Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
  • E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
  • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
  • E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
  • E01C7/12—Mortar-bound paving
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
  • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
  • E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• the post-published DE-A-31 11 128 dated March 20, 1981 claims a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, and its manufacture, and is based on the preamble of claim 1.
• the covering layer of that covering is formed from a setting mass consisting essentially of brick powder, mineral material and inorganic binder.
• That setting mass is a dough-like, aqueous slurry which contains as a binder a tile adhesive, namely a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN 18 156.
• a dough-like slurry of tile adhesive, brick powder, mineral material, preferably quartz sand is applied to water on a prepared substructure with an essentially flat surface.
• DE-A-31 11 128 also goes back to the inventor named for the present application. With reference to DE-A-31 11 128, its content is also to be made part of the present application insofar as this is necessary for understanding and further explaining the present invention.
• the covering components are applied in the form of an aqueous slurry to the prepared substructure and set there.
• the finished slurry should have a pulp-like consistency with a relatively low water content, so that after the setting a good water permeability of the covering is guaranteed.
• the preparation of a usable slurry presents some difficulties, since lump formation can occur when the tile adhesive comes into contact with moist brick powder and the high viscosity of the slurry which forms requires high gravitational forces in order to achieve an even distribution of all components.
• the covering formed from the aqueous slurry has a smooth, dense surface, comparable to the surface of set concrete, which must be mechanically roughened in a separate operation before using the covering as a tennis court or the like.
• Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention relate to the selection of the tile adhesive, the mineral material, the composition of the dry-mixed particle mixture, the sequence of adding the components during the preparation of the particle mixture, the application of the particle mixture to the substructure surface and the preferably repeated spraying of the compressed particle mixture with quite fine water droplets, as indicated in the subclaims.
• a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts which has a top layer containing brick flour on a mostly customary substructure, for example on a substructure with the typical layer sequence of a tennis surface in accordance with DIN 18 035 sheet 5; in such a case the dry premixed particle mixture is applied to the dynamic layer of such a substructure to form the tennis surface.
• the covering In addition to brick flour, the covering must contain hard, preferably rounded, particles made of an inert material, for example quartz sand particles.
• a bonded covering is obtained by the process according to the invention, with tile adhesive serving as a special and additional binder.
• tile adhesive serving as a special and additional binder.
• the strength of the brick powder layer can be increased significantly, so that a Durability is maintained; the value of the slip behavior, for example determined as static or sliding friction on the surface of the covering under certain loads, can be set within a wide range by targeted selection of the proportions of the covering components.
• the increased strength can largely do that the well-known brick powder top layer can be obtained.
• the slip behavior can be set to specific values for specific requirements.
• given the composition of the cover layer its softness can be influenced by selecting certain layer thicknesses.
• the method according to the invention results in a cover layer of extremely high durability, so that practically no care and / or maintenance work is required even after playing tennis for several hours.
• the surface layer proves to be frost-proof, so that no special renovation work is required even after the winter break when used with a winter-proof substructure.
• the covering produced according to the invention proves to be waterproof and is permeable to the extent necessary; i.e. after a rain, excess water quickly, i.e. within a few minutes, through the porous cover layer to the substructure and derived from it. Even when there is considerable dryness in the tangan, the surface covering layer particles do not detach, so that no significant dust formation occurs.
• the topping produced according to the invention thus permits largely weather-independent playability without additional measures such as the known removal, rolling and / or watering. Since the formation of dust is considerably reduced, the covering produced according to the invention can also be provided as a floor covering in tennis halls and the like.
• the covering produced according to the invention can be repaired particularly easily, since the dry premixed particle mixture is simply applied again to worn areas and is then carefully sprayed with water.
• the newly applied material binds securely to the existing covering material even in a very thin layer thickness without additional measures.
• brick flour The well-known, commercially available product is used as brick flour, which is widely used to form the top layer in known tennis courts.
• Brick flour of grain size 0/3 is preferably used, i.e. a material whose average particle size should not significantly exceed 3 mm.
• Tile adhesive is also a well-known, commercially available product, which experts call hydraulic thin-bed mortar (cf. DIN 18156, Parts 1 and 2).
• hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortars are powdery mixtures of hydraulic binders, mineral aggregates (usually 0.5 mm grain size) and organic additives.
• tile adhesives which meet the conditions for thin-bed mortar DIN 18156-M (cf. DIN 18 156, Part 2) are preferably used. Deviating from the usual processing of tile adhesive, the dry tile adhesive powder is carefully mixed with other solids in the present case, and the mixture obtained is moistened uniformly with water.
• German Patent 1,158,430 discloses the use of a mortar that dry 24.8 to 89.9% by weight Portland cement, 0.2 to 6.5% by weight methyl cellulose with a viscosity between 10 and 7000 cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, and contains about 10 to 75% additives such as sand or ground limestone and about 10 to 40% water are added to the use, so that the viscosity of the water phase of the mixture is at least 500 cP to Laying tiles and tiles, covering the surface to be tiled with a layer of mortar and pressing the tiles dry into it.
• additives such as sand or ground limestone
• a laying mortar is known from German patent specification 1 646 493 which, in addition to cement and graded sand, contains 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of methyl cellulose and 1.0 to 10% by weight of a copolymer of 20 to 80% by weight. Contains vinyl chloride and 80 to 20 wt .-% vinyl propionate. In addition, this laying mortar can also contain 5 to 25% by weight of tress.
• German Auslegeschrift 2 146 709 describes the use of a mortar mixture for laying tiles and tiles in the thin bed method, consisting of 25 to 85% by weight of cement, 0.05 to 0.15% by weight of methyl cellulose with a viscosity of 1000 to 3000 cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, melamine-formaldehyde condensation products containing 1.5 to 6% by weight sulfonic acid groups and having a viscosity of 40 to 500 cP, measured in 20% aqueous solution, 0.02 to 0 , 1% by weight of water-soluble, nonionic polyacrylamide, each based on the total weight of the dry mixture, the rest of sand and / or ground limestone.
• This mortar mixture can additionally contain 0.5 to 5% by weight of asbestos fibers.
• tile adhesives essentially consist of approximately 24.8 to 89.8% by weight of cement, approximately 10 to 75% by weight of aggregates such as sand and / or ground limestone and approximately 0.2 to 6.5% by weight.
• -% methyl cellulose and can optionally contain other components, namely up to 10 wt .-% copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl propionate, up to 6 wt .-% melamine-formaldehyde K-ondensationstechnisch, up to 0.1 wt .-% polyacrylamide, to 25% by weight of tress and / or up to 5% by weight of fibrous material, preferably asbestos.
• cement for example, Portland cement, Portland slag cement, lime slag cement, iron ore cement, pozzolana cement and the like come into consideration.
• the following compositions have proven particularly useful for the present purpose:
• quartz sand The product of the "coarse” quality level usually used in the construction industry serves as quartz sand, such quartz sand has an average particle size of up to about 0.7 mm.
• quartz sand is intended to include not only finely ground silicon dioxide but also other finely divided, inert minerals and mixtures include from silica with such minerals.
• additives can be provided in addition to the specified essential components, such as dyes, fungicidal, bactericidal or herbicidal agents and other known additives.
• the coefficient of friction of adhesion refers to the force required to set the test specimen in motion; the coefficient of friction of the sliding friction corresponds to the force required at a speed of 3 cm / sec. Under these conditions, friction coefficients of adhesion and sliding friction in the range from approximately 2.7 to 3.0 were determined for known brick dust coverings. By suitable selection of the proportions and the various components, friction coefficients in this area can also be achieved on the cover layers produced according to the invention. With given proportions of brick powder and tile adhesive, an increase in the quartz sand content leads to a decrease in these coefficients of friction, which as a result promotes slipping on the surface of the surface layer.
• top layer that is particularly suitable as a tennis court covering
• 100 parts by volume of brick powder can be mixed with 10 to 90 parts by volume of quartz sand and 20 to 60 parts by volume of tile adhesive.
• Working with vol. Parts has proven itself well in practice, since here the effects of the frequently changing and, in practice, difficult to check moisture content of the brick powder are largely eliminated).
• 100 parts by volume of brick flour with 20 to 60 parts by volume of quartz sand and 35 to 55 parts by volume of brick flour mixed.
• the composition "Tile Adhesive I" or "Tile Adhesive 11" given above was occasionally used as the tile adhesive, without this leading to any noteworthy differences in the properties of the top layer.
• the covering produced according to the invention can be produced in a relatively small layer thickness on the prepared substructure.
• the minimum layer thickness is determined by the intended service life of the covering.
• the minimum layer thickness of the finished, set covering should be 10 mm, but at least 5 mm.
• a maximum layer thickness results from the observation that when the layer thickness of the cover layer increases, its softness increases; the layer thickness should therefore not be more than 35 mm, in particular not more than 30 mm. With larger layer thicknesses, cracking and a decrease in water permeability must also be expected. Layer thicknesses between 15 and 25 mm have proven successful, a layer thickness of approximately 20 mm being particularly preferred.
• the dry premixed particle mixture is applied in a dry state to the prepared substructure, leveled there and compacted.
• the layer thickness decreases, so that the loose, dry particle mixture must be applied in a larger layer thickness in order to obtain a covering with the layer thicknesses specified above after compression and setting.
• the layer thickness of the loose, loose particle mixture decreases by the compression and setting by about 15 to 20%, so that to ensure the above-mentioned layer thicknesses of the finished covering, the dry, loose particle mixture is applied in a correspondingly higher layer thickness to the prepared substructure got to.
• a satisfactory covering is obtained when the covering is produced on a flat, firm, dry and water-draining surface using the process according to the invention.
• a subsoil can be the naturally existing floor or a prepared substructure.
• the layer sequence with filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer according to DIN 18 035, sheet 5, which is typical for tennis courts, is suitable as the substructure, the top layer produced according to the invention then serving as the tennis surface.
• sheet 5 the content thereof, insofar as it is necessary for further explanation of the substrate, filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer including their materials, grain sizes and requirements, should also be made part of the present application.
• the covering can be produced on a water-permeable, bituminous or cement-bound base, for example on a base in the form of a known hard court. If a given asphalt or concrete layer serves as a base and its water permeability is insufficient, a number of holes can be drilled through this layer into the water-draining surface.
• the dry premixed particle mixture of the constituents mentioned is applied in a dry form to the essentially flat surface of the prepared substrate or substructure.
• the components can be mixed in conventional devices, for example in rotating drums with drum inserts which promote the mixing.
• the brick powder and the quartz sand are first put into the mixing drum or the like. These two components are roughly mixed together by rotating the drum a few times.
• the powdered, dry tile adhesive is then added and distributed uniformly in the other components. When adding the tile adhesive, it is advisable to avoid a local excess of tile adhesive. As far as possible, the tile adhesive should be placed in the rotating mixing drum to the mixture of quartz sand and brick powder. After adding the tile adhesive, the mixture should be mixed for at least 5 minutes to ensure an even distribution.
• the dry-mixed particle mixture obtained is applied in the intended layer thickness on the surface of the substructure, leveled there largely and then compressed in the dry state.
• the compression can be done with different devices.
• the compression should not be carried out too far, since otherwise the moisture does not penetrate sufficiently into the compacted material during subsequent watering.
• Rolling is preferably ended when the layer thickness of the loosely applied and leveled particle mixture has decreased by approximately 15 to 20%.
• the still dry, compressed particle mixture layer is sprayed with water.
• uniform moisture absorption should be achieved over the entire layer thickness of the compacted layer.
• the setting reaction takes place relatively quickly in the areas of the cover layer near the surface, which prevents moisture from penetrating into deeper areas. This can impair the homogeneity of the covering over its entire layer thickness.
• Good results were achieved, for example, by spraying the compacted surface with a spray which was as fine as possible until the water stopped briefly on the surface of the layer. This spraying was repeated after a few minutes until the water stopped again briefly on the surface of the layer and then repeated again under these conditions. In a practical experiment, approximately 4 to 6 liters of water were applied per m 2 of an approximately 25 mm thick, compressed layer.
• this layer sets over the entire layer thickness within approx. 12 hours.
• the playability of the course is then given in dry weather after about 2 to 3 days.
• the surface can be sprinkled with very fine brick flour if necessary to accelerate the formation of the slipping behavior typical of conventional brick flour places.
• the covering produced by the method according to the invention can be used as a covering in a wide variety of sports facilities.
• This surface is particularly suitable and intended for tennis courts. Since there is no excessive dust formation when used as a tennis court, nor is the water required for conventional brick flour courts, this surface can also be provided in sports halls.
• Other application examples include Hard courts for other ball games, the run-in section of long jump facilities as well as running and sprint tracks.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Road Paving Structures (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=25796159

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (19)

• 1982
  • 1982-04-30 DE DE8282103723T patent/DE3272112D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-30 AU AU83992/82A patent/AU548363B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1982-04-30 EP EP82103723A patent/EP0066099B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-30 CA CA000402020A patent/CA1185999A/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-30 WO PCT/EP1982/000089 patent/WO1982004081A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1982-04-30 GR GR68042A patent/GR75436B/el unknown
  • 1982-04-30 ES ES511843A patent/ES511843A0/es active Granted
  • 1982-05-03 IE IE1045/82A patent/IE52589B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-12-27 NO NO824388A patent/NO824388L/no unknown
  • 1982-12-30 FI FI824514A patent/FI74758C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-12-30 DK DK579882A patent/DK154843C/da not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (1)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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