EP0758571B1 - Procédé et outil pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette - Google Patents

Procédé et outil pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0758571B1
EP0758571B1 EP96112436A EP96112436A EP0758571B1 EP 0758571 B1 EP0758571 B1 EP 0758571B1 EP 96112436 A EP96112436 A EP 96112436A EP 96112436 A EP96112436 A EP 96112436A EP 0758571 B1 EP0758571 B1 EP 0758571B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
workpiece
axis
edge
axes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96112436A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0758571B8 (fr
EP0758571B2 (fr
EP0758571A1 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Diehl
Ronald Lautz
Karl-Heinz Tross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satisloh GmbH
Original Assignee
Loh Optikmaschinen AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Loh Optikmaschinen AG filed Critical Loh Optikmaschinen AG
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Publication of EP0758571B1 publication Critical patent/EP0758571B1/fr
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/06Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses, the tool or work being controlled by information-carrying means, e.g. patterns, punched tapes, magnetic tapes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B11/00Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/303752Process
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/303752Process
    • Y10T409/303808Process including infeeding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/304536Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/306664Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/307448Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work with work holder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating a concave surface from a lens blank, accordingly the preamble of claim 1, and also includes tools to carry out the process on hard and brittle Plastic existing eyeglass lens blanks.
  • the invention has for its object a method of im
  • the task of the invention also includes the provision of tools particularly suitable for carrying out the process.
  • the task is given by the features of the claim 1 solved.
  • Advantageous further developments of the method are specified in subclaims 2 to 5 and below also explained in more detail.
  • Especially for the execution of the procedure suitable tools are specified in claims 6 and 7, of which claim 6, the tool training for brittle hard Materials and claim 7, the tool training for plastic materials includes.
  • the grooving process involves very high machining or Grinding performance possible, so that the majority of the to be removed Blank material is quickly removed.
  • the continuously the piercing or immersion process saves you from having to the known method necessary multiple cuts in the case thick lens blanks.
  • Already during the grooving process achieves a surface at least in the area of the outer edge, that of the target outer contour of the optically effective inner lens surface equivalent.
  • the method according to the invention enables the generation of high accuracy Surfaces.
  • everyone in the Spectacle lens optics are generated, namely toric, prismatic, decentered, multifocal or atoric Surfaces on glasses and plastics.
  • Claim 2 integrated an edge processing process, which does not only thin, comfortable glasses can be made, but for the later fitting of the glasses into the glasses frame also a reduction in working hours with less tool wear reached on the side of the eyewear manufacturer.
  • the advantage for the process user is that a lower one Stock of semi-finished glasses with different Diameters is made possible.
  • the workpiece circumferential edge is provided with a facet should, can also be a faceting operation according to claim 4 be switched on in the procedure, so that when making of a border machining process a total of four immediately consecutive Operations with only one clamping or Blocking of the workpiece can be carried out on this.
  • this angle is set to 105 ° according to claim 5, i.e. when the workpiece axis b is arranged vertically, the tool axis c to the horizontal at an angle of only 15 ° sloping. At this angle, it can while performing the grinding or milling process, even with very strongly concave curved eyeglass lens surfaces do not cause a collision between the tool spindle or the tool shaft and the lens rim come.
  • the grinding tool specified in claim 6 for implementation is due to the procedure on a brittle hard lens blank the special design of the grinding lip is very advantageous, because the cutting edge geometry remains constant even with wear remains. Only the diameter of the tool increases due to wear from what is easily measured by measuring the thickness of the ground Glasses and subsequent accounting in the control program can be compensated.
  • the milling tool according to claim 7 for performing the method is on a plastic eyeglass lens blank with regard to its Rotational form disc-shaped, with individual milling cutters are distributed around the circumference.
  • the cutting performance this milling tool, in which the cutting edges give a shape Defining the toric envelope is high.
  • the service life of the cutting edges can advantageously be increased, if the cutting inserts of the milling tool that have the cutting edges are rotatably attached according to claim 8. On this way, several areas of the cutting plates can be moved in succession be turned into a working position before the Replacing inserts for wear or their Rework outer diameter.
  • the tool 2 is coaxial with a spindle 4 via a shaft 3 attached, rotating via an electric motor 5 and in the Speed is driven adjustable.
  • the workpiece 1 is on one Blocked workpiece holder 6, which is concentric on a spindle 7 is attached.
  • the spindle 7 is driven by a servo motor 8 numerically controlled rotatably driven.
  • Workpiece 1, tool holder 6, spindle 7 and motor 8 and all associated unspecified parts are on one Coordinate device attached to the machine and can therefore together on mutually perpendicular linear movement axes x and y are moved.
  • the common central axis of parts 1, 6, 7 and 8 coincides with the rotational movement axis b of the workpiece 1 together.
  • the tool 2, the shaft 3, the spindle 4 and the motor 5 common central axis coincides with the rotational movement axis c of tool 2 and a tool setting axis z (Fig. 1) together.
  • the linear movement axes x, y and the rotational movement axis b are CNC-controlled, while the Rotational movement axis c is only adjustable in speed.
  • the axis z only serves the one shifting on the rotational movement axis c Tool setting 2. Since all CNC axes in the Workpiece spindle are combined, there is a simple loading. The workpiece can be in a defined loading and unloading position be driven, so that even simple handling devices can be used for automatic workpiece change.
  • the tool spindle 4 with the attached tool 2 and the associated electric motor 5 as well as all other associated Parts not specified can be retained of the design angle ⁇ for adjusting the tool 2 onto the center of the workpiece 1 perpendicular to the x movement axis be adjusted.
  • the above are adjustable parts via a support arm 9 with a guide carriage 10 rigidly connected in the specified direction of adjustment slidably mounted on a guide bed 11 of the machine is. Between the guide carriage 10 and the guide bed 11 is effective for adjusting a threaded spindle 12, the on the one hand rotatable but axially immovable on the guide bed 11 is stored and on the other hand in a corresponding thread of the Guide carriage 10 engages.
  • the grinding tool is disc-shaped with an annular grinding lip on its periphery 13 trained. From the front of the asymmetrically trained Starting from the grinding lip 13, its radius increases towards the spindle 4, with its largest radius in a circular shaping cutting edge 14 runs out.
  • the process is this shaping cutting edge on the workpiece so that they are approximately radial to the center of the workpiece is directed.
  • the one on the spindle side the rear edge 15 of the grinding lip 13 opening the cutting edge 14 is taking into account the design angle ⁇ designed so that the rear surface to the tool rotation axis c runs at the angle ⁇ .
  • the deepest Point 16 is always in the plane of the two linear ones Movement axes x and y. This is in a comparison 3 and 4 clearly.
  • the cutting edge 14 is always through determines the largest radius of the grinding lip and is also at progressive tool wear always approximately radial to the center of the workpiece. 4 is next to that in full lines shown wear contour also the new contour of the Tool drawn in dashed lines. Based on these The cutting edge is sharpened due to the special tool geometry during the grinding process itself, so that the shape is not impaired for the surface to be processed. The reduction of the cutting edge radius due to wear can easily be taken into account in the machine's computer program become.
  • the grinding material of the grinding lip 13 consists of finely divided Diamond particles.
  • the grinding lip 13 either made of sintered material, in which the diamond particles are embedded, or the finely divided diamond particles are galvanically bonded to the ring-shaped grinding lip 13 applied.
  • the milling tool 2 'is relative its rotational shape is disc-shaped.
  • At the outer ends of the support arms 17 are in diameter matching inserts 19 attached.
  • the ring edges 20 of the cutting inserts 19 are radial to the axis of rotation c of the milling tool 2 'aligned and define a shape toric envelope, indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 5 is indicated.
  • the toric envelope is related to it from its largest radius, the plane is approximately radial to Center of the workpiece.
  • the lowest point 16 'of the shaping toric envelope surface always in the plane of the two linear axes of movement x and y.
  • Fig. 6 it is shown that the cutting inserts 19 on the holding arms 17 each secured by a central screw 21 are. With the help of screw 21, the set rotational position the insert 19 fixed on the holding arm 17. As in Fig. 6 is indicated by the angular dimension ⁇ , from the circumference the cutting edge 20 for the milling process only an angle of about 90 ° used, i.e. only about a quarter of the circumference of the ring cutting edge is used for the milling process. This means that the Inserts 19 after wear of the first ring cutting sector can be turned three times to a new position.
  • the blocked workpiece 1 is first by lateral displacement approached tool 2 on the x-axis, whereupon the Workpiece 1 on the y-axis compared to the one that always remains stationary Tool 2 is moved until the workpiece 1 itself is located approximately at the same level as the tool axis and the Edge of the workpiece touches the circular cutting edge 14. in this connection is rotated around the respective tool and workpiece Rotational movement axes c or b material removed from the workpiece edge.
  • the x-axis and continuous infeed on the y-axis now a processing of the lens blank on the by the Spectacle frame shape predetermined circumferential contour made. at the workpiece 1 is fed on the y-axis Tool attack on the edge of the workpiece, for example in the manner of a helix.
  • step sequence is under constant rotation of workpiece and tool around the associated Rotational axes the workpiece 1 compared to the tool 2 at Grooving operation through coordinated, program-controlled movement shifted further on the x and y axes until the tool and workpiece approximately assume the relative position shown in FIG. 10.
  • the bulk of the blank material to be removed is one adapted as much as possible to the surface to be produced annular trough-shaped surface 23 was created.
  • a method of creating a surface from a Spectacle lens blank described for both brittle hard materials is also suitable for plastics.
  • a Disc-shaped, rotationally symmetrical tool relatively large diameter used, with the help of at least two operations, one grooving operation and one shaping operation with material removal along a spiral path, the blank material to be removed with high Grinding or milling performance is removed.
  • the result is from the last work step a spiral from the outside machining path running inwards with low residual tip height with a relatively large tip distance.
  • the surface created requires only minor finishing and polishing post-processing.
  • the process can be both based on the shape of the glasses adapting edge processing as well as a Eyeglass lens be integrated faceting operation. Farther become tools for carrying out the grinding or milling process proposed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour réaliser une surface concave sur une ébauche de verre à lunettes (pièce à oeuvrer), qui correspond déjà largement à la surface intérieure finie du verre à lunettes, au moyen d'un outil de fraisage ou de meulage, dans lequel la pièce à oeuvrer bloquée et l'outil sont guidés avec faculté de déplacement relatif l'un par rapport à l'autre dans un processus d'usinage à commande numérique avec deux axes de déplacement linéaire (axe x et axe y) et deux axes de mouvement de rotation disposés sous un angle (α) l'un par rapport à l'autre, l'un étant associé à la pièce (axe b) et l'autre étant associé à l'outil (axe c), dans lequel pour la conformation de la surface, l'enlèvement de matière est exécuté le long d'un trajet en forme de spirale sur la surface en déplaçant de façon commandée l'outil et la pièce l'un par rapport à l'autre le long des axes x, y et b, et l'on utilise comme outil un outil à symétrie de révolution en forme de disque qui est agencé de telle manière que le point le plus profond (16, 16') de l'outil se trouve, par référence à la pièce, dans un plan défini par les axes b et x, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'enlèvement de matière le long du trajet en forme de spirale, on procède à une passe de travail en plongée dans laquelle la pièce est mise en rotation autour de son axe (b) et l'outil est déplacé au moins en direction de l'axe y, jusqu'à ce que l'on obtienne une surface en forme de sillon annulaire adapté à la surface concave à réaliser au moins dans la région de la bordure extérieure de la pièce, de sorte qu'au moins dans la région de la bordure extérieure la surface réalisée sur la pièce correspond au contour extérieur de consigne de la surface intérieure active sur le plan optique du verre à lunettes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'avant la passe de travail en plongée, la bordure du verre à lunette est usinée lors d'une opération d'usinage de bordure en vue de l'adaptation au contour de la monture de lunettes, dans laquelle l'outil et la pièce sont tout d'abord rapprochés par mouvement latéral relatif le long de l'axe x, suite à quoi l'outil et la pièce sont déplacés l'un vers l'autre par déplacement relatif le long de l'axe y, jusqu'à ce que la pièce se trouve approximativement à même hauteur que l'axe de l'outil, et la bordure de la pièce est tangente à l'arête de taille de forme circulaire de l'outil, de sorte que lors d'une rotation de l'outil et de la pièce autour des axes de déplacement de rotation respectif (axes b et c) de la matière est enlevée depuis la bordure de la pièce, et par un mouvement latéral relatif le long de l'axe x et une approche continue le long de l'axe y, on procède à un usinage de l'ébauche de verre à lunettes au contour périphérique imposé par la forme de la monture de lunettes.
  3. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède en une seule prise de la pièce à l'opération d'usinage de bordure, à la passe de plongée, et à l'usinage le long du trajet de forme spiralée, en succession continue.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'avant la passe de plongée et le cas échéant après l'opération d'usinage de bordure, l'arête périphérique supérieure de la pièce est facettée au moyen de l'outil, la passe de travail de réalisation des facettes étant exécutée en succession continue avec les autres opérations de travail.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (α) entre l'axe de la pièce (b) et l'axe de l'outil (c) s'élève 105° pendant toutes les opérations.
  6. Outil de meulage en forme de disque comportant une lèvre de meulage de forme annulaire pour mise en oeuvre du procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5 afin de réaliser une surface concave sur une ébauche de verre à lunettes dure et cassante, caractérisé en ce que la lèvre de meulage (13) sur l'outil (2) est réalisée de manière asymétrique et se termine par son plus grand rayon en une arête de taille (14) de conformation en forme circulaire, et ce que la surface postérieure (15) de l'outil (2), détournée de la lèvre de meulage (13) et se terminant dans l'arête de taille (14), s'étend par rapport à l'axe de rotation de l'outil (c) sous l'angle (α) défini entre l'axe de rotation de la pièce (b) et l'axe de rotation de l'outil (c).
  7. Outil de fraisage pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5 afin de réaliser une surface concave sur une ébauche de verre à lunettes en matière plastique, caractérisé en ce que, vis-à-vis de sa forme de révolution, il est réalisé en forme de disque et pourvu d'une pluralité de bras de maintien (17) répartis régulièrement à la périphérie, aux extrémités extérieures desdits bras étant fixées des plaquettes de coupe (19) qui sont orientées radialement par rapport à l'axe de rotation (c) de l'outil de fraisage (2'), et dont les tranchants (20) définissent une surface enveloppe de conformation toroïdale.
  8. Outil de fraisage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les plaquettes de coupe (19) sont capables de tourner autour de leur centre, et susceptibles d'être fixées dans la position de rotation respective sur les bras de maintien (17).
EP96112436A 1995-08-12 1996-08-01 Procédé pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette Expired - Lifetime EP0758571B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19529786 1995-08-12
DE19529786A DE19529786C1 (de) 1995-08-12 1995-08-12 Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Erzeugung einer konkaven Oberfläche an einem Brillenglasrohling

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0758571A1 EP0758571A1 (fr) 1997-02-19
EP0758571B1 true EP0758571B1 (fr) 2002-01-16
EP0758571B2 EP0758571B2 (fr) 2005-09-07
EP0758571B8 EP0758571B8 (fr) 2005-11-23

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EP96112436A Expired - Lifetime EP0758571B8 (fr) 1995-08-12 1996-08-01 Procédé pour la réalisation d'une surface concave dans une ébauche de verre à lunette

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US5938381A (fr)
EP (1) EP0758571B8 (fr)
DE (2) DE19529786C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2171580T5 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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US7153184B2 (en) 2002-10-25 2006-12-26 Carl Zeiss Vision Gmbh Method and apparatus for producing optical glasses
WO2023046937A1 (fr) 2021-09-24 2023-03-30 Satisloh Ag Procédé d'usinage de pièces optiques, en particulier de verres de lunettes en matière plastique
DE102021005202A1 (de) 2021-10-19 2023-04-20 Satisloh Ag Aufnahme für die Bearbeitung von optischen Werkstücken, insbesondere Brillenlinsen

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ES2171580T3 (es) 2002-09-16
US6227952B1 (en) 2001-05-08
DE59608585D1 (de) 2002-02-21
DE19529786C1 (de) 1997-03-06
US5938381A (en) 1999-08-17
EP0758571B8 (fr) 2005-11-23
MX9603307A (es) 1997-07-31
EP0758571B2 (fr) 2005-09-07
EP0758571A1 (fr) 1997-02-19
ES2171580T5 (es) 2006-03-16

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