  • maglev train Using electromagnetic force to overcome the gravity of the earth, so that the train can be suspended in orbit.
  • the normally-oriented maglev train has a suspension clearance of about 1 cm) and uses a linear motor to propel forward. From the perspective of suspension theory, the accuracy of the track is very high. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the track, the production method of the track is: After the steel plate is welded into the required shape, it is machined with high precision.
  • the production method is generally steel plate welding-annealing-machining-annealing-straightening, which is not only complicated in process, low in processing efficiency, long in production cycle, but also wasteful material waste and high in cost.
  • Some domestic companies have tried to produce finished products by hot rolling, but they have not succeeded. They only use rough rolling mills to roll out blanks and then machine them to produce finished products.
  • the production process still needs annealing process, compared with welding production. Although the process has been reduced, the production cycle and cost have not been significantly reduced, and the efficiency has not been greatly improved, and the mass industrial production requirements cannot be met.
  • CN1470669 discloses a soft magnetic structural steel and a method of manufacturing the same, a soft magnetic structural steel for a magnetic suspension orbit and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • the technical solution is: soft magnetic structural steel and its manufacturing method, the constituent elements include: Fe, C, Si, Mn, P, S, Als, Cr, Cu, Ti, N, Ni, Ca, which is characterized by the component element Ca available REM substitution, the weight percentage of the constituent elements is: C: 0.010% ⁇ 0.040%, Si: 1.0% ⁇ 2.0%, ⁇ : 0 ⁇ 60% ⁇ 1 ⁇ 00%, P: ⁇ 0.015%, S: ⁇ 0.005 %, Als: 0 ⁇ 005% ⁇ 0 ⁇ 020%, Cr: ⁇ 0.60%, Cu: 0 ⁇ 20% ⁇ 0 ⁇ 60%, Ti: 0 ⁇ 005% ⁇ 0 ⁇ 02%, ⁇ : ⁇ 0.010%, Ni: ⁇ 1.00%, Ca or REM: ⁇ 0.010%, the balance being iron and inevitable inclusions.
  • the rolling process includes: continuous casting
  • CN1690242 discloses a soft magnetic structural steel sheet excellent in low temperature toughness, the composition of which is (mass percentage) C 0 ⁇ 010% ⁇ 0.040%, Si 0 ⁇ 50% ⁇ 1 ⁇ 00%, ⁇ 1 ⁇ 00% ⁇ 1 ⁇ 50%, ⁇ 0 ⁇ 015%, S ⁇ 0.005 %, Al s 0 ⁇ 50% ⁇ 1 ⁇ 00%, Cr 0 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 50%, Cu 0 ⁇ 20% ⁇ 0 ⁇ 60%, ⁇ 0 ⁇ 005 % ⁇ 0.02%, 0.001 0.001% ⁇ 0 ⁇ 008%, Ni 0 ⁇ 30 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 80%, Ca 10ppm ⁇ 60ppm, the balance being iron and unavoidable inclusions, Pcm ⁇ 0.20%.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving product accuracy, simplifying installation steps, reducing the difficulty of track positioning, reducing production cost, saving materials, improving production efficiency, and meeting industrialization and batch requirements. Hot-rolled F-shaped profiled steel for low-speed maglev train tracks.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a production process capable of directly rolling a magnetically levied orbit having high precision, high flatness, and uniform structure without using welding or machining.
  • the rolling process of the present invention is directed to the design of a profiled rolling process for the characteristics of a profiled steel for a magnetic suspension track.
  • the invention provides a profiled steel for a magnetic levitation train track, wherein the profiled steel has a F-shaped cross section, wherein an angle between the centerline of the inclined leg and the lower surface of the web is ⁇ , and the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontally extending section are respectively on the upper and lower sides of the web.
  • the surfaces are parallel to each other or in the same plane, and the straight legs are located at the junction of the web and the horizontal extension.
  • the oblique leg and the straight leg have the same vertical height with respect to the lower surface of the web.
  • the shaped steel has a circular arc shape at each corner.
  • the angle between the oblique leg and the lower surface of the web is 92 to 120 °, preferably 95 to 105. .
  • the present invention also provides a rolling process for the profiled steel for a magnetic levitation train track, which in turn includes a rough rolling, a finishing rolling, a cooling control and a straightening process, wherein the rough rolling is performed by a two-roll reversible rolling mill, and the two rolls are reversible
  • the maximum rolling force of the rolling mill is 8000 ⁇ 10000KN, preferably 8000 ⁇ 9000KN, and the rolling deformation accounts for 60% ⁇ 90% of the total deformation; the finishing rolling adopts the three-stand universal continuous rolling unit for continuous rolling.
  • the rolling temperature of the rough rolling step is 1150 to 1200 ° C, and the finishing temperature is 950 to 1000 ° C.
  • the rolling force of the finishing rolling is 10000 ⁇ 15000KN, the pressing precision is ⁇ 0.1mm ; the rolling rolling temperature is 800-840°C, and the finishing rolling temperature is 750-850°C, and the remaining deformation is completed at this stage.
  • the universal continuous rolling mill replaces the longer S roller of the roller body by using a short horizontal universal roller; (the universal rolling mill adopts a two-roll simple mode, only two rollers per frame, each The rolls are called S rolls).
  • the universal rolling mill is further provided with two left and right vertical rollers, and the control system of the rolling mill controls the upper and lower horizontal rollers and the left and right vertical rollers simultaneously to complete the rolling process, and the upper and lower horizontal rollers are active rollers, The two vertical rollers are driven rollers.
  • the rectangular billet is cold-packed or heat-loaded into the furnace, heated to 1200-1250 °C, and subjected to high-pressure water descaling, descaling pressure 10 ⁇ 20MPa.
  • the F-shaped profiled steel for the magnetic levitation train track provided by the present invention is different from the F-shaped profiled steel welded by the steel plate, and the joints of the respective portions are all circular arc transitions. This design is to ensure that the product can pass through the hot rolling directly.
  • the method of production, without welding and machining simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces the cost, improves the production efficiency, and at the same time increases the rigidity and strength of the inclined protruding section (slanted leg) and the vertical protruding section (straight leg). , enhanced security of use.
  • the profiled steel structure provided by the invention can make the inclined protruding section and the vertical protruding section respectively correspond to the two poles of the U-shaped electromagnet of the vehicle body, and the lower end plane interacts with the electromagnet of the vehicle body to generate an upward attraction to the vehicle body. Suspended.
  • the selected inclined angle of the inclined protruding section not only well withstands the horizontal centrifugal force generated by the vehicle during the running of the curve, but also functions as a friction braking process with the braking of the vehicle body; horizontal extension
  • the out-segment serves as a connection, which enables the medium- and low-speed maglev train track F-shaped steel to be easily connected and fixed to the sleeper with high strength and rigidity.
  • the web is designed to facilitate the mounting of the sensor board on top and to provide a horizontal drive for the car body during operation.
  • the rolling process provided by the invention has the advantage that the rough rolling adopts two-roll reversible rolling with large rolling force Machine rolling, large deformation rolling of the billet, uniform rolling material, eliminating defects on the billet, reducing rolling pass, reducing roll consumption and increasing productivity; finishing rolling with large rolling force, high
  • the precision three-stand universal rolling mill performs continuous rolling, which improves the rolling rhythm and reduces the temperature drop, which can reduce the heating temperature of the billet and reduce the gas consumption.
  • the rolling mill is optimized and modified. Instead of using the two-roller mode, the process control system and mechanical control system of the universal mode are modified, and the improved universal mode is used for rolling.
  • the improved universal mode rolling differs from the two-roll mode rolling mentioned above in that: in the two-roll mode, the rolling mill has only two upper and lower horizontal rolls, and the rolling mill control system controls two horizontal rolls; Next, in addition to the upper and lower horizontal rolls, the rolling mill has two left and right vertical rolls.
  • the control system of the rolling mill controls the upper and lower horizontal rolls and the left and right vertical rolls simultaneously, and separate control of the horizontal or vertical rolls. can not achieve.
  • the independent control of the horizontal roller by the rolling mill control system is realized in the universal mode. In this way, replacing the longer S roller of the roller body with the shorter universal horizontal roller of the roller body saves the tooling input and consumption.
  • the final product can then be obtained through a controlled cooling process and a straightening process.
  • the invention can produce the final product only through the large H-beam hot rolling production line, without the need of heat treatment and mechanical processing steps, which not only greatly reduces the cost, improves the production efficiency, but also satisfies the requirements of the batch production.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific production process of rolling is as follows: rectangular billet is cold-packed or hot-loaded into the furnace, heated to 1200-1250 °C, and subjected to high-pressure water descaling. To ensure the descaling effect, the descaling pressure is 10 ⁇ 20MPa, except for the scale. The billet is sent to the roughing mill by roller conveyor, and the rolling is 1150-1200 °C, and the finishing temperature is 950-1000 °C. In order to ensure the uniformity of the product, this stage adopts a two-roll reversing mill for large deformation rolling. The maximum rolling force of the two-roll reversing mill is 8000 ⁇ 10000KN, and the rolling deformation accounts for 60% ⁇ 90% of the total deformation.
  • the rough rolling billet is sent to the universal unit for continuous rolling through the conveyor roller conveyor, and the finishing rolling adopts large
  • the rolling force and high-precision three-stand universal continuous rolling mill are continuously rolled to achieve two-roll rolling in the universal mode.
  • the rolling force of finish rolling is 10000 ⁇ 15000KN, the pressing precision is ⁇ 0.1mm ;
  • the rolling temperature is 800-840°C, the finishing rolling temperature is 750-850°C, and the remaining deformation is completed at this stage.
  • the universal continuous rolling mill replaces the longer S roller of the roller body by using a short universal universal horizontal roller.
  • the improved universal mode rolling differs from the two-roll mode rolling mentioned above in that: in the two-roll mode, the rolling mill has only two upper and lower horizontal rolls, and the rolling mill control system controls two horizontal rolls; Next, in addition to the upper and lower horizontal rolls, the rolling mill has two left and right vertical rolls.
  • the control system of the rolling mill controls the upper and lower horizontal rolls and the left and right vertical rolls simultaneously, and separate control of the horizontal or vertical rolls. can not achieve.
  • the rolled parts of the universal unit are sent to the controlled cooling zone for controlled cooling, so that the rolled piece obtains a uniform temperature and a suitable cooling rate to avoid bending and residual stress caused by uneven temperature.
  • the controlled cooling is completed, the rolled piece is sent to the hot saw for tail cutting, segmentation, sampling operation, and then the cooling bed is controlled to cool.
  • the rolled piece is cooled to below 150 °C, it is straightened into the special straightening machine for profiled steel to correct the deformation caused by air cooling. Finally, the rolled piece is cut into pieces and collected.
  • the profiled steel for the magnetic levitation train track as shown in Fig. 1, the profiled section has an F-shaped cross section and is composed of four parts: a slanting leg 1, a web 2, a straight leg 3, and a horizontal extension section 4.
  • the angle between the centerline of the oblique leg and the lower surface of the web is 92°, and the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal protruding section are parallel to the lower surface of the web respectively, and the straight leg is located at the joint of the web and the horizontal protruding section.
  • the corners of the profiled steel are rounded.
  • the vertical height of the oblique leg 1 and the straight leg 3 with respect to the lower surface of the web is the same.
  • the profiled steel for the maglev train track as shown in Figure 1, wherein the angle between the centerline of the inclined leg and the lower surface of the web is 95°, and the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal extension are parallel to the lower surface of the web, respectively.
  • the web is joined to the horizontal extension.
  • the corners of the profiled steel are rounded.
  • the vertical height of the oblique leg 1 and the straight leg 3 with respect to the lower surface of the web is the same.
  • the profiled steel for the maglev train track as shown in Figure 2, wherein the angle between the centerline of the inclined leg and the lower surface of the web is 105°, and the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal extension are respectively on the same plane as the lower surface of the web, straight
  • the legs are located at the junction of the web and the horizontal extension.
  • the corners of the profiled steel are rounded.
  • the vertical height of the inclined leg 1 and the straight leg 3 with respect to the lower surface of the web is the same.
  • the profiled steel for the magnetic levitation train track as shown in Fig. 2, wherein the angle between the center line of the inclined leg and the lower surface of the web is 120°, and the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal protruding section are respectively on the same plane as the lower surface of the web, straight
  • the legs are located at the junction of the web and the horizontal extension.
  • the corners of the profiled steel are rounded.
  • the vertical height of the oblique leg 1 and the straight leg 3 with respect to the lower surface of the web is the same.
  • the rectangular billet is cold-packed or heat-loaded into the furnace, heated to 1200-1230 °C, and subjected to high-pressure water descaling.
  • the descaling pressure is 10 MPa
  • the blanks except the scale are sent to the roughing mill by the roller conveyor.
  • Rolling 1150-1180 ° C, finishing rolling temperature is 950-1000 ° C, in order to ensure the uniformity of the product, this stage uses a two-roll reversing mill for large deformation rolling, the maximum rolling force of the two-roll reversing mill is 8000KN, the rolling deformation should account for 60% of the total deformation.
  • the rough rolling billet is sent to the TM universal unit for continuous rolling through the conveyor roller conveyor.
  • the finishing rolling adopts the large rolling force and high precision three-stand universal continuous rolling mill for continuous rolling to realize the universal mode.
  • the next two rolls are rolled.
  • the rolling force of finishing rolling is 15000KN, the pressing precision is ⁇ 0.1mm; the rolling temperature is 800-840°C, and the finishing rolling temperature is 750-800°C.
  • the remaining deformation is completed in this stage.
  • the universal continuous rolling mill replaces the longer S roller of the roller body by using a short universal universal horizontal roller.
  • the improved universal mode rolling differs from the two-roll mode rolling mentioned above in that: in the two-roll mode, the rolling mill has only two upper and lower horizontal rolls, and the rolling mill control system controls two horizontal rolls; Next, in addition to the upper and lower horizontal rolls, the rolling mill has two left and right vertical rolls.
  • the control system of the rolling mill controls the upper and lower horizontal rolls and the left and right vertical rolls simultaneously, and separate control of the horizontal or vertical rolls. can not achieve.
  • the rolled parts of the universal unit are sent to the controlled cooling zone for controlled cooling, so that the rolled piece obtains a uniform temperature and a suitable cooling rate to avoid bending and residual stress caused by uneven temperature.
  • the controlled cooling is completed, the rolled piece is sent to the hot saw for tail cutting, segmentation, sampling operation, and then the cooling bed is controlled to cool.
  • the rolled piece is cooled to below 150 °C, it is straightened into the special straightening machine for profiled steel to correct the deformation caused by air cooling.
  • the rolled piece is cut into pieces and collected.
  • the profiled steel for the medium and low speed maglev train track described in Embodiment 1 is obtained.
  • the rectangular billet is cold-packed or hot-loaded into the furnace, heated to 1200-1250 °C, and subjected to high-pressure water descaling.
  • the descaling pressure is 15MPa
  • the blanks except the scales are sent to the roughing mill by roller conveyor
  • the rolling is 1180-1200 °C
  • the finishing temperature is 950-1000 °C.
  • the two-roller reversing mill is used for large deformation rolling.
  • the maximum rolling force of the two-roll reversing mill is 9000KN, and the rolling deformation should account for 80% of the total deformation.
  • the rough rolling billet is sent to the TM universal unit for continuous rolling through the conveyor roller conveyor.
  • the finishing rolling adopts the large rolling force and high precision three-stand universal continuous rolling mill for continuous rolling to realize the universal mode.
  • the next two rolls are rolled.
  • the rolling force of finishing rolling is 13000KN, the pressing precision is ⁇ 0.1mm; the rolling temperature is 820-840 °C, and the finishing rolling temperature is 800-850 °C.
  • the remaining deformation is completed at this stage.
  • the universal continuous rolling mill replaces the longer S roller of the roller body by using a short universal universal horizontal roller.
  • the improved universal mode rolling differs from the two-roll mode rolling mentioned above in that: in the two-roll mode, the rolling mill has only two upper and lower horizontal rolls, and the rolling mill control system controls two horizontal rolls; Next, in addition to the upper and lower horizontal rolls, the rolling mill has two left and right vertical rolls.
  • the control system of the rolling mill controls the upper and lower horizontal rolls and the left and right vertical rolls simultaneously, and separate control of the horizontal or vertical rolls. can not achieve.
  • the rolled parts of the universal unit are sent to the controlled cooling zone for controlled cooling, so that the rolled piece obtains a uniform temperature and a suitable cooling rate to avoid bending and residual stress caused by uneven temperature.
  • the controlled cooling is completed, the rolled piece is sent to the hot saw for tail cutting, segmentation, sampling operation, and then the cooling bed is controlled to cool.
  • the rolled piece is cooled to below 150 °C, it is straightened into the special straightening machine for profiled steel to correct the deformation caused by air cooling.
  • the rolled piece is cut into pieces and collected.
  • the profiled steel for the medium and low speed maglev train track described in the second embodiment is obtained.
  • the rectangular billet is cold-packed or heat-loaded into the furnace, heated to 1240-1250 °C, and subjected to high-pressure water descaling.
  • the descaling pressure is 20 MPa
  • the blanks except the scales are sent to the roughing mill by the roller conveyor.
  • Rolling 1180-1200 °C, finishing rolling temperature is 980-1000 °C, in order to ensure the uniformity of the product, this stage uses a two-roll reversing mill for large deformation rolling, the maximum rolling force of the two-roll reversing mill is 9000KN
  • the rolling deformation should account for 90% of the total deformation.
  • the rough rolling billet is sent to the universal unit for continuous rolling through the conveyor roller conveyor.
  • the finishing rolling adopts the large rolling force and high precision three-stand universal continuous rolling unit for continuous rolling to realize the universal mode. Rolling two rolls.
  • the rolling force for finishing rolling is 10000KN, the pressing accuracy is ⁇ 0.1mm; the rolling temperature is 820-840 °C, and the finishing rolling temperature is 750-800 °C.
  • the remaining deformation is completed at this stage.
  • the universal continuous rolling mill replaces the longer S roller of the roller body by using a short universal universal horizontal roller.
  • This kind The improved universal mode rolling differs from the above-mentioned two-roll mode rolling in that: in the two-roll mode, the rolling mill has only two upper and lower horizontal rolls, and the rolling mill control system controls two horizontal rolls; and in the universal mode, In addition to the upper and lower horizontal rolls, the rolling mill has two left and right vertical rolls.
  • the control system of the rolling mill controls the upper and lower horizontal rolls and the left and right vertical rolls simultaneously, but the separate control of the horizontal or vertical rolls cannot be realized. .
  • the rolled parts of the universal unit are sent to the controlled cooling zone for controlled cooling, so that the rolled piece obtains a uniform temperature and a suitable cooling rate to avoid bending and residual stress caused by uneven temperature.
  • the controlled cooling is completed, the rolled piece is sent to the hot saw for tail cutting, segmentation, sampling operation, and then the cooling bed is controlled to cool.
  • the rolled piece is cooled to below 150 °C, it is straightened into the special straightening machine for profiled steel to correct the deformation caused by air cooling.
  • the rolled piece is cut into pieces and collected.
  • the profiled steel for the medium and low speed maglev train track described in Example 3 was obtained.

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Description

技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域， 涉及一种异型钢， 特别是一种磁悬浮列车轨道 用 F型异型钢及其轧制工艺方法。 背景技术
1969年， 世界上开始进行磁悬浮列车研究， 经过多年的研究和实践， 中低 速磁悬浮***已经积累了许多成功经验。 在中低速磁悬浮的研究和应用方面， 最具代表性的是日本 HSST中低速磁悬浮交通***。 中低速磁悬浮交通技术最 早出现在德国， 日本经过近 30年的研究， 先后研制过 7个中低速磁悬浮车辆 型号， 发展到名古屋的 H100系列， ***运行成功。 名古屋东部丘陵线， 正线 长 8.9km， 其中 1.4km为地下线， 其余为高架线， 设有九个车站， 高峰时最小 行车间隔为 6min， 平峰时段行车间隔为 10min， 区间最高运行速度 100km/h， 单程运行时间 15min， 日运量为 1.5万人次。 已于 2005年 3月 5日正式通车运 营。 与 HSST相类似的***还有韩国的大宇试验线、 美国 AMT。
我国自八十年代初期开始进行常导型中低速磁浮列车的研究工作， 1992年 磁浮列车关键技术研究列入 "八五 "国家重点科技攻关计划， 取得阶段性研究结 果， 并于 1995年首次成功实现了实验室内全尺寸单转向架的载人运行。
1999年北京控股磁悬浮技术发展有限公司和国防科技大学共同组织、联合 国内铁路、 航空、 汽车等行业最具技术优势的企业在长沙国防科大校园内建设 了中国第一条磁浮列车试验线， 并完成全尺寸试验车辆生产制造； 2001 年 9 月整车***开始进行运行试验。
CN1621618公开了用于磁悬浮列车的一种行驶道路，该道路包括一个支承 在地基上尤其由钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土制成的支承结构， 该支承结构在与 车辆相联系的部位上板状地具有侧面伸出的边缘部位， 在该边缘部位上布置磁 悬浮轨道运行机构的被车辆的悬浮框架呈 U形环绕的功能组件 -如滑动板、 定 子和侧面导向轨道， 使车辆悬浮框架的和支承结构的端部部位之间的传输声的 缝隙的尺寸最小化， 并且使该缝隙是迷宫形式的。 此时， 缝隙的高度和宽度大 约对应着在滑动板的和侧面导向轨道的部位上的磁悬浮轨道运行机构的公差 尺寸。
CN2869102公开了一种中低速磁浮列车轨道，钢轨通过螺栓或预埋方式直 接固定在梁的两侧；钢轨的下表面以螺栓方式固定倒 U型悬浮轨或者钢轨的下 部呈倒 U型， 构成倒 U型悬浮轨。
现有的中低速磁悬浮列车轨道用型钢有箱型钢、 工字钢和 U 型钢几种类 型， 实际应用中存在精度差， 安装复杂， 轨道定位难度大等问题。 日本的中低 速磁悬浮试验线轨道采用耐候钢板焊接并机械加工制成， 虽然精度较高， 材料 浪费严重， 制作成本高昂， 生产效率低， 难以实现批量化生产， 仅能满足目前 小批量试验的要求。
磁浮列车的基本原理是： 利用电磁力克服地球引力， 使列车在轨道上悬浮
(常导型磁浮列车悬浮间隙约 1 厘米）， 并利用直线电机推动前进。 从悬浮原 理来看， 车体运行对轨道精度的要求很高， 因此， 为了保证轨道的精度， 轨道 的生产方法为： 将钢板焊接成要求形状后， 对其进行高精度的机械加工。 该生 产方法大体为钢板焊接一退火一机械加工一退火一矫直， 不仅工序复 杂、 加工效率低、 制作周期长， 而且材料浪费严重、 成本昂贵。 国内也曾有企 业尝试过采用热轧方法生产出成品， 但没有成功， 仅仅是采用粗轧机轧制出毛 坯后再进行机械加工， 生产出成品， 生产过程仍需要退火工序， 与焊接生产相 比， 虽然工序有所减少， 但制作周期和成本无明显降低， 效率提高不大， 不能 满足批量产业化生产要求。
CN1470669公开了软磁结构钢及其制造方法，用于磁悬浮轨道的软磁结构 钢及其制造方法。技术方案是： 软磁结构钢及其制造方法， 组成元素包括： Fe、 C、 Si、 Mn、 P、 S、 Als、 Cr、 Cu、 Ti、 N、 Ni、 Ca, 其特征是组成元素 Ca可 用 REM替代， 组成元素的重量百分比为： C: 0.010%〜0.040%， Si: 1.0%〜 2.0% , Μη: 0·60%〜1·00%， P: <0.015 % , S: <0.005 % , Als: 0·005 %〜0·020 % , Cr: <0.60% , Cu: 0·20%〜0·60%， Ti: 0·005 %〜0·02%， Ν: <0.010% , Ni: <1.00% , Ca或 REM: <0.010% , 其余为铁和不可避免的夹杂。 其轧制工 艺包括： 连铸工艺、 热轧工艺和正火工艺， 最终得到适合在北方用于磁悬浮列 车轨道梁上的侧面导向软磁结构钢板。
CN1690242公开了低温韧性优良的软磁结构钢板，其成分为 (质量百分比) C 0·010%〜 0.040%、 Si 0·50%〜1·00%、 Μη 1·00%〜1·50%、 Ρ≤0·015 %、 S<0.005 %、 Als 0·50%〜1·00%、 Cr 0·20〜0·50%、 Cu 0·20%〜0·60%、 Ή 0·005 %〜 0.02% , Ν 0.001 %〜0·008%、 Ni 0·30〜0·80%、 Ca 10ppm〜60ppm、 其余为 铁和不可避免的夹杂， Pcm≤0.20%。优化再结晶控轧和加速冷却工艺及后续缓 冷工艺， 使成品软磁结构钢板的晶粒尺寸在 10〜30μηι， 获得优异的机械性能、 电磁性能和焊接性， 特别适用于磁悬浮列车轨道中的必须吸收承载力、 导向力 和驱动力的侧面导向板。 由于磁悬浮控制技术水平本身的限制， 对轨道本身的 各项性能 （晶粒度、 组织均匀性、 导磁性等） 要求非常苛刻， 同时， 由于还需 要将钢板焊接成磁悬浮轨道， 从而对材料的焊接性能、 机械性能提出了很高的 要求， 这就导致在生产加工磁悬浮轨道用钢板时， 工艺复杂， 成本高昂， 效率 低下， 严重制约其工业化应用。 发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足， 本发明提供一种提高产品精度， 简化安装步骤， 降低轨道定位难度， 同时又降低生产成本， 节省材料， 提高生产效率， 满足工 业化、 批量化的要求的一种中低速磁悬浮列车轨道用热轧 F型异型钢。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种能够不采用焊接、 机械加工直接轧制出高精 度、 高平直度、 组织均匀的磁悬浮轨道的生产工艺。 本发明的轧制工艺针对磁 悬浮轨道用异型钢的特点， 进行针对性的轧制工艺设计。
本发明提供一种磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 该异型钢的横截面为 F形， 其 中斜腿中心线与腹板下表面之间有一夹角 Θ, 水平伸出段上下表面分别与腹板 上下表面互相平行或在同一平面上， 直腿位于腹板与水平伸出段连接处。
其中所述斜腿与所述直腿相对于腹板下表面的垂直高度相同。
其中所述异型钢各拐角处为圆弧形。
其中所述斜腿与腹板下表面之间的夹角 Θ的角度为 92〜120°，优选为 95〜 105。。
其中水平伸出段上下表面与腹板上下表面平行或在同一平面上。 本发明还提供所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺， 依次包括粗轧、 精轧、 控冷和矫直工序， 其中所述粗轧采用二辊可逆轧机轧制， 所述二辊可逆 轧机最大轧制力为 8000〜10000KN， 优选为 8000〜9000KN， 轧制变形量占总 变形量 60%〜90%； 精轧采用三机架万能连轧机组进行连轧。
其中所述粗轧工序的开轧温度为 1150-1200°C， 终轧温度为 950-1000°C。 其中所述精轧的轧制力为 10000〜15000KN， 压下精度为 ±0.1mm; 开轧温 度为 800-840°C， 终轧温度为 750-850°C， 本阶段完成其余变形。
其中， 所述万能连轧机组利用辊身较短的万能水平辊取代辊身较长的 S辊 (万能轧机采用两辊轧制模式（simple mode)时每个机架轧辊只有两个， 每个 轧辊称作 S辊）。
其中， 所述万能轧机还设有左右两个立辊， 轧机的控制***对上下两个水 平辊和左右两个立辊同时进行控制来完成轧制过程， 上下两个水平辊为主动 辊， 左右两个立辊为从动辊。
其中， 矩形坯料冷装或热装入炉， 加热到 1200-1250°C出炉， 进行高压水 除鳞， 除鳞压力 10〜20MPa。
其中， 轧件冷至 150°C以下后， 进入矫直机进行矫直。
本发明所提供的磁悬浮列车轨道用 F型异型钢与钢板焊接加工的 F型异型 钢不同的是， 各部分连接处均为圆弧过渡， 这种设计是为了保证该产品能够直 接通过热轧的方法生产而不需焊接和机械加工， 简化了生产制造工艺， 降低了 成本， 提高了生产效率， 同时， 提高了倾斜伸出段 （斜腿） 和垂直伸出段 （直 腿） 的刚度和强度， 增强了使用的安全性。 本发明所提供的异型钢结构可以使 得倾斜伸出段和垂直伸出段分别与车体 U型电磁铁的两极相对应，下端平面与 车体的电磁铁相互作用产生向上的吸引力使车体悬浮。所选定的倾斜伸出段倾 斜角度不但很好地承受车辆在弯道运行时产生的水平方向离心力的作用， 同 时， 还起到与车体的刹车配合完成摩擦制动过程的作用； 水平伸出段起到连接 作用， 可使中低速磁悬浮列车轨道 F型钢方便地连接并固定到轨枕上， 且具有 较高的强度和刚度。 而腹板的设计可以便于在上面安装感应板， 运行时为车体 提供水平的驱动力。
本发明所提供的轧制工艺的优点是粗轧采用具有大轧制力的二辊可逆轧 机轧制， 对坯料进行大变形轧制， 以均匀轧材组织， 消除坯料上存在的缺陷， 同时还能减少轧制道次， 降低辊耗， 提高生产率； 精轧采用大轧制力， 高精度 的三机架万能连轧机组进行连轧， 一方面提高了轧制节奏， 减小了温降， 从而 可降低坯料的加热温度， 降低煤气消耗， 另一方面， 为了减少工装投入， 对连 轧机进行改造优化， 不采用两辊模式， 而是对万能模式的工艺控制***和机械 控制***进行修改， 采用改进后的万能模式进行轧制。 这种改进后的万能模式 轧制与上面提到的两辊模式轧制的区别在于： 两辊模式下， 轧机只有上下两个 水平轧辊， 轧机控制***对两个水平辊进行控制； 而万能模式下， 轧机除了有 上下两个水平辊外， 还有左右两个立辊， 轧机的控制***对上下两个水平辊和 左右两个立辊同时进行控制， 而对水平辊或立辊的单独控制无法实现。 通过对 工艺控制***和机械控制***的修改， 实现了万能模式下， 轧机控制***对水 平辊的单独控制。这样一来， 利用辊身较短的万能水平辊取代辊身较长的 S辊 节省了工装投入和消耗。 然后经过控冷工序和矫直工序就可以得到最终成品。
本发明仅仅通过大 H型钢热轧生产线便可生产出最终成品， 无须热处理、 机械加工工序， 不仅大大降低了成本， 提高了生产效率， 而且能很好地满足批 量化生产的要求。 附图说明
图 1为本发明一个实施例的结构示意图；
图 2是本发明另一实施例的结构示意图。
其中， 1-斜腿， 2-腹板， 3-直腿， 4-水平伸出段。 具体实施方式
轧制的具体生产工艺如下：矩形坯料冷装或热装入炉，加热到 1200-1250°C 出炉， 进行高压水除鳞， 为保证除鳞效果， 除鳞压力 10〜20MPa， 除完鳞的坯 料用辊道送至粗轧机， 开轧 1150-1200°C， 终轧温度为 950-1000 °C， 为了保证 产品的组织均匀性， 本阶段采用二辊可逆轧机进行大变形轧制，， 所述二辊可 逆轧机最大轧制力为 8000〜10000KN， 轧制变形量占总变形量的 60%〜90 %。 粗轧轧制完成后， 粗轧坯经机后输送辊道送至万能机组进行连轧， 精轧采用大 轧制力、高精度的三机架万能连轧机组进行连轧，实现万能模式下的两辊轧制。 精轧的轧制力为 10000〜15000KN，压下精度为 ± 0.1mm;开轧温度为 800-840°C 终轧温度为 750-850°C， 本阶段完成其余变形。
所述万能连轧机组利用辊身较短的万能水平辊取代辊身较长的 S辊。这种 改进后的万能模式轧制与上面提到的两辊模式轧制的区别在于： 两辊模式下， 轧机只有上下两个水平轧辊， 轧机控制***对两个水平辊进行控制； 而万能模 式下， 轧机除了有上下两个水平辊外， 还有左右两个立辊， 轧机的控制***对 上下两个水平辊和左右两个立辊同时进行控制， 而对水平辊或立辊的单独控制 无法实现。
出万能机组的轧件送至控冷区进行控冷， 使轧件获得均匀的温度和合适的 冷速， 避免由于温度不均引起弯曲和残余应力。 控冷完毕后轧件被送到热锯进 行切尾、 分段、 取样操作， 然后上冷床进行控冷。 当轧件冷至 150°C以下后， 进入该异型钢专用矫直机进行矫直， 使由于空冷引起的变形得到矫正。 最后， 将轧件切定尺、 收集。
实施例 1：
磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 如图 1所示， 该异型钢的横断面为 F形， 由四 部分组成： 斜腿 1、 腹板 2、 直腿 3、 水平伸出段 4。 其中斜腿中心线与腹板下 表面之间的夹角为 92°, 水平伸出段上下表面分别与腹板上下表面互相平行， 直腿位于腹板与水平伸出段连接处。 异型钢各拐角处为圆弧形。
斜腿 1与直腿 3相对于腹板下表面的垂直高度相同。
实施例 2:
磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 如图 1所示， 其中斜腿中心线与腹板下表面之 间的夹角为 95° , 水平伸出段上下表面分别与腹板上下表面互相平行， 直腿位 于腹板与水平伸出段连接处。 异型钢各拐角处为圆弧形。
斜腿 1与直腿 3相对于腹板下表面的垂直高度相同。
实施例 3 :
磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 如图 2所示， 其中斜腿中心线与腹板下表面之 间的夹角为 105°, 水平伸出段上下表面分别与腹板上下表面在同一平面上， 直 腿位于腹板与水平伸出段连接处。 异型钢各拐角处为圆弧形。 斜腿 1与直腿 3相对于腹板下表面的垂直高度相同。
实施例 4:
磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 如图 2所示， 其中斜腿中心线与腹板下表面之 间的夹角为 120°, 水平伸出段上下表面分别与腹板上下表面在同一平面上， 直 腿位于腹板与水平伸出段连接处。 异型钢各拐角处为圆弧形。
斜腿 1与直腿 3相对于腹板下表面的垂直高度相同。
实施例 5
矩形坯料冷装或热装入炉， 加热到 1200-1230°C出炉， 进行高压水除鳞， 为保证除鳞效果， 除鳞压力 lOMPa, 除完鳞的坯料用辊道送至粗轧机， 开轧 1150-1180°C， 终轧温度为 950-1000°C， 为了保证产品的组织均匀性， 本阶段 采用二辊可逆轧机进行大变形轧制，， 所述二辊可逆轧机最大轧制力为 8000KN, 轧制变形量应占总变形量的 60%。 粗轧轧制完成后， 粗轧坯经机后 输送辊道送至 TM万能机组进行连轧， 精轧采用大轧制力、 高精度的三机架万 能连轧机组进行连轧，实现万能模式下的两辊轧制。精轧的轧制力为 15000KN, 压下精度为 ± 0.1mm; 开轧温度为 800-840°C,终轧温度为 750-800°C， 本阶段完 成其余变形。
所述万能连轧机组利用辊身较短的万能水平辊取代辊身较长的 S辊。这种 改进后的万能模式轧制与上面提到的两辊模式轧制的区别在于： 两辊模式下， 轧机只有上下两个水平轧辊， 轧机控制***对两个水平辊进行控制； 而万能模 式下， 轧机除了有上下两个水平辊外， 还有左右两个立辊， 轧机的控制***对 上下两个水平辊和左右两个立辊同时进行控制， 而对水平辊或立辊的单独控制 无法实现。
出万能机组的轧件送至控冷区进行控冷， 使轧件获得均匀的温度和合适的 冷速， 避免由于温度不均引起弯曲和残余应力。 控冷完毕后轧件被送到热锯进 行切尾、 分段、 取样操作， 然后上冷床进行控冷。 当轧件冷至 150°C以下后， 进入该异型钢专用矫直机进行矫直， 使由于空冷引起的变形得到矫正。 最后， 将轧件切定尺、 收集。 得到实施例 1所述的中低速磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢。 实施例 6
矩形坯料冷装或热装入炉， 加热到 1200-1250°C出炉， 进行高压水除鳞， 为保证除鳞效果， 除鳞压力 15MPa， 除完鳞的坯料用辊道送至粗轧机， 开轧 1180-1200 °C , 终轧温度为 950-1000°C， 为了保证产品的组织均匀性， 本阶段 采用二辊可逆轧机进行大变形轧制，所述二辊可逆轧机最大轧制力为 9000KN, 轧制变形量应占总变形量的 80%。粗轧轧制完成后， 粗轧坯经机后输送辊道送 至 TM万能机组进行连轧， 精轧采用大轧制力、 高精度的三机架万能连轧机组 进行连轧， 实现万能模式下的两辊轧制。精轧的轧制力为 13000KN, 压下精度 为 ±0.1mm; 开轧温度为 820-840 °C ,终轧温度为 800-850°C， 本阶段完成其余变 形。
所述万能连轧机组利用辊身较短的万能水平辊取代辊身较长的 S辊。这种 改进后的万能模式轧制与上面提到的两辊模式轧制的区别在于： 两辊模式下， 轧机只有上下两个水平轧辊， 轧机控制***对两个水平辊进行控制； 而万能模 式下， 轧机除了有上下两个水平辊外， 还有左右两个立辊， 轧机的控制***对 上下两个水平辊和左右两个立辊同时进行控制， 而对水平辊或立辊的单独控制 无法实现。
出万能机组的轧件送至控冷区进行控冷， 使轧件获得均匀的温度和合适的 冷速， 避免由于温度不均引起弯曲和残余应力。 控冷完毕后轧件被送到热锯进 行切尾、 分段、 取样操作， 然后上冷床进行控冷。 当轧件冷至 150°C以下后， 进入该异型钢专用矫直机进行矫直， 使由于空冷引起的变形得到矫正。 最后， 将轧件切定尺、 收集。 得到实施例 2所述的中低速磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢。 实施例 7
矩形坯料冷装或热装入炉， 加热到 1240-1250°C出炉， 进行高压水除鳞， 为保证除鳞效果， 除鳞压力 20MPa， 除完鳞的坯料用辊道送至粗轧机， 开轧 1180-1200 °C , 终轧温度为 980-1000°C， 为了保证产品的组织均匀性， 本阶段 采用二辊可逆轧机进行大变形轧制，所述二辊可逆轧机最大轧制力为 9000KN, 轧制变形量应占总变形量的 90%。粗轧轧制完成后，粗轧坯经机后输送辊道送 至万能机组进行连轧， 精轧采用大轧制力、 高精度的三机架万能连轧机组进行 连轧， 实现万能模式下的两辊轧制。 精轧的轧制力为 10000KN, 压下精度为 ± 0.1mm; 开轧温度为 820-840 °C,终轧温度为 750-800°C， 本阶段完成其余变形。
所述万能连轧机组利用辊身较短的万能水平辊取代辊身较长的 S辊。这种 改进后的万能模式轧制与上面提到的两辊模式轧制的区别在于： 两辊模式下， 轧机只有上下两个水平轧辊， 轧机控制***对两个水平辊进行控制； 而万能模 式下， 轧机除了有上下两个水平辊外， 还有左右两个立辊， 轧机的控制***对 上下两个水平辊和左右两个立辊同时进行控制， 而对水平辊或立辊的单独控制 无法实现。
出万能机组的轧件送至控冷区进行控冷， 使轧件获得均匀的温度和合适的 冷速， 避免由于温度不均引起弯曲和残余应力。 控冷完毕后轧件被送到热锯进 行切尾、 分段、 取样操作， 然后上冷床进行控冷。 当轧件冷至 150°C以下后， 进入该异型钢专用矫直机进行矫直， 使由于空冷引起的变形得到矫正。 最后， 将轧件切定尺、 收集。 得到实施例 3所述的中低速磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢，其特征在于，该异型钢的横截面为 F形， 其中斜腿 （1 ) 中心线与腹板 （2 ) 下表面之间有一夹角 Θ, 水平伸出段 （4) 上 下表面分别与腹板 （2 ) 上下表面互相平行或在同一平面上， 直腿 （3 )位于腹 板 （2 ) 与水平伸出段 （4 ) 连接处。
2. 如权利要求 1所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 其特征在于， 斜腿 （1 ) 与直腿 （3 ) 相对于腹板下表面的垂直高度相同。
3. 如权利要求 1所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 其特征在于， 异型钢各 拐角处为圆弧形。
4. 如权利要求 1所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 其特征在于， 所述斜腿 （1 ) 与腹板 （2 ) 下表面之间的夹角 Θ的角度为 92〜120°。
5. 如权利要求 4所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 其特征在于， 所述斜腿 （1 ) 与腹板 （2 ) 下表面之间的夹角 Θ的角度为 95〜105°。
6. 如权利要求 1所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢， 其特征在于， 水平伸出段（4) 上下表面与腹板 （2 ) 上下表面平行或在同一平面上。
7. 如权利要求 1-6中任一项所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺， 依次包括粗轧、 精轧、 控冷和矫直工序， 其特征在于， 所述粗轧采用二辊可逆 轧机轧制，所述二辊可逆轧机最大轧制力为 8000〜10000KN， 轧制变形量占总 变形量 60%〜90%； 精轧采用三机架万能连轧机组进行连轧。
8. 如权利要求 7所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺， 其特征在于， 粗轧采用的二辊可逆轧机最大轧制力为 8000〜9000KN。
9. 如权利要求 7所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺， 其特征在于， 粗轧工序的开轧温度为 1150-1200°C， 终轧温度为 950-1000°C。
10.如权利要求 7所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺，其特征在于， 所述精轧的轧制力为 10000〜15000KN， 压下精度为 ±0.1mm; 开轧温度为
800-840 °C , 终轧温度为 750-850°C， 本阶段完成其余变形。
11.如权利要求 7所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺，其特征在于， 所述万能连轧机组利用辊身较短的万能水平辊取代辊身较长的 S辊。
12.如权利要求 10所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺，其特征在于， 所述万能轧机还设有左右两个立辊， 轧机的控制***对上下两个水平辊和左右 两个立辊同时进行控制来完成轧制过程， 上下两个水平辊为主动辊， 左右两个 立辊为从动辊。
13.如权利要求 7所述磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺，其特征在于， 矩形坯料冷装或热装入炉， 加热到 1200-1250°C出炉， 进行高压水除鳞， 除鳞 压力 10〜20MPa。
14. 如权利要求 7所述的磁悬浮列车轨道用异型钢的轧制工艺， 其特征在 于， 轧件冷至 150°C以下后， 进入矫直机进行矫直。
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