EP2066280B1 - Gehtrainer - Google Patents

Gehtrainer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2066280B1
EP2066280B1 EP07801849.6A EP07801849A EP2066280B1 EP 2066280 B1 EP2066280 B1 EP 2066280B1 EP 07801849 A EP07801849 A EP 07801849A EP 2066280 B1 EP2066280 B1 EP 2066280B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walking trainer
trainer according
orthotic
walking
tractive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07801849.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2066280A1 (de
Inventor
Willi Schönenberger
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP2066280A1 publication Critical patent/EP2066280A1/de
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/0266Foot
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/0255Both knee and hip of a patient, e.g. in supine or sitting position, the feet being moved together in a plane substantially parallel to the body-symmetrical plane
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0214Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising by rotating cycling movement
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/0255Both knee and hip of a patient, e.g. in supine or sitting position, the feet being moved together in a plane substantially parallel to the body-symmetrical plane
    • A61H1/0262Walking movement; Appliances for aiding disabled persons to walk
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/06Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement
    • A63B22/0605Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with support elements performing a rotating cycling movement, i.e. a closed path movement performing a circular movement, e.g. ergometers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/12Driving means
    • A61H2201/1207Driving means with electric or magnetic drive
    • A61H2201/1215Rotary drive
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/16Physical interface with patient
    • A61H2201/1602Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
    • A61H2201/164Feet or leg, e.g. pedal
    • A61H2201/1642Holding means therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gait trainer with at least one orthosis with holders for the foot or leg area, which is moved along a predetermined trajectory to perform a natural walking motion, wherein the gait trainer is arranged on a stationary base surface and on an underside of the orthosis roll or Lubricants are provided.
  • Corresponding automated treadmill therapy can be used as an effective standard therapy for numerous motor disorders and injury consequences for orthopedic / traumatologically ill patients. Examples include hemi-paraplegia, quadriplegia, spastic paralysis, multiple sclerosis and craniocerebral trauma. Similarly, such an automated treadmill therapy can also be used in geriatrics to keep the elderly mobile.
  • the US 3,824,994 discloses a walking trainer for moving the feet or legs of patients, with which a walking motion is partially mimicked. In particular, this is a sliding movement, with which the feet are moved back and forth above the ground, so that it is not a natural walking motion.
  • the walk trainer includes an elongated frame which is provided with a drive means as well as with supports for the foot or the lower leg.
  • the brackets are connected to traction means and can, for example, be moved along predetermined paths running essentially parallel to the ground.
  • a gait trainer is known in which a patient is attached to the waist and suspended from the shoulders on a treadmill.
  • the lower leg brackets are formed on a central element positioned centrally in front of the patient and mimic a natural walking motion by extending and shortening the distance between the central element and the respective leg.
  • the patient must stand on a treadmill to further support the movement of the foot.
  • the WO 2006/094018 A discloses a walking trainer which is used to keep the foot and leg muscles mobile.
  • the patient himself can be transferred to a variety of starting positions, for example lying or tilted, in order to concentrate the main load of the body on a specific point.
  • the foot brackets are arranged on lubricants and are moved substantially parallel to a base, whereby a more sliding movement takes place, but no natural shape can be modeled.
  • EPA 1120098 also discloses a device for ensuring the mobility of joints, wherein rollers are provided on a foot support.
  • the described device it is one which, in particular, serves to restore the mobility of a knee joint, in which case it is necessary for the patient himself to be able to control the movement, thus a corresponding device is not suitable for paraplegic patients or patients with neurological damage.
  • the exercise trainer according to the invention comprises at least one orthosis with supports for the foot or leg region, which is moved along a predetermined trajectory in order to perform a natural walking movement, wherein the trainer is arranged on a base surface, and wherein between the orthosis and the base surface or lubricants are provided which allow movement of the orthosis relative to the base surface.
  • the walking coach according to the invention thus provides an independent training means which does not rely on the orthosis moving together with a base surface, such as a treadmill, so that the walking trainer can be made substantially more compact than previously known devices. This also allows a slight change in the position of the walk trainer, as no special requirements are placed on the base area, thereby allowing the walk trainer can be brought by the therapeutic staff directly to the patient without the need to visit the therapist.
  • the base surface is stationary relative to the walk trainer. Consequently, any background may form the base of the walk trainer, so that no special requirements are to be met.
  • each orthosis Since rolling or sliding means are provided on a lower side of each orthosis, by means of which the orthosis can slide on the ground.
  • the arrangement of the rolling or lubricants below the orthosis stabilizes the user's foot during the movement in addition. At the same time it is possible to build the orthosis compact without obstruction for the user during use.
  • means for fastening at least two wheels may be formed on the underside of the orthosis.
  • at least two wheels have been proven in practice to stabilize the orthosis during movement over the ground.
  • each orthosis can be designed as a roller skate.
  • the shape and arrangement of the wheels on roller skates has been proven for a long time and can be transferred to the present orthosis.
  • the shape of classic roller skates, each with two successively arranged pairs of wheels, as well as those of inline skate, with several in a row behind one another arranged wheels, can be used equally.
  • the orthosis can be moved by means of its own drive along the predetermined path of movement. In this way it is possible to control the movement of the orthosis targeted, without being driven indirectly. At the same time, the gait trainer can be made as compact as possible.
  • the drive of the orthosis can be performed at different speeds along the predetermined path of movement.
  • the drive can be controlled according to a software or the like, so that in the swing phase, a higher speed is specified.
  • the drive may be provided by an electric motor.
  • An electric motor has proved to be particularly preferred in this context, as it can be easily integrated into the gait trainer, and thereby at the same time the possibility of setting different speeds is given. and thereby at the same time the possibility to set different speeds is given.
  • the orthosis can be connected to a guided over two pulleys traction means, wherein the drive drives the traction means and / or the pulleys.
  • the orthosis is carried along by the moving traction device.
  • the deflection rollers may have different sizes, with the larger deflection roller being arranged at the rear. This makes it possible in a simple manner to achieve the desired movement pattern, that is, a natural walking motion.
  • the motor can drive the traction means directly or indirectly. This is a particularly easy way to exercise the movement of the walk trainer.
  • the motor may be connected to or associated with the traction means or with a deflection pulley so as to move the whole system.
  • the motor can be arranged stationary within the housing of the walk trainer. At the same time, the weight of the engine can also contribute to the stabilization of the walk trainer.
  • the walk coach may have four deflection rollers with two traction means each assigned to two deflection rollers, wherein the traction means are arranged parallel next to each other and each traction means is connected to an orthosis.
  • each leg is assigned an independent orthosis, i. the two orthoses are moved independently of each other, so that a very wide variety of motion sequences can be carried out here.
  • the position of each orthosis relative to the other can be changed as needed.
  • each traction means may be separated by a partition plate.
  • each traction means, together with the associated orthosis is an independent element without the influence of the other traction means being able to occur.
  • the maintenance and repair is simplified.
  • each traction means may be provided with its own drive.
  • two motors are provided to drive the traction means of each individual orthosis, it is possible to take into account the different speeds of the legs, since both sides are not driven in synchronism with each other, as was heretofore on the tread of a treadmill, but each foot can be moved independently of each other according to the natural movement, so that the movement achieved thereby becomes identical to natural walking and the patient achieves an optimal training effect.
  • the orthoses can be arranged at diametrically opposite positions of the traction means. This position has proven to be most advantageous for a natural movement, but equally, since the traction means are arranged independently, and the orthoses can be arranged at any position of the traction means so as to perform different movement pattern.
  • the traction means may be formed as a toothed chain and the deflection rollers as sprockets.
  • the use of sprockets and chains provides a very simple means of carrying out the intended movement.
  • the system of chains and sprockets is easy to maintain and has long been tried and tested.
  • the traction means may be toothed belts.
  • each traction means may be provided with a fastening and / or guide element, with which the orthosis is connectable.
  • a corresponding fastening and / or guide element is used for easy connection of the orthosis with the traction means.
  • the fastening and / or guide element is designed as a support element protruding perpendicularly outward from the traction means.
  • a foot region of the orthosis can have a passage opening for the passage of the fastening and / or guide element.
  • a support element is in turn a very simple means to connect the orthosis with the traction means and at the same time to ensure the mobility of the orthosis relative to the traction means, since the orthosis is not fixedly arranged on the support member, but the support member movable in the through hole is stored in the orthosis. At the same time, it is possible to attach different orthoses, for example orthoses for different shoe sizes to the support element.
  • the attachment and / or guide element can be designed to be longer than the passage opening of the orthosis and can be detachably connected to securing elements at the end protruding from the orthosis. This ensures that the orthosis is movably held on the carrier element, but is secured against slipping off of the carrier element.
  • the securing element is a nut which can be screwed onto a correspondingly helically formed region of the fastening and / or guide element.
  • the formation of a screw portion and a nut here represents a particularly simple means to secure the orthosis on the support element.
  • the securing element can also be designed as a metal cap, which closes like a snap closure and is therefore still quick and easy to handle.
  • the traction means may be arranged in a housing, wherein in the housing on both sides a slot-shaped opening for the passage of the fastening and / or guide element is formed.
  • the provision of the housing is for safety, since the patient does not come directly into contact with the moving parts, that is, the traction means and the electric motor, so as to preclude possible injuries.
  • providing a slot-shaped opening on both sides in the housing provides a guide along which the fastening and / or guide element moves and on the edge of which it rests and is thereby additionally stabilized.
  • the slot-shaped opening can be designed in accordance with a natural walking motion, that is to say the slot-shaped opening corresponds to the movement performed during walking.
  • the slot-shaped openings are formed differently are to imitate so different movement patterns, for example running, running, etc.
  • stand elements are arranged at the front and rear end of the walk trainer.
  • Corresponding stand elements support a secure, positionally stable state of the walk trainer.
  • the stand elements can be designed to be foldable. This makes it possible to significantly increase the footprint of the exercise trainer, so as to exclude a tilting of the exercise trainer.
  • the walk trainer can be provided with a handle on its upper side. This embodiment has proven to be particularly advantageous when the walk trainer is to be brought by the therapist to the patient, as well as when rearranging the therapy rooms.
  • the exercise trainer can additionally have a gripping element, on which the patient can hold on during the training.
  • a corresponding gripping element can in this case be fixed or be designed to be pluggable.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 an embodiment of the exercise trainer according to the invention is shown, wherein like components are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the walking trainer 1 comprises a housing 2, with orthoses 3 arranged on both sides on the lateral outer side, which are movable by the mechanism arranged in the interior of the housing 2.
  • Each orthosis 3 comprises a foot receiving element 4, as well as holders 5 for the leg area. Both the brackets 5 and the foot receiving element 4 can be attached to the patient's body by means of Velcro straps or other suitable means.
  • rollers 6 are arranged such that upon movement of the exercise trainer, the orthosis is rolled on contact with the ground floor.
  • the individual roles hereby be mounted on a chassis or bearings on the underside of the orthosis, comparable to the arrangement of roller skates, skateboards or inline skaters.
  • the rollers may be arranged in pairs next to each other or in a row.
  • the present invention also includes any other means by which the orthosis can roll or slide over the ground, e.g. Ball elements or sliding elements.
  • the orthosis 3 is connected via a fastening and / or guide element 7 with the movement mechanism, which emerges from the interior of the housing and is connected to the orthosis.
  • the orthosis 3 has for this purpose in the region of the sole of theticianry muscles 4 a passage opening through which the fastening and / or guide element 7 can be inserted.
  • the fastening and / or guide element 7 is fixed by a suitable means in order to prevent the orthosis 3 from slipping off.
  • the movement of the exercise trainer is transmitted to the orthosis and guided the orthosis by the fastening and / or guide member 7 along the predetermined movement.
  • the housing 2 is provided with a slot-shaped opening 8, through which the fastening and / or guide element 7 extends and along which it is guided.
  • the shape of the slot-shaped opening 8 thus corresponds to the movement performed by the patient.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the exercise coach partially shown in section to explain the drive of the orthosis 3 in more detail.
  • the drive comprises two sprockets 9 and 10, which are connected to each other via a chain 11 and serve as pulleys.
  • the rear sprocket 9 is formed larger than the front sprocket 10 and the sprockets are arranged to each other such that the chain 11 in the area facing the ground is parallel to this and in the area facing away from the ground at a predetermined angle down from the rear Sprocket 9 is guided to the front sprocket 10.
  • the predetermined by the sprocket shape of the chain here corresponds to the executed by the walk trainer movement and is found in the form in the slot-shaped opening 8 again.
  • FIG. 1 illustrated fastening and / or guide element 7 is directly connected to the chain and extends perpendicularly from the chain to the outside.
  • the attachment to only one chain element or better stabilization can be done on several chain elements.
  • the fastening and / or guide element 7 extends outward from the chain and rests on an edge of the slot-shaped opening 8.
  • the housing 2 serves primarily to protect the patient in order to exclude the risk of injury here.
  • the guide for attachment and / or guide element 7 is provided by the housing, so that the load of the orthosis does not rest exclusively on the chain.
  • the drive of the walk trainer via a motor, which is not shown, which can be arranged either in the housing or outside of the housing.
  • the motor may be connected to a sprocket so as to drive the other sprocket and chain.
  • the chain can also be driven directly by the motor.
  • each orthosis has its own drive mechanism.
  • the two drive mechanisms are in this case constructed parallel to each other and could be separated by a partition plate.
  • each orthosis has its own drive, so that the speed of each orthosis can be controlled separately. In this way, different speeds in the stance phase (about 40%) and in the swing phase (about 60%) can be considered and executed accordingly.
  • the control of the two drives can e.g. done via a computer.
  • a partition plate 12 is arranged to prevent the two chains influence each other.
  • a fastening and / or guide element 7 extends vertically outward and is in the form of a rod.
  • the end of each rod remote from each chain is provided with a threaded portion 13 on which a nut 14 can be simply screwed after the orthosis 3 has been pushed onto the rod so as to prevent the orthosis from slipping off.
  • the housing must be sufficiently high enough to ensure that the rollers of the orthoses contact the ground during the movement.
  • the housing can also be provided with stand elements that ensure a corresponding height.
  • further fixing elements may also be provided on the housing, which may also be designed as foldout as needed.
  • the exercise trainer according to the invention can also be taken home by the therapist, thus enabling a wide range of applications.
  • the patient can be attached to the orthoses in a sitting or standing position, then with additional gripping elements, and perform the corresponding prescribed movement exercises.
  • the walk trainer can be used in conjunction with a conventional patient relief system, particularly for stabilizing the patient while standing or walking.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
EP07801849.6A 2006-09-27 2007-08-23 Gehtrainer Active EP2066280B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006046921A DE102006046921A1 (de) 2006-09-27 2006-09-27 Gehtrainer
PCT/EP2007/007421 WO2008037328A1 (de) 2006-09-27 2007-08-23 Gehtrainer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2066280A1 EP2066280A1 (de) 2009-06-10
EP2066280B1 true EP2066280B1 (de) 2016-10-05

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EP07801849.6A Active EP2066280B1 (de) 2006-09-27 2007-08-23 Gehtrainer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8632479B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2066280B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101547671B (zh)
AU (1) AU2007302381B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2664627C (zh)
DE (1) DE102006046921A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2409342C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2008037328A1 (zh)

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US8308618B2 (en) 2009-04-10 2012-11-13 Woodway Usa, Inc. Treadmill with integrated walking rehabilitation device
US20130085424A1 (en) * 2010-04-30 2013-04-04 Juan Pablo Rodríguez Vicentini Mechanical foot movement orthotic as an aid to walking
DE202011050257U1 (de) 2011-05-26 2011-08-19 Johann Maier Gehtrainingseinrichtung
US8920347B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2014-12-30 Woodway Usa, Inc. Treadmill with integrated walking rehabilitation device
KR101545965B1 (ko) * 2014-08-13 2015-08-20 김도윤 보행 보조 장치
CN106491310B (zh) * 2016-11-17 2019-02-05 合肥工业大学 一种智能康复医疗装置
US11065170B2 (en) * 2016-11-17 2021-07-20 Hefei University Of Technology Smart medical rehabilitation device
DE202017004611U1 (de) 2017-09-04 2017-09-28 Karin Richter-Beuse Schienenkonstruktion mit nicht motorisiertem Wagen und Auffanggurt
CN108310724A (zh) * 2018-04-16 2018-07-24 中国医学科学院北京协和医院 一种用于膝关节活动度训练的康复装置
CN109602579A (zh) * 2019-01-18 2019-04-12 宇环智能科技(徐州)有限公司 四肢电动康复训练机
DK180875B1 (en) 2019-06-13 2022-06-09 V Guldmann As Method for training of neuromuscular functions using a gait trainer and a gait trainer therefore
CN110974619B (zh) * 2019-12-13 2021-09-28 曹杨 一种防摔式坐立两用型骨科治疗用腿部牵引复健设备
CN111513981B (zh) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-08 合肥工业大学 一种下肢被动康复机构
CN114225329B (zh) * 2021-12-25 2022-11-29 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 腿部康复器

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WO2006108457A1 (de) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-19 Willi Schoenenberger Gehhilfe für ein mechanisch angetriebenes laufband

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CA2664627A1 (en) 2008-04-03
AU2007302381A1 (en) 2008-04-03
WO2008037328A1 (de) 2008-04-03
CN101547671B (zh) 2012-09-05
US20100249674A1 (en) 2010-09-30
DE102006046921A1 (de) 2008-04-03
CA2664627C (en) 2011-05-03
RU2009114889A (ru) 2010-11-10
AU2007302381B2 (en) 2010-08-19
CN101547671A (zh) 2009-09-30
US8632479B2 (en) 2014-01-21
EP2066280A1 (de) 2009-06-10
RU2409342C1 (ru) 2011-01-20

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