EP0293702A1 - Déclencheur électromagnétique pour un disjoncteur de courant de fuite - Google Patents
Déclencheur électromagnétique pour un disjoncteur de courant de fuite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0293702A1 EP0293702A1 EP88108178A EP88108178A EP0293702A1 EP 0293702 A1 EP0293702 A1 EP 0293702A1 EP 88108178 A EP88108178 A EP 88108178A EP 88108178 A EP88108178 A EP 88108178A EP 0293702 A1 EP0293702 A1 EP 0293702A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- yoke
- armature
- layer
- trigger
- hard material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
- H01H71/327—Manufacturing or calibrating methods, e.g. air gap treatments
Definitions
- the invention is based on a trigger with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- a trigger is known from DE-27 55 645 B2.
- it also contains a permanent magnet which lies against the yoke; the magnetic force flow emanating from this permanent magnet causes the armature to be attracted by the yoke against the action of a return spring acting on the armature.
- a trip coil surrounding the yoke is provided.
- the tripping coil has the task of generating a power flow that is dependent on the fault current and that is opposite to the power flow emanating from the permanent magnet, so that the force with which the armature is attracted by the yoke is reduced and the return spring can pull the armature off the yoke.
- the air gap between the armature and the yoke should be as small as possible.
- the response sensitivity of the trigger should remain constant for as long as possible.
- the surfaces of the pole faces of the armature or yoke with a corrosion-resistant and tough material with good sliding properties, namely with a metal of the first, second or eighth subgroup of the periodic system of the elements or their alloys with a layer thickness of up to 1 ⁇ m.
- the group of precious metals, especially gold is intended, which should be deposited by electrolytic deposition or by vapor deposition.
- the coating is intended to achieve a lubricating effect so that no abrasion is formed during the long service life and the air gap remains constant. It is stated in DE-27 55 645 B2, however, that the thin coating is not sufficient for corrosion protection, since it is not pore-free. In order to avoid corrosion, which could also change the air gap, it is therefore intended to use corrosion-resistant materials both as a soft magnetic material for the armature and for the yoke and for the coating. Applying thicker coatings that could provide effective protection against corrosion is prohibited, as they would reduce the sensitivity of the trigger.
- the invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic trigger for residual current circuit breaker that can be produced with reasonable effort and the air gap has an improved temporal consistency.
- the problem of the temporal constancy of the air gap can be overcome with a thin hard material coating on the pole faces of the armature and the yoke.
- the hard material layers are so wear-resistant, in particular abrasion-resistant, against the mechanical loads occurring during the tripping process and when the residual current circuit breaker is switched on, that the constancy of the air gap over time is drastically extended compared to known triggers.
- the optimal layer thickness is between 0.4 ⁇ m and 0.8 ⁇ m.
- already with such thin Hard material layers can achieve a significant improvement in the corrosion resistance of the yoke and the anchor.
- the vapor-deposited hard material layers can in fact form a pore-free film even at lower layer thicknesses than the electrolytically applied layers described in DE-27 55 645 B2.
- Titanium hard materials in particular titanium nitride, are preferably selected for the hard material layer.
- carbides and carbon nitrides of titanium are also very suitable.
- CVD method chemical vapor deposition
- PVD method physical vapor deposition
- ion plating ion plating
- Cathode sputtering as a frequently used PVD process, takes place at temperatures below 250 ° C. and has the advantage that it has no influence on the magnetic properties of the base materials of the armature and the yoke to be coated.
- CVD processes may require working at higher temperatures, they make it possible to specifically influence the surface structure, namely the micro-roughness, by varying the deposition parameters (temperature, pressure, coating time) in the CVD reactor.
- the accompanying drawing shows schematically an electromagnetic release consisting of an armature 1, a yoke 2, a permanent magnet 3 for generating the magnetic flux, by the action of which the armature 1 is attracted to the yoke 2 and adheres to it, as long as not by one on one leg of the yoke 2 arranged trigger coil 4 an oppositely directed magnetic force flow is generated, the size of which is dependent on a fault current. If such a fault current occurs, the outgoing magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 3 is ge weakens and a return spring 5, which acts on the armature 1, can pull the armature 1 from the yoke 2 and thereby interrupt a circuit to be monitored.
- the permanent magnet 3 resets the armature 1 by pulling it against the yoke 2.
- their surfaces there have a thin layer of a hard material. Examples are given below.
- a hard material layer is preferably applied to the relevant surfaces of both the armature 1 and the yoke 2 after they have been ground and polished flat.
- the carefully cleaned anchors and yokes are deposited as substrates to be coated on holders in an evacuable coating chamber of a vacuum coating system.
- the chamber is evacuated and, after reaching a vacuum of the order of 10 ⁇ 6 mbar, argon is introduced at a pressure of approx. 1 x 10 ⁇ 2 mbar for sputter etching of the substrates.
- High frequency etching takes place at about 1500 V for 10 minutes, as a result of which the oxide layers on the substrates are detached.
- a 0.5 ⁇ m thick titanium nitride layer is generated for about 10 minutes at a power of about 10 W / cm2.
- the PVD coating applies a surface layer in which the substrate geometry or topography is essentially imaged, ie only relatively small changes in the micro roughness take place.
- the coating times given above refer to the operation with a fixed substrate carrier, in continuous or batch systems with drum holders the coating times are extended according to the areas currently in engagement (in relation to the total area of the substrate carriers).
- the carefully cleaned anchors and yokes are deposited on supports in an evacuable coating chamber as substrates to be coated.
- the chamber is evacuated and after reaching a rough vacuum of approx. 1 mbar pressure, hydrogen is introduced into the chamber and the chamber is heated to 860 ° C. under a hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure of approx. 200 mbar.
- nitrogen and titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) are introduced into the chamber, the ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen being about 3.5: 1, and a pressure of 900 mbar is set in the chamber. Under this pressure and the At a temperature of 860 ° C, titanium nitride is deposited on the substrates.
- the thickness of the titanium nitride layer has increased to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the chamber is then rinsed with cold argon and cooled, and the coated parts are removed. Their micro roughness is slightly increased compared to the uncoated parts.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3718204 | 1987-05-29 | ||
DE3718204 | 1987-05-29 | ||
DE19873719946 DE3719946A1 (de) | 1987-05-29 | 1987-06-15 | Elektromagnetischer ausloeser fuer einen fehlerstromschutzschalter |
DE3719946 | 1987-06-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0293702A1 true EP0293702A1 (fr) | 1988-12-07 |
EP0293702B1 EP0293702B1 (fr) | 1992-05-06 |
Family
ID=25856163
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19880108178 Expired - Lifetime EP0293702B1 (fr) | 1987-05-29 | 1988-05-21 | Déclencheur électromagnétique pour un disjoncteur de courant de fuite |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0293702B1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3719946A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2031952T3 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT403534B (de) * | 1991-01-16 | 1998-03-25 | Biegelmeier Gottfried | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
FR2793947A1 (fr) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-11-24 | Thermocompact Sa | Relais a haute sensibilite, et procede pour sa fabrication |
EP1345246A2 (fr) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-09-17 | ABB PATENT GmbH | Dispositif de déclenchement pour un disjoncteur différentiel et méthode de fabrication |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004017779A1 (de) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-11-10 | Siemens Ag | Auslöserelais |
DE102012009665B4 (de) | 2012-05-12 | 2022-04-07 | Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH | Elektrisches Auslöserelais für einen Schalter, insbesondere für einen Schutzschalter zum Überwachen elektrischer Netze |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2045189B2 (de) * | 1970-09-12 | 1975-07-03 | Castolin S.A., St. Sulpice, Lausanne, Vaud (Schweiz) | Pulverförmige Hartstoffmischung |
DE2440362A1 (de) * | 1974-08-23 | 1976-03-04 | Licentia Gmbh | Elektromagnet |
DE2755645B2 (de) * | 1977-12-14 | 1980-02-07 | Schutzapparate-Gesellschaft Paris + Co Mbh Kg, 5885 Schalksmuehle | Elektromagnetischer Auslöser, insbesondere Haltemagnetauslöser für Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
DE3410596A1 (de) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-09-26 | Siemens Ag | Elektromagnetischer ausloeser fuer fehlerstromschutzschalter |
-
1987
- 1987-06-15 DE DE19873719946 patent/DE3719946A1/de active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-05-21 DE DE8888108178T patent/DE3870707D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-21 ES ES88108178T patent/ES2031952T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-21 EP EP19880108178 patent/EP0293702B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2045189B2 (de) * | 1970-09-12 | 1975-07-03 | Castolin S.A., St. Sulpice, Lausanne, Vaud (Schweiz) | Pulverförmige Hartstoffmischung |
DE2440362A1 (de) * | 1974-08-23 | 1976-03-04 | Licentia Gmbh | Elektromagnet |
DE2755645B2 (de) * | 1977-12-14 | 1980-02-07 | Schutzapparate-Gesellschaft Paris + Co Mbh Kg, 5885 Schalksmuehle | Elektromagnetischer Auslöser, insbesondere Haltemagnetauslöser für Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
DE3410596A1 (de) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-09-26 | Siemens Ag | Elektromagnetischer ausloeser fuer fehlerstromschutzschalter |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
METALLOBERFLÄCHE, Band 40, Nr. 12, Dezember 1986, München, DE; K. REICHELT: "Aufdampfen und Aufstäuben von Hartstoffschichten" * |
THIN SOLID FILMS, Band 126, Nr. 314, April 1985, Lausanne, CH; T.A. MÄNTYLÄ et al.: "Corrosion behaviour and protective quality of TiN coatings" * |
W. FOERST: "Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie", Band 12, Auflage 3, Urban & Schwarzenber, 1960, München-Berlin, DE * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT403534B (de) * | 1991-01-16 | 1998-03-25 | Biegelmeier Gottfried | Fehlerstromschutzschalter |
FR2793947A1 (fr) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-11-24 | Thermocompact Sa | Relais a haute sensibilite, et procede pour sa fabrication |
EP1345246A2 (fr) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-09-17 | ABB PATENT GmbH | Dispositif de déclenchement pour un disjoncteur différentiel et méthode de fabrication |
EP1345246A3 (fr) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-10-15 | ABB PATENT GmbH | Dispositif de déclenchement pour un disjoncteur différentiel et méthode de fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3870707D1 (de) | 1992-06-11 |
EP0293702B1 (fr) | 1992-05-06 |
DE3719946A1 (de) | 1988-12-22 |
ES2031952T3 (es) | 1993-01-01 |
DE3719946C2 (fr) | 1991-10-31 |
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