EP0053702B1 - Echeveau de fibres et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Echeveau de fibres et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053702B1
EP0053702B1 EP81108906A EP81108906A EP0053702B1 EP 0053702 B1 EP0053702 B1 EP 0053702B1 EP 81108906 A EP81108906 A EP 81108906A EP 81108906 A EP81108906 A EP 81108906A EP 0053702 B1 EP0053702 B1 EP 0053702B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibre
caracterised
rope
fibre material
fibre rope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108906A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0053702A1 (fr
Inventor
S.A. Breveteam
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Breveteam SA
Original Assignee
Breveteam SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Breveteam SA filed Critical Breveteam SA
Priority to AT81108906T priority Critical patent/ATE12796T1/de
Publication of EP0053702A1 publication Critical patent/EP0053702A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053702B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053702B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fiber strand with mutually consolidated textile fibers or threads, and a method for its production, in which the fibers or threads are consolidated in the fiber strand.
  • the yarns are divided into finenesses, in finenesses of z. B. Nm 100 (very fine) down to Nm 0.01 (coarse).
  • a yarn of Nm 1, i.e. H. of 1 gram per linear meter of yarn represents a relatively coarse yarn that can be used in carpet production.
  • Coarser yarns can generally be produced by carded spinning, while very coarse, for example finger-thick yarns, e.g. B. by twisting together several fine yarns or in the elaborate manual spinning process. Such yarn manufacturing is relatively expensive.
  • a twisted yarn is known (DE-B-1 510 999), in which a helically wound, thick sliver called roving forms a cross section filled with fibers by overlapping its side edges. Due to the overlaps, the sliver has a coarse surface that is corrugated in the longitudinal direction. The sliver is twisted into a thread in the form of a single thread, so that the fibers are solidified in the thread in the usual way.
  • a structured yarn from a tuft of fibers or threads (DE-B-2 110 192) is also known, which has constrictions with bulky intermediate zones in between.
  • the constrictions preformed by local twisting are fixed by rings made of polymeric material, so that alternately strongly bonded zones and zones without binding are present.
  • the fibers or threads are bulky in the form of loops, so that elasticity is achieved.
  • These yarns can have a fineness of 500-30 000 den. own and because of their bulk they can be used as artificial feathers or down or as a grass substitute or when the use of fine fibers is required.
  • the rings are not only a product that is foreign to the fiber material, but also require a special process step in the manufacture of the yarn, which is expensive.
  • the fiber strand is characterized according to the invention in that it is at least 4 mm thick in at least one transverse direction, and in that the fiber material contained in the fiber strand is actively needled transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fiber strand by holding fibers or threads originating from this fiber strand.
  • the fiber strand according to the invention there is therefore a structure in which the structure of the fiber material held together by the transverse fibers or transverse thread parts is changed, preferably consolidated, and is decisive for the character of the fiber material.
  • a yarn-like, elongated textile product can thus be obtained, the structure of which is determined by the fiber material held together according to the invention.
  • the fiber strand according to the invention has sufficient cohesion due to the transverse fibers, so that there is an independent strand-like structure with sufficient strength which can be handled without falling apart and can therefore be used as such.
  • the fiber strand therefore not only has sufficient strength until it is processed, but its strength can also be improved even during processing itself.
  • the requirements for the fiber strand in terms of strength can therefore be lower in certain cases than in known, e.g. B. twisted yarn.
  • the fiber strand according to the invention not only has a loose character, but can also have a structure and / or pattern.
  • a textile material is present above all for the cohesion of the fiber material, as a result of which the fiber strand according to the invention can be consolidated without a foreign material.
  • the fiber strand can be used to manufacture products where a coarse character and / or a structure and / or a pattern is desired.
  • Floor and wall coverings in particular can be produced using the fiber strand according to the invention, in particular also if a hand weave character is desired.
  • EP-A-0 053 700 entitled "Unwoven flooring", in which flooring is described in which the fiber strand according to the invention can be used.
  • actively needled is understood to mean that fibers of the fiber material move in a needling process relative to other fibers of the fiber material therein, e.g. B. undressed and intertwined, d. that is, can make an active difference.
  • active needling the fibers are therefore aligned transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fiber strand and then lie as transverse fibers or parts of threads, i.e. that is, as holding fibers. The fiber material is held together by this active needling.
  • the needling of the fiber material allows the fiber strand to be produced in a particularly advantageous manner, inexpensively and simply. As a result, it can have the appearance of a thick skein of thread, so that it can also be referred to as "needle thread". No special pre-consolidation measures or, for example, an additional material are necessary, but the fiber strand can be constructed exclusively from the fiber material.
  • the fiber material can be produced with stitch densities of 20-200 punctures / cm 2 , ie, due to its thickness, there may be high stitch densities and thus a high needling density. In this way, the fiber material can be actively compacted to form the fiber strand.
  • the active needling can flatten the fiber material so that a flattened or substantially flat product can be present.
  • the actively needled fiber material can already exist as a strand of fibers and as such z. B. used as described above or z. B. be processed further.
  • the fiber material can also be rotated to the fiber strand, for. B. twisted or twisted, or rolled up, wound or layered together and actively needled. It can e.g. B. spirally or helically.
  • the Z. B. summarized fiber material may be present as a strand of fibers or z. B. can be needled again actively in the summarized state.
  • the strand-like fiber material can, however, first be combined to form the fiber strand and then actively needled.
  • the strand-like fiber material can be present as an overlapping rolled or wound layer thereof.
  • the active needling can fix the rotation, twisting, curling or entanglement so that the fiber strand cannot untwist or wind up.
  • the actively needled fiber material may be in ribbon or strip form, e.g. B. with a circular or substantially circular or elliptical or substantially rectangular cross section.
  • it can also be twisted weakly in itself and actively needled, it being possible in a particularly advantageous manner to prevent the fiber material and thus the fiber strand from being untwisted by the holding fibers.
  • Is z. B. before an untwisted fiber material the same can be pre-needled prior to combining to form the fiber strand in order to achieve cohesion until active needling. It can e.g. B. an unrotated or weakly rotated fuse actively needled the fiber strand. But you can also before or after needling to the fiber strand z. B. rotated or wound.
  • the fiber strand according to the invention can be formed with a structure and / or pattern due to the strand-like actively needled fiber material.
  • a high-low structure or a terry-like, loop-like, chenille-like, velor-like or rough yarn-like structure can be present. This can be done by the z. B. the type of combination of the fiber material and / or active needling described above can be achieved in the desired manner.
  • the fiber strand can have a core around which the fiber material is laid.
  • the core can also consist of fibers or threads, but it can also be made of another material, e.g. B. consist of a foam, or a twisted film.
  • the fiber material of the fiber strand can be made of natural or synthetic fibers or threads, e.g. B. multifilaments, exist or contain them, which can also be different in color. It can also consist of split fibers or split threads, such as z. B. can be made of a film material, or there may be shrink fibers. In a further embodiment, the fiber material can also consist of two layers of different fibers, either before or after needling z. B. can be combined in the manner described above to the fiber strand. In this way it is possible to use a z. B. to combine inferior fiber material with a high quality and z. B. a core of inferior, z. B.
  • inferior fiber material to surround with a high quality fiber material and by needling the two materials together to obtain the fiber strand according to the invention.
  • a z. B. milled felt layer as the fiber material or the same as felted material for building the fiber strand z. B. in one of the ways mentioned above in the fiber strand.
  • the active needling can in any way on the strand-like fiber material and thus z. B. done on the fiber strand, it can be strip-shaped needling, for. B. present in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the fiber strand or a patterned needling.
  • the fiber strand according to the invention can have a fineness of 15-50 ktex.
  • the active needling produces holding fibers 5 which originate from the fiber material 1 and which extend transversely to the longitudinal extent A as transverse fibers through the fiber material 1 and its layers 3.
  • the holding fibers 5 hold the fiber material 1 combined to form the fiber strand 4 and thus also the fiber strand 4.
  • the winding of the fiber material 1 and the active needling can be carried out on customary known devices.
  • an actively needled fiber material 1 is specified, in which the fibers are present in a density such that individual fibers or tufts of fibers can be gripped by needling needles and moved relative to the fibers which are not grasped.
  • the fiber strand 4 has a flattened shape, with its larger transverse dimension B having a thickness C of at least 4 mm.
  • the structure of the fiber strand 4 is therefore determined by the fibers 2 arranged in the form of strands, which are held by the holding fibers 5, i. H. the active needling is held together.
  • the flattened structure can already result from the needling, even if the combined fiber material 1 before needling z. B. had a cylindrical shape, because of the needling z. B. a meeting of the fiber material 1 takes place. But it can also in the form shown, i.e. H. are wound with the larger dimension B, whereby it can be more or less compressed by needling. In this way, the fiber strand 4 can be designed in any flattened form.
  • the fiber strand 11 can not only z. B. have a high longitudinal strength, but its circular cross-section D can be maintained substantially with active needling, so that the fiber strand 11 is substantially cylindrical.
  • the production can be carried out using conventional devices for winding around a core and for active needling.
  • a fiber strand 12 in which a fiber material 13 around a core 14 of fibers 15, for. B. staple fibers or multifilaments, is wound spirally in overlapping layers 16.
  • the fiber material 16 is wrapped in a helical shape by an overwrapping thread 17 and actively needled, with retaining fibers 18 extending through the layers 16 transversely to the longitudinal extent E of the fiber strand 12 without having penetrated into the core 14.
  • the fiber strand 12 is therefore present with the needleless core 14.
  • the wound fiber material 13 can be held together before the Vernadein and the fiber strand 12 a structure or at z.
  • B. colored design of the winding thread 17 a pattern can be given.
  • the core can also be non-textile material, e.g. B. this also mixed with fiber material, so that the fiber strand according to the invention can be designed in any way.
  • Fig. 4 shows a strand-like fiber material 19, for. B. a fleece-like material, when winding around a core 20, which can consist of textile or non-textile material.
  • the fiber material 19 is actively needled in itself, so that holding fibers 21 are present transversely to the longitudinal extent or longitudinal direction F of the fiber material 19 and hold the same together.
  • the wound fiber material can be needled again actively so that it converges to form the fiber strand is held.
  • the fiber material can also be cylindrical, ie. H. be wound in one layer and attached in this state in one of the ways described above to form a fiber strand.
  • the fiber strand 23 As shown in the photographic illustration of FIG. 5, there is one fiber strand 23 each, which is made up of an untwisted fiber material 24, which in FIG. 5 is not visibly needled.
  • the fiber strand is wound with a tension thread so tense that the fiber strand 23 is contracted in its longitudinal direction G due to the tension of the winding thread and has constrictions 25.
  • the winding thread has intertwined with the fiber material 24 in such a way that it appears to be soul-like and therefore invisible. Due to the constriction 25, the fiber material 24 swells out between them and the fiber strand 23 has z.
  • B. the appearance or a structure that is pearl-like, d. H. as if pearls were strung on a string.
  • the fiber strand 23 can therefore advantageously be present with a high-low structure.
  • FIG. 6 shows the fiber strand 23 pulled apart in its longitudinal direction G by tensioning, so that the mutual wrapping of wrapping thread 26 and strand-like fiber material 24 can be seen, the wrapping thread 26 apparently being wrapped around by the fiber material 24.
  • the fiber strand 23 therefore shows in its longitudinal direction G an overturning which apparently results from the tension of the wrapping thread 26 during manufacture and has a resulting elasticity.
  • the wrapping thread 26 can have a fineness of 100-8000 dtex and can be wound in the manufacture of the fiber strand 23 with a tension around the strand-like fiber material 23, which is preferably below the tensile strength of the wrapping thread 26. With a fineness of z. B. 4000 dtex of the winding thread 26, the tension is preferably less than 20 kg.
  • the fibers of the respective strand-like fiber material in FIGS. 1-4 between the corresponding holding fibers are omitted for a better overview.
  • the fiber material of the core is only shown schematically in FIGS. 2-4, which is actually denser in the core and can fill it up completely.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Claims (23)

1. Corde de fibres comprenant des fils ou des fibres réciproquement serrés, caractérisée en cequ'elle a au minimum une épaisseur de 4 mm au moins dans un sens transversal et en ce que la matière fibreuse contenue dans la corde de fibres est activement piquée transversalement au sens longitudinal de la corde de fibres.
2. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse pour la corde de fibres se présente à l'état rassemblé sous une forme tordue, par example, retordue ou torsadée, ou enroulée, pelotonnée ou stratifiée.
3. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse est disposée en spirale ou hélicoidalement.
4. Corde de fibres selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce qu'une couche de matière fibreuse pelotonnée ou enroulée et se recouvrant, est présente.
5. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse activement piquée se présente sous la forme d'une bande ou d'une lame, par exemple, avec une section droite circulaire ou en substance circulaire ou ellipsoidale ou en substance rectangulaire.
6. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse est tordue faiblement en soi.
7. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse activement piquée est entourée invisiblement d'un fil d'enroulement et possède des resserrements ou strictions formés par celui-ci.
8. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse activement piquée se compose d'un paquet de multifilaments qui sont torsadés en sens contraire alternativement les uns avec les autres, par exemple, entrelacés ou retordus.
9. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse activement piquée est presente autour d'un noyau.
10. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le noyau se compose de fibres ou de fils tordus ou non.
11. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse activement piquée peut être désenroulée du noyau sous une forme cohérente.
12. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière fibreuse est piquée avec le noyau.
13. Corde de fibres selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente une structure, par exemple, une structure basse et haute ou une structure du type en tissu éponge à boucles, chenille, velours ou fil rêche et/ou motif.
14. Corde de fibres selon l'jne quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que l'epaisseur s'élève jusqu' à 50 mm au moins dans l'un des sens tranversaux.
15. Corde de fibres selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce qu'elle a une finesse de 15 à 50 ktex.
16. Procédé de fabrication de la corde de fibres selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, dans laquelle les fibres ou les fils sont serrés, caractérisé en ce que la matière fibreuse contenue dans la corde de fibres est activement piquée transversalement au sens longitudinal de la corde de fibres.
17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la matière fibreuse en forme de corde est tordue avant ou après le piquage actif, par exemple, retordue ou torsadée, enroulée ou pelotonnée.
18. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce qu'avant ou après le piquage, on dispose un fil d'enroulement, par exemple, helicoi- dalement, autour de la matière fibreuse en forme de corde.
19. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce qu'après le piquage, on dispose un fil d'enroulement à l'état tendu autour de la matière fibreuse en forme de corde, de façon que la matière fibreuse s'étrangle, se contracte dans son sens longitudinal et soit entournée du fil d'enroulement.
20. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 16 à 18, caractérisé en ce que la matière fibreuse en forme de corde est disposée autour d'un noyau avant ou après le piquage.
21. Procédé selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que la matière fibreuse est piquée activement avec le noyau.
22. Procédé selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que des multifilaments sont enroulés en sens contraire alternativement les uns avec les autres, par exemple, tordus ou retordus, et sont activement piqués.
23. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 16 à 22, caractérisé en ce que la matière fibreuse se est piquée selon une densité de 20 à 200 piqûres par mètre carré.
EP81108906A 1980-12-10 1981-10-26 Echeveau de fibres et procédé pour sa fabrication Expired EP0053702B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81108906T ATE12796T1 (de) 1980-12-10 1981-10-26 Faserstrang und verfahren zu dessen herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH9087/80 1980-12-10
CH908780 1980-12-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053702A1 EP0053702A1 (fr) 1982-06-16
EP0053702B1 true EP0053702B1 (fr) 1985-04-17

Family

ID=4348175

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81108906A Expired EP0053702B1 (fr) 1980-12-10 1981-10-26 Echeveau de fibres et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0053702B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57121681A (fr)
AT (1) ATE12796T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7820981A (fr)
DE (1) DE3170021D1 (fr)
NZ (2) NZ199216A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA818542B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0441198Y2 (fr) * 1986-11-20 1992-09-28

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT280856B (de) * 1965-09-11 1970-04-27 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Aus einem Stapelfaserbändchen bestehendes Garn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE12796T1 (de) 1985-05-15
EP0053702A1 (fr) 1982-06-16
NZ199216A (en) 1985-09-13
AU7820981A (en) 1982-06-17
JPS57121681A (en) 1982-07-29
DE3170021D1 (en) 1985-05-23
ZA818542B (en) 1982-11-24
NZ199217A (en) 1985-09-13

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