CN1711322A - 具有不对称层结构的光学可变颜料 - Google Patents
具有不对称层结构的光学可变颜料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1711322A CN1711322A CNA2003801034382A CN200380103438A CN1711322A CN 1711322 A CN1711322 A CN 1711322A CN A2003801034382 A CNA2003801034382 A CN A2003801034382A CN 200380103438 A CN200380103438 A CN 200380103438A CN 1711322 A CN1711322 A CN 1711322A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/54—Particles characterised by their aspect ratio, i.e. the ratio of sizes in the longest to the shortest dimension
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/62—L* (lightness axis)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/65—Chroma (C*)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/66—Hue (H*)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
- C09C2200/1054—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core consisting of a metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
- C09C2200/301—Thickness of the core
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- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
- C09C2200/303—Thickness of a layer with low refractive material
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Abstract
本发明涉及颜料，所述颜料的颗粒长度为2μm－5mm，宽度为2μm－2mm，厚度为50nm－1.5μm，并且长度与厚度的比率至少为2∶1，所述颗粒具有金属反射材料中心，所述中心具有两个基本平行的平面，两个平行面之间的距离为所述中心的最短的轴，所述颜料包含：(a)任选的在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤2.0，(b)在SiOy上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，和(c)在SiOx层上的SiOz层，其中0.95＜z≤2.0，本发明还涉及所述颜料的制备方法及其在油漆、纺织品、喷墨印刷、化妆品、涂料组合物、塑料、印刷油墨以及陶瓷和玻璃的釉料中的用途。不含SiOy层的所述颜料产生明亮的颜色。涂有SiOy层的所述颜料为不透明的颜料，并表现出金属般的明亮颜色。
Description
本发明涉及包含以下各层的颜料：(a)任选的在中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤2.0，(b)在SiOy层上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，和(c)在SiOx层上的SiOz层，其中0.95＜z≤2.0，本发明涉及制备它们的方法及其在油漆、纺织品、喷墨印刷、化妆品、涂料组合物、塑料、印刷油墨以及陶瓷和玻璃的釉料中的用途。
EP-A-803549涉及有色光泽颜料，所述颜料具有(a1)由基本透明的或金属反光材料组成的中心，和(a2)至少一层主要由一种或多种硅的氧化物组成的涂层，其中氧与硅的平均摩尔比率为0.25-0.90。
令人惊奇的是，已发现如果仅在金属中心的一个平行平面上存在SiOx层，则可得到具有强烈金属效果的浅色颜料，其中SiOx层直接位于金属中心上，或者通过SiOy层与金属中心分隔。
因此本发明涉及颜料，所述颜料的颗粒长度为2μm-5mm，宽度为2μm-2mm，厚度为50nm-1.5μm，并且长度与厚度的比率至少为2∶1，所述颗粒具有金属反射材料中心，所述中心具有两个基本平行的平面，两个平行面之间的距离为该中心的最短的轴，所述颜料包含：
(a)任选的在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤2.0，特别是0.95＜y≤1.80，
(b)在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOx层，或者如果存在SiOy层，则为在SiOy层上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，特别是0.05≤x≤0.5，非常特别是0.10≤x≤0.30，和
(c)在SiOx层上的SiOz层，其中0.95＜z≤2.0，特别是1.0≤z≤2.0，非常特别是1.4≤z≤2.0，本发明还涉及所述颜料的制备方法及其在油漆、纺织品(例如参见PCT/EP03/11188)、喷墨印刷(例如参见PCT/EP03/11189)、化妆品(例如参见PCT/EP03/02196)、涂料组合物、塑料、印刷油墨以及陶瓷和玻璃的釉料中的用途。
一个优选的实施方案中，本发明涉及颜料，所述颜料的颗粒长度为2μm-5mm，宽度为2μm-2mm，厚度为50nm-1.5μm，并且长度与厚度的比率至少为2∶1，本发明还涉及具有金属反射材料中心的颗粒，所述颗粒具有两个基本平行的平面，两个平行面之间的距离为该中心的最短的轴，所述颜料包含：
(a)任选的在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤1.80，特别是1.0≤y≤1.80，非常特别是1.40≤y≤1.80，
(b)在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOx层，如果存在SiOy层，则为在SiOy层上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，特别是0.05≤x≤0.5，非常特别是0.10≤x≤0.30，和
(c)在SiOx层上的SiOz层，其中1.0＜z≤2.0，特别是1.4≤z≤2.0，非常特别是z＝2.0。
优选所述颜料颗粒的长度和宽度为5-20μm，厚度为60nm-1.0μm。
本发明的颜料薄片形状不均匀。然而，为了简化起见，认为该薄片具有“直径”。目前优选该薄片的优选直径范围为大约1-60μm，更优选大约2-50μm，更优选大约5-40μm。因此，纵横比(直径与厚度的比率)为2∶1-1200∶1，特别是7∶1-258∶1。
“SiOy或SiOz，其中0.95＜y或z≤2.0”是指氧与硅的平均摩尔比率大于0.95或小于等于2.0。
“SiOx，其中0.03≤y≤0.95”是指氧与硅的平均摩尔比率为0.03-0.95。
根据本发明，术语“铝”包含铝和铝合金。铝合金例如G.Wassermann描述于Ullmanns Enzyklopdie der Industriellen Chemie，4.Auflage，Verlag Chemie，Weinheim，Band 7，S.281-292页中的那些。特别适合的为WO00/12634中第10-12页中描述的耐腐蚀的铝合金，所述铝合金除了铝外，还包含小于20％重量，优选小于10％重量的硅、镁、锰、铜、锌、镍、钒、铅、锑、锡、镉、铋、钛、铬和/或铁。
优选金属反射材料为Ag、Al、Au、Cu、Cr、Ge、Mo、Ni、Ti、Zn以及这些金属的合金、石墨、Fe2O3或MoS2。特别优选Al。
金属中心的厚度取决于所用的金属材料，例如在使用铝的情况下，金属中心的厚度为20-100nm，优选40-60nm。
通常SiOy层(a)的厚度为20-500nm，优选100-500nm。
通常SiOx层(b)的厚度为5-200nm，优选5-100nm。
通常SiOz层(c)的厚度为1-100nm，优选5-100nm，特别是10-50nm。
下面将以铝作为金属为例来详细说明本发明颜料的制备方法。
原则上，涂有SiOx和/或SiOy的铝薄片可通过包含以下步骤的方法制得(EP-B-990715)：
a)在载体上蒸气淀积分离剂以制备分离剂层，
b)在分离剂层上蒸气淀积铝层，
c)任选在铝层上蒸气淀积SiOy层，
d)在铝层上蒸气淀积SiOx层，或者如果存在SiOy层，则在SiOy层上蒸气淀积SiOx层，其中0.95≤y≤1.80，特别是1.0≤y≤1.80，非常特别是1.1≤y≤1.50，
e)任选在SiOx层上蒸气淀积SiOy层，
f)将分离剂层溶解在溶剂中，
g)从溶剂中分离涂有SiOx的铝薄片。
优选SiOy层从包含Si和SiO2的混合物、SiOy及其混合物的物料的气化器中蒸气淀积。
在氧存在下，通过气化硅制备SiOx层，可通过调节氧的分压精确控制硅与氧的比率达到特定的蒸气淀积速率(例如参见EP-A-803549)。
上文所述的方法使可用的涂有SiOx或SiOy/SiOx的铝薄片具有高度的平面平行性，并且厚度为平均厚度±10％，优选±5％。
优选通过在高真空，在如DE-4342574C1和US-B-6,202,591中所述的气化器中将化学计量的细微的硅和石英(SiO2)粉的混合物加热至高于1300℃得到SiOy层。反应产物为一氧化硅气体，在真空下该气体被直接引导至移动载体(Passing carrier)上而冷凝为SiO。也可使用非化学计量的混合物。该气化器中的物料包含Si和SiO2的混合物、SiOy及其混合物，这些相互反应的物质(Si和SiO2)的粒径最好小于0.3mm。Si与SiO2的重量比最好为0.15∶1-0.75∶1(以重量份计)，优选使用化学计量的混合物。直接将在气化器中的SiOy汽化。在高于1300℃下Si与SiO2反应生成一氧化硅蒸气。
在步骤a)中蒸气淀积于载体上的分离剂可为天然漆(表面涂料)、聚合物(例如(热塑性聚合物)，特别是US-B-6,398,999中所述的丙烯酸或苯乙烯聚合物或其混合物)、可溶于有机溶剂或水并且在真空下可蒸发的有机物(例如蒽、蒽醌、乙酰氨基苯酚、乙酰水杨酸、樟脑酸酐、苯并咪唑、1，2，4-苯三甲酸、2，2-联苯二甲酸、双(4-羟苯基)砜、二羟基蒽醌、己内酰脲、3-羟基苯甲酸、8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸一水合物、4-羟基香豆素、7-羟基香豆素、3-羟基-2-萘甲酸、间苯二甲酸、4，4-亚甲基-双-3-羟基-2-萘甲酸、1，8-萘二甲酸酐、邻苯二甲酰亚胺及其钾盐、酚酞、吩噻嗪、糖精及其盐、四苯基甲烷、苯并[9，10]菲、三苯基甲醇或至少两种这些物质的混合物)。优选分离剂为可溶于水并且在真空下可蒸发的无机盐(例如参见DE19844357)，例如氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化锂、氟化钠、氟化钾、氟化锂、氟化钙、氟化铝钠和四硼酸二钠。
步骤f)通常在高于步骤a)-e)的压力并小于大气压的压力下进行。
优选(可移动)的载体包含一条或多条带有或不带聚合物涂层的连续的金属带、一条或多条聚酰亚胺或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯带。可移动的载体还可包含一个或多个绕轴旋转的盘、圆筒或其他旋转对称体。
优选通过洗涤并随后过滤、沉淀、离心、倾析或蒸发将涂有SiOx的铝薄片从分离剂的溶剂中分离。此外，还可在洗涤溶剂中溶解的分离剂之后，将涂有SiOx的铝薄片与溶剂一起冷冻，随后冷冻干燥，在低于三相点下将溶剂升华分离，残留的干的薄片为独立的平面平行结构。
冷凝的硅的低价氧化物对应于式SiOy(其中0.95＜y≤1.8，优选其中大约1≤y≤1.5)，通过在气化器物料中加入过量的硅得到小于1的y值。通过在氧存在下气化SiO得到y＞1.0的SiOy。除了在特别高的真空下，在几个10-2帕的工业用真空下，气化的SiO通常冷凝为SiOy(其中1≤y≤1.8，特别是其中1.1≤y≤1.8)，因为高真空设备由于从其表面排放气体而通常包含痕量的水蒸汽，在气化温度下水蒸汽与易反应的SiO反应。
在纯氧气氛中由于所谓的SiO的“反应气化”，可得到例如在可见光范围内不发生吸收并且在550nm处的折光指数为1.55的SiO1.5(E.Ritter，J.Vac.Sci Technol.3(1966)225)。
如果在蒸气淀积过程中用紫外光辐射正在生成的SiOy层，可得到基本无吸收的层(DE-A-1 621 214)。
具体地讲，依次将盐(例如NaCl)和铝层、任选的SiOy和SiOx蒸气淀积在载体上，该载体可为经过真空度小于0.5Pa的气化器的连续的金属带。蒸气淀积的盐的厚度大约为20-100nm，优选30-60nm，蒸气淀积的铝的厚度为20-100nm，蒸气淀积的SiOy的厚度为20-500nm，蒸气淀积的SiOx的厚度为5-200nm。下一步，使闭合成环的带状载体通过已知结构方式的动态真空锁室(参见US6,270,840)进入压力为1-5×104Pa，优选600至109Pa，特别是103至5×103Pa的区域，在该区域中带状载体浸入溶解浴中。应当选择溶剂的温度以使其蒸气压在指定的压力范围内。在机械的辅助下，分离剂层快速溶解，产品层破碎成薄片，该薄片随后在溶剂中形成悬浮液。下一步，干燥该带，没有任何污染物粘附于其上。使该带通过的第二组动态真空锁室，回到气化室，在此重复涂覆分离剂和产物层的过程。
采用已知的技术，然后将两步得到的含有产物结构和溶有分离剂的溶剂的悬浮液进一步分离。为此，首先将所述产物结构在液体中浓缩，并用新鲜的溶剂冲洗多次以洗去溶解的分离剂。然后通过过滤、沉淀、离心、倾析或蒸发来分离仍为湿固体形式的产物并干燥。
在大气压下洗涤之后，可通过下面的方法来分离平面平行结构：在温和的条件下冷冻已经将固含量浓缩至大约50％的悬浮液，然后在大约-10℃和50Pa下用已知的方法冷冻干燥该悬浮液。残留的干物质为产物，可将该产物通过涂覆或化学转化进行下一加工步骤。
除了使用连续带，也可根据DE-A-19952032所述在带有旋转体的装置中进行分离剂、SiOx、铝和SiOy的蒸气沉积、溶解以及干燥载体这些步骤来制备产物。所述旋转体可为一个或多个盘、圆筒或其他旋转对称体。
如果在10-2帕的工业用真空下，则是Si而不是SiOy被气化，得到具有低于等摩尔氧含量的硅的氧化物，即SiOx，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，特别是0.05≤x≤0.5，非常特别是0.10≤x≤0.3，SiOx具有令人惊讶的高氧化稳定性，并即使在薄层中也具有高折光指数。
在150-500℃(优选175-300℃)、氧气存在下加热，出人意料地得到非常薄的(例如大约20nm厚)的表面的二氧化硅层，这是制备具有顺序为Al/SiOx/SiO2的层结构的非常简便的方法。如果需要较厚的二氧化硅层，可如上所述简便地通过SiOy的蒸气淀积并对其进行氧化热处理，或者用SiO2湿化学涂覆该薄片而制得。
为了进行氧化热处理，可在高于200℃、优选高于400℃下，将空气或某些其他含氧气体通过例如为疏松物料形式的或者在流化床中的所述片以氧化SiOy。
因此，可如上所述通过蒸气淀积SiOy以及任选的氧化热处理来制备SiOz层。
为了用SiO2湿化学涂覆所述薄片，例如可使用下面的方法：将计量的苏打水玻璃(soda water glass)溶液加入已加热至大约50-100℃，优选70-80℃的待涂覆材料的悬浮液中，通过同时加入10％的盐酸保持pH为4-10，优选6.5-8.5，加完水玻璃溶液后，再搅拌30分钟(例如参见WO98/53011)。
本发明的第一个优选的实施方案涉及颜料，所述颜料的颗粒的长度为2μm-5mm，宽度为2μm-2mm，厚度为50nm-1.5μm，长度与厚度的比率至少为2∶1，所述颗粒具有铝中心，所述铝中心具有两个基本平行的平面，两个平行面之间的距离为该中心的最短的轴，所述颜料包含：
(b)在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，和
(c)在SiOx层上的SiO2层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，特别是0.05≤x≤0.5，非常特别是0.10≤x≤0.30。
在该实施方案中，铝中心的厚度为20-100nm，优选为40-60nm，SiOx层(b)的厚度为5-200nm，优选为5-100nm，SiO2层(c)的厚度为5-100nm，优选为10-50nm。
本发明的第二个优选的实施方案涉及颜料，所述颜料的颗粒的长度为2μm-5mm，宽度为2μm-2mm，厚度为50nm-1.5μm，长度与厚度的比率至少为2∶1，所述颗粒具有铝中心，所述铝中心具有两个基本平行的平面，两个平行面之间的距离为该中心的最短的轴，所述颜料包含：
(a)在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤1.8，
(b)在SiOy层上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，和
(c)在SiOx层上的SiOz层，其中1.0≤z≤2.0，特别是1.4≤z≤2.0，非常特别是z＝2.0。
如上所述，SiOz层可转化为SiO2层，结果得到颗粒长度为2μm-5mm，宽度为2μm-2mm，厚度为50nm-1.5μm，长度与厚度的比率至少为2∶1的颜料颗粒，所述颗粒具有铝中心，所述铝中心具有两个基本平行的平面，两个平面之间的距离为该中心的最短的轴，所述颜料包含：
(a)在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤1.8，
(b)在SiOy层上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，和
(c)在SiOx层上的SiO2层。
在该实施方案中，铝中心的厚度为20-100nm，优选为40-60nm，SiOy层(a)的厚度为20-500nm，优选为100-500nm，SiOx层(b)的厚度为5-200nm，优选5-100nm，SiO2层(c)的厚度为5-100nm，优选为10-50nm。
为了提高所述颜料的物理和/或化学性能，还可沉积其他层。
根据R.Besold，Aluminiumpigmente für wssrige Beschichtungen-Widerspruch oder Wirklichkeit？，Farbe+Lack 97(1991)311-314页，可知有许多方法可用来稳定铝颜料，这些方法可分为两类：
-在颜料表面吸附防蚀剂：
-磷酸酯：DE-A-3020073、EP-A-170474、EP-A-133644、US-A-4,565,716、US-A-4,808,231，
-磷酸盐和亚磷酸盐：US-A-4,565,716、US-A-4,808,231、EP-A-240367，
-钒酸盐：EP-A-305560、EP-A-104075，
-铬酸盐：US-A-2,904,523、US-A-4,693,754、EP-A-259592，
-二聚酸：DE-A-3002175，和
-用连续的无机保护层包裹所述颜料：
-SiO2：US-A-2,885,366、US-A-3,954,496，
-Fe2O3：DE-A-3003352，
-TiO2：DE-A-3813335，
或以下文献描述的无机保护层：
-DE-A-3630356、DE-A-3147177、EP-A-477433，特别是用磷酸改性的树脂：EP-A-170474、CA-A-1,273,733、AT-A-372696、DE-A-3807588、EP-A-319971。
例如还可将成品颜料后涂覆或后处理，以进一步提高耐光性、耐候性和耐化学品性或者便于对颜料的操作，特别是加到各种介质中。例如DE-A-2215191、DE-A-3151354、DE-A-3235017或DE-A-3334598中描述的方法适用于后处理和/或后涂覆。
为了增强颜色效果，也可优选通过湿化学方法将其他金属氧化物层(特别是TiO2或ZrO2层)涂覆于所述颜料上。为此，将所述颜料悬浮于水中，并在适合沉积该金属氧化物或金属氢氧化物的pH值下通过加入一种或多种金属盐溶液，在该颜料上涂覆光滑的金属氧化物或金属氢氧化物层。也可沉积混合的氧化物或氢氧化物层。湿化学涂布法为人们熟知，并且可参见例如以下文献：DE-A-1 467 468、DE-A-19 59 988、DE-A-20 09 566、DE-A-22 14 545、DE-A-22 15 191、DE-A-22 44 298、DE-A-23 13 331、DE-A-25 22 572、DE-A-31 37 808、DE-A-31 37 809、DE-A-31 51 343、DE-A-31 51 354、DE-A-31 51 355、DE-A-32 11 602和DE-A-32 35 017、DE 195 99 88、WO 93/08237以及WO 98/53001。
本发明的颜料的独特之处在于非常均匀的厚度，因此色纯度和色强度非常高。
金属的或非金属的、无机片状颗粒或颜料为效果颜料(特别是金属效果颜料或干涉颜料)，也就是说该颜料除了赋予涂覆介质颜色之外，还赋予其他特性，例如随角度不同颜色的变化(随角异色)、闪光(而不是表面光泽)或纹理。对于金属效果颜料，在定向取向的颜料颗粒上发生基本直接的反射。对于干涉颜料，色彩效果由薄的高折射层中的光干涉现象产生。
本发明的(效果)颜料可用于所有常规的用途，例如着色聚合物料、涂料(包括效果罩面漆、用于汽车的效果罩面漆)和印刷油墨(包括胶版印刷、凹版印刷、烫金或柔性版印刷)的印刷油墨，并可例如用于化妆品、喷墨印刷、纺织品染色、陶瓷和玻璃用釉料以及激光标记纸和塑料。这类用途可参见参考文献例如“Industrielle OrganischePigmente”(W.Herbst和K.Hunger，VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbHWeinheim/New York，第2次完全修订版，1995)。
本发明的颜料为干涉颜料(效果颜料)时，该颜料为角等色颜料，并且产生明亮的、高饱和(有光泽的)颜色。因此本发明的颜料特别适合与常规的透明颜料，例如有机颜料(比如二酮基吡咯并吡咯、喹吖啶酮、二噁嗪、苝、异吲哚啉酮等)结合使用。所述透明颜料可具有和所述效果颜料相似的颜色。但是，类似于例如EP-A-388932或EP-A-402943，当透明颜料的颜色与效果颜料的颜色互补时，得到特别令人感兴趣的组合效果。
可用本发明的颜料效果出色地给高分子量有机材料着色。
可用本发明的颜料或颜料组合物着色的高分子量有机材料可为天然或合成来源的高分子量有机材料。通常高分子量有机材料的分子量为大约103-108g/mol或更高。高分子量有机材料可为例如天然树脂、干性油、橡胶、酪蛋白或天然物质的衍生物(例如氯化橡胶、油改性醇酸树脂、纤维胶、纤维素醚或纤维素酯(例如乙基纤维素、乙酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素、乙酰丁酸纤维素或硝酸纤维素))，但是特别是通过聚合反应、缩聚反应或加成聚合反应得到的全合成有机聚合物(热固性塑料和热塑性塑料)。从聚合树脂的种类上，特别可提及的有聚烯烃(如聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚异丁烯)、取代的聚烯烃(如氯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、苯乙烯、丙烯腈、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯或丁二烯的聚合产物)以及所述单体的共聚产物，特别是ABS或EVA。
在多种加聚树脂和缩聚树脂中，可提及的是例如甲醛与苯酚的缩合产物(被称作“酚醛塑料”)以及甲醛与脲、硫脲或三聚氰胺的缩合产物(被称作“氨基塑料”)以及用作涂料树脂的饱和聚酯(例如醇酸树脂)或不饱和聚酯(例如马来酸酯树脂)，还有直链聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯或聚硅氧烷。
所述高分子化合物可单独存在或以塑性物料或熔融物形式的混合物存在。还可以溶解的单体或聚合状态的形式作为涂料或印刷油墨的成膜剂或粘合剂，例如亚麻仁油、硝基纤维素、醇酸树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、脲-甲醛树脂或丙烯酸树脂。
根据目的用途，已证明最好将本发明的效果颜料或效果颜料组合物作为调色剂或者以制剂形式使用。根据调理方法或目的用途，最好在调理工艺之前或之后，往效果颜料中加入一定量的立体花纹改进剂，条件是这样不会对效果颜料在高分子量有机材料(特别是聚乙烯)中的使用产生负面影响。适合的立体花纹改进剂特别为包含至少18个碳原子的脂肪酸(例如硬脂酸或山萮酸)或其酰胺或其金属盐(特别是镁盐)以及增塑剂、蜡、树脂酸(例如松香酸)、松香皂、烷基苯酚或脂肪醇(例如硬脂醇)或包含8-22个碳原子的脂族1，2-二羟基化合物(例如1，2-十二烷二醇)以及改性的松香马来酸酯树脂或富马酸松香树脂。优选立体花纹改进剂的加入量为最终产物重量的0.1-30％，特别是2-15％。
可以任意染色有效量将本发明的(效果)颜料加入待染色的高分子量有机材料中。最好已着色的物质组合物包含高分子量有机材料和占高分子量有机材料的重量的0.01-80％，优选0.1-30％的本发明的效果颜料。实践上通常使用的浓度为1-20％重量，特别是大约10％重量。
高浓度(例如大于30％重量)的着色的组合物通常为浓缩物(“母料”)形式，该浓缩物可用作制备较低颜料含量的着色材料的着色剂，本发明的颜料在常规制剂中具有非常低的粘度，因而该常规制剂仍具有良好的加工性。
可单独加入本发明的效果颜料将有机材料着色。但是为了得到不同的色调或色彩效果，也可除了本发明的效果颜料外，将任意需要量的其他色彩赋予组分(例如白色、有色、黑色或效果颜料)加入到高分子有机物质中。当有色颜料与本发明的效果颜料混合使用时，优选总量为高分子量有机材料重量的0.1-10％。本发明的效果颜料与另一种颜色(特别是互补色)的有色颜料的优选的组合提供了特别高的角等色性，在测量角度为10°下，使用所述效果颜料和使用所述有色颜料得到的色彩的色差(ΔH*)为20-340，特别是150-210。
优选本发明的(效果)颜料与透明有色颜料一起使用，该透明有色颜料可存在于与本发明的效果颜料相同的介质中，也可存在于相邻的介质中。所述效果颜料与所述有色颜料有利地存在于相邻的介质中的分配方式的一个实例为多层效果罩面漆。
用本发明的颜料将高分子量有机材料物质着色的方法如下：使用辊式轧墨机或混合装置或研磨装置将这种颜料(可以适当的母料形式)与所述基质混合；然后使用已知的方法(例如压延、压模、挤出、涂覆、倾倒或注塑)，将着色的材料制备成最终需要的形式。可在掺入所述颜料之前或者之后，以常规的量往聚合物中加入塑料工业中的任何常规添加剂(例如增塑剂、填料或稳定剂)。特别是为了制备非刚性的成型物品或者为了降低成型物品的脆性，需要在成型之前往高分子化合物中加入增塑剂(例如磷酸、邻苯二甲酸或癸二酸的酯)。
为了将涂料和印刷油墨着色，将高分子量有机材料和本发明的(效果)颜料以及在适当的情况下与常规添加剂(例如填料、其他颜料、干燥剂或增塑剂)一起细微分散或溶解于相同的有机溶剂或溶剂混合物中，也可将各个组分分别溶解或分散，或者将多种组分一同溶解或分散，然后将所有的组分混合在一起。
本发明的效果颜料在待染色的高分子量有机材料中的分散，以及本发明的颜料组合物的加工优选在保持仅产生较低剪切力的条件下进行，以便不会将该效果颜料打碎成更小的片。
本发明的颜料在塑料中的用量为0.1-50％重量，特别是0.5-7％重量。本发明的颜料在涂料中的用量为0.1-10％重量。在粘合剂体系的染色中，例如油漆和用于凹版印刷、胶版印刷或丝网印刷的印刷油墨，颜料在印刷油墨中的掺入量为0.1-50％重量，优选5-30％重量，特别是8-15％重量。
在例如塑料、涂料或印刷油墨中，特别是涂料或印刷油墨中、更特别是涂料中得到的色彩的独特之处在于非常良好的特性，特别是非常高的饱和度、突出的牢固性、高的色纯度和/或高的角等色性。
当被染色的高分子材料为涂料时，该涂料优选为特殊涂料，最优选为汽车罩面漆。
本发明的(效果)颜料还适用于嘴唇或皮肤化妆，或者用于染发或染指甲。
因此本发明还涉及化妆品制剂，所述化妆品制剂包含占其总重量的0.0001-90％的本发明的颜料(特别是效果颜料)以及10-99.9999％的化妆品适用的载体物质。
这种化妆品制剂例如为唇膏、胭脂、粉底、指甲油和洗发香波。
可单独或以混合物形式使用本发明的颜料，还可将其与如上所述或化妆品制剂中熟知的其他颜料和/或着色剂结合使用。
优选本发明的化妆品制剂包含占其总重量的0.005-50％的本发明的颜料。
用于本发明的化妆品制剂的适合载体物质包括用于这类组合物的常规材料。
本发明的化妆品制剂可为以下形式：例如棒、软膏、乳膏、乳剂、悬浮液、分散液、粉末或溶液。例如该化妆品制剂为唇膏、睫毛油制剂、胭脂、眼影、粉底、眼线膏、粉或指甲油。
如果制剂为棒状(例如唇膏、眼影、胭脂或粉底)，则该制剂包含相当多的脂肪成分，该组分可由一种或多种蜡组成，例如地蜡；羊毛脂；羊毛脂醇；氢化羊毛脂；乙酰化羊毛脂；羊毛脂蜡；蜂蜡；小烛树蜡；微晶蜡；巴西棕榈蜡；鲸蜡醇；硬脂醇；可可脂；羊毛脂脂肪酸；凡士林；矿脂；单、双或三甘油酯或其在25℃下为固体的脂肪酸酯；硅酮蜡(例如甲基十八烷羟基聚硅氧烷和聚(二甲基硅氧基)硬脂氧基硅烷)；硬脂酸单乙醇胺；松香及其衍生物(例如乙二醇的松香酯和甘油的松香酯)；在25℃下固化的氢化油；蔗糖的甘油酯以及油酸、豆蔻酸、羊毛脂酸、硬脂酸、二羟基硬脂酸的钙盐、镁盐、锆盐和铝盐。
所述脂肪成分还可由至少一种蜡和至少一种油组成，在这种情况下，适合的油例如有：石蜡油、purcelline oil、全氢化角鲨烯、甜杏仁油、鳄梨油、海棠果油、蓖麻油、芝麻油、霍霍巴油、沸点为大约310-140℃的矿物油、硅油(例如二甲基聚硅氧烷)、linoleylalcohol、linolenyl alcohol、油醇、谷物杂醇油(例如小麦胚芽油)、羊毛脂酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、豆蔻酸异丙酯、豆蔻酸丁酯、豆蔻酸十六烷酯、硬脂酸十六烷酯、硬脂酸丁酯、油酸癸酯、乙酰甘油酯、醇和多元醇(例如乙二醇和甘油)的辛酸酯和癸酸酯、醇和多元醇(例如鲸蜡醇、异硬脂醇)的蓖麻油酸酯、羊毛醇酸异鲸蜡酯、己二酸异丙酯、月桂酸己酯和辛基十二烷醇。
在这类棒状制剂中脂肪成分的含量通常最高可达该制剂总重量的99.91％。
本发明的化妆品制剂还可包含其他组分，例如有二元醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、单链烷醇酰胺、无色的填料(聚合的、无机的或有机的)、防腐剂、紫外线滤除剂或化妆品中常规使用的其他助剂和添加剂(例如有天然的或合成的或部分合成的二甘油酯或三甘油酯、矿物油、硅油、蜡、脂肪醇、格尔伯特(Guerbet)醇或其酯)、亲油的功能性化妆品活性成分(包括防日光过滤剂或这类物质的混合物))。
适用于皮肤化妆品的亲油的功能性化妆品活性成分、活性成分组合物或活性组分提取物为可用于皮肤或局部使用的一种组分或多种组分的混合物。可提及的例如有下列物质：
—对皮肤表面和毛发具有清洁作用的活性成分，这些活性成分包括所有可用于清洁皮肤的物质，例如油、皂、合成洗涤剂和固体物质；
—具有祛臭和抑汗作用的活性成分，这些活性成分包括基于铝盐或锌盐的防汗剂、包含杀菌或抑菌祛臭物质的祛臭剂(例如玉洁纯、六氯酚、醇或阳离子物质(如季铵盐))和气味吸收剂(例如Grillocin(蓖麻油酸锌与各种添加剂的组合)或柠檬酸三乙酯(任选与抗氧化剂如丁基羟基甲苯结合)或离子交换树脂)；
—防日晒的活性成分(紫外线滤除剂)，适合的活性成分为能从阳光中吸收紫外光辐射并将其转化为热的过滤物质(防晒剂)，根据需要的作用，优选以下防日光老化剂：选择性地吸收引起晒黑的、波长范围为大约280-315nm的高能量的紫外光辐射并透射较长波长范围(例如315-400nm，即UV-A范围)的防日光老化剂(UV-B吸收剂)和仅吸收315-400nm的UV-A范围的较长波长的紫外光辐射的防日光老化剂(UV-A吸收剂)，适合的防日光老化剂例如有以下类型的紫外线吸收剂：对氨基苯甲酸衍生物、水杨酸衍生物、二苯甲酮衍生物、二苯甲酰甲烷衍生物、二苯基丙烯酸酯(diphenyl acrylate)衍生物、苯并呋喃衍生物、包含一个或多个有机硅基团的聚合的紫外光吸收剂、肉桂酸衍生物、樟脑衍生物、三苯胺基-s-三嗪衍生物、苯基苯并咪唑磺酸及其盐、邻氨基苯甲酸酯、苯并***衍生物和/或选自涂有氧化铝或二氧化硅的二氧化钛、氧化锌或云母的无机微细颜料；
—防止昆虫的活性组分(驱虫剂)，该组分为防止昆虫接触皮肤并在皮肤上活动的试剂，它们将昆虫驱走，并且蒸发缓慢，最常用的驱虫剂为二乙基甲苯甲酰胺(避蚊胺)，其他常见的驱虫剂例如可参见“Pflegekosmetik”(W.Raab和U.Kindl，Gustav-Fischer-VerlagStuttgart/New York，1991)第161页；
—保护免受化学和物理影响的活性组分，这些活性组分包括在皮肤与外界有害物质之间形成屏障的所有物质，例如用来保护皮肤以防水溶液的石蜡油、硅油、植物油、PCL产物和羊毛脂，保护皮肤以防有机溶剂作用的成膜剂(例如海藻酸钠、海藻酸三乙醇胺、聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醇或纤维素醚)或保护皮肤以抵抗皮肤上强烈的机械应力的作为“润滑剂”的基于矿物油、植物油或硅油的物质；
—润湿剂，例如以下物质可用作湿度调节剂(润湿剂)：乳酸钠、尿素、醇、山梨醇、甘油、丙二醇、胶原蛋白、弹性蛋白和透明质酸；
—具有角质增生作用的活性成分：过氧化苯甲酰、视黄酸、胶体硫和间苯二酚；
—抗微生物剂，例如玉洁纯或季铵化合物；
—可用于皮肤的油性或油溶性维生素或维生素衍生物，例如维生素A(游离酸或其衍生物形式的视黄醇)、泛醇、泛酸、叶酸及其混合物、维生素E(生育酚)、维生素F、必需脂肪酸或烟酰胺(烟酸酰胺)；
—维生素基胎盘提取物，其活性成分组合物特别是包含维生素A、C、E、B1、B2、B6、B12、叶酸、维生素H、氨基酸和酶以及微量元素镁、硅、磷、钙、锰、铁或铜的化合物；
—皮肤修复复合物，得自双歧乳杆菌细菌的非活性培养和分解培养物；
—植物和植物提取物，例如山金车、芦荟、须地衣、常春藤、荨麻、人参、指甲花、洋甘菊、万寿菊、迷迭香、鼠尾草、问荆或百里香；
—动物提取物，例如蜂王浆、蜂胶、蛋白质或胸腺提取物；
—可用于皮肤的化妆品用油，例如有：Miglyol 812型中性油、杏仁油、鳄梨油、巴巴苏油、棉籽油、琉璃苣油、蓟油、花生油、γ-米谷酚、玫瑰籽油、***油、榛实油、黑醋栗籽油、霍霍巴油、樱桃核油、鲑鱼油、亚麻籽油、玉米油、夏威夷果油、杏仁油、月见草油、貂油、橄榄油、山核桃油、桃仁油、开心果油、菜油、rice-seedoil、蓖麻油、红花油、芝麻油、大豆油、葵花籽油、茶树油、葡萄籽油或小麦胚芽油。
优选所述棒状制剂为无水的，但是在某些情况下可包含通常不超过化妆品制剂总重量的40％的水。
如果本发明的化妆品制剂为半固体形式的产品，也就是说以软膏或乳膏形式，则同样也可无水或含水。这类制剂例如有睫毛油、眼线膏、粉底、胭脂、眼影或治疗眼袋(ring under the eyes)的组合物。
另一方面，如果这种油膏或乳膏含水，则特别是油包水或水包油类型的乳液，该乳液除了颜料外，还包含1-98.8％重量的脂肪相，1-98.8％重量的水相和0.2-30％重量的乳化剂。
这种软膏和乳膏还可包含其他常规的添加剂，例如有香料、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、胶凝剂、紫外线滤除剂、着色剂、颜料、珠光剂、无色聚合物以及无机或有机填料。
如果所述制剂为粉末形式，则该制剂主要由矿物、无机或有机填料(例如滑石粉、高岭土、淀粉、聚乙烯粉末或聚酰胺粉末)以及助剂(例如粘合剂、着色剂)等组成。
这种制剂还可包含各种常规用于化妆品中的助剂，例如香料、抗氧化剂、防腐剂等。
如果本发明的化妆品制剂为指甲油，则该制剂主要由硝酸纤维素和以溶剂体系中的溶液形式的天然的或合成的聚合物组成，该溶液可包含其他助剂(例如珠光剂)。
在本发明的实施方案中，所述有色聚合物的量为大约0.1-5％重量。
本发明的化妆品制剂还可用于染发，在这种情况下，可使用由常规用于化妆品工业的基础物质和本发明的颜料组成的香波、乳膏或凝胶形式的制剂。
可使用常规方法制备本发明的化妆品制剂，例如将各组分混合或搅拌在一起，任选加热以熔化该混合物。
实施例
实施例1
在一个基础结构类似于US 6270840中描述的真空装置中，从各个气化器中按顺序蒸气淀积以下各层：在大约900℃下蒸气淀积作为分离剂的氯化钠(90nm)、在大约1400-1500℃下蒸气淀积铝(90nm)、在1350-1550℃下蒸气淀积作为Si和SiO2的反应产物的SiOy(150nm，y＝1.0±5％)以及在大约1600℃下蒸气淀积Si(120nm，SiOx，其中x＝0.3±10％)。气化在大约0.02Pa下进行。为了随后通过溶解分离剂分离各层，以大约3000Pa的压力，在已经蒸气淀积的载体上喷射去离子水，并在机械辅助下用刮刀和超声波处理。氯化钠进入溶液中，不溶性的产物层破碎成薄片。在大气压下将悬浮液连续地从溶解室中移出，通过过滤浓缩，并用去离子水洗涤多次以除去存在的钠离子和氯离子。干燥和研磨后，得到的薄片的平均最大直径为20-40μm。
应用实施例1
制备以下组成的油墨：
| 硝酸纤维素A250 | 10.5％ |
| DowanolPM | 8.5％ |
| 乙酸乙酯 | 19％ |
| 乙醇 | 57％ |
| 实施例1的颜料薄片 | 5％ |
通过搅拌将得自实施例1的颜料薄片分散。以湿膜厚度36μm将该油墨涂覆于对照纸上。干燥后，该不透明的印刷品表现出明亮的金属般的浅绿色。使用D65标准光源，以10度的观察角在白色背景下测定反射颜色(CIE-L*、C*、h)(CIE(1964)，Datacolor D3890)，得到：
L*(亮度)＝83，C*(饱和度)＝7，h(色调)＝110
实施例2
将研磨前的由实施例1得到的薄片(该薄片的表面为厚度为大约1-2nm的天然SiO2层)在200-300℃、氧气氛中以疏松物料的形式煅烧数个小时，将SiO2层的厚度提高至大约20nm，以便提高耐候性和耐光性。
Claims (10)
1.一种颜料，所述颜料的颗粒长度为2μm-5mm，宽度为2μm-2mm，厚度为50nm-1.5μm，并且长度与厚度的比率至少为2∶1，所述颗粒具有金属反射材料中心，所述中心具有两个基本平行的平面，两个平行面之间的距离为所述中心的最短的轴，所述颜料包含：
(a)任选的在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤2.0，特别是0.95＜y≤1.80，
(b)在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOx层，或者如果存在SiOy层，则为在SiOy层上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，特别是0.05≤x≤0.5，非常特别是0.10≤x≤0.30，和
(c)在SiOx层上的SiOz层，其中0.95＜z≤2.0，特别是1.0≤z≤2.0。
2.权利要求1的颜料，所述颜料包含：
(a)任选的在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOy层，其中0.95＜y≤1.80，特别是1.0≤y≤1.80，非常特别是1.40≤y≤1.80，
(b)在所述中心的一个平行平面上的SiOx层，或者如果存在SiOy层，则为在SiOy层上的SiOx层，其中0.03≤x≤0.95，特别是0.05≤x≤0.5，非常特别是0.10≤x≤0.30，和
(c)在SiOx层上的SiOz层，其中1.0＜z≤2.0，特别是1.4≤z≤2.0，非常特别是z＝2.0。
3.权利要求1或权利要求2的颜料，其中所述金属反光材料选自Ag、Al、Au、Cu、Cr、Ge、Mo、Ni、Ti、Zn、这些金属的合金、石墨、Fe2O3和MoS2。
4.权利要求3的颜料，其中所述中心的厚度为20-100nm，优选40-60nm。
5.权利要求1-4中任一项的颜料，其中所述SiOx层(b)的厚度为5-200nm，优选5-100nm。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项的颜料，其中所述SiOy层(a)的厚度为20-500nm，优选100-500nm。
7.一种制备权利要求1的颜料的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
a)在载体上蒸气淀积分离剂以制备分离剂层，
b)在所述分离剂层上蒸气淀积铝层，
c)任选在所述铝层上蒸气淀积SiOy层，
d)在所述铝层上蒸气淀积SiOx层，或者如果存在所述SiOy层，则在SiOy层上蒸气淀积SiOx层，其中0.95≤y≤1.80，特别是1.0≤y≤1.80，非常特别是1.1≤y≤1.50，
e)任选在所述SiOx层上蒸气淀积SiOy层，
f)将所述分离剂层溶解在溶剂中，
g)从溶剂中分离涂有SiOx的铝薄片。
8.一种颜料，所述颜料通过权利要求7的方法得到。
9.一种组合物，所述组合物包含权利要求1-6中任一项或权利要求8的颜料。
10.权利要求1-6中任一项或权利要求8的颜料在油漆、纺织品、喷墨印刷、化妆品、涂料组合物、塑料、印刷油墨以及陶瓷和玻璃的釉料中的用途。
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| EP02406007.1 | 2002-11-21 | ||
| EP02406007 | 2002-11-21 |
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| CN1711322A true CN1711322A (zh) | 2005-12-21 |
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| US (1) | US7374609B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1563015B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP4620469B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20050085063A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1711322A (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE380224T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2003285363A1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2497643A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE60317926T2 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA05002725A (zh) |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110357429A (zh) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-22 | 信益陶瓷(中国)有限公司 | 一种金属质感瓷质砖及其制备方法 |
| CN114390977A (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-04-22 | 日声股份有限公司 | 激光诱导的转印法 |
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| RU2005115065A (ru) * | 2002-10-16 | 2006-02-10 | Циба Спешиалти Кемикэлз Холдинг Инк. (Ch) | Интерференционные пигменты на основе оксидов кремния |
| WO2004065492A1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-05 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Platelet-shaped pigments |
| DE10358313B4 (de) * | 2003-12-11 | 2015-10-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines grafischen Elements |
| DE102004022257B9 (de) * | 2004-05-06 | 2010-04-08 | Schott Ag | Thermisch hochbelastbarer Glaskeramik- oder Glaskörper dekoriert mit einer Farbe auf der Basis einer silikatischen Schmelze, die mit Effektpigmenten versehen ist |
| KR20070014199A (ko) * | 2004-05-12 | 2007-01-31 | 시바 스페셜티 케미칼스 홀딩 인크. | 항미생물성 산화규소 플레이크 |
| US20080072794A1 (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2008-03-27 | Holger Hoppe | Reactive Silicon Suboxide Flakes |
| KR20070051345A (ko) | 2004-08-23 | 2007-05-17 | 시바 스페셜티 케미칼스 홀딩 인크. | 알루미늄 및 ＳｉＯＺ(Ｚ=0.7-2.0)를 기본으로 하는플레이크형 안료의 제조방법 |
| EP1862511B1 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2016-01-20 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Metallic pigment, pigment dispersion liquid, metallic pigment ink composition, and ink jet recording method |
| JP5214103B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2013-06-19 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | メタリック顔料、インク組成物およびインクジェット記録方法 |
| JP5258159B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-10 | 2013-08-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | インク組成物及びインクジェット記録方法 |
| US8221955B2 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2012-07-17 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Methods of producing ink toners and ink compositions including ink toners |
| CN101511950A (zh) * | 2006-08-29 | 2009-08-19 | 3M创新有限公司 | 包含活性的表面改性的纳米颗粒的树脂体系 |
| FR2947435B1 (fr) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-08-26 | Oreal | Article cosmetique incluant une structure multicouche electrochromique. |
| JP5984678B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-04 | 2016-09-06 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ | 改善されたきらめき効果を有する顔料組成物 |
| GB201401721D0 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2014-03-19 | Univ Manchester | Ink formulation |
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| JPS608057B2 (ja) | 1979-05-28 | 1985-02-28 | 旭化成株式会社 | 水分散性金属粉組成物 |
| PL143722B1 (en) | 1984-01-17 | 1988-03-31 | Ici Plc | Milk weighing balance |
| DE4342574C1 (de) | 1993-12-14 | 1995-04-13 | Hilmar Weinert | Bandbedampfungsanlage |
| DE59704636D1 (de) * | 1996-04-25 | 2001-10-25 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Farbige Glanzpigmente |
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| US6776835B2 (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2004-08-17 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Multilayer pigments based on coated metal platelets |
| EP0984043A1 (en) | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-08 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Optically variable pigments providing a colour shift between two distinct colours, coating composition comprising the same, method for producing the same and substrate coated with the coating composition |
| DE19844357C2 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 2001-04-05 | Hilmar Weinert | Bandbedampfungsanlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung von planparallelen Plättchen |
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| DE19952032B4 (de) | 1999-10-01 | 2005-06-02 | Weinert, Jasmin, Dipl.-Kaufm. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung planparalleler Plättchen |
| DE10004888A1 (de) * | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-09 | Eckart Standard Bronzepulver | Glanzpigment und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US6572784B1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-06-03 | Flex Products, Inc. | Luminescent pigments and foils with color-shifting properties |
| MXPA03010581A (es) * | 2001-05-21 | 2004-12-06 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Metodo para la produccion de plaquetas de plano paralelo utilizando agentes de separacion organicos. |
| AU2003250247A1 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-31 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Plane-parallel structures of silicon/silicon oxide |
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- 2003-11-12 MX MXPA05002725A patent/MXPA05002725A/es unknown
- 2003-11-12 DE DE60317926T patent/DE60317926T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-11-12 CN CNA2003801034382A patent/CN1711322A/zh active Pending
- 2003-11-12 RU RU2005119628/15A patent/RU2005119628A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-11-12 KR KR1020057009096A patent/KR20050085063A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-11-12 EP EP03778351A patent/EP1563015B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-12 US US10/533,575 patent/US7374609B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-12 AU AU2003285363A patent/AU2003285363A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110357429A (zh) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-22 | 信益陶瓷(中国)有限公司 | 一种金属质感瓷质砖及其制备方法 |
| CN114390977A (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-04-22 | 日声股份有限公司 | 激光诱导的转印法 |
| CN114390977B (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-01-02 | 日声股份有限公司 | 激光诱导的转印法 |
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| CA2497643A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
| DE60317926D1 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
| EP1563015B1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
| KR20050085063A (ko) | 2005-08-29 |
| US7374609B2 (en) | 2008-05-20 |
| MXPA05002725A (es) | 2005-05-23 |
| WO2004046254A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
| US20060027139A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
| JP2006507383A (ja) | 2006-03-02 |
| AU2003285363A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
| RU2005119628A (ru) | 2006-02-27 |
| EP1563015A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
| ATE380224T1 (de) | 2007-12-15 |
| DE60317926T2 (de) | 2008-10-16 |
| JP4620469B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 |
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