CN1327027C - Preparation technology of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material - Google Patents
Preparation technology of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1327027C CN1327027C CNB2005100416770A CN200510041677A CN1327027C CN 1327027 C CN1327027 C CN 1327027C CN B2005100416770 A CNB2005100416770 A CN B2005100416770A CN 200510041677 A CN200510041677 A CN 200510041677A CN 1327027 C CN1327027 C CN 1327027C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a preparation technology of tungsten-copper or tungsten-silver composite materials. In the technology, copper wires or silver wires are wound around tungsten wires with the diameter of 10 to 500 microns, then the tungsten wires wound with the copper wires or the silver wires are bundled into rods to be put in a vacuum sintering furnace for melt infiltration, and tungsten-copper or tungsten-silver composite materials with copper or silver filled among the mutually parallel tungsten wires can be obtained; the interval among the tungsten wires depends on the relative proportion of copper or silver in the tungsten-copper or tungsten-silver cathode materials. The tungsten-copper or tungsten-silver composite materials prepared by the method have high tightness and electric conductivity and low oxygen, nitrogen and impurity content, and are especially suitable for being used as cathode materials in the fields of medium and high voltage electrical apparatus, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, relate to the preparation technology of matrix material, the preparation technology of particularly a kind of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material.
Background technology
Tungsten copper, tungsten silver composite material have the high electrical and thermal conductivity of high rigidity, low-expansion coefficient and the high-temperature stability of tungsten and copper and silver, good plastic properties concurrently.So, it is widely used in electrode materials and other field of the cathode material of power electronics, mesohigh appliance field and resistance welding, electrospark machining plasma heating, as the lead frame of the military project material of special purposes such as ray target, high-density alloy, rocket nozzle, aircraft larynx lining and unicircuit, heat sink substrate material etc.
Tungsten copper, the serial cathode material of tungsten silver mainly contain CuW50, CuW60, CuW70, CuW80, CuW90, AgW60, AgW70, AgW80, AgW90.The method for preparing at present tungsten copper, tungsten silver cathode matrix material mainly contains two kinds: (1) powder metallurgy process: promptly mix powder, compacting, sintering.But the relative density of this sintered article is very low, only is about 90% of theoretical density approximately.(2) infiltration method: tungsten powder or the powder mix that mixes part copper powder or silver powder are pressed into briquet, on briquet, place required copper or silver powder then,, copper, silver are penetrated in the hole in the pressed compact, form tungsten copper, tungsten ag material with copper, silver fusing.More than two kinds of methods all be that method by the powder process sintering curing realizes, thereby all have following defective: (1) pulverizing process is difficult to avoid the pollution problem of metal Cu, Ag and W powder, as oxygen, nitrogen, inclusion content height; (2) owing to adopt compacting, agglomerating method, so be difficult to avoid existing in the product hole of some amount, i.e. vacuum tightness is destroyed easily in low, the use of density; (3) as the hard phase---the particle roundness of tungsten is relatively poor, and its also inaccessible higher homogeneity that distributes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to contain oxygen in order to provide a kind of, nitrogen content is low, inclusion content is low, the tungsten copper that density is high or the preparation technology of tungsten silver composite material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The preparation technology of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material carries out according to following step:
A. selecting diameter for use is 10～500um tungsten filament material, carries out pickling, cleaning;
B. press the size of working condition requirement, shear the tungsten filament material;
C. with copper wire or filamentary silver compact winding on tungsten filament, the diameter of this copper wire or filamentary silver is determined by tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material ratio;
The tungsten filament that d. will be wound with copper wire or filamentary silver is bundled into bar-shaped, and its peripheral diameter is 0.5～5cm;
E. the club-shaped material after will tying up vertically is placed on and carries out infiltration in the vacuum sintering furnace: copper ingot or silver ingot are placed on club-shaped material top after tying up, and infiltrating temperature is greater than copper or silver point, and soaking time is 0.25～2 hour;
F. cool to room temperature with the furnace, after the taking-up, promptly make tungsten silver composite cathode bar;
G. above-mentioned composite bar is carried out mechanical workout, promptly get required composite component.
In technique scheme, selecting tungsten filament material optimum diameter for use is 10～150um; Press the size of working condition requirement, tungsten filament is sheared, its length is 1～20cm.
Vacuum tightness in the vacuum sintering furnace is generally more than or equal to 1 * 10
-4Pa; Infiltrating temperature is greater than 50～200 ℃ of copper or silver point temperature.
Make tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite cathode bar with above-mentioned technology, its structure is that each tungsten filament is parallel evenly distributed, is full of copper or silver between tungsten filament.
Processing such as tungsten copper that above-mentioned technology is made or tungsten silver composite bar can directly cut, grinding are made cathode element, as contact, electrode etc.; Also can roll the matrix material of infiltration gained earlier, carry out other mechanical workout again, so that adjust the size of composite bar and the spacing between tungsten filament.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, copper or silver that the present invention infiltrated have directivity---and consistent with the conducting direction in the use along the tungsten filament direction, so the electric conductivity of material is high, the material than the traditional method preparation improves more than 30% approximately.Therefore, starting the arc probability in use and starting the arc intensity are less.
2, because the hole between tungsten filament connects, there is not the phenomenon of sealing, so in the molten infiltrate journey of vacuum, electrolytic copper liquid or silvering solution are easy to infiltrate in the hole of perforation.Therefore, the density height of the matrix material that is obtained.
3, because copper and silver carry out infiltration under vacuum condition, its oxygen level and nitrogen content are all lower, so the oxygen level of the matrix material of making, nitrogen content and foreign material content are lower.
4, the electrode materials inhomogeneity of structure of having avoided the mixed powder ununiformity in the traditional technology process to be caused makes combination electrode material in use local ablation phenomen can not occur.
5, the strengthening phase of matrix material---tungsten filament is rounding very, has avoided shelf depreciation starting the arc ablation phenomen.
6, utilize the composite cathode material life-span height of this method preparation, its anti-ablation property is more than 3 times of conventional cathode material.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's schema of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material.
Embodiment
Can prepare following tungsten copper or tungsten silver serial cathode material, i.e. CuW50, CuW60, CuW70, CuW80, CuW90, AgW60, AgW70, AgW80, AgW90 etc. with technology of the present invention.The step of preparation process of above-mentioned each serial cathode material is identical, and the main difference point is that therefore, the diameter of copper wire or filamentary silver is just inequality owing to copper tungsten or silver-tungsten composite material ratio difference.Below be the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the invention is not restricted to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The technology of preparation Cu50W50 cathode material contact is referring to Fig. 1.
A. selecting diameter for use is the tungsten filament material of 150 microns (um), and carries out the pickling cleaning;
B. press the size of working condition requirement, every tungsten filament is cut into length 5cm;
C. the electrolysis copper wire compact winding that with diameter is 40um is on tungsten filament, and promptly the spacing between preceding two tungsten filaments of infiltration is 80um;
D. it is that 3cm, length are the rhabdion of 5cm that coiling is good a considerable amount of tungsten filaments are bundled into diameter;
E. above-mentioned rhabdion vertically is placed in the vacuum oven, above rhabdion, places the electrolysis copper ingot, and make the interior vacuum degree control of stove 1 * 10
-4More than the Pa, heating then, rate of heating is 3～10 ℃/minute, and infiltrating temperature is 1300 ℃, and soaking time 2 hours fully penetrates in the rhabdion in the gap between each tungsten filament copper liquid after the fusing;
F. cool to room temperature with the furnace, after the taking-up, promptly making diameter is that 3cm, length are the tungsten silver composite cathode bar of 5cm;
G. the negative electrode bar of making is rolled distortion, and carries out mechanical workout, make tungsten copper composite cathode material contact.
Embodiment 2
The technology of preparation Ag40W60 cathode material contact is referring to Fig. 1.
A. selecting diameter for use is the tungsten filament material of 100um, and carries out the pickling cleaning;
B. press the size of working condition requirement, every tungsten filament is cut into length 1cm;
C. the electrolysis filamentary silver compact winding that with diameter is 25um is on tungsten filament, and promptly the spacing between preceding two tungsten filaments of infiltration is 50 microns;
D. coiling is good tungsten filament is fastening to be bundled into the rhabdion that diameter is 1cm, length 1cm;
E. above-mentioned rhabdion is vertically put into vacuum oven, above rhabdion, place the electrolysis silver ingot, and make the interior vacuum degree control of stove 1.5 * 10
-4More than the Pa, heating then, rate of heating is 3～10 ℃/minute, and infiltrating temperature is 1050 ℃, and soaking time 1.5 hours fully penetrates in the rhabdion in the gap between each tungsten filament silvering solution after the fusing;
F. cool to room temperature with the furnace, after the taking-up, promptly making diameter is that 1cm, length are the tungsten silver composite cathode bar of 1cm;
G. the composite cathode bar of making is directly carried out mechanical workout, make tungsten silver composite cathode material contact.
Embodiment 3
The technology of preparation Cu20W80 cathode material contact is referring to Fig. 1.
A. selecting diameter for use is the tungsten filament material of 200um, and carries out the pickling cleaning;
B. press the size of working condition requirement, every tungsten filament is cut into length 10cm;
C. the electrolysis copper wire compact winding that with diameter is 20um is on tungsten filament, and promptly the spacing between preceding two tungsten filaments of infiltration is 40um;
D. it is that 5cm, length are the rhabdion of 10cm that coiling is good a considerable amount of tungsten filaments are bundled into diameter;
E. above-mentioned rhabdion is vertically put into vacuum oven, above rhabdion, place the electrolysis copper ingot, and make the interior vacuum tightness of stove reach 2 * 10
-4More than the Pa, heating then, rate of heating is 3～10 ℃/minute, and infiltrating temperature is 1300 ℃, and soaking time 1 hour fully penetrates in the rhabdion in the gap between each tungsten filament copper liquid after the fusing;
F. cool to room temperature with the furnace, after the taking-up, promptly making diameter is that 5cm, length are the tungsten copper composite cathode bar of 10cm;
G. the negative electrode bar of making is rolled distortion, and carries out mechanical workout, make tungsten copper composite cathode material contact.
Claims (5)
1, the preparation technology of a kind of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material is characterized in that: this preparation technology carries out according to following step:
A. selecting diameter for use is 10～500um tungsten filament material, carries out pickling, cleaning;
B. press the size of working condition requirement, shear the tungsten filament material;
C. with copper wire or filamentary silver compact winding on tungsten filament, the diameter of this copper wire or filamentary silver is determined by tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material ratio;
The tungsten filament that d. will be wound with copper wire or filamentary silver is bundled into bar-shaped, and its peripheral diameter is 0.5～5cm;
E. the club-shaped material after will tying up vertically is placed on and carries out infiltration in the vacuum sintering furnace; Copper ingot or silver ingot are placed on club-shaped material top after tying up, and infiltrating temperature is greater than copper or silver point temperature, and soaking time is 0.25～2 hour;
F. cool to room temperature with the furnace, after the taking-up, promptly make tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite cathode bar;
G. above-mentioned composite cathode bar is carried out mechanical workout, promptly make required composite component.
2, preparation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: selected tungsten filament diameter is 10～150um.
3, preparation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is 1～20cm that the tungsten filament material is cut into length.
4, preparation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the vacuum tightness in the vacuum sintering furnace is greater than 1 * 10
-4Pa; Infiltrating temperature is greater than 50～200 ℃ of copper or silver point.
5, preparation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: make tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite cathode bar, material structure is that each tungsten filament is parallel evenly distributed, is full of copper or silver between tungsten filament.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100416770A CN1327027C (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Preparation technology of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material |
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| CNB2005100416770A CN1327027C (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Preparation technology of tungsten copper or tungsten silver composite material |
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| CN1327027C true CN1327027C (en) | 2007-07-18 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101633986B (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-08-17 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Method for preparing silver-tungsten composite material |
| CN102061431B (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-04-03 | 上海工程技术大学 | Tungsten-copper composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105798544B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2018-10-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of tungsten-carbon/carbon-copper composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107283127A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of titanium contracted payment electrolytic pole board |
| CN110129603B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2021-03-30 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing silver-tungsten contact material and product thereof |
| CN115161567B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-05-26 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Preparation method of interface control tungsten filament bundle reinforced copper-based composite material and composite material |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6103392A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 2000-08-15 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Tungsten-copper composite powder |
| CN1056464C (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2000-09-13 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Vacuum load switch contact material and its mfg. method |
| CN1428218A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-09 | 韩国机械研究院 | Method for preparing tungsten-copper base composite powder and sintered alloy made up by using said composite powder for making radiator |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6103392A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 2000-08-15 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Tungsten-copper composite powder |
| CN1056464C (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2000-09-13 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Vacuum load switch contact material and its mfg. method |
| CN1428218A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-09 | 韩国机械研究院 | Method for preparing tungsten-copper base composite powder and sintered alloy made up by using said composite powder for making radiator |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国高温用钨铜复合材料的研究现 陈伟 等，稀有金属材料与工程，第33卷第1期 2004 * |
| 我国的钨铜、钨银材料的应用与发展 吕大铭，中国钨业，第14卷第5.6期 1999 * |
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| 高钨钨-铜复合材料的研究现状 姜国圣 等，稀有金属与硬质合金，第13卷第6期 1999 * |
| 高钨钨-铜复合材料的研究现状 姜国圣 等，稀有金属与硬质合金，第13卷第6期 1999;我国的钨铜、钨银材料的应用与发展 吕大铭，中国钨业，第14卷第5.6期 1999;钨铜复合材料研究的新进展 吕大铭，中国钨业，第15卷第6期 2000;中国高温用钨铜复合材料的研究现 陈伟 等，稀有金属材料与工程，第33卷第1期 2004 * |
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