JP2014527124A - 摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法 - Google Patents
摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- GJNGXPDXRVXSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorobenzonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 GJNGXPDXRVXSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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Abstract
【解決手段】
タングステンカーバイド粉末をグラファイト素材よりなるモールド内に充填する段階と、タングステンカーバイド粉末が充填されたモールドを放電プラズマ焼結装置のチャンバ内に装着する装着段階と、チャンバの内部を真空化する真空化段階と、モールド内のタングステンカーバイド粉末に一定圧力を保ちながら設定された昇温パターンにより昇温させながら最終目標温度に達するまで成形する成形段階と、成形段階後モールド内に加圧された圧力を保ちながらチャンバの内部を冷却する冷却段階とを含む。本発明によれば、放電プラズマ焼結装置でパルス電流活性法を用いて摩擦攪拌接合用ツールに適するようにタングステンカーバイド製造時相対密度99.5%以上の高密度化が可能であり、単一工程で短時間内に粒子成長が殆どない均質な組織、高靱性、高耐摩耗性及び高強度を有しながら内外部の物性差のない均一な焼結体を製造でき、コバルトのような焼結助剤を排除したタングステンカーバイド単独素材だけで製造されることによって、製造工程の単純化及びコストダウンの利点と、物性的には焼結助剤であるコバルトを添加した焼結体と比較する際さらに強い高靱性、高耐摩耗性及び高強度を提供する。
【選択図】図1
Description
Claims (6)
- ア)タングステンカーバイド(WC)粉末をグラファイト素材よりなるモールド内に充填する充填段階と、
イ)前記タングステンカーバイド粉末が充填された前記モールドを放電プラズマ焼結装置のチャンバ内に装着する装着段階と、
ウ)前記チャンバの内部を真空化する真空化段階と、
エ)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に一定圧力を保ちながら設定された昇温パターンによって昇温させながら最終目標温度に達するまで成形する成形段階と、
オ)前記成形段階後前記モールド内に加圧された圧力を保ちながら前記チャンバの内部を冷却する冷却段階と、を含むことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法。 - 前記成形段階の前記最終目標温度は1410〜2000℃であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記充填段階において、前記タングステンカーバイド粉末は粒子サイズ10nm〜100μmであり、前記タングステンカーバイド粉末を前記モールド内に充填し、成形プレスを用いて1400〜1600kgfの圧力で予備加圧を施し、5〜15分間保たせる予備加圧過程を含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記装着段階において、
前記モールド内に電界を印加するための前記チャンバ内の上部電極と前記モールド内に上方向から進む上部ポンチとの間にはグラファイト素材よりなる複数個の上部スペーサが前記上部ポンチに向かうほど外径が小さく形成されたものが適用され、前記チャンバ内の下部電極と前記モールド内に下方向から進む下部ポンチとの間にはグラファイト素材よりなる複数個の下部スペーサが前記下部ポンチに向かうほど外径が小さく形成されており、 前記上部スペーサは、前記上部電極から前記上部ポンチ方向に円形に形成された第1の上部スペーサと、第2の上部スペーサ及び第3の上部スペーサが設けられており、
前記下部スペーサは、前記チャンバ内の下部電極からモールド方向に円形に形成された第1の下部スペーサと、第2の下部スペーサ及び第3の下部スペーサが設けられており、 前記第1の上部スペーサ及び前記第1の下部スペーサは直径が350mm、厚さが30mmであり、前記第2の上部スペーサ及び前記第2の下部スペーサは直径が300mm、厚さが60mmであり、前記第3の上部スペーサ及び前記第3の下部スペーサは直径が100〜200mm、厚さが15〜30mmのものが適用されたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法。 - 前記真空化段階は、
前記チャンバの内部で前記タングステンカーバイド粉末の酸化及び不純物による汚染を抑えるために6Pa〜1x10-3Paで前記チャンバの内部を真空化し、
前記成形段階は前記タングステンカーバイド粉末が充填された前記モールドの内部を30〜100MPaの圧力に保つことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法。 - 前記成形段階は、
エ-1)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に対して60℃/min〜150℃/minの昇温速度で1次目標温度まで1次昇温する段階と、
エ-2)前記1次目標温度を1〜10分間保つ段階と、
エ-3)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に対して30℃/min〜80℃/minの昇温速度で2次目標温度まで2次昇温する段階と、
エ-4)前記2次目標温度を1〜10分間保つ段階と、
エ-5)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に対して10℃/min〜80℃/minの昇温速度で3次目標温度まで3次昇温する段階と、
エ-6)前記3次目標温度を1〜10分間保つ段階と、
エ-7)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に対して10℃/min〜80℃/minの昇温速度で4次目標温度まで4次昇温する段階と、
エ-8)前記4次目標温度を1〜10分間保つ段階と、
エ-9)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に対して10℃/min〜80℃/minの昇温速度で5次目標温度まで5次昇温する段階と、
エ-10)前記5次目標温度を1〜10分間保つ段階と、
エ-11)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に対して10℃/min〜80℃/minの昇温速度で6次目標温度まで6次昇温する段階と、
エ-12)前記6次目標温度を1〜10分間保つ段階と、
エ-13)前記モールド内の前記タングステンカーバイド粉末に対して10℃/min〜80℃/minの昇温速度で7次最終目標温度まで7次昇温する段階と、
エ-14)前記7次最終目標温度を1〜10分間保つ段階と、
前記1次目標温度は550℃〜650℃であり、前記2次目標温度は900℃〜1005℃であり、前記3次目標温度は1010℃〜1105℃であり、前記4次目標温度は1110℃〜1205℃であり、前記5次目標温度は1210℃〜1305℃であり、前記6次目標温度は1310℃〜1405℃であり、前記7次最終目標温度は1410℃〜2000℃であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の摩擦攪拌接合ツール用タングステンカーバイド焼結体の製造方法。
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