CN111438365A - Silver-graphite electrical contact material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silver-graphite electrical contact material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111438365A CN111438365A CN202010153811.0A CN202010153811A CN111438365A CN 111438365 A CN111438365 A CN 111438365A CN 202010153811 A CN202010153811 A CN 202010153811A CN 111438365 A CN111438365 A CN 111438365A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
- B22F2009/0828—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid with water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
- B22F2009/0868—Cooling after atomisation by injection of solid particles in the melt stream
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
- B22F2009/0872—Cooling after atomisation by water
Abstract
The invention discloses a silver-graphite electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a powder preparation and powder mixing integrated device is adopted, an upper spray plate is communicated with a powder spraying device, a lower spray plate is communicated with high-pressure water, graphite powder is filled in the powder spraying device, in the process of preparing silver powder by high-pressure water atomization, graphite powder is sprayed into silver melt by taking inert gas as a carrier, solid graphite powder is wrapped by high-temperature liquid silver to form stable metallurgical bonding, then the stable metallurgical bonding is crushed and cooled by the high-pressure water to form uniform mixed powder particles, and the mixed powder particles are processed into the electrical contact material by the working procedures of drying, ingot pressing, sintering, extruding and the like. Compared with the traditional preparation process, the method has the remarkable advantages of high distribution uniformity of the graphite particles in the silver matrix, high bonding strength of the graphite particles and the silver matrix, green and environment-friendly manufacturing process, short production period and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrical contact materials, in particular relates to a silver-graphite electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a silver-graphite electrical contact material prepared by adopting a powder metallurgy process.
Background
In the field of electric contacts, the silver-graphite electric contact material has excellent electric conduction and heat conduction performance and fusion welding resistance, plays an important role in the whole electric contact material system, and is mainly applied to low-voltage electric appliances such as small-sized circuit breakers, molded case circuit breakers, frame circuit breakers, line protection switches, fault current protection switches and the like.
The graphite in the silver-graphite electric contact material belongs to a second phase with a high melting point relative to a silver matrix, and the second phase with the high melting point is added and dispersed in the silver matrix, so that the fusion welding resistance of the silver matrix is improved; meanwhile, graphite has a tendency of stabilizing electric arcs and has poor thermal stability in air, so that the electric arc burning resistance of the silver graphite material is poor. The distribution uniformity of graphite in the silver matrix and the bonding strength between graphite particles and the silver matrix have decisive influence on the arc burning resistance and the electric conduction and heat conduction performance of the silver-graphite electric contact material.
The silver graphite material is generally prepared by a powder metallurgy process, and can be mainly divided into two modes of mould pressing and extrusion according to different processing processes. The mould pressing method is to put silver graphite powder into a mould cavity to carry out single-piece pressure pressing, and then to process the silver graphite powder into a sheet contact through the working procedures of sintering, re-pressing and the like. The silver graphite material prepared by the extrusion method is compact due to hot extrusion, and the graphite particles are distributed in a fibrous shape, so that the silver graphite material has better electrical property, and is widely applied.
However, the traditional mechanical powder mixing process is mostly adopted in the preparation process of the silver-graphite mixed powder regardless of the die pressing method or the extrusion method, and the method is also the most common method for producing silver-graphite contacts by domestic and foreign electric contact manufacturers at present. The powder is simple in preparation process, short in processing period and low in processing cost, but the silver powder and the graphite powder are difficult to be completely and uniformly mixed in the mechanical powder mixing process due to the large density difference between the silver powder and the graphite powder, and the dispersion distribution degree of the graphite in a silver matrix is insufficient, so that the consistency and the reliability of the silver-graphite material in the electrical contact process are influenced. In addition, as the graphite is a brittle phase substance and is mainly distributed among the silver particles when mechanically mixed with the silver powder, the brittle phase graphite and the silver particles are in a physical combination mode, the brittle phase graphite is in direct contact with the silver particles and is limited by the wettability between the silver matrix and the graphite powder particles, the combination strength is not ideal, and the subsequent processing performance of the silver graphite material and the arc burning resistance in the electrical contact process are affected. Therefore, how to improve the distribution uniformity of the graphite particles in the silver matrix, improve the wettability between the graphite particles and the silver matrix and improve the bonding strength of the graphite particles and the silver matrix is an important research and development direction in the research and development field of the electric contact material.
On the basis of the traditional powder metallurgy (powder mixing-extrusion) process, domestic and foreign electrical contact material production enterprises develop a plurality of material preparation processes in sequence, and methods such as chemical coating, in-situ decomposition and the like are adopted to improve the wettability between the silver matrix and the graphite powder and improve the bonding strength between the silver matrix and the graphite powder. Compared with the traditional powder metallurgy process, the processing mode improves the bonding strength of the silver matrix and the graphite particles to different degrees, but still has a plurality of defects.
Through retrieval, Chinese patent Z L200910114670.5 discloses a method for preparing a silver-graphite electrical contact material by adopting a chemical coating process, which comprises the steps of preparing composite powder of graphite and ceramic, a reducing agent and deionized water into reduction suspension, then adding the reduction suspension into silver ammonia solution to obtain silver-plated graphite ceramic composite powder, and finally mixing the silver-plated graphite ceramic composite powder with silver-rare earth alloy powder prepared by water atomization to obtain the silver-graphite electrical contact material.
Chinese patent Z L11009658. X discloses a method for preparing a silver-graphite electrical contact material by an "in-situ decomposition method", which comprises mixing silver carbonate powder with graphite powder, molding, roasting, sintering, decarburizing, and hot-extruding the obtained silver carbonate-graphite mixed powder to obtain a silver-graphite strip, and rolling and punching to obtain a silver-graphite sheet contact.
Therefore, how to improve the distribution uniformity of the graphite phase in the silver-graphite electric contact material and the bonding strength of the graphite particles and the silver matrix on the basis of ensuring the material performance and not obviously increasing the cost so as to prepare the silver-graphite electric contact material with excellent processing performance and arc burning resistance, and has important practical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the silver-graphite electrical contact material and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a silver graphite electrical contact material, which comprises the steps of
(1) Melting silver to form a silver melt;
(2) graphite powder is loaded into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper spraying plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment;
(3) the lower-layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, and the atomization equipment is started;
(4) the silver melt is insulated, injected into a collecting barrel from the central position of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, and simultaneously a powder spraying device is started, inert gas is used as a carrier, and graphite powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray disk to form a mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid graphite powder;
(5) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid graphite powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed and cooled by high-pressure water to form silver-graphite mixed powder, and is precipitated in a collecting barrel;
(6) the silver-graphite mixed powder is dried, pressed into ingots, sintered, extruded into wires, sliced, decarburized and cut to prepare vertical fiber silver graphite flake contacts, or the silver-graphite flake contacts are dried, pressed into ingots, sintered, extruded and silver-coated, rolled, punched and longitudinally cut into slices to prepare parallel fiber silver graphite flake contacts.
Further setting that the step (1) is that silver is melted in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution.
Further setting that the mass percentage of the graphite powder in the silver-graphite electric contact material is 3-5%.
Further, the average particle size of the graphite powder is set to be 0.1 to 5 μm.
The inert gas in the step (4) is high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen, and the purity is more than 99.99%.
The powder spraying device is further provided with inert gas pressure of 0.2-1.0 MPa and inert gas flow of 200-1000L/min.
The lower-layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is further provided with a water pressure of 20-200 MPa.
In addition, the invention also provides the silver graphite electrical contact material prepared by the preparation method.
The innovative mechanism of the invention is as follows:
adopting high-pressure water atomization equipment, adding a layer of spray disk on the basis of a single-layer spray disk of the high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the upper layer of spray disk is communicated with a powder spraying device, and graphite powder particles are conveyed by taking inert gas as a carrier; the lower spraying plate is connected with a high-pressure pump to transmit high-pressure water. After the silver is melted into a molten liquid, the molten liquid flows through the middle of the spray disk through a discharge spout below the heat-preservation crucible, when the liquid silver passes through the first-layer spray disk, the inert gas carries solid graphite powder particles into the silver liquid flow, the graphite powder is uniformly distributed in the silver molten liquid and is wrapped by the silver, and the silver and the solid graphite powder are stably metallurgically bonded at high temperature; under the protection of inert gas, graphite powder is ensured not to be oxidized. Then the mixed liquid of the silver and graphite powder flows through the center of the lower spraying plate, is crushed and cooled by high-pressure water to form metal mixture powder with uniform particles, and is precipitated in a collecting barrel of high-pressure water atomization equipment. The silver-graphite mixed powder is processed into the electric contact material after drying, screening, ingot pressing, sintering and extrusion.
Compared with the known preparation process, the preparation method has the following advantages and positive effects:
1. the distribution uniformity of graphite particles in the silver matrix is improved. The graphite powder is added in the process of preparing the silver powder by atomization and is uniformly distributed in the silver matrix, so that the problem of nonuniform distribution in the mechanical mixing process caused by large density difference between the silver powder and the graphite powder is solved, and the consistency and the reliability of the electric contact material in the electric contact process are improved.
2. The bonding strength of the graphite particles and the silver matrix is improved. In the silver graphite material prepared by the traditional powder metallurgy process, silver and brittle phase graphite particles are physically combined, and the bonding strength is poor. The preparation method adopted by the invention generates metallurgical bonding between the liquid silver and the graphite powder particles at high temperature, and improves the bonding strength between the silver and the graphite again through sintering and extrusion in the subsequent processing process, thereby improving the processing performance of the silver graphite material and the electric arc burning resistance in the electric contact process.
3. The preparation process is environment-friendly, and environment-friendly treatment pressure can not be brought. Compared with a chemical coating process, the preparation process adopts a physical method, the wastewater in the atomization powder preparation process can be recycled after precipitation and filtration, no additional acidic or alkaline wastewater is generated, and the production process is environment-friendly.
4. The invention has simple designed process route and short processing flow and is suitable for mass production. Compared with the conventional powder metallurgy process, the mixing between the graphite powder and the silver matrix is completed in the silver powder preparation stage, so that the powder mixing process is saved; compared with more complex preparation processes such as a chemical coating method and the like, the method has more obvious advantages in the processing process and the production period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the process for preparing the vertical fiber silver graphite flake contact according to the invention:
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing parallel fiber silver graphite sheet contacts by the process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an integrated powder preparing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The powder is prepared by adopting a powder preparation and powder mixing integrated device, as shown in fig. 3, the powder preparation and powder mixing integrated device comprises a medium-frequency smelting furnace (smelting crucible a), a holding furnace (holding crucible b), an upper spray plate c, a lower spray plate d, a collecting barrel f and a powder spraying device e. Wherein the intermediate frequency smelting furnace (smelting crucible a) is a fixed point casting furnace, and the casting center corresponds to the center of the holding furnace (holding crucible b). And a lower spray tray d and an upper spray tray c are arranged on the spray tray seat at the upper end of the collecting barrel f, wherein the lower spray tray d is connected with a high-pressure water pipeline, and the upper spray tray c is connected with a powder spraying device e. The upper spray tray c is provided with 4 groups of nozzles, the nozzles are uniformly arranged around the lower spray tray c at intervals (the included angle between the nozzles is 90 degrees), and the included angle between the spray direction of the nozzles and the base material liquid flow leaked from the leakage nozzle of the heat-insulating crucible b is 60-90 degrees; the lower spray tray d is provided with 4 groups of nozzles, the nozzles are uniformly arranged around the lower spray tray d at intervals (the included angle between the nozzles is 90 degrees), and the included angle between the spray direction of the nozzles and the base material liquid flow leaked from the leakage nozzle of the heat-insulating crucible b is 30-60 degrees. The heat preservation furnace (heat preservation crucible b) is arranged at the top of the upper spray plate c, the bottom of the heat preservation furnace (heat preservation crucible b) is provided with a discharge spout, and the center of the discharge spout corresponds to the center of the spray plate. The lower end of the collecting barrel f is connected with the filter pressing barrel h, and a butterfly valve g is arranged between the collecting barrel f and the filter pressing barrel h. A vacuum filtration device, a filtration water tank, a precipitation water tank and a high-pressure pump are also arranged between the pressure filtration barrel h and the high-pressure water pipeline to form a closed loop. The collecting barrel f is provided with a necessary drainage valve and an inflation valve.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a) melting 48.5kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 1.5kg of graphite powder with the average particle size of 0.1 mu m is loaded into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper layer spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, the pressure of high-purity nitrogen in the powder spraying equipment is set to be 0.2MPa, and the flow rate of the high-purity nitrogen is set to be 200L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 100MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) the silver melt flows through a heat-insulating crucible, is injected into a collecting barrel from the center of a spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, a powder spraying device is started, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, and graphite powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray plate to form a mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid graphite powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid graphite powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 100MPa and is cooled to form AgC mixed powder, and the AgC mixed powder is precipitated in a collection barrel;
f) drying, ingot pressing, sintering, wire extruding, slicing, decarburization and cutting the AgC mixed powder to prepare the vertical fiber AgC3 sheet contact.
Example two:
a) melting 48kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 2kg of graphite powder with the average particle size of 5 mu m is loaded into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper layer spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the pressure of high-purity argon in the powder spraying equipment is 1.0MPa, and the flow of the high-purity argon is 1000L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 20MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) the silver melt flows through a heat-insulating crucible, is injected into a collecting barrel from the center of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, a powder spraying device is started, high-purity argon is used as a carrier, and graphite powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray disk to form a mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid graphite powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid graphite powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 20MPa and is cooled to form AgC mixed powder, and the AgC mixed powder is precipitated in a collection barrel;
f) the parallel fiber AgC4 sheet contact is prepared from AgC mixed powder through drying, ingot pressing, sintering, extrusion and silver coating, rolling and punching.
Example three:
a) melting 47.5kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 2.5kg of graphite powder with the average particle size of 0.8 mu m is loaded into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper layer spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the pressure of high-purity nitrogen in the powder spraying equipment is 0.5MPa, and the flow rate of the high-purity nitrogen is 500L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 200MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) the silver melt flows through a heat-insulating crucible, is injected into a collecting barrel from the center of a spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, a powder spraying device is started, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, and graphite powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray plate to form a mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid graphite powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid graphite powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 200MPa and is cooled to form AgC mixed powder, and the AgC mixed powder is precipitated in a collection barrel;
f) the parallel fiber AgC5 sheet contact is prepared by drying, ingot pressing, sintering, extruding, silver coating, rolling, longitudinal shearing, molding rolling and slicing the AgC mixed powder.
Example four:
a) melting 48kg of silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution;
b) 2kg of graphite powder with the average particle size of 2 mu m is loaded into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper layer spray plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment, wherein the pressure of high-purity argon in the powder spraying equipment is 0.8MPa, and the flow of the high-purity argon is 700L/min;
c) the lower layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, the water pressure is set to be 50MPa, and the atomization equipment is started;
d) the silver melt flows through a heat-insulating crucible, is injected into a collecting barrel from the center of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, a powder spraying device is started, high-purity argon is used as a carrier, and graphite powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray disk to form a mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid graphite powder;
e) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid graphite powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed by high-pressure water with the pressure of 50MPa and is cooled to form AgC mixed powder, and the AgC mixed powder is precipitated in a collection barrel;
drying, ingot pressing, sintering, wire extruding, slicing, decarburization and cutting the AgC mixed powder to prepare the vertical fiber AgC4 sheet contact.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the silver graphite electrical contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) melting silver to form a silver melt;
(2) graphite powder is loaded into a powder spraying device and communicated with an upper spraying plate of high-pressure water atomization equipment;
(3) the lower-layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is communicated with high-pressure water, and the atomization equipment is started;
(4) the silver melt is insulated, injected into a collecting barrel from the central position of a spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, and simultaneously a powder spraying device is started, inert gas is used as a carrier, and graphite powder is sprayed into the silver melt through an upper spray disk to form a mixed liquid flow of liquid silver and solid graphite powder;
(5) the mixed liquid flow of the liquid silver and the solid graphite powder passes through the center of a lower spray disk of high-pressure water atomization equipment, is crushed and cooled by high-pressure water to form silver-graphite mixed powder, and is precipitated in a collecting barrel;
(6) the silver-graphite mixed powder is dried, pressed into ingots, sintered, extruded into wires, sliced, decarburized and cut to prepare vertical fiber silver graphite flake contacts, or the silver-graphite flake contacts are dried, pressed into ingots, sintered, extruded and silver-coated, rolled, punched and longitudinally cut into slices to prepare parallel fiber silver graphite flake contacts.
2. The method for preparing a silver-graphite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: and (1) melting silver in a graphite crucible of a medium-frequency smelting furnace to form silver solution.
3. The method for preparing a silver-graphite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass percentage of the graphite powder in the silver-graphite electric contact material is 3-5%.
4. The method for preparing a silver-graphite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: the average particle size of the graphite powder is in the range of 0.1 to 5 μm.
5. The method for preparing a silver-graphite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: the inert gas in the step (4) is high-purity argon or high-purity nitrogen, and the purity is more than 99.99%.
6. The method for preparing the silver-graphite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas pressure of the powder spraying device is 0.2-1.0 MPa, and the inert gas flow rate is 200-1000L/min.
7. The method for preparing a silver-graphite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: the water pressure of a lower-layer spray plate of the high-pressure water atomization equipment is 20-200 MPa.
8. A silver graphite electrical contact material prepared by the preparation method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112620640A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | Preparation method of AgNi electrical contact material based on recycling of AgC scrap |
| CN113512645A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-19 | 桂林金格电工电子材料科技有限公司 | Method for mixing and recycling silver tin oxide waste and silver graphite waste |
| CN114453584A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-10 | 温州中希电工合金有限公司 | Preparation method of silver graphite electrical contact material |
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| CN113512645B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-02-24 | 桂林金格电工电子材料科技有限公司 | Method for mixing and recycling silver tin oxide waste and silver graphite waste |
| CN114453584A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-10 | 温州中希电工合金有限公司 | Preparation method of silver graphite electrical contact material |
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