Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a pressing system for a refuse truck.
• a pressing system is used particularly to compress the content of containers emptied into a refuse truck .
• Containers filled with for instance waste are usually collected from company and private premises using refuse trucks.
• Such refuse trucks are usually provided in practice with a loading system with which the containers can be lifted and emptied into the refuse truck with a pivoting movement. After a number of containers have been emptied, the content thereof is compressed using a pressing system.
• the refuse truck can hereby empty a greater number of containers in one journey.
• Refuse trucks known in practice drive the pressing system hydraulically via a so-called PTO pump powered from the fuel engine of the vehicle. The pressing system is therefore dependent on the fuel engine of the vehicle for its operation.
• the present invention has for its object to provide a pressing system with which it is possible to allow the pressing system to function more independently of a vehicle. This object is achieved with the pressing system according to the invention in or on a collector, such as a refuse truck or large container.
• the pressing system comprises:
• a pressing device connected to the frame and comprising one or more hydraulic cylinders
• the drive system comprising: - an energy supply comprising an energy source;
• a collector preferably in the form of a collection container or a refuse truck
• containers provided with refuse including domestic refuse, green waste and paper, can be emptied into this collector.
• the container can be lifted, tilted and emptied in efficient manner by
• a loading system preferably connecting the pressing system to a loading system.
• the material from the container is then compressed in the pressing system.
• a loading system can be
• the pressing device compresses material so as to thereby reduce its volume.
• a refuse truck for instance can hereby transport more material.
• material such as refuse is tipped out of containers into a hopper using a loading system at the rear of the refuse truck.
• the pressing device is activated once a determined quantity of material has been placed in the hopper. This can take place manually or automatically.
• the pressing cycle is started following activation of the press.
• the pressing plate is first opened here and subsequently performs a downward movement. This downward movement is realized by displacing the guide plate.
• the pressing plate is then closed and, by displacing the guide plate back again, the material is pressed against a pressing wall.
• the drive system of the pressing system according to the invention has an electric motor and control means therefor, including so-called motor control means or motor controllers.
• An efficient and effective loading system is obtained through the use of an electric motor.
• the electric motor By providing the electric motor with control means the electric motor can be controlled on the basis of demand.
• Also achieved hereby is per se "clean" operation of the electrical drive during collection of for instance domestic refuse. In the case of a refuse truck provided with a pressing system according to the invention this means that, during collection of for instance domestic refuse, there is no emission of
• components in the system according to the invention with the electric motor can be provided at any desired position.
• a mechanical connection to the diesel engine of the chassis need not be available.
• a hydraulic pump with a continuously variable pump speed and torque in the hydraulic system the whole pressing system can be operated in more efficient manner using the associated hydraulics. Because less heat is generated in the hydraulic system, the oil tank can take a smaller form.
• the pump can operate at a higher rotation speed and also take a smaller form owing to the electrical drive.
• the hydraulic pump is preferably provided here with a fixed stroke volume and is also low-noise.
• the electric motor comprises a three- phase motor, and preferably a three-phase asynchronous motor.
• the asynchronous motor is preferably controlled in continuously variable manner here in order to thereby co-act effectively with the hydraulic pump which can preferably also be operated in continuously variable manner.
• the three-phase motor is preferably a three-phase asynchronous motor without carbon brushes. Sparking and wear are hereby prevented. This increases the operational reliability.
• the motor control means for powering the at least one electric motor are operatively connected directly to the energy source.
• the motors are preferably powered directly from the battery voltage via the motor controller, wherein a battery preferably functions as energy source.
• a battery forms part of the pressing system as separate component.
• a connection can be made to a battery already present in the vehicle. If additionally, extra energy can be utilized for the pressing system.
• the battery of the vehicle can for instance be used for small refuse trucks. No additional components are hereby required.
• the connecting means of the pressing system connect the drive system during use to an internal and/or external energy source.
• a continuous connection to a power supply is realized by connecting the drive system of the pressing system via the connecting means to a battery, for instance of a refuse truck.
• a battery for instance of a refuse truck.
• Such a battery can be used in an
• a pressing system is hereby obtained which can be deployed in flexible manner and which can be employed irrespective of the type of drive of a refuse truck.
• the pressing system is for instance connected to the traction battery.
• the battery preferably comprises a battery with a relatively low voltage, preferably lower than 220 Volt, a so-called low-voltage battery.
• the battery voltage employed can thus amount for instance to 24 Volt or 80-100 Volt. This is the case in an embodiment in which the low-voltage battery is the battery of a refuse truck as well as in an embodiment in which the low-voltage battery is a separate battery in or for the pressing system. Hazardous situations for users and mechanics are avoided by making use of a low- voltage battery in a preferred embodiment according to the invention. Worker- friendly conditions are hereby realized.
• Such a low-voltage system can advantageously be provided, inter alia in a refuse truck driven by a combustion engine. Other voltages are of course also possible for the system according to the invention.
• the pressing system according to the invention is for instance used in an electrically driven vehicle, the system can advantageously be provided operating at a different voltage.
• the control means such as the motor controller ( s ) , for controlling the one or more electric motors are preferably connected operatively and in direct manner to the battery.
• the motor controller forming a substantial part of the motor control means is powered directly from the battery and that a converter need not therefore be provided which converts the battery voltage in use, for instance 80- 100 V, to a higher voltage for the purpose of the electric motor. This limits the number of parts, and therefore cost and complexity.
• safety is achieved by using a voltage which in a preferred embodiment is lower than 220 V as described above.
• a further advantage of a direct coupling between motor controller and battery is that it is possible to dispense with hydraulic flow control valves and/or splitter valves. Restrictions and resistances in the system are hereby significantly reduced. Energy loss and heat generation are also reduced. This is a significant advantage of the motor controller applied according to the invention.
• a flow control valve is therefore
• the cylinders in the pressing device are operatively connected to separate pumps.
• the hydraulic fluid reservoir is preferably provided in the pressing system.
• the pressing system according to the invention therefore results in a combined electro-hydraulic drive.
• this drive operates independently of its setting, for instance a refuse truck provided therewith.
• the pressing system can function independently of the propulsion of such a refuse truck, i.e. independently of a fuel engine and/or electrical drive of the vehicle.
• the drive of the vehicle does not therefore have to remain active to allow the pressing system according to the invention to function.
• By using "internal" hydraulics the desired properties thereof are preserved for the pressing system.
• a fully modular system is hereby obtained. If use is made of a battery, a power supply cable has to be provided between this battery and the pressing device. Hydraulic couplings are not required .
• An advantage of providing an oil reservoir in the pressing system is that it is possible here to suffice with a relatively small volume compared to conventional systems. This is achieved in that less heat generation occurs in the system. This is realized for instance through the use of a hydraulic pressure sensor instead of hydraulic safety valves .
• the drive can be utilized in optimal manner through the use of electro-hydraulic driving of the pressing system according to the invention.
• conventional drives in which use is made of a fuel engine, this fuel engine will not operate in all cases at the optimal level of operation.
• the efficiency of the pressing system according to the invention can hereby be further increased.
• an electrically driven refuse truck a fully
• pressing system By providing the pressing system with coupling means it is also possible to for instance transfer a pressing system from a refuse truck provided with a fuel engine to a refuse truck provided with an electrical drive. Additional
• An additional advantage is that it is also possible to exchange wholly filled pressing systems on for instance a refuse truck with an empty pressing system.
• the refuse truck can hereby be utilized in more efficient manner such that for instance the cost of collecting domestic refuse can be reduced.
• the fluid reservoir is preferably also provided internally in one or more parts of the frame.
• the independent operation of the pressing system of for instance the refuse truck is further enhanced by providing the pressing system according to the invention with a fluid reservoir.
• a fluid reservoir By providing the fluid reservoir in the interior of one or more parts of the profile, for instance in the interior of a tubular profile, a compact pressing system is obtained which also attains a great independence due to a reservoir being provided therein.
• the drive system is provided with system coupling means for coupling the drive system of the pressing system and a drive system of a loading system for emptying containers.
• the system coupling means achieve that a combined drive , is realized, preferably a combined electro-hydraulic drive for the pressing system according to the invention.
• a drive for these sub-systems can hereby be realized in efficient manner and with a minimum of system components.
• the pressing device is operatively connected to one or more detectors of a loading system of a refuse truck for the purpose of activating the pressing device .
• the activation of the pressing can for instance be performed automatically by operatively coupling the pressing device to detectors of the loading system.
• the pressing device can thus be activated fully automatically after for instance four two-wheel containers have been emptied.
• a detector can also be provided in the hopper of the pressing system so as to thereby activate the pressing as soon as a determined guantity of material has been introduced into the hopper.
• the number of pressing actions are in these ways adapted to the actual requirement, and no unnecessary pressing actions are performed. This contributes toward an energy-efficient system.
• the invention further relates to a refuse truck provided with the pressing system as described above.
• the refuse truck comprises a second pressing system as described above.
• Providing a second pressing system makes it possible to collect separated refuse simultaneously using a single refuse truck. This further improves the efficiency of collecting material such as domestic refuse.
• the vehicle comprises a pressing system of the modular type, preferably in combination with a modular embodiment of the loading system.
• the vehicle can hereby be provided with another pressing system and/or loading system in relatively simple manner by connecting preferably only a power supply cable to the vehicle between one or more drive systems of the pressing system and/or the loading system. This further increases the flexibility of both the individual systems and the vehicle.
• the invention further also relates to a method for compressing material, comprising of providing a pressing system as described above.
• a method for compressing material comprising of providing a pressing system as described above.
• FIG. 1 shows a view of a refuse truck according to the invention
• FIG. 6 shows a view of a refuse truck provided with the pressing system of figures 2-5;
• figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the drive of the pressing system of figure 6.
• a refuse truck 2 (figures 1 and 6) comprises a truck 4 provided with a bin or container 6, wherein a loading system 8 is provided on the rear side.
• a pressing system 10 is provided between bin 6 and loading system 8.
• Refuse 14 is carried into a hopper 12. In the shown embodiment this takes place using loading system 8.
• Pressing system 10 comprises a pressing plate 16 and guide plate 18.
• Refuse 14 from hopper 12 is hereby compressed to form pressed waste 20 using pressing wall 22 and carried into collection space 24 of bin 6.
• Bin 6 further has a rear loader 26 with a pushing mechanism 28 with which wall 22 is slidable in a direction A and back.
• Refuse 20 can hereby be pushed out of bin 6 at for instance the offloading location.
• Loading system 8 is used to empty containers. Containers are, among others,
• a pressing cycle is started. This cycle is started by opening pressing plate 16 in a direction B (figure 2) . A downward movement is then made with guide plate 18 in a direction C (figure 3) . This is followed by pressing plate 16 being closed in a direction D (figure 4), wherein refuse 14 is as it were scooped out of hopper 12. Finally, guide plate 18 shifts upward in a direction E
• Waste 20 is pressed here against pressing wall 22.
• Pressing wall 22 is optionally displaced to some extent in the case of
• the electro-hydraulic drive system 32 (figure 7) is supplied with power from a battery/dynamo 34 in vehicle 2 (figure 6) .
• battery 34 is a low- voltage battery.
• Pressing system 10 is operatively connected to refuse truck 2 via the coupling in a manner such that it can be uncoupled, and for instance be exchanged, in simple and efficient manner.
• Controller or microprocessor 36 is provided with a control panel 38.
• Controller 36 is connected to one or more position sensors 40, as shown schematically in the figure.
• Hydraulic pressure sensor 42 realizes a safety in the case where the maximum hydraulic pressure is reached. Such a safety system has the advantage over the use of conventional valves that no unnecessary energy loss occurs.
• hydraulic pump 44 is controlled by motor 48, wherein motor 48 is provided with motor controller 50.
• motor 48 is provided with motor controller 50.
• motor controller 50 In the shown embodiment motor
• controller 50 is powered directly from battery 34.
• System 32 is further provided with valve block 52 and comprises an assembly of electrically driven switch valves. In the shown advantageous embodiment it is possible to dispense with choke valves.
• System 32 realizes the movement of cylinder pair 54 for pressing plate 16, cylinder pair 56 for guide plate 18, cylinder pair 58 for opening loading system 8 and cylinder 60 for pressing wall 22.
• a connection 62 is also provided for a hydraulic container loading.
• System 32 further comprises an oil reservoir 64. In the shown
• reservoir 64 takes a considerably smaller form compared to
• Controller 36 is preferably operatively connected to motor controller ( s ) 50 via a CAN communication connection 66.
• Charging of battery 34 can be carried out in one or more of the following ways: using a dynamo on the basis of the fuel engine of vehicle 2, from a charging station, using solar panels, for instance on the roof of bin 6, and via braking energy. Other methods are also possible. It will be apparent that diverse variants of diagram 32 are possible within the scope of the present invention.
• refuse truck 2 is provided with a loading system 8 and a pressing system 10 with drive system 32.
• the separate drives for systems 8, 10 are preferably operatively connected in order to further limit the number of parts.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
• Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
• Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

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Publications (3)

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• 2010
  • 2010-11-19 NL NL2005725A patent/NL2005725C2/nl active
• 2011
  • 2011-11-16 ES ES11788605T patent/ES2951484T3/es active Active
  • 2011-11-16 PL PL11788605.1T patent/PL2640649T3/pl unknown
  • 2011-11-16 WO PCT/NL2011/050783 patent/WO2012067506A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2011-11-16 EP EP11788605.1A patent/EP2640649B1/de active Active

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