JPH08337437A - Glass panel having sun screening property - Google Patents
Glass panel having sun screening propertyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08337437A JPH08337437A JP8165370A JP16537096A JPH08337437A JP H08337437 A JPH08337437 A JP H08337437A JP 8165370 A JP8165370 A JP 8165370A JP 16537096 A JP16537096 A JP 16537096A JP H08337437 A JPH08337437 A JP H08337437A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- glass panel
- tin
- support
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/23—Oxides
- C03C17/25—Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
- C03C17/253—Coating containing SnO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
- C03C17/3417—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials all coatings being oxide coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
- C03C17/3423—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings comprising a suboxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/211—SnO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/24—Doped oxides
- C03C2217/244—Doped oxides with Sb
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
- C03C2218/112—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
- C03C2218/152—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by cvd
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Special Wing (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は太陽遮蔽特性を有す
るガラスパネル（glazing panel）に関する。本発明に
よるパネルは錫及びアンチモンを含有するスプレー形成
熱分解被覆を担持する支持体の形態をとる。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a glazing panel having sunscreen properties. The panel according to the invention takes the form of a support carrying a spray-forming pyrolytic coating containing tin and antimony.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】反射性透明太陽制御ガラスは太陽光線に
対して車両占有者を保護することを目的として、車両窓
に多く使用されるようになっている。それは鉄道客車の
側面窓及び道路車両の側面、後面及びルーフ窓に使用さ
れている。さらに自動車の全体のルーフ面積を形成する
ことが提案されている。それは反射及び／又は吸収によ
って及び強い太陽光の目をくらませる効果を除去するこ
とによって太陽光線に対する保護を与えることに役立
ち、それによってまぶしさに対する効果的な遮蔽を与
え、視覚的心地良さを増大し、目の疲れを減らす。2. Description of the Related Art Reflective transparent solar control glass has been widely used in vehicle windows for the purpose of protecting vehicle occupants against the sun's rays. It is used in the side windows of railway cars and the side, rear and roof windows of road vehicles. It has also been proposed to form the entire roof area of the vehicle. It helps to provide protection against the sun's rays by reflection and / or absorption and by eliminating the dazzling effect of strong sunlight, thereby providing an effective shield against glare and increasing visual comfort And reduce eye strain.
【０００３】ここで述べられている被覆された支持体の
特性は照明に関する国際委員会の標準規定− Commissio
n Internationale de l'Eclairage（“ＣＩＥ”）に
基づいている。The properties of the coated support described here are the International Commission's standard for lighting-Commissio.
n Internationale de l'Eclairage (“CIE”).
【０００４】ここで引用される標準光源はＣＩＥ光源
（Illuminant）Ｃ及び光源（Illuminant）Ａである。光
源Ｃ（建造物のガラスパネルの光学特性を評価するため
にほとんど使用される）は６７００°Ｋの色温度を有す
る平均的な昼光を表わす。光源Ａ（それは車のヘッドラ
ンプによって放出される光に相当し、そのため一般に自
動車のガラスパネルの光学特性を評価するために使用さ
れる）は約２８５６°Ｋの温度でのプランク放熱器の光
線を表わす。The standard light sources referred to herein are CIE light source (Illuminant) C and light source (Illuminant) A. Light source C (mostly used to evaluate the optical properties of building glass panels) represents an average daylight with a color temperature of 6700 ° K. Light source A, which corresponds to the light emitted by car headlamps and is therefore commonly used to evaluate the optical properties of car glass panels, emits a Planck heatsink ray at a temperature of about 2856 ° K. Represent.
【０００５】“視感透過率”（ＴＬ）は入射光束の百分
率としての支持体を透過した光束である。"Luminous transmittance" (TL) is the luminous flux transmitted through the support as a percentage of the incident luminous flux.
【０００６】“視感反射率”（ＲＬ）は入射光束の百分
率としての支持体から反射した光束である。"Luminescent reflectance" (RL) is the luminous flux reflected from the support as a percentage of the incident luminous flux.
【０００７】“エネルギー透過率”（ＴＥ）は入射輻射
エネルギーの百分率としての支持体を直接透過した全輻
射エネルギーである。"Energy transmission" (TE) is the total radiant energy transmitted directly through the support as a percentage of the incident radiant energy.
【０００８】“エネルギー反射率”（ＲＥ）は入射輻射
エネルギーの百分率としての支持体から反射した輻射エ
ネルギーである。"Energy reflectivity" (RE) is the radiant energy reflected from a support as a percentage of the incident radiant energy.
【０００９】“ソーラファクター（solar factor ）”
（ＦＳ）は支持体に入射する全輻射エネルギーの割合と
してのエネルギー源から離れた側で吸収及び再輻射され
たエネルギー（ＡＥ）及び支持体を直接透過した全エネ
ルギー（ＴＥ）の合計の比率である。"Solar factor"
(FS) is the ratio of the sum of the energy absorbed and re-radiated (AE) on the side remote from the energy source as a percentage of the total radiant energy incident on the support and the total energy (TE) directly transmitted through the support. is there.
【００１０】被覆された支持体の“選択性”は視感透過
率とエネルギー透過率の間のバランスに関する。建造物
のガラスの場合には視感透過率対ソーラファクターの比
率（ＴＬ／ＦＳ）としてしばしば規定されるが、車両ガ
ラスではそれは一般に視感透過率対エネルギー透過率の
比率（ＴＬ／ＴＥ）に関する。The "selectivity" of the coated support relates to the balance between luminous transmission and energy transmission. In the case of building glass, it is often defined as the ratio of luminous transmittance to solar factor (TL / FS), but in vehicle glass it is generally related to the ratio of luminous transmittance to energy transmittance (TL / TE). .
【００１１】“主波長”（λＤ）は被覆された支持体に
よって反射又は透過される範囲のピーク波長である。The "dominant wavelength" (λD) is the peak wavelength in the range reflected or transmitted by the coated support.
【００１２】支持体の色の“純度”（ｐ）は光源Ｃで測
定された励起純度に関する。それは規定された白色光源
がゼロの純度を有し、純水色が１００％の純度を有する
等分目盛に従って特定される。被覆された支持体の純度
は被覆された側の反対側から測定される。The "purity" (p) of the color of the support relates to the excitation purity measured with light source C. It is specified according to an equal scale where the defined white light source has zero purity and the pure water color has 100% purity. The purity of the coated support is measured from the side opposite the coated side.
【００１３】“輻射率”（ε）は一定温度の一定表面に
よって放出されるエネルギー対同温度の完全なエミッタ
ー（１．０の輻射率を有する黒体）のそれの比率であ
る。The "emissivity" (ε) is the ratio of the energy emitted by a constant surface at a constant temperature to that of a perfect emitter at the same temperature (a black body with an emissivity of 1.0).
【００１４】技術的見地から、日射条件において車両又
は建造物の内部が過加熱されないようにガラスが全入射
太陽光線の割合をあまり大きくしないことが望まれる。
全入射太陽光線の透過率は“ソーラファクター”（既に
規定した）によって表わしてもよい。車両の場合には考
えられる主なエネルギー要因は直接透過される全エネル
ギー（ＴＥ）である。なぜならば内部で吸収及び再輻射
されるエネルギー（ＡＥ）は車両の移動によって分散さ
れるからである。From a technical point of view, it is desired that the glass does not increase the proportion of the total incident sun rays so that the interior of the vehicle or building is not overheated under solar radiation conditions.
The transmittance of all incident solar radiation may be represented by the "solar factor" (defined above). In the case of vehicles, the main energy factor considered is the total energy (TE) that is directly transmitted. This is because the energy (AE) absorbed and re-radiated inside is dispersed by the movement of the vehicle.
【００１５】我々のこれより早い特許ＧＢ２２００１３
９は、低輻射率及び低比内部曇りファクターを被覆に与
えるためにアンチモン、ヒ素、バナジウム、コバルト、
亜鉛、カドミウム、タングステン、テルル及びマンガン
のような材料とフッ素の両方を被覆中に生成する添加剤
及び錫化合物を含有する溶液をスプレーすることによっ
てホットガラス上に熱分解酸化錫被覆を形成する方法を
クレームに開示する。その被覆は多くの望ましい特性を
有するが、現在太陽抵抗性車両窓ガラスに求められる特
性の組合せに到達していない。Our earlier patent GB220013
9 is antimony, arsenic, vanadium, cobalt, to provide coatings with low emissivity and low specific internal haze factor.
Method of forming a pyrolytic tin oxide coating on hot glass by spraying a solution containing additives and tin compounds that produce both fluorine and materials such as zinc, cadmium, tungsten, tellurium and manganese Is disclosed in the claim. While the coating has many desirable properties, it has not yet reached the combination of properties required for sun resistant vehicle glazing.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は高いレ
ベルの太陽遮蔽特性と視感透過率及び高い選択性の他の
望ましい特性を組合せて有するガラスパネルを提供する
ことにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a glass panel having a combination of high levels of sunscreen properties and other desirable properties of luminous transmission and high selectivity.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】我々はかかる目的及び他
の有用な目的が錫及びアンチモン酸化物を特定相対比率
で含む薄い熱分解スプレー被覆を担持するガラス支持体
によって達成できることを発見した。We have found that such and other useful purposes can be achieved by a glass support bearing a thin pyrolytic spray coating containing tin and antimony oxide in specific relative proportions.
【００１８】即ち、本発明によれば、少なくとも４００
ｎｍの厚さを有し、錫及びアンチモンを０．０５〜０．
５のＳｂ／Ｓｎモル比率で含有するスプレー形成熱分解
錫／アンチモン酸化物被覆層を担持するガラス支持体を
含み、被覆された支持体が３５％より少ない視感透過率
（ＴＬ）及び少なくとも１．３の選択性（ＴＬ／ＴＥ）
を有するガラスパネルが提供される。That is, according to the invention, at least 400
having a thickness of 0.05 nm and tin and antimony of 0.05 to 0.
Comprising a glass support bearing a spray-forming pyrolytic tin / antimony oxide coating layer containing an Sb / Sn molar ratio of 5, wherein the coated support has a luminous transmission (TL) of less than 35% and at least 1. .3 selectivity (TL / TE)
There is provided a glass panel having:
【００１９】熱分解及びカソードスパッタリングなどの
ガラス支持体上に被覆を形成する技術が多数知られてい
る。熱分解は一般に硬い被覆を生成する利点を有し、そ
れは保護層の必要性を排除する。熱分解によって形成さ
れた被覆は長期的な耐摩耗性及び耐蝕性を有する。これ
は熱分解が熱い支持体上に被覆材料を付着させる工程を
含むという事実のためであると考えられている。熱分解
は特にプラントの投資の点においてスパッタリングのよ
うな他の被覆法より一般に安価である。Many techniques are known for forming coatings on glass substrates such as pyrolysis and cathode sputtering. Pyrolysis generally has the advantage of producing a hard coating, which eliminates the need for a protective layer. The coating formed by pyrolysis has long-term wear and corrosion resistance. It is believed that this is due to the fact that pyrolysis involves depositing the coating material on a hot support. Pyrolysis is generally cheaper than other coating methods such as sputtering, especially in terms of plant investment.
【００２０】支持体はガラス又は他の透明硬質材料のよ
うなガラス材料のシート又はリボンの形態であることが
好ましい。特にパネルが強い又は長期間の太陽光線にあ
らわにされる環境において、ガラスパネルによって吸収
される入射太陽光線の割合のためにパネルに対して加熱
効果があり、それは支持体を続いて強化法（toughening
process ）に供することを要求するかもしれない。し
かしながら、被覆の耐久性はパネルの最外部に被覆面を
つけることを可能にし、かくして加熱効果を減らす。The support is preferably in the form of a sheet or ribbon of glass material such as glass or other transparent rigid material. There is a heating effect on the panel due to the proportion of incident solar radiation absorbed by the glass panel, especially in an environment where the panel is exposed to strong or long-term solar radiation, which is followed by strengthening the support ( toughening
process) may be required. However, the durability of the coating allows the outermost surface of the panel to be coated, thus reducing heating effects.
【００２１】好ましくは支持体は着色ガラスから形成さ
れる。本発明による被覆とガラスの材料中の着色の組合
せが必要な低い視感透過率及び高い選択性の達成を容易
にすることを見出した。車両のルーフ、側面又は後面窓
に使用されるガラスのために一般的に好適な色は灰（グ
レー）及び緑（グリーン）である。Preferably the support is formed from tinted glass. It has been found that the combination of the coating according to the invention and the coloring in the glass material facilitates the achievement of the required low luminous transmission and high selectivity. Generally preferred colors for glass used for vehicle roofs, side or rear windows are grey (green) and green (green).
【００２２】錫／アンチモン酸化物被覆は好ましくは４
００〜８００ｎｍ、より好ましくは４５０〜７００ｎｍ
の厚さを有する。かかる厚さは十分なレベルの光透過率
を保持しながら、低い全透過エネルギーファクター（Ｔ
Ｅ）の達成を可能にする。錫／アンチモン酸化物の薄い
層（特に低いＳｂ／Ｓｎモル比率を有する層）は必要な
低い視感透過率及び高い選択性を有するだけでなく、低
いソーラファクター（ＦＳ）及び低い輻射率の有利な組
合せを有するガラスパネルを提供することができる。The tin / antimony oxide coating is preferably 4
00-800 nm, more preferably 450-700 nm
Having a thickness of Such a thickness has a low total transmission energy factor (T
Enables the achievement of E). Thin layers of tin / antimony oxide (especially layers with a low Sb / Sn molar ratio) not only have the required low luminous transmission and high selectivity, but also have the advantage of low solar factor (FS) and low emissivity. It is possible to provide a glass panel having various combinations.
【００２３】支持体のガラスと錫／アンチモン酸化物被
覆層の間の相互作用を防止することが本発明にとって有
用である。例えば、ソーダライムガラス支持体上での塩
化錫からの酸化錫被覆の熱分解形成では、塩化ナトリウ
ムが被覆プリカーサー材料とガラスの反応の結果として
の被覆又はその反応生成物中に混入される傾向があり、
これは被覆内に曇りを導くことがわかった。従って、中
間曇り減少被覆層を、必要なら支持体と錫／アンチモン
酸化物被覆層の間に設けることができる。かかる中間層
は低輻射透過率パネルには一般に必要ではない。なぜな
らば曇りはあまり目立たないからである。もし使用する
なら、それは約１００ｎｍ程度の幾何学的厚さを有する
ケイ素酸化物を含むことができる。ソーダライムガラス
上に下塗りされたシリコン酸化物の存在は、上層の形成
中又は続いての高温処理中のいずれかに拡散によって又
は別の方法によってガラスから錫／アンチモン酸化物被
覆層中にナトリウムイオンが移行することを阻止する利
点を有する。Preventing the interaction between the glass of the support and the tin / antimony oxide coating is useful for the present invention. For example, the pyrolytic formation of a tin oxide coating from tin chloride on a soda lime glass support tends to incorporate sodium chloride into the coating or its reaction products as a result of the reaction of the coated precursor material with the glass. Yes,
This has been found to lead to haze in the coating. Therefore, an intermediate haze reduction coating layer can be provided between the support and the tin / antimony oxide coating layer if desired. Such interlayers are generally not needed for low radiation transmission panels. Because cloudiness is not so noticeable. If used, it can include silicon oxide having a geometric thickness on the order of about 100 nm. The presence of primed silicon oxide on soda lime glass indicates the presence of sodium ions in the tin / antimony oxide coating from the glass either by diffusion, either during formation of the overlayer or during subsequent high temperature processing, or by other methods. Have the advantage of preventing migration.
【００２４】本発明によるパネルは車両ルーフパネル、
例えばチルティング又はスライディングサンルーフとし
て使用することに特に良く適しており、車両ルーフ面積
の全体を形成することにも適している。それは車両側面
又は後面窓としても有利に使用することができる。The panel according to the invention is a vehicle roof panel,
It is particularly well suited for use, for example, as tilting or sliding sunroofs, and also for forming the entire vehicle roof area. It can also be used advantageously as a vehicle side or rear window.
【００２５】３５％より低い視感透過率を有するガラス
は、特にパネルがルーフ面積のほとんど又は全てを形成
する場合、車両ルーフパネルとして有利である。本発明
によれば、このように低いレベルの視感透過率が要求さ
れるが、車両の内部の自然の照明に貢献するためガラス
パネルはある程度の可視光を透過することも望まれる。Glass having a luminous transmission of less than 35% is advantageous as a vehicle roof panel, especially when the panel forms most or all of the roof area. According to the present invention, such a low level of luminous transmittance is required, but it is also desired that the glass panel transmits a certain amount of visible light in order to contribute to natural illumination inside the vehicle.
【００２６】低レベルの視感透過率と組合せた高レベル
の選択性の被覆は低いソーラエネルギー透過率を可能に
する。本発明によって与えられた選択性は本質的に少な
くとも１．３であり、好ましくは少なくとも１．５であ
る。実際には２に近い選択性の値を達成できることが本
発明の特有の利点である。A high level of selectivity coating combined with a low level of luminous transmission allows for low solar energy transmission. The selectivity afforded by the present invention is essentially at least 1.3, preferably at least 1.5. In fact, it is a particular advantage of the present invention that a selectivity value close to 2 can be achieved.
【００２７】エネルギー透過率（ＴＥ）はそれゆえ好ま
しくは１５％より少なく、最も好ましくは１０％より少
ない。かかる低エネルギー透過率は車両のエアコンディ
ショニング装置に対する負荷を減少することに役立つ。The energy transmission rate (TE) is therefore preferably less than 15%, most preferably less than 10%. Such low energy transmission helps to reduce the load on the vehicle air conditioning system.
【００２８】全体のルーフパネルに対して、２の選択性
を与える、ちょうど５％のエネルギー透過率及び１０％
の低さの視感透過率を有するパネルを使用することが有
利である。開口するルーフパネルに対して、いくぶん高
い透過率が一般に好まれ、例えば２に近い選択性を与え
る、約１２％のエネルギー透過率及び約２０％の視感透
過率が挙げられる。Energy selectivity of just 5% and 10%, giving a selectivity of 2 for the whole roof panel
It is advantageous to use a panel that has a low luminous transmittance. For open roof panels, somewhat higher transmission is generally preferred, for example an energy transmission of about 12% and a luminous transmission of about 20%, which gives a selectivity close to 2.
【００２９】被覆中のＳｂ／Ｓｎモル比率は好ましくは
０．０７〜０．２０、最も好ましくは０．０８〜０．１
５の範囲である。光学品質に影響を及ぼすのに十分な量
を存在させないで、必要な低い透過率特性を与えるのに
効果的である十分なアンチモンを有する必要性から好適
な範囲が決まる。The Sb / Sn molar ratio in the coating is preferably 0.07 to 0.20, most preferably 0.08 to 0.1.
The range is 5. A suitable range is determined by the need to have sufficient antimony to be effective in providing the required low transmission properties without being present in an amount sufficient to affect optical quality.
【００３０】好都合なことに被覆は単に錫／アンチモン
酸化物の単一層を含んでいる。しかしながら、一定の所
望の光学品質を達成するために、熱分解によって又は他
の被覆法によって適用されるにかかわらず、１以上のさ
らなる被覆層を与えることができる。しかし、熱分解に
よって適用されるときの錫／アンチモン酸化物層は露出
された層として好適に作用するのに十分な機械的耐久性
と耐薬品性を有する。また前記層は車両の内部に面する
支持体の表面に適用することができる。Conveniently the coating comprises only a single layer of tin / antimony oxide. However, one or more additional coating layers can be provided, whether applied by pyrolysis or by other coating methods, to achieve a certain desired optical quality. However, the tin / antimony oxide layer when applied by pyrolysis has sufficient mechanical durability and chemical resistance to suitably act as an exposed layer. The layer can also be applied to the surface of the support facing the interior of the vehicle.
【００３１】本発明によるパネルは車両ガラスのために
特に有利である可視光の低反射性を有する。好ましくは
可視光の反射性（ＲＬ）は１２％より低く、典型的には
５〜１２％であることができる。The panel according to the invention has a low reflectance of visible light, which is particularly advantageous for vehicle glasses. Preferably the visible light reflectivity (RL) is lower than 12%, typically 5-12%.
【００３２】本発明によるパネルは単一又は多数のガラ
ス集成体に据えつけることができる。被覆層は液体状態
の反応体を例えばスプレーノズルによってスプレーする
ことによって熱い支持体に適用される。液体スプレーは
化学蒸着（ＣＶＤ）の他の熱分解法の精度に劣るが、本
発明のように薄い被覆層の付着には便利で安価な方法で
ある。実際ＣＶＤは一般に薄い被覆の形成のためには便
利な方法ではない。The panels according to the present invention can be mounted on single or multiple glass assemblies. The coating layer is applied to the hot support by spraying the liquid state reactants, for example by a spray nozzle. Liquid spraying is inferior in accuracy to other thermal decomposition methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), but is a convenient and inexpensive method for depositing a thin coating layer as in the present invention. In fact, CVD is generally not a convenient method for forming thin coatings.
【００３３】特に着色された支持体に被覆を適用する好
適な例では、被覆の厚さ又は均一性において、スプレー
法の使用から生じる変化をほとんど見ることができな
い。好ましくは錫の出所はＳｎＣｌ2 であり、アンチモ
ンの出所はＳｂＣｌ3 であり、両方の材料がスプレー操
作のために水に加えられる。溶解された有機金属を使用
することもできる。In the preferred example of applying the coating to a particularly pigmented support, very little change in the thickness or uniformity of the coating resulting from the use of the spray method can be seen. Preferably the tin source is SnCl 2 and the antimony source is SbCl 3 and both materials are added to the water for spraying operations. It is also possible to use dissolved organometallics.
【００３４】熱分解被覆平板ガラスを製造することが望
まれるとき、ガラスが新しく形成されるときにそうする
ことが最もよい。そうすることは熱分解反応を起こすた
めにガラスを再加熱する必要性が全くないという経済的
な利益をもたらし、しかもそれはガラスの表面が初期条
件であることを保証するので被覆の品質に関して利益を
もたらす。従って、好ましくは前記被覆プリカーサー材
料は新しく形成された平板ガラスによって構成される熱
いガラス支持体の上面と接触される。When it is desired to produce pyrolytically coated flat glass, it is best done when the glass is newly formed. Doing so has the economic benefit that there is no need to reheat the glass to cause the pyrolysis reaction, and it guarantees that the surface of the glass is in an initial condition, thus providing a benefit in terms of coating quality. Bring Therefore, preferably the coated precursor material is contacted with the upper surface of a hot glass support constituted by a newly formed flat glass.
【００３５】従って、本発明によるガラスパネルは次の
ように製造することができる。熱分解被覆工程は少なく
とも４００℃の温度で、現実的には５５０℃〜７５０℃
で実施することができる。Therefore, the glass panel according to the present invention can be manufactured as follows. The pyrolysis coating step is at a temperature of at least 400 ° C, practically 550 ° C-750 ° C
Can be implemented in.
【００３６】各被覆を形成するため、支持体は被覆チャ
ンバー内でアンチモン−及び錫−含有反応体を含む液滴
のスプレーと接触される。スプレーは被覆されるべきリ
ボンの幅にわたって被覆を与える道（path）に従うよう
に配列された１以上のスプレーノズルによって適用され
る。To form each coating, the support is contacted in the coating chamber with a spray of droplets containing antimony- and tin-containing reactants. The spray is applied by one or more spray nozzles arranged to follow a coating-providing path across the width of the ribbon to be coated.
【００３７】スプレー熱分解法では完成した被覆中のＳ
ｂ／Ｓｎモル比率は反応体混合物の比率に直接比例せ
ず、実際にはそれとは実質的に異なる。被覆中へのアン
チモンの混入レベルはスプレー速度、ガラスのタイプ及
びガラス温度のようなパラメータによってかなり影響を
及ぼされる。それゆえ出発割合から被覆割合を計算する
試みは信頼できず、いつも特定の例において必要な被覆
割合を満たすように出発割合を決定する予備的な試験を
企てる必要がある。In the spray pyrolysis method, S in the completed coating is
The b / Sn molar ratio is not directly proportional to the ratio of the reactant mixture and is in fact substantially different from it. The level of incorporation of antimony in the coating is significantly influenced by parameters such as spray rate, glass type and glass temperature. Attempts to calculate the coverage percentage from the starting percentage are therefore unreliable and it is always necessary to attempt a preliminary test to determine the starting percentage so as to meet the required coverage percentage in a particular example.
【００３８】付着後、被覆は所望の従来からの研磨手段
を使用して磨くことが好ましい。被覆された製品は望む
なら焼戻し（tempering ）に供してもよい。After application, the coating is preferably polished using the desired conventional polishing means. The coated product may be subjected to tempering if desired.
【００３９】[0039]
【実施例】本発明は以下の限定されない実施例によって
さらに詳細に説明されるだろう。The present invention will be explained in more detail by the following non-limiting examples.
【００４０】実施例では被覆層中のＳｂ／Ｓｎモル比率
は各要素のＸ線カウント数を比較するＸ線分析技術によ
って測定される。この技術は化学放射線量による較正が
なされた場合ほど正確ではないが、アンチモン及び錫の
類似性（similarity）はそれらがＸ線に類似して反応す
る（respond similarly）ことを意味する。従って各要
素の観察されたカウントの測定数の比率はそれらのモル
比率に近い近似を与える。In the examples, the Sb / Sn molar ratio in the coating is measured by an X-ray analysis technique comparing the X-ray counts of each element. This technique is not as accurate as when calibrated by actinic radiation, but the similarity of antimony and tin means that they respond similarly to X-rays. Thus, the ratio of the observed counts of each element gives a close approximation to their molar ratio.
【００４１】実施例 １−２１ 全ての実施例においてＳｂ／Ｓｎ混合物を水性混合物中
で４ｍｍの厚さを有する熱いガラス支持体の可動リボン
（moving ribbon）に適用した。下記表Ａに示すように
幾つかの異なるタイプのガラスを使用した。この表及び
他の以下の表の見出しのイニシャル（ＴＬ，ＴＥなど）
は前述した意味を有する。表Ｃ中のＦＳｐ１及びＦＳｐ
２の欄はそれぞれ光源に面するガラスの側（部分１）及
び光源から遠い側（部分２）でのソーラファクターに関
する。他に特記しない限り、表中の特性は光源Ｃのもと
で測定された。記載された条件のもとで光源Ｃ及び光源
Ａ（自動車の分野でより一般に使用される）を使用した
場合の両者のＴＬの差を最小にした。それは測定の日常
的誤差と同じ大きさである。Examples 1-21 In all examples the Sb / Sn mixture was applied in a water-based mixture to a moving ribbon of hot glass support having a thickness of 4 mm. Several different types of glass were used, as shown in Table A below. Initials (TL, TE, etc.) for headings in this and other tables below
Has the above-mentioned meaning. FSp1 and FSp in Table C
Columns 2 relate to the solar factor on the side of the glass facing the light source (part 1) and on the side remote from the light source (part 2), respectively. Unless stated otherwise, the properties in the table were measured under illuminant C. The difference in TL between the light source C and the light source A (more commonly used in the field of automobiles) under the described conditions was minimized. It is as large as the routine error of measurement.
【００４２】各場合において混合物は下記表Ｂに示す割
合で混合物１リットルあたりＳｎＣｌ2 及びＳｂＣｌ3
を（全部で）約１０００ｇ含有する被覆プリカーサー溶
液であった。リボンの幅にわたる道に従ったレシプロコ
ーティング（reciprocoating）スプレーノズルによって
その溶液を支持体に適用した。In each case, the mixture was SnCl 2 and SbCl 3 per liter of mixture in the proportions shown in Table B below.
Was about 1000 g (total). The solution was applied to the support by a reciprocoating spray nozzle that followed a path across the width of the ribbon.
【００４３】[0043]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４４】スプレーした錫及びアンチモン成分は反応
し、ガラス上に熱分解錫酸化物被覆を形成した。使用し
たパラメーター及び得られた結果を表Ｂ及びＣに示す。The sprayed tin and antimony components reacted to form a pyrolytic tin oxide coating on the glass. The parameters used and the results obtained are shown in Tables B and C.
【００４５】実施例４及び５は必要な被覆厚さ及び選択
性に関して本願の請求項の条件を満足せず、実施例５の
場合には必要な視感透過率に関しても満足しないことに
気づくだろう。これらの実施例は請求項の範囲外で操作
するとどのような劣った結果を生みだすかを示すための
比較のために含まれる。It has been found that Examples 4 and 5 do not meet the requirements of the claims of this application with respect to the required coating thickness and selectivity, and in the case of Example 5 they also do not satisfy the required luminous transmittance. Let's do it. These examples are included for comparison to show what inferior results would be produced if operated outside the scope of the claims.
【００４６】[0046]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４７】[0047]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００４８】実施例１４及び２０に対する変形例として
７３０ｎｍの厚さ及び０．１０のＳｂ／Ｓｎ比率を有す
る被覆を得た。両方の場合においてその特性はもとの実
施例１４及び２０と実質的に同じであった。As a modification to Examples 14 and 20, coatings having a thickness of 730 nm and an Sb / Sn ratio of 0.10. In both cases the properties were substantially the same as the original Examples 14 and 20.
【００４９】全ての実施例において被覆された支持体は
４７０〜４９０ｎｍの主波長（λＤ）及び０．７〜１．
１の曇り度を有し、透過する青色相を有していた。In all the examples, the coated support had a dominant wavelength (λD) of 470 to 490 nm and 0.7 to 1.
It had a haze of 1 and had a transparent blue hue.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 ミシェル・アノティオ ベルギー国ベ 1370 ピエトラン、リュ、 ド、シャントレーヌ 11 (72)発明者 アラン・シュト ベルギー国ベ 6041 ゴセリエ、ルート、 ド、ポン、タ、ミニェル 25 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───Continued from the front page (72) Inventor Michel Anotio 1370 Pietlan, Ryu, de, Chantreine, Belgium 11 (72) Inventor Alan Stut Bet 6041, Belgium Goselier, route, de, pon, ta, Minjer 25
Claims (13)
及びアンチモンを０．０５〜０．５のＳｂ／Ｓｎモル比
率で含有するスプレー形成熱分解錫／アンチモン酸化物
被覆層を担持するガラス支持体を含み、被覆された支持
体が３５％より少ない視感透過率（ＴＬ）及び少なくと
も１．３の選択性（ＴＬ／ＴＥ）を有するガラスパネル
（glazing panel）。1. A glass support having a thickness of at least 400 nm and carrying a spray-formed pyrolytic tin / antimony oxide coating layer containing tin and antimony in a Sb / Sn molar ratio of 0.05 to 0.5. A glazing panel comprising the body, the coated support having a luminous transmission (TL) of less than 35% and a selectivity (TL / TE) of at least 1.3.
請求項１記載のガラスパネル。2. A glass panel according to claim 1, wherein the glass support is made of tinted glass.
〜８００ｎｍの厚さを有する請求項１又は２記載のガラ
スパネル。3. A tin / antimony oxide coating of 400 nm.
The glass panel of claim 1 or 2 having a thickness of ~ 800 nm.
〜７００ｎｍの厚さを有する請求項１〜３のいずれか記
載のガラスパネル。4. The tin / antimony oxide coating is 450 nm.
The glass panel according to claim 1, having a thickness of ˜700 nm.
選択性を有する請求項１〜４のいずれか記載のガラスパ
ネル。5. The glass panel according to claim 1, wherein the coated support has a selectivity of at least 1.5.
ネルギー透過率（ＴＥ）を有する請求項１〜５のいずれ
か記載のガラスパネル。6. A glass panel according to claim 1, wherein the coated support has an energy transmission (TE) of less than 15%.
ネルギー透過率（ＴＥ）を有する請求項６記載のガラス
パネル。7. A glass panel according to claim 6, wherein the coated support has an energy transmission (TE) of less than 10%.
０である請求項１〜７のいずれか記載のガラスパネル。8. The Sb / Sn molar ratio is 0.07 to 0.2.
It is 0, The glass panel in any one of Claims 1-7.
５である請求項８記載のガラスパネル。9. The Sb / Sn molar ratio is 0.08 to 0.1.
The glass panel according to claim 8, which is 5.
ある請求項１〜９のいずれか記載のガラスパネル。10. The glass panel according to claim 1, wherein the tin / antimony oxide coating is a single layer.
された被覆層である請求項１〜１０のいずれか記載のガ
ラスパネル。11. The glass panel according to claim 1, wherein the tin / antimony oxide coating is an exposed coating layer.
低い請求項１〜１１のいずれか記載のガラスパネル。12. The glass panel according to claim 1, which has a reflectance (RL) of visible light lower than 12%.
の請求項１〜１２のいずれか記載のガラスパネル。13. A glass panel according to any of claims 1 to 12 for use as a vehicle roof panel.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9511691.9A GB9511691D0 (en) | 1995-06-09 | 1995-06-09 | A glazing panel having solar screening properties and a process for making such a panel |
| GB9511691.9 | 1995-06-09 | ||
| GB9514190.9 | 1995-07-12 | ||
| GBGB9514190.9A GB9514190D0 (en) | 1995-07-12 | 1995-07-12 | A glazing panel having solar screening properties and a process for making such a panel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08337437A true JPH08337437A (en) | 1996-12-24 |
Family
ID=26307189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8165370A Pending JPH08337437A (en) | 1995-06-09 | 1996-06-04 | Glass panel having sun screening property |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08337437A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT408978B (en) |
| BE (2) | BE1010322A5 (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2178032A1 (en) |
| CZ (2) | CZ290187B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19622898B4 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES2126487B1 (en) |
| FR (2) | FR2735123B1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU221059B1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL118558A (en) |
| IT (2) | IT1285388B1 (en) |
| LU (1) | LU88767A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL1003294C2 (en) |
| PL (2) | PL179768B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT101879B (en) |
| SE (2) | SE513945C2 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199600490A2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000103648A (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-04-11 | Elf Atochem North America Inc | Solar control coated glass |
| JP2003535004A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2003-11-25 | リビー−オーウェンズ−フォード・カンパニー | Glassware with solar control coating |
| JP2004522673A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2004-07-29 | ピーピージー・インダストリーズ・オハイオ・インコーポレイテッド | Process for producing coated articles and coated articles produced thereby |
| FR2899978A1 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2007-10-19 | Jacob Dahan | Screen e.g. LCD screen, masking device for e.g. flat screen TV, has glass faceplate with rear face including opaque cover made of black polyvinyl chloride and constituting opaque base of faceplate so as to transform faceplate into mirror |
| KR101137370B1 (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2012-04-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Multi-sheet glazing unit |
| JP2023098166A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-07-10 | Ａｇｃ株式会社 | Substrate with laminate film |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09169545A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-30 | Th Goldschmidt Ag | Method for pyrolytically forming layer comprising tin oxide doped with antimony oxide and lowering transmittance on glass or glass ceramic and composition therefor |
| US6124026A (en) * | 1997-07-07 | 2000-09-26 | Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. | Anti-reflective, reduced visible light transmitting coated glass article |
| LU90432B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-02 | Glaverbel | Pyrolytic phosphostannate or borostannate layer and glazing comprising this layer |
| HUE054328T2 (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2021-09-28 | Saint Gobain | Pane with coating that reflects thermal radiation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB639561A (en) * | 1946-05-02 | 1950-06-28 | Corning Glass Works | Improvements in and relating to glass with electrically heated coatings |
| US2564707A (en) * | 1947-09-03 | 1951-08-21 | Corning Glass Works | Electrically conducting coatings on glass and other ceramic bodies |
| BE559218A (en) * | 1956-08-27 | |||
| NL283589A (en) * | 1966-09-22 | |||
| IT996924B (en) * | 1972-12-21 | 1975-12-10 | Glaverbel | PROCEDURE FOR FORMING A LAYER OF METALLIC OXIDE |
| GB1517341A (en) * | 1975-01-02 | 1978-07-12 | Day Specialties | Coating solutions for dielectric materials |
| GB1524326A (en) * | 1976-04-13 | 1978-09-13 | Bfg Glassgroup | Coating of glass |
| CH628600A5 (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1982-03-15 | Siv Soc Italiana Vetro | PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUSLY DEPOSITING, ON THE SURFACE OF A SUBSTRATE CARRIED AT HIGH TEMPERATURE, A LAYER OF A SOLID MATERIAL AND INSTALLATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS PROCESS. |
| BE889217A (en) * | 1980-06-19 | 1981-12-15 | Bfg Glassgroup | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FORMING A UNIFORM COATING WITH MULTIPLE COMPONENTS |
| GB2078213B (en) * | 1980-06-19 | 1983-10-26 | Bfg Glassgroup | Forming uniform multiconstituent coatings on glass |
| JPS60141648A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-26 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Antifogging glass |
| DE3413587A1 (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1985-10-17 | Flachglas AG, 8510 Fürth | METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE TIN DIOXIDE INTERFERENCE LAYER (S), IN PARTICULAR FROM HEAT-REFLECTING-COATED GLASS DISKS BY REACTIVE MAGNETRONIC SPRAYING, TIN TARGET TO ITS IMPLEMENTATION, AND ALSO ITSELF, AS WELL AS ITSELF |
| KR900000082B1 (en) * | 1986-02-08 | 1990-01-19 | 니혼 엑스란 고오교오 가부시끼가이샤 | Transparent water solution of tin compound and production of electrically conductive tin oxide |
| US4859496A (en) * | 1986-09-02 | 1989-08-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of producing an electrically-conductive transparent film |
| GB8630791D0 (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1987-02-04 | Glaverbel | Coating glass |
| KR950013731B1 (en) * | 1988-08-24 | 1995-11-15 | 쇼쿠바이 가세이 고교 가부시끼가이샤 | Coating fluid for forming tramsparent conductive cermamaic coating base material coated with trasparent conductived cermamic |
| GB8914047D0 (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1989-08-09 | Glaverbel | Method of and apparatus for pyrolytically forming an oxide coating on a hot glass substrate |
| JP2762608B2 (en) * | 1989-09-14 | 1998-06-04 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Near infrared cut glass and method for producing the same |
| GB2247691B (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1994-11-23 | Glaverbel | Method of coating glass |
| FR2677639B1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1994-02-25 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Internal | TECHNIQUE FOR FORMING BY PYROLYSIS IN A GASEOUS WAY A COATING BASED ON OXYGEN AND SILICON. |
| JPH05294673A (en) * | 1992-04-17 | 1993-11-09 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Production of glass coated with transparent electrically conductive film |
-
1996
- 1996-06-03 CA CA002178032A patent/CA2178032A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-03 CA CA002178033A patent/CA2178033C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-04 IT IT96TO000478A patent/IT1285388B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-06-04 JP JP8165370A patent/JPH08337437A/en active Pending
- 1996-06-04 IT IT96TO000479A patent/IT1285389B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-06-04 IL IL11855896A patent/IL118558A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-04 BE BE9600497A patent/BE1010322A5/en active
- 1996-06-04 BE BE9600496A patent/BE1010321A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-05 AT AT0097796A patent/AT408978B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-05 LU LU88767A patent/LU88767A1/en unknown
- 1996-06-05 PT PT101879A patent/PT101879B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-06 FR FR9607034A patent/FR2735123B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-06 ES ES009601249A patent/ES2126487B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-06 FR FR9607035A patent/FR2735124B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-06 ES ES009601248A patent/ES2126486B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-07 NL NL1003294A patent/NL1003294C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 PL PL96314664A patent/PL179768B1/en unknown
- 1996-06-07 DE DE19622898A patent/DE19622898B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-07 SE SE9602268A patent/SE513945C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 CZ CZ19961678A patent/CZ290187B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 TR TR96/00490A patent/TR199600490A2/en unknown
- 1996-06-07 CZ CZ19961679A patent/CZ295505B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 HU HU9601586A patent/HU221059B1/en unknown
- 1996-06-07 SE SE9602269A patent/SE514055C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-07 DE DE19622899A patent/DE19622899B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-07 PL PL96314663A patent/PL179769B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000103648A (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-04-11 | Elf Atochem North America Inc | Solar control coated glass |
| JP4538116B2 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2010-09-08 | アーケマ・インコーポレイテッド | Solar control coated glass |
| JP2003535004A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2003-11-25 | リビー−オーウェンズ−フォード・カンパニー | Glassware with solar control coating |
| JP4685304B2 (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2011-05-18 | ピルキングトン・ノースアメリカ・インコーポレイテッド | Glass products with solar control coating |
| JP2004522673A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2004-07-29 | ピーピージー・インダストリーズ・オハイオ・インコーポレイテッド | Process for producing coated articles and coated articles produced thereby |
| FR2899978A1 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2007-10-19 | Jacob Dahan | Screen e.g. LCD screen, masking device for e.g. flat screen TV, has glass faceplate with rear face including opaque cover made of black polyvinyl chloride and constituting opaque base of faceplate so as to transform faceplate into mirror |
| KR101137370B1 (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2012-04-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Multi-sheet glazing unit |
| US8373922B2 (en) | 2009-11-18 | 2013-02-12 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Window having a light transmittance-adjusting layer |
| JP2023098166A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-07-10 | Ａｇｃ株式会社 | Substrate with laminate film |
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