EP0790409B1 - Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung in Zündvorrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents
Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung in Zündvorrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0790409B1 EP0790409B1 EP97101843A EP97101843A EP0790409B1 EP 0790409 B1 EP0790409 B1 EP 0790409B1 EP 97101843 A EP97101843 A EP 97101843A EP 97101843 A EP97101843 A EP 97101843A EP 0790409 B1 EP0790409 B1 EP 0790409B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- ignition
- circuit arrangement
- circuit
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
- F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
- F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/045—Layout of circuits for control of the dwell or anti dwell time
- F02P3/0453—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
- F02P3/0456—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices using digital techniques
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
- F02P2017/125—Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for ion current measurement according to the preamble of claim 1.
- This known generation of the measuring voltage is relatively simple, but requires a large storage capacitor.
- the measuring voltage is special for longer measuring phases, as they occur at low speeds, not constant, since the storage capacitor discharged by the measuring current becomes.
- the measuring current therefore has a current superimposed by the discharge caused by stray capacitances in spark plug, ignition coil and leads becomes.
- the measuring current is a leakage current through the Voltage limiting used Zener diode superimposed.
- Another Disadvantage of this known circuit arrangement is that the Current measuring resistor is connected in series with the storage capacitor. This causes a non-linearity, since the voltage applied to the Ionenmeßorder Voltage is a function of the measured value.
- a voltage positive polarity applied to the spark plug to an ion current with negative polarity caused by the combustion becomes.
- This voltage is generated by a capacitor with the low potential side the secondary winding of the ignition coil connected by means of the charged via a diode electric ignition current is to get the voltage with positive polarity.
- a zener diode provides the voltage limiting on the capacitor.
- the capacitor current is supplied to a current / voltage conversion unit to the off converting the ionic current flowing to the capacitor into a voltage.
- the o. G. Disadvantage of a nonlinearity not on, as in the Current / voltage converter the negative terminal of the capacitor on one virtual ground potential is maintained.
- the two known circuit arrangements have the disadvantage in common, that for measuring the ion current, a voltage between 70 V and 400 V. is required, the to the ion measuring path, d. H. to the spark plug one Internal combustion engine is to create.
- a circuit arrangement for ion current measurement known in which a measuring voltage through one on the primary side the ignition coil applied AC voltage is generated. there is the applied on the primary side AC voltage across the ignition coil transformed to a higher voltage level, with frequencies in the Range from 10 kHz to 100 kHz.
- the ion current signal causes an amplitude modulation of the alternating current generated on the secondary side.
- a disadvantage of this known circuit arrangement is on the one hand the use of filters containing the ionic current signal whose useful frequency range between 100 Hz and 20 kHz, separate from the carrier signal and on the other hand, the AC excitation due to the imbalance the ionic current characteristic resulting nonlinear distortions.
- zener diodes For the derivation of the ignition current generated during ignition are two zener diodes connected in series are connected to the secondary circuit. To Compensation of the occurring in these Zener diodes leakage - the the ion current measurement falsified - a control loop is provided, which likewise is controlled by the output of the operational amplifier.
- This control loop is from another operational amplifier with appropriate constructed of resistors and capacitor existing circuitry.
- the object of the present invention is a circuit arrangement specify the type mentioned above, the o. g. disadvantage avoids, to a high measurement quality of the ion stream in the combustion chamber an internal combustion engine leads and feasible with little effort is.
- circuit means are provided, with which a constant measuring voltage applied to the secondary circuit of the ignition coil which has a voltage value equal to or less than the value the voltage of the electrical system is and further provided a rectifier element is that the ignition current generated during the ignition of the spark plug derives from the electrical system.
- particularly preferred embodiment of the invention become the measuring sections of serving as ion current probes spark plugs an internal combustion engine connected in parallel, so that thereby the Circuit complexity remains extremely low.
- the ignition coil is a differential amplifier provided.
- the differential amplifier is connected as an inverting amplifier, so that the desired voltage is applied to the other input.
- the simplest circuit In as a measuring signal serving voltage, which then an evaluation is supplied.
- FIG. 1 shows a transistor ignition system, with only the sake of simplicity a Zündendto with a spark plug Zk for an internal combustion engine is shown.
- the ignition output stage comprises an ignition coil Tr with primary and secondary circuits, consisting of a primary and secondary winding, wherein the already mentioned spark plug Zk is connected to the secondary winding.
- the primary winding is connected with its one connection to a vehicle battery supplied by a board battery voltage U B, for example, 12 V and connected with its other terminal to a firing transistor 1.
- This ignition transistor 1 is controlled by the control electrode of a control circuit 2, are supplied to the ignition transistor 1 via the connecting line ignition triggering pulses.
- the secondary winding is connected with its high voltage side to the spark plug Zk, while the low potential side is guided to the inverting input of a differential amplifier 3.
- a constant reference voltage U ref preferably 5 V, is applied to the non-inverting input of this differential amplifier 3, this constant reference voltage being generated by a constant-voltage source 6.
- This constant reference voltage U ref is supplied via this differential amplifier 3 to the secondary circuit of the ignition coil Zk and passes through this as MeB voltage U meß to the working as Ionenstrommeßorder spark plug Zk.
- the differential amplifier 3 is constructed as an inverting amplifier by its inverting input via a resistor R with its output connected is.
- diodes D1 and D2 are present, which derive the ignition current to ground or to the vehicle electrical system potential.
- the diode D1 is so connected between the Invertlerenden input of the differential amplifier 3 and the electrical system U B , that the ignition can flow to the electrical system.
- the second diode D2 lies with its anode at the ground potential and is also connected with its cathode to the inverting input of the differential amplifier 3.
- a resistor (not shown in FIG. 1) in the supply line be provided to the inverting input of the differential amplifier 3, which additionally limits the current flowing into the differential amplifier 3.
- the inverting differential amplifier 3 converts the ion current into a voltage U ion , which is supplied as a measuring signal to an evaluation unit 5.
- the secondary circuit of the ignition coil Tr supplied measuring voltage U meß here preferably 5 V, is constant during the entire measurement period. Since the ion measuring current is in the ⁇ A range, a differential amplifier 3 is used with a low input current, which is currently available at low cost. Due to the low-impedance provision of this measuring voltage U meß accounts transhipment of stray capacitances, as in other known systems with AC load , as z. B. knocking combustion can occur. This advantage of the invention is particularly noticeable when several ion current measuring sections are operated in parallel, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 2, because in this case the effective stray capacitance can multiply.
- FIG. 1 further shows a control unit 4 which performs the function of engine management takes over and in turn controls the control circuit 2.
- this ECU 4 via an input E motor parameters, such as load, speed and temperature supplied.
- Corresponding actuators are controlled via outputs A.
- the generated by the evaluation circuit 5 Ion current signal is also supplied to the control unit 4.
- the ion current signal can be used to control the knocking of the To detect internal combustion engine and via a control of the ignition timing to build up a corresponding knock control.
- Another application is to detect the ion current signal for detection of flare misfires.
- Figure 2 shows a transistorized a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine having each cylinder associated ignition output stages, each ignition of an ignition coil Tr 1 ... Tr 4, each with a firing transistor 1a ... 1d and associated spark plug Zk 1 ... Zk 4 is constructed.
- the ignition transistors 1a ... 1d are connected via their control electrodes of a Circuit 2a driven to the cylinder selection, which in turn with a Control circuit 2 is connected to the corresponding Zündausletteimpulse for the individual cylinders this circuit 2a supplies.
- control unit 4 which drives the control circuit 2.
- the low potential side of the secondary circuit of each ignition coil Tr 1 ... Tr 4 is led to a circuit node S, which is connected to the inverting input of a differential amplifier 3.
- This differential amplifier 3 is also constructed as an inverter of the amplifier by means of a resistor R connecting the inverting input to the output.
- the non-inverting input of this differential amplifier 3 is supplied with a constant reference voltage U ref , which is generated by a constant-voltage source 6.
- This constant reference voltage U ref is smaller than the vehicle electrical system voltage and is 5 V and leads to the desired voltage U measured at circuit node S and therefore also to the parallel ion current paths of the spark plug Zk 1 ... Zk. 4
- diodes D1 and D2 for the derivation of the ignition current to ground or vehicle electrical system intended.
- the measuring signal U ion obtained at the output of the differential amplifier 3 is fed to an evaluation circuit 5, which in turn is controlled by a control unit 4 whose function corresponds to that control unit from FIG.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention for ion current measurement is not only in transistor ignition systems, as in the two embodiments used, but also in alternating currents or high voltage capacitor ignitions.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung und
- Figur 2
- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung.
Claims (7)
- Schaltungsanordnung zur lonenstrommessung im Verbrennungsraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, bestehend aus:a) einer Zündspule (Tr, Tr1 ... Tr4) mit Primär- und Sekundärkreis, die von einem eine Bordnetzspannung (UB) liefernden Bordnetz gespeist wird,b) einer im Sekundärkreis angeordneten Zündkerze (Zk, Zk1 ... Zk4), die gleichzeitig als Ionenstromsonde dient,c) es sind Schaltungsmittel (3, R) vorgesehen, mit denen eine konstante Meßspannung (Umeß) an die Niedrigpotentialseite des Sekundärkreises der Zündspule (Tr, Tr1 ... Tr4) angelegt wird, die einen Spannungswert aufweist, der gleich oder kleiner als der Wert der Bordnetzspannung (UB) ist undd) ferner ist ein Gleichrichterelement (D1) vorgesehen, das den während der Zündung der Zündkerze (Zk, Zk1 ... Zk4) erzeugten Zündstrom (IZünd) auf das Bordnetz ableitet.
- Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Gleichrichterelement eine Halbleiterdiode (D1) vorgesehen ist.
- schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei mehreren Zündspulen (Tr1 ... Tr4) mit jeweils einer Zündkerze (Zk1 ... Zk4) als Ionenstromsonde die von den lonenstromsonden gebildeten Meßstrecken parallelgeschaltet sind.
- schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Schaltungsmittel (3, R) ein als invertierender Verstärker geschalteter Differenzverstärker vorgesehen ist.
- schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der eine Eingang des Differenzverstärkers (3) mit der Niedrigpotentialseite des Sekundärkreises der Zündspule (Tr, Tr1 ... Tr4) verbunden ist und dem anderen Eingang eine Referenzspannung (Uref) zugeführt wird, deren Wert der Meßspannung (Umeß) entspricht, und der Ausgang des Differenzverstärkers (3) über einen Widerstand (R) mit dem einen Eingang verbunden ist.
- schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Referenzspannung (Uref) von einer Konstantspannungsquelle (6) erzeugt wird.
- Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die am Eingang des Differenzverstärkers (3, R) anliegenden negativen Spannungsspitzen mit einer Diode (D2) auf Massepotential des Bordnetzes abgeleitet wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19605803 | 1996-02-16 | ||
DE19605803A DE19605803A1 (de) | 1996-02-16 | 1996-02-16 | Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0790409A2 EP0790409A2 (de) | 1997-08-20 |
EP0790409A3 EP0790409A3 (de) | 1999-01-20 |
EP0790409B1 true EP0790409B1 (de) | 2003-08-20 |
Family
ID=7785611
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97101842A Expired - Lifetime EP0790408B1 (de) | 1996-02-16 | 1997-02-06 | Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung in Zündvorrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen |
EP97101844A Expired - Lifetime EP0790406B1 (de) | 1996-02-16 | 1997-02-06 | Elektronisches Zündsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen |
EP97101843A Expired - Lifetime EP0790409B1 (de) | 1996-02-16 | 1997-02-06 | Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung in Zündvorrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97101842A Expired - Lifetime EP0790408B1 (de) | 1996-02-16 | 1997-02-06 | Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung in Zündvorrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen |
EP97101844A Expired - Lifetime EP0790406B1 (de) | 1996-02-16 | 1997-02-06 | Elektronisches Zündsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US5758629A (de) |
EP (3) | EP0790408B1 (de) |
DE (4) | DE19605803A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2166479T3 (de) |
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JP3192541B2 (ja) * | 1994-01-28 | 2001-07-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 内燃機関用失火検出回路 |
DE4437480C1 (de) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-03-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Funktionsüberwachung einer Brennkraftmaschine zum Erkennen von Zündaussetzern |
JP3194676B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-08 | 2001-07-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 内燃機関の失火検出装置 |
GB9515272D0 (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1995-09-20 | Philips Electronics Uk Ltd | An ignition control circuit, and engine system |
DE19605803A1 (de) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-21 | Daug Deutsche Automobilgesells | Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung |
-
1996
- 1996-02-16 DE DE19605803A patent/DE19605803A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-02-06 DE DE59710592T patent/DE59710592D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-06 EP EP97101842A patent/EP0790408B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-06 EP EP97101844A patent/EP0790406B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-06 EP EP97101843A patent/EP0790409B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-06 ES ES97101842T patent/ES2166479T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-06 DE DE59705316T patent/DE59705316D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-06 DE DE59710359T patent/DE59710359D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-18 US US08/802,889 patent/US5758629A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-18 US US08/802,898 patent/US5914604A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-18 US US08/802,896 patent/US6043660A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59705316D1 (de) | 2001-12-20 |
EP0790406A2 (de) | 1997-08-20 |
EP0790409A2 (de) | 1997-08-20 |
EP0790406B1 (de) | 2003-07-02 |
US6043660A (en) | 2000-03-28 |
DE59710592D1 (de) | 2003-09-25 |
DE19605803A1 (de) | 1997-08-21 |
ES2166479T3 (es) | 2002-04-16 |
US5914604A (en) | 1999-06-22 |
EP0790409A3 (de) | 1999-01-20 |
EP0790408B1 (de) | 2001-11-14 |
EP0790406A3 (de) | 1999-01-27 |
US5758629A (en) | 1998-06-02 |
EP0790408A2 (de) | 1997-08-20 |
EP0790408A3 (de) | 1999-01-20 |
DE59710359D1 (de) | 2003-08-07 |
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