JP6567210B1 - ラップドvベルト - Google Patents
ラップドvベルト Download PDFInfo
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- JP6567210B1 JP6567210B1 JP2019092307A JP2019092307A JP6567210B1 JP 6567210 B1 JP6567210 B1 JP 6567210B1 JP 2019092307 A JP2019092307 A JP 2019092307A JP 2019092307 A JP2019092307 A JP 2019092307A JP 6567210 B1 JP6567210 B1 JP 6567210B1
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- rubber layer
- rubber
- belt
- layer
- compressed
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
本発明では、圧縮ゴム層は、ベルト外周側に積層された第1圧縮ゴム層と、この第1圧縮ゴム層よりもゴム硬度が低く、かつベルト内周側に積層された第2圧縮ゴム層とを含む二層以上の積層構造を有しており、伸張ゴム層のゴム硬度を第1圧縮ゴム層よりも低く、第2圧縮ゴム層よりも高く調整することにより、ベルトの耐側性を向上できる。
(A)ゴム成分
第1圧縮ゴム層を形成する加硫ゴム組成物を構成するゴム成分としては、公知の加硫または架橋可能なゴムおよび/またはエラストマーから選択でき、例えば、ジエン系ゴム[天然ゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム(CR)、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)、ビニルピリジン−スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ゴム、アクリロニトリルブタジエンゴム(ニトリルゴム);水素化ニトリルゴム(水素化ニトリルゴムと不飽和カルボン酸金属塩との混合ポリマーを含む)などの前記ジエン系ゴムの水添物など]、オレフィン系ゴム[例えば、エチレン−α−オレフィン系ゴム(エチレン−α−オレフィンエラストマー)、ポリオクテニレンゴム、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、アルキル化クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴムなど]、エピクロルヒドリンゴム、アクリル系ゴム、シリコーンゴム、ウレタンゴム、フッ素ゴムなどが例示できる。これらのゴム成分は、単独でまたは二種以上組み合わせて使用できる。
前記加硫ゴム組成物は、前記ゴム成分に加えて短繊維をさらに含んでいてもよい。短繊維としては、例えば、ポリオレフィン系繊維(例えば、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維など)、ポリアミド繊維(例えば、ポリアミド6繊維、ポリアミド66繊維、ポリアミド46繊維、アラミド繊維など)、ポリアルキレンアリレート系繊維[例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)繊維、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート(PTT)繊維、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)繊維、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)繊維などのC2−4アルキレンC8−14アリレート系繊維など]、ビニロン繊維、ポリビニルアルコール系繊維、ポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール(PBO)繊維などの合成繊維;綿、麻、羊毛などの天然繊維;炭素繊維などの無機繊維などが挙げられる。これらの短繊維は、単独でまたは二種以上組み合わせて使用できる。
前記加硫ゴム組成物は、前記ゴム成分に加えてフィラーをさらに含んでいてもよい。フィラーとしては、例えば、カーボンブラック、シリカ、クレー、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、マイカなどが挙げられる。フィラーは、補強性フィラーを含む場合が多く、このような補強性フィラーは、カーボンブラック、補強性シリカなどであってもよい。なお、通常、シリカの補強性は、カーボンブラックの補強性よりも小さい。これらのフィラーは、単独でまたは二種以上組み合わせて使用できる。本発明では、耐側圧性を向上させるため、補強性フィラーを含むのが好ましく、カーボンブラックを含むのが特に好ましい。
前記加硫ゴム組成物は、必要に応じて、加硫剤または架橋剤、共架橋剤、加硫助剤、加硫促進剤、加硫遅延剤、金属酸化物(酸化カルシウム、酸化バリウム、酸化鉄、酸化銅、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウムなど)、軟化剤(パラフィンオイル、ナフテン系オイルなどのオイル類など)、加工剤または加工助剤(例えば、ステアリン酸などの脂肪酸、ステアリン酸金属塩などの脂肪酸金属塩、ステアリン酸アマイドなどの脂肪酸アマイド、ワックス、パラフィンなど)、接着性改善剤[例えば、レゾルシン−ホルムアルデヒド共縮合物(RF縮合物)、アミノ樹脂(窒素含有環状化合物とホルムアルデヒドとの縮合物、例えば、ヘキサメチロールメラミン、ヘキサアルコキシメチルメラミン(ヘキサメトキシメチルメラミン、ヘキサブトキシメチルメラミンなど)などのメラミン樹脂、メチロール尿素などの尿素樹脂、メチロールベンゾグアナミン樹脂などのベンゾグアナミン樹脂など)、これらの共縮合物(レゾルシン−メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド共縮合物など)など]、老化防止剤(酸化防止剤、熱老化防止剤、屈曲き裂防止剤、オゾン劣化防止剤など)、着色剤、粘着付与剤、可塑剤、滑剤、カップリング剤(シランカップリング剤など)、安定剤(紫外線吸収剤、熱安定剤など)、難燃剤、帯電防止剤などを含んでいてもよい。なお、金属酸化物は、架橋剤として作用してもよい。また、接着性改善剤において、レゾルシン−ホルムアルデヒド共縮合物およびアミノ樹脂は、レゾルシンおよび/またはメラミンなどの窒素含有環状化合物とホルムアルデヒドとの初期縮合物(プレポリマー)であってもよい。
第2圧縮ゴム層を形成する加硫ゴム組成物を構成するゴム成分としては、第1圧縮ゴム層のゴム成分(A)として例示されたゴム成分を利用でき、好ましい態様も第1圧縮ゴム層のゴム成分(A)と同様である。
伸張ゴム層のゴム硬度は、前述のように、第2圧縮ゴム層のゴム硬度よりも高く、かつ第1圧縮ゴム層のゴム硬度よりも低い。
芯体層は、芯体を含んでいればよく、前述のように、芯体のみで形成された芯体層であってもよいが、層間の剥離を抑制し、ベルト耐久性を向上できる点から、芯体が埋設された加硫ゴム組成物で形成された芯体層(接着ゴム層)であるのが好ましい。芯体が埋設された加硫ゴム組成物で形成された芯体層は、通常、接着ゴム層と称され、ゴム成分を含む加硫ゴム組成物で形成された層内に、芯体が埋設されている。接着ゴム層は、伸張ゴム層と圧縮ゴム層(特に第1圧縮ゴム層)の間に介在して伸張ゴム層と圧縮ゴム層とを接着するとともに、接着ゴム層には芯体が埋設されている。
接着ゴム層を形成する加硫ゴム組成物のゴム硬度Hsは、例えば72〜80°、好ましくは73〜78°、さらに好ましくは75〜77°程度である。ゴム硬度が小さすぎると、耐側圧性が低下する虞があり、逆に大きすぎると、芯体の周囲の加硫ゴム組成物が剛直となって芯体が屈曲しにくくなり、接着ゴム層の発熱劣化(亀裂)、芯体の屈曲疲労などが生じて、芯体が剥離する虞がある。
芯体層に含まれる芯体は、通常、ベルト幅方向に所定の間隔で配列した心線(撚りコード)である。心線は、ベルトの長手方向に延びて配設され、通常、ベルトの長手方向に平行に所定のピッチで並列的に延びて配設されている。芯体は、接着ゴム層に埋設される場合、その一部が接着ゴム層に埋設されていればよく、耐久性を向上できる点から、接着ゴム層に心線が埋設された形態(心線の全体が接着ゴム層に完全に埋設された形態)が好ましい。芯体としては、心線が好ましい。
外被布(カバー布)は、慣用の布帛で形成されている。布帛としては、例えば、織布、編布(緯編布、経編布)、不織布などの布材などが挙げられる。これらのうち、平織、綾織、朱子織などの形態で製織した織布、経糸と緯糸との交差角が90°を超え120°以下程度の広角度で製織した織布、編布などが好ましく、一般産業用や農業機械用の伝動ベルトのカバー布として汎用されている織布[経糸と緯糸との交差角が直角である平織布、経糸と緯糸との交差角が90°を超え120°以下程度の広角度である平織布(広角度帆布)]が特に好ましい。さらに、耐久性が要求される用途では、広角度帆布であってもよい。
本発明のラップドVベルトは、圧縮ゴム層の内周面(内周側の表面)と外被布との間に補強布層をさらに含んでいてもよい。図3に、補強布層を備えた本発明のラップドVベルトの例を示す。この例では、ラップドVベルト11は、図2のラップドVベルトと同様に、伸張ゴム層12、芯体(心線)13を埋設した接着ゴム層14、第1圧縮ゴム層15a、第2圧縮ゴム層15bを備えた上で、図2のラップドVベルトとは異なり、第2圧縮ゴム層15bと外被布16との間に補強布層17が介在している。
本発明のラップドVベルトは、慣用の方法、例えば、特開平6−137381号公報、WO2015/104778号パンフレットに記載の方法などによって製造できる。
クロロプレンゴム:DENKA(株)製「PM−40」
酸化マグネシウム:協和化学工業(株)製「キョーワマグ30」
ステアリン酸:日油(株)製「ステアリン酸つばき」
老化防止剤:精工化学(株)製「ノンフレックスOD−3」
カーボンブラック:東海カーボン(株)製「シースト3」
シリカ:エボニックジャパン(株)製、「ULTRASIL(登録商標)VN3」、BET比表面積175m2/g
可塑剤:ADEKA(株)製「RS−700」
加硫促進剤:大内新興化学工業(株)製「ノクセラーTT」
酸化亜鉛:正同化学工業(株)製「酸化亜鉛3種」
ナフテン系オイル:出光興産(株)製「NS−900」
N,N’−m−フェニレンジマレイミド:大内新興化学工業(株)製「バルノックPM」
アラミド短繊維:帝人(株)製「コーネックス短繊維」、平均繊維長3mm、平均繊維径14μm、RFL液(レゾルシン2.6部、37%ホルマリン1.4部、ビニルピリジン−スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ラテックス(日本ゼオン(株)製)17.2部、水78.8部)で接着処理した固形分の付着率6質量%の短繊維
ポリエステル短繊維:帝人(株)製、平均短繊維長3mm。
アラミド繊維の撚りコード、平均線径1.985mm。
表1に示す配合のゴム組成物Aをバンバリーミキサーでゴム練りし、この練りゴムをカレンダーロールに通して所定厚みの未加硫圧延ゴムシートとして、接着ゴム層用シートを作製した。また、表1に示すゴム組成物Bをバンバリーミキサーでゴム練りし、フリクション用の塊状未加硫ゴム組成物を調製した。さらに、それぞれのゴム組成物の加硫物の硬度および引張弾性率を測定した結果も表1に示す。
表2および3に示す配合のゴム組成物C〜Lをバンバリーミキサーでゴム練りし、この練りゴムをカレンダーロールに通して所定厚みの未加硫圧延ゴムシートとして、第1圧縮ゴム層用シート、第2圧縮ゴム層および伸張ゴム層用シートをそれぞれ作製した(表3は第2圧縮ゴム層用シートのみ)。さらに、それぞれのゴム組成物の加硫物の硬度および引張弾性率を測定した結果も表2および3に示す。
各ゴム層用シートを温度160℃、時間30分でプレス加硫し、加硫ゴムシート(100mm×100mm×2mm厚み)を作製した。加硫ゴムシートを3枚重ね合わせた積層物を試料とし、JIS K6253(2012)に準じ、デュロメータA形硬さ試験機を用いて硬度を測定した。なお、フリクション用の塊状未加硫ゴム組成物Bは、塊状ゴムから試験体をサンプリングし、カレンダーロールに通して所定厚みの未加硫圧延ゴムシートを調製した。
加硫ゴムのゴム硬度Hs測定のために作製した加硫ゴムシートを試料とし、JIS K6251(1993)に準じ、ダンベル状に打ち抜いた試験片を作製した。短繊維を含む試料においては、短繊維の配列方向(列理方向)が引張方向となるようにダンベル状に打ち抜いた。そして、試験片の両端をチャック(掴み具)で掴み、試験片を500mm/minの速度で引っ張ったときに、試験片が切断に至るまでの引張応力(引張弾性率)を測定した。
ポリエステル繊維と綿との混紡糸(ポリエステル繊維/綿=50/50質量比)の織布(120°広角織り、繊度は20番手の経糸と20番手の緯糸、経糸および緯糸の糸密度75本/50mm、目付量280g/m2)を、表1のゴム組成物Bを用いて、カレンダーロールの表面速度の異なるロール間にゴム組成物Bと織布と同時に通過させ、織布の織り目の間にまでゴム組成物Bを擦り込む方法でフリクション処理(織布表裏に対して各1回行う)して補強布前駆体および外被布前駆体を調製した。
ベルトの摩擦係数は、図4に示すように、切断したベルト21の一方の端部をロードセル22に固定し、他方の端部に3kgfの荷重23を載せ、プーリ24へのベルトの巻き付け角度を45°にしてベルト21をプーリ24に巻き付けた。そして、ロードセル22側のベルト21を30mm/秒の速度で15秒程度引張り、摩擦伝動面(外被布)の平均摩擦係数を測定した。なお、測定に際して、プーリ24は回転しないように固定した。
(JIS B形ラップドVベルト試験)
実施例および比較例で得られたラップドVベルトを用いて、図5に示すように、直径175mmの駆動(DR)プーリ、直径150mmの従動(Dn1)プーリ、直径162mmの従動(Dn2)プーリ、直径140mmの従動(Dn3)プーリ、直径80mmのテンション(Ten1)プーリ、直径127mmの従動(Dn4)プーリ、直径70mmのテンション(Ten2)プーリ、直径70mmのテンション(Ten3)プーリを配置した多軸レイアウトの試験機を用い、表4に示す条件でベルトを走行し、ベルトの転覆が発生する時間を評価した。耐転覆性の評価は、以下の基準で評価され、×、△、○、◎の順序で評価が高くなることを示す。
◎:転覆が発生するまでの時間が50時間以上
○:転覆が発生するまでの時間が40時間以上50時間未満
△:転覆が発生するまでの時間が30時間以上40時間未満
×:転覆が発生するまでの時間が30時間未満
実施例および比較例で得られたラップドVベルトを用いて、図6に示すように、直径261mmの駆動(DR)プーリ、直径224mmの従動(Dn1)プーリ、直径241mmの従動(Dn2)プーリ、直径209mmの従動(Dn3)プーリ、直径119mmのテンション(Ten1)プーリ、直径189mmの従動(Dn4)プーリ、直径104mmのテンション(Ten2)プーリ、直径104mmのテンション(Ten3)プーリを配置した多軸レイアウトの試験機を用い、表5に示す条件でベルトを走行し、ベルトの転覆が発生する時間を評価した。耐転覆性の評価は、以下の基準で評価され、×、△、○、◎の順序で評価が高くなることを示す。
◎:転覆が発生するまでの時間が50時間以上
○:転覆が発生するまでの時間が40時間以上50時間未満
△:転覆が発生するまでの時間が30時間以上40時間未満
×:転覆が発生するまでの時間が30時間未満
円筒状ドラムの外周面に、補強布前駆体と、表6〜9に示す第2圧縮ゴム層用シートと、表6〜9に示す第1圧縮ゴム層用シートとの積層体を裁断して載置した後、接着ゴム層用シート、心線、および表6〜9に示す伸張ゴム層用シートを、順次積層して貼着し、補強布前駆体と未加硫ゴム層と心線とが積層した筒状の未加硫スリーブを形成した。得られた未加硫スリーブを、円筒状ドラムの外周に配置された状態で、周方向に切断し、環状の未加硫ゴムベルトを形成した。なお、第1圧縮ゴム層、第2圧縮ゴム層および伸張ゴム層は、短繊維を含む場合は短繊維をベルト幅方向に配列させた。
円筒状ドラムの外周面に、補強布前駆体と、表10に示す第2圧縮ゴム層用シートと、表10に示す第1圧縮ゴム層用シートとの積層体を裁断して載置した後、接着ゴム層用シート、心線、および表10に示す伸張ゴム層用シートを、順次積層して貼着し、補強布前駆体と未加硫ゴム層と心線とが積層した筒状の未加硫スリーブを形成し、実施例1と同様の方法で未加硫ベルト成形体を形成した。
2,12…伸張ゴム層
3,13…芯体
4,14…芯体層(接着ゴム層)
5a,15a…第1圧縮ゴム層
5b,15b…第2圧縮ゴム層
6,16…外被布
17…補強布層
Claims (7)
- 芯体を含む芯体層と、この芯体層のベルト外周側に積層された伸張ゴム層と、前記芯体層のベルト内周側に積層された圧縮ゴム層と、ベルト外表面の全面を被覆する外被布とを含むラップドVベルトであって、前記圧縮ゴム層が、ベルト外周側に積層された第1圧縮ゴム層と、ベルト内周側に積層された第2圧縮ゴム層とを含み、伸張ゴム層のゴム硬度が、第2圧縮ゴム層のゴム硬度より高く、第1圧縮ゴム層のゴム硬度より低い、ラップドVベルト。
- 第1圧縮ゴム層の平均厚みが、圧縮ゴム層全体の平均厚みに対して90〜50%である請求項1記載のラップドVベルト。
- 伸張ゴム層のゴム硬度Hs(JIS A)が85〜90°、第1圧縮ゴム層のゴム硬度Hs(JIS A)が90〜95°、第2圧縮ゴム層のゴム硬度Hs(JIS A)が72〜80°の範囲内であり、第1圧縮ゴム層と第2圧縮ゴム層との前記ゴム硬度Hs(JIS A)の差が12〜21°、第1圧縮ゴム層と伸張ゴム層との前記ゴム硬度Hs(JIS A)の差が3〜10°である請求項1または2記載のラップドVベルト。
- 第1圧縮ゴム層と伸張ゴム層とのゴム硬度Hs(JIS A)の差が3〜5°である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のラップドVベルト。
- 伸張ゴム層のJIS K6251(1993)に準拠したベルト幅方向における引張弾性率(モジュラス)が17〜28MPa、第1圧縮ゴム層のJIS K6251(1993)に準拠したベルト幅方向における引張弾性率(モジュラス)が30〜40MPa、第2圧縮ゴム層のJIS K6251(1993)に準拠したベルト幅方向における引張弾性率(モジュラス)が13〜18MPaである請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のラップドVベルト。
- 伝動面である外被布の摩擦係数が0.91〜0.96である請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のラップドVベルト。
- 圧縮ゴム層の内周側の表面と、外被布との間に、補強布層が介在する請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のラップドVベルト。
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DE3836936C2 (de) * | 1988-10-31 | 1998-05-20 | Mitsuboshi Belting Ltd | Kraftübertragungsriemen |
JPH04138143U (ja) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-12-24 | 三ツ星ベルト株式会社 | 動力伝動用vベルト |
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