WO2004076094A1 - 無端状金属ベルト用金属リングの製造方法 - Google Patents
無端状金属ベルト用金属リングの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004076094A1 WO2004076094A1 PCT/JP2004/002000 JP2004002000W WO2004076094A1 WO 2004076094 A1 WO2004076094 A1 WO 2004076094A1 JP 2004002000 W JP2004002000 W JP 2004002000W WO 2004076094 A1 WO2004076094 A1 WO 2004076094A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal ring
- rolling roller
- mesh
- rolling
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B5/00—Extending closed shapes of metal bands by rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/02—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
- F16G5/00—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section
- F16G5/16—V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section consisting of several parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B1/227—Surface roughening or texturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
- B21B27/005—Rolls with a roughened or textured surface; Methods for making same
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H8/00—Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects, e.g. checkered sheets
- B21H8/005—Embossing sheets or rolls
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a thin metal ring used for an endless metal belt.
- the power transmission belt used in the continuously variable transmission is a belt in which a plurality of elements arranged in an annularly stacked arrangement are bound by a stacked ring.
- the stacking ring is formed by stacking a plurality of metal rings.
- the metal rings that make up this type of laminated ring receive a load in a laminated state, and thus friction occurs between the metal rings. Therefore, when lubrication between the metal rings is insufficient, heat generation due to friction, seizure between the metal rings, and the like may occur. Therefore, in the conventional metal ring disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-103133, a mesh-like unevenness is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and the mesh-like unevenness is used. As a result, a lubricating oil film was formed (see page 2 and FIG. 1 of the gazette).
- a groove is formed on the surface of a rolling roller for rolling the metal ring, and the metal ring is rolled by the rolling roller to form the surface of the metal ring. It is known to form the convex portion by transferring the groove into the groove.
- the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-79041 discloses a method of forming grooves one by one with a single diamond on the surface of a rolling roller. Specifically, a single grain diamond is pressed against the surface of the rolling roller while the rolling roller is rotating, and the single grain diamond is reciprocated in the axial direction of the rolling roller within a predetermined width, and a mesh is formed on the surface.
- An object of the present invention is to improve a method for manufacturing a thin metal ring used for an endless metal belt. More specifically, an object of the present invention is to manufacture a metal ring with less stress concentration in order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a metal ring that can easily manufacture and maintain a rolling roller for rolling a metal ring. Disclosure of the invention
- a method for producing a metal ring according to the present invention is a method for producing a thin metal ring used for an endless metal belt, wherein the metal ring is rolled by a rolling roller.
- a mesh-like unevenness is provided on at least the surface of the rolling roller that abuts on the inner peripheral surface of the metal ring, and the mesh-like unevenness of the rolling roller has a predetermined roughness while rotating the rolling roller.
- the abrasion stone is brought into contact with the whetstone, and the whetstone is moved in the axial direction of the roller. In the rolling step, mesh-like irregularities of the rolling roller are transferred to the metal ring.
- the mesh-like unevenness transferred to the metal ring is obtained by transferring the mesh-like unevenness formed by a grindstone having a predetermined roughness to the rolling roller. It is. For this reason, the size and width of each concavo-convex pattern can be made smaller than those of a conventional groove formed by diamond. Therefore, stress concentration is unlikely to occur on the mesh-like irregularities.
- the rolling roller may be formed by processing the surface of the mesh-like unevenness worn by use with the grindstone to newly form the mesh-like unevenness. Since the mesh-like unevenness is processed by a grindstone, it is not necessary to grind the surface of the rolling roller as in the related art, and the mesh-like unevenness can be easily formed.
- the metal ring is made of maraging steel, and the grindstone for processing the rolling roller has a roughness count of # 270 to # 100000, Nitriding for nitriding the metal ring after the rolling step It is preferred that a chemical conversion treatment be performed.
- the nitriding is performed smoothly.
- compressive residual stress is generated on the surface of the metal ring by performing the nitriding treatment.
- the grinding wheel for processing the rolling roller has a roughness count in the range of # 300 to # 800.
- a solution treatment for solution-dipping the metal ring is performed after the rolling step and before the nitriding treatment.
- the solution treatment is performed after the metal ring is rolled, the crystal grains of the metal ring are refined. If nitriding is performed in this state, the refined crystal grains are hardened uniformly, so that stress concentration is less likely to occur and the metal ring is less likely to break.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a metal ring formed by the manufacturing method of the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a main part of a rolling device for rolling the metal ring
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating rolling of an inner peripheral surface of the metal ring
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the residual compressive stress on the inner peripheral surface of the metal ring and the number of the grindstone.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a metal ring according to the present invention. This will be described with reference to FIG. First, the configuration of the metal ring 1 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the metal ring 1 is formed in a thin plate-shaped endless belt shape, and is used for an endless metal belt in a belt-type continuously variable transmission. Further, a mesh-shaped concave portion 2 is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and the outer peripheral surface is a smooth surface without such processing.
- a pair of tension rollers 4a and 4b around which a thin metal ring 1 is wound are arranged at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. Further, a receiving roller 5, an inner rolling roller 6, and an outer rolling roller 7 are vertically arranged in the middle of the tension rollers 4a, 4b.
- the outer rolling roller 7 is disposed above the inner rolling roller 6 so as to be able to move up and down. Further, the outer peripheral rolling roller 7 sandwiches the metal ring 1 with the inner peripheral rolling roller 6 supported by the receiving roller 5. Further, the outer peripheral rolling roller 7 is driven to rotate by a motor (not shown) provided on the back side, and rolls the metal ring 1.
- the inner peripheral rolling roller 6 in the present embodiment has a mesh-like unevenness 8 formed on the surface.
- the processing method of the mesh-shaped unevenness 8 is as follows. First, the inner peripheral rolling roller 6 is rotated at a predetermined rotation speed. Next, the grindstone 9 is reciprocated in the axial direction of the inner rolling roller 6 while urging the surface of the inner rolling roller 6 with a predetermined force. In this way, by rotating the inner rolling roller 6 while rotating it, the grinding wheel 9 reciprocating in the axial direction is brought into contact with the surface, thereby forming mesh-like irregularities 8 on the surface of the inner rolling roller 6. ing.
- the grindstone 9 used in the present embodiment is a diamond grindstone, and the number is # 325. According to an experiment conducted by the inventors of the present application, if the count is coarser than # 270, the mesh-like irregularities 8 formed on the surface of the inner peripheral rolling roller 6 become too coarse, so that the metal ring 1 Transfer to unevenness 2 When this is done, stress concentration occurs on the irregularities 2, which is not preferable. Also, if the count is finer than # 100000, the depth of the unevenness 2 will not be sufficient when transferred to the unevenness 2 of the metal ring 1, and the lubricant will be retained when used as a laminated ring. Is reduced.
- the fineness of the grindstone 9 shortens the life of the grindstone itself, and the frequent replacement of the grindstone decreases productivity. Furthermore, according to the experiments performed by the inventors of the present invention, considering the state of the irregularities 2 transferred to the metal ring 1 and the life of the grindstone, the number of the grindstone 9 is # 300 to # 800. It was found that the range was preferable.
- a method for processing the metal ring 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
- a cylindrical drum (not shown) is formed by welding the ends of a thin sheet of maraging steel.
- the metal ring 1 is formed by performing a solution treatment in order to homogenize the hardness which has been partially hardened by the heat at the time of welding, and then cutting the metal ring into a predetermined width.
- a rolling process is performed in a rolling device 3 shown in FIG. In this rolling process, the metal ring 1 is wrapped around the left and right tension rollers 4a and 4b, and the metal ring 1 is sandwiched between the outer rolling roller 7 and the inner rolling roller 6 to perform rolling.
- a predetermined tension is applied to the metal ring 1 by urging the tension roller 4a to the left in FIG. Further, the outer rolling roller 7 is pressed against the inner rolling roller 6 with a predetermined force while rotating clockwise in FIG. Then, while rolling the metal ring 1 between the outer peripheral rolling roller 7 and the inner peripheral rolling roller 6, the driving force of the outer peripheral rolling roller 7 rotates the metal ring 1 counterclockwise in FIG. At this time, the inner peripheral surface of the metal ring 1 is pressed against the mesh-shaped irregularities 8 formed on the surface of the inner peripheral rolling roller 6, and the mesh-shaped irregularities 2 are transferred to the inner peripheral surface of the metal ring 1.
- the solution treatment is performed by heating the metal ring 1 in a heating furnace (not shown) to a temperature not lower than the recrystallization temperature of the maraging steel and not higher than 850 ° C.
- the metal ring 1 rolled and solution-treated in the above-described process is nitrided. Conversion processing is performed.
- the nitriding is performed in a nitriding chamber (not shown) into which a mixed gas of ammonia and nitrogen gas or a mixed gas of ammonia and RX gas is introduced.
- the metal ring 1 is kept at 450 ° C. to 500 ° C. and held for about 30 to 120 minutes to perform nitriding.
- the mesh-like unevenness 2 transferred to the inner peripheral surface was formed randomly in a width of 25 m to 250 m.
- the compressive residual stress of the metal ring 1 was about ⁇ 105 ON / mm 2 (see point a in FIG. 4).
- the spacing between the protrusions of the metal ring formed by the conventional manufacturing method is uniform at about 300 m, and the compressive residual stress on the inner peripheral surface of such a conventional metal ring is about ⁇ 80 ON / mm.
- the width of the unevenness 2 is smaller than in the conventional case, and the compressive residual stress is also larger.
- the grindstone 9 and the compressive residual stress vary upward and downward, for example, at points c and c ′ in FIG. 4, even if the grindstone 9 has the same number as shown in FIG. This is considered to be a variation due to the processing speed and the processing time when the rolling mill 6 is applied by the grindstone 9.
- the compressive residual stress was about 1 1 15 O NZmm 2 (see point b in Fig. 4). Then, the compressive residual stress as roughness of the grinding wheel 9 is rough decreases, compressive residual stress at the roughness of the grinding wheel 9 was about # 2 7 0 becomes about a 9 8 ON / mm 2 (Fig. See point c in 4).
- count of the grinding wheel is # 2 5 0. compressive residual stress even if coarser than that - it may become 9 8 0 NZmm 2 or more.
- the roughness may be less than 1 98 O NZmrn 2. It is desirable to make it finer than 270.
- the solution treatment is performed after the rolling step, the crystal grains are refined in the irregularities 2 of the metal ring 1, and the toughness of the metal ring 1 is improved.
- the metal ring 1 manufactured in the present embodiment is used as a laminated ring on the metal belt of the continuously variable transmission, the lubrication between the metal rings 1 is improved by the unevenness 2. .
- metal fatigue is small due to high compressive residual stress and high toughness.
- the processing time is shorter than when processing is performed by using one diamond. Also, when the inner peripheral rolling roller 6 is maintained, it is not necessary to grind the unevenness 8 of the surface once, and the surface can be processed directly with the grindstone 9, so that maintenance can be easily performed.
- a diamond grinding wheel 9 is used as a grinding stone for forming the mesh-shaped concave and convex 8 on the surface of the inner peripheral rolling roller 6. May be used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04713235A EP1598128A4 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-20 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A METAL RING FOR A METAL ENDLESS BAND |
US10/546,566 US7168279B2 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-20 | Method of manufacturing metal ring for endless metal belt |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003-048757 | 2003-02-26 | ||
JP2003048757A JP4319425B2 (ja) | 2003-02-26 | 2003-02-26 | 無端状金属ベルト用金属リングの製造方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004076094A1 true WO2004076094A1 (ja) | 2004-09-10 |
Family
ID=32923301
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/002000 WO2004076094A1 (ja) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-20 | 無端状金属ベルト用金属リングの製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7168279B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1598128A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4319425B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100386165C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004076094A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100404148C (zh) * | 2005-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 刘清松 | 塑胶板材、片材和薄膜的线涂布方法及设备 |
CN101623845B (zh) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-06-29 | 南南铝业股份有限公司 | 铝型材表面刷纹机 |
CN102240761A (zh) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-16 | 无锡神意环件法兰有限公司 | 辗环机组合芯辊 |
CN102240760A (zh) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-16 | 天津天海精密锻造有限公司 | 深止口类复杂环形锻件辗扩成形工艺 |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7294077B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2007-11-13 | General Motors Corporation | CVT belt with chromium nitride coating |
JP5712743B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-05 | 2015-05-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 薄板状無端金属リングの製造装置及び製造方法 |
GB201121527D0 (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-01-25 | Rolls Royce Plc | A shaping apparatus and method of shaping a workpiece |
WO2014192438A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | 金属ベルトおよび該金属ベルトを備える駆動機構 |
JP5903412B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-08 | 2016-04-13 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | 駆動装置 |
WO2015097277A1 (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Flexible steel ring provided with a nanocrystalline surface layer for a drive belt for a continuously variable transmission and method for producing such ring |
KR101632482B1 (ko) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-06-22 | 주식회사 포스코 | 다중 연마부재 교체 기능을 갖는 시편 연마장치 |
CN104373696B (zh) * | 2014-10-11 | 2016-06-15 | 淮阴工学院 | 内表面为网格状的无缝钢管及其网格压制方法 |
CN109595295B (zh) | 2017-10-03 | 2020-10-30 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | 无级变速器用金属带及其金属环的制造方法 |
NL1043109B1 (en) | 2018-12-24 | 2020-07-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for manufacturing a metal ring for a ring set of a drive belt for a continuously variable transmission |
CN109848639A (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-06-07 | 柳州钢铁股份有限公司 | 车削轧辊孔型防滑纹装置 |
CN110614275B (zh) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-12-04 | 太原理工大学 | 一种强变形轧制双金属复合板的方法 |
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JPS5882672A (ja) | 1981-11-10 | 1983-05-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 円筒表面のクロスハツチ模様付加方法 |
JPS6179041A (ja) * | 1984-09-21 | 1986-04-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | 動力伝達用無端ベルト |
JPH0377706A (ja) | 1989-08-16 | 1991-04-03 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | ヘアライン模様ステンレスシートの製造方法 |
EP1055738A2 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 2000-11-29 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing laminated ring and heat treatment apparatus for use in such method |
EP1184591A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 | 2002-03-06 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Endless metal belt |
Family Cites Families (5)
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NL167230C (nl) | 1979-01-30 | 1981-11-16 | Doornes Transmissie Bv | Samengestelde drijfriem, alsmede eindloze metalen band voor een dergelijke drijfriem en werkwijze voor het bewerken van een dergelijke band. |
JPH02274337A (ja) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-08 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 積層金属ベルトの製造方法 |
US5640868A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-06-24 | Larex A.G. | Apparatus and method for work hardening an endless belt for use in a belt caster |
JP2000122310A (ja) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-28 | Nisshin Unyu Kogyo Kk | 複写機等感光ドラム用鏡面管の製造方法 |
US6318140B1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-11-20 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing laminated ring and apparatus for measuring circumferential length difference of ring in such method |
-
2003
- 2003-02-26 JP JP2003048757A patent/JP4319425B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-02-20 WO PCT/JP2004/002000 patent/WO2004076094A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2004-02-20 CN CNB200480004336XA patent/CN100386165C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-20 US US10/546,566 patent/US7168279B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-20 EP EP04713235A patent/EP1598128A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5882672A (ja) | 1981-11-10 | 1983-05-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 円筒表面のクロスハツチ模様付加方法 |
JPS6179041A (ja) * | 1984-09-21 | 1986-04-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | 動力伝達用無端ベルト |
JPH0377706A (ja) | 1989-08-16 | 1991-04-03 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | ヘアライン模様ステンレスシートの製造方法 |
EP1055738A2 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 2000-11-29 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing laminated ring and heat treatment apparatus for use in such method |
EP1184591A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 | 2002-03-06 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Endless metal belt |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100404148C (zh) * | 2005-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 刘清松 | 塑胶板材、片材和薄膜的线涂布方法及设备 |
CN101623845B (zh) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-06-29 | 南南铝业股份有限公司 | 铝型材表面刷纹机 |
CN102240760A (zh) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-16 | 天津天海精密锻造有限公司 | 深止口类复杂环形锻件辗扩成形工艺 |
CN102240761A (zh) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-16 | 无锡神意环件法兰有限公司 | 辗环机组合芯辊 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1750894A (zh) | 2006-03-22 |
JP2004261818A (ja) | 2004-09-24 |
US7168279B2 (en) | 2007-01-30 |
EP1598128A4 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
EP1598128A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
CN100386165C (zh) | 2008-05-07 |
US20060144112A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
JP4319425B2 (ja) | 2009-08-26 |
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