CN1264720C - 带把手的车辆用倒车装置 - Google Patents
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B62K11/00—Motorcycles, engine-assisted cycles or motor scooters with one or two wheels
- B62K11/14—Handlebar constructions, or arrangements of controls thereon, specially adapted thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种带把手的车辆用倒车装置。该车辆用倒车装置是使用以致动器驱动的转换电机(19)并以起动电机(17)使车辆后退。与把套(13)相邻地设置开关面板(12),在其操作面上相邻地配置控制起动电机(17)的起动/倒车开关(121)和控制转换电机(19)的倒车转换开关(122)。该开关的位置使得骑手可以用单手进行车辆的后退操作。由此提高车辆的倒车操作性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及带把手的车辆用倒车装置,特别涉及经过简单的开关操作控制起动电机,就可以通过其驱动力使车辆倒退的带把手的车辆用倒车装置。
背景技术
在如大型两轮摩托车和休闲用三轮车那样骑在座鞍上乘车的车辆(以下,称为“骑跨型车”)中,已知有可以靠驱动电机的驱动力自行后退的车辆(例如,日本特公平8-5426号公报)。图7是安装有以往的后退装置的两轮摩托车的斜视图。在被设置在车体中央部分上的座位6的前方配置有燃料箱5,在该燃料箱5的左侧下方在引擎9的上方设置有车辆后退用杆40。另一方面,在车体前部的右车把1R的手柄近旁设置有引擎用的起动/倒车开关121。
当在上述两轮摩托车中使车辆后退时,进行以下的操作。首先,按压起动/倒车开关121起动引擎9。这时变速装置处于空挡状态。接着,驾驶者(骑手)用左手一边解除位于自己左膝附近的倒车用杆40的锁一边把倒车杆转动到倒车方向上,使该倒车用杆40锁定在预定位置上。通过用该杆操作,变速装置被切换到倒车用齿轮上。接着,如果用右手按压起动/倒车开关121,因为变速装置进入倒车用齿轮所以靠起动电机的驱动力车辆后退。如果使车辆后退到了所希望的位置,则把手离开起动/倒车开关121使车辆停止。最后解除倒车用杆40的锁,使倒车用杆40在和后退方向相反的方向上转动并锁定。通过该操作变速装置的齿轮返回空挡。
如上所述在以往的两轮摩托车中存在用于使车辆倒退的操作复杂的问题。即,骑手通常是两手把握转向把手,但为了进行使车辆倒退的操作,必须使左手离开转向把手操作后退用杆,实际上在车辆开始后退时再次把左手移动至转向把手,用右手操作起动/倒车开关,必须用两手操作转向把手使车辆后退。因而,希望简化这种复杂的操作。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决上述的问题,提供一种可以用简单的操作驱动车辆后退的带把手的车辆用倒车装置。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的第1方案是:一种带把手的车辆用倒车装置,通过引擎用的起动电机的驱动力来使靠该引擎被驱动的车辆后退,其特征在于包括:第1开关,以在引擎起动以及车辆后退时能够共用的方式设置于与车辆把手的转向把套相邻配置的开关面板上;以及切换单元,择一地切换引擎起动模式和车辆后退模式,上述切换单元由以下部分组成:致动器,把上述起动电机的输出侧择一地连接到引擎起动侧以及车辆后退侧的齿轮上;以及第2开关,用于使上述致动器动作,其中,上述第1开关和第2开关是相邻配置的。
另外,本发明的第2方案是:上述第2开关相对第1开关位于距转向把套远的位置上。
如果采用第1方案,就可以通过第2开关使致动器动作,把起动电机的输出侧有选择地连接在引擎起动一方和车辆倒车一方。因为在与转向把套相邻配置的开关面板上与第1开关相邻地配置第2开关,所以这些开关可以用一只手操作。特别是因为把第1开关配置在把套一侧,所以使起动电机动作的操作,很容易在握着把套的状态下进行。
另外,本发明的第3方案是:构成为在操作上述第2开关后预定时间内不受理第1开关操作。如果采用第3方案,即使假设同时操作两个开关,由于使第2开关优先,因而可以在确实地切换模式后受理起动电机的引擎起动。
进而,本发明的第4方案是:上述开关面板设置安装有上述第1开关的第1板面、和安装有上述第2开关的第2板面,设置台阶使得在上述2个板面中上述第2板面接近骑手一侧。如果采用第4方案,尽管第1开关和第2开关相互接近,因为相互的位置明确,所以骑手容易识别,操作性进一步提高。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施方案的车辆用倒车装置的开关面板的正面图。
图2是上述开关面板的底面图。
图3是本发明的一实施方案的安装有车辆用倒车装置的两轮摩托车的斜视图。
图4是展示上述两轮摩托车的动力传动***的方框图。
图5是展示切换引擎起动模式和车辆后退模式的转换装置的主要部分的斜视图。
图6是车辆用倒车装置的开关操作的时序图。
图7是安装有以往的车辆用倒车装置的两轮摩托车的斜视图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图说明本发明的一实施方案。图3是本发明的一实施方案的作为安装有车辆用倒车装置的骑跨型车辆一例的两轮摩托车的斜视图。在同一图中,转向把手(以下,简称“把手”)1被固定在下端轴支撑在前轮2上的前叉(未图示)的上部,由左把手1L和右把手1R组成。在右把手1R的手柄近旁设置起动/倒车开关和倒车转换开关等的开关面板12。把手1的前方设置有遮挡显示板和灯光装置的前整流罩3,在该前整流罩3的上部安装有防风屏4。
从上述前整流罩3向着车体后方,顺序配置有燃料箱5、驾驶者座位6、乘车者座位7,以及后箱8。在燃料箱5的下方设置有引擎9,在后箱8的下方,设置有后轮10,侧箱11覆盖后轮10的上部左右。
接着,详细说明被设置在右把手1R上的开关面板12。图1是开关面板12的正面图,图2是底面图。在两图中,在开关面板12的正面下部的右侧即靠转向把套13处配置有兼用于引擎起动和车辆后退的起动/倒车开关121,在其左侧即靠车体中央处配置有倒车转换开关122。另外,在开关面板12的正面上部设置有自动巡航用的开关123。
从图2可知,倒车转换开关122位于跟前一侧即靠近骑手,起动/倒车开关121相对倒车转换开关122位于远侧即偏向靠近车体前方。即起动/倒车开关121的安装面f1和倒车转换开关122的安装面f2有台阶差S。该台阶差S的值希望和起动/倒车开关121的高度尺寸(自安装面f1的突出部分尺寸)相同或者在其之上。因为起动/倒车开关121以及倒车转换开关122相互配置成有台阶差,所以由于骑手可以根据手的触感容易识别两者,因而操作性提高。这些开关的功能在后面进一步叙述。
图4是展示动力传动***的方框图。在同一图中,引擎9经由离合器13被联结在多级齿轮式变速装置14上,变速装置14的输出轴14a通过由链轮和链条组成的动力传动装置15被连接在后轮10上。在引擎9处于运转状态,离合器13处于接触状态时,按照与变速装置14的齿轮切换位置对应的转动方向以及减速比使后轮10转动。
在引擎9的曲柄轴(未图示)上经由单向离合器16联结起动电机17,并且起动电机17通过换档装置18与变速装置14的最后级轴(未图示)联结。换档装置18是相对变速装置14的最后级轴进行起动电机17的连接切换用的,设有作为控制该换档装置18的致动器的转换电机(最好是伺服电机)19。起动电机17经过起动/倒车开关(第1开关)121连接在电源21上,转换电机19经过倒车转换开关(第2开关)122与电源(蓄电池)21连接。
图5是展示换档装置18的主要部分的斜视图。在同一图中,在被支撑在未图示的曲轴箱上的倒车轴23上安装有倒车空转齿轮24以及转换齿轮18A。这些倒车空转齿轮24以及转换齿轮18A相互结合或者被形成为一体,并相对倒车轴23可以在圆周方向上自如滑动,在轴方向上位置固定。上述转换齿轮18A,在倒车位置上与被固定在变速装置14的最后级轴14A上的从动齿轮即倒车齿轮14B咬合。
在倒车轴23的一端上,设置被固定在曲轴箱上的凸轮25并可以在圆周方向上自如滑动。凸轮25用销钉26与曲柄箱结合其转动被限制,并且被固定在倒车轴23上的销钉27可以游动配合在弧形的的凸轮孔25a中。
在倒车轴23的另一端上,设置有用于使该倒车轴23转动的致动机构。该致动机构,包括游动在倒车轴23上的部分蜗轮28、和该蜗轮28咬合的蜗杆29、使该蜗杆29转动的转换电机19、使蜗轮28靠弹力加载在其转动方向的一方向上的空转弹簧31、具有可以与倒车轴23的端部的矩形断面部分游动配合的长孔32a并且结合在空转弹簧31的一端上的金属板32。进而,在蜗轮28的侧面上形成有与空转弹簧31的另一端结合的突起28a。
上述倒车空转齿轮24与被连接在起动电机17的轴17a上的倒车传动齿轮33咬合。另外,起动电机17的轴17a的前端和向曲柄传递起动电机17的转动的起动传动齿轮34的轴34a花键连接。
在倒车轴23的一端上设置通过检测出转换齿轮18A移动到预定位置进行倒车显示用的位置开关35。位置开关35靠被固定在倒车轴23上的凸轮36激发,使可以设置在上述把手1附近的显示板上的显示灯点亮。
另一方面,在上述蜗轮28的对面设置有伺服位置开关37。该伺服位置开关37通过检测出蜗轮28在预定的位置知道蜗轮28位于行程的一端。以该检出位置为基准控制转换电机19的驱动。
上述换档装置18进行以下的动作。如果驱动转换电机19使蜗杆29转动,则蜗轮28在箭头DN1、DS1的方向上转动。蜗轮28的转动通过空转弹簧31传递到金属板32,使和金属板32结合的倒车轴23在箭头DN2、DS2的方向上转动。如果倒车轴23转动,则上述销钉26沿着凸轮孔25a的引导使倒车轴23在箭头DN3、DS3的方向上直线移动。
在图5中,齿轮被切换到使车辆后退的倒车位置上,即,由于蜗轮28在箭头DS1方向上转动倒车轴23偏移到箭头DS3方向上,因而转换齿轮18A与变速装置14的倒车齿轮14B咬合。如果在该倒车位置上驱动起动电机17,则其转动通过倒车传动齿轮33、倒车空转齿轮24,以及转换齿轮18A传递到倒车齿轮14,使车辆后退。
另一方面,在使起动电机17离开倒车齿轮14B时,即在切换到空挡位置时,使蜗轮28向箭头DN1方向转动,使倒车轴23向箭头DN3方向偏移,解除转换齿轮18A和倒车齿轮14B的咬合。进而,使倒车轴23转动的单元并不限于蜗轮和蜗杆的组合,例如也可以用缆绳使和倒车轴23同轴配置的滚筒转动。
用具有上述换档装置的倒车装置使车辆后退的程序如下。另外,假设在初始状态中换档装置处于空挡状态。首先,按压起动/倒车开关121使起动电机17转动起动引擎9。接着,按压倒车转换开关122使转换齿轮18A咬合在倒车齿轮14B上,切换到倒车位置。接着按压起动/倒车开关121使起动电机17转动,这时该转动被传递到倒车齿轮14B上车辆后退。车辆因为在按压起动/倒车开关121期间后退,所以如果停止按压起动/倒车开关121则车辆停止。如果在停止车辆后再次按压倒车转换开关122,则转换齿轮18A和倒车齿轮14B的咬合被解除,切换到空挡位置。
此外,也可以设置计时单元,它在按压倒车转换开关122后一定时间内不接受来自起动/倒车开关121的指令。为的是可靠地动作。该计时单元,可以设置在响应检测出开关121、122的开、关进行预定处理的控制装置(用微机控制)内。
图6是开关121、122的开、关和车辆的后退动作的时序图。如该图所示,在换档装置18被切换到倒车位置时,如果起动/倒车开关121变为开时则车辆后退,但在倒车转换开关122变为开后,在经过时间T为止即使起动/倒车开关121变为开时车辆也不后退。这个时间T例如最好是0.2~1秒。
从以上说明可知,如果采用技术方案1~4所述的发明,就可以通过操作2个开关很容易使车辆后退。特别是如果采用技术方案2的发明,因为可以把2个开关集中配置在单边把套附近,所以骑手可以用单手进行车辆倒车的操作。另外,如果采用技术方案3以及技术方案4的发明,因为可以明确区别第1和第2开关操作或者基于操作的动作,所以操作的容易性、可靠性提高。
Claims (4)
1.一种带把手的车辆用倒车装置,通过引擎用的起动电机的驱动力来使靠该引擎被驱动的车辆后退,其特征在于包括:
第1开关,以在引擎起动以及车辆后退时能够共用的方式设置于与车辆把手的转向把套相邻配置的开关面板上;以及
切换单元,择一地切换引擎起动模式和车辆后退模式,
上述切换单元由以下部分组成:
致动器,把上述起动电机的输出侧择一地连接到引擎起动侧以及车辆后退侧的齿轮上;以及
第2开关,用于使上述致动器动作,
其中,上述第1开关和第2开关是相邻配置的。
2.如权利要求1所述的带把手的车辆用倒车装置,其特征在于:第2开关相对第1开关位于距转向把套远的位置上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的带把手的车辆用倒车装置,其特征在于:构成为在操作上述第2开关后的预定时间内不接收上述第1开关操作。
4.如权利要求2所述的带把手的车辆用倒车装置,其特征在于:上述开关面板上设置有安装了上述第1开关的第1板面、和安装了上述第2开关的第2板面,并且设置台阶使得上述两个板面中的上述第2板面接近骑手一侧。
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JP067225/2000 | 2000-03-10 | ||
JP2000067225A JP3918977B2 (ja) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-03-10 | 車両用後退装置 |
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CN1319532A CN1319532A (zh) | 2001-10-31 |
CN1264720C true CN1264720C (zh) | 2006-07-19 |
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US (1) | US6457381B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1132288B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3918977B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1264720C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60118640T2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW515771B (zh) |
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JP2004161132A (ja) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-06-10 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 不整地走行車の変速装置 |
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US8001862B2 (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2011-08-23 | Harley-Davidson Motor Company Group, Inc. | Reverse drive assembly for a motorcycle |
US7610979B1 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2009-11-03 | Harley-Davidson Motor Company Group, LLC | Reverse drive system for a three-wheeled vehicle |
US7952305B2 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-05-31 | Harley-Davidson Motor Company Group, Inc. | Reverse drive control for a motorcycle |
JP5198204B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2013-05-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両用後退装置 |
JP2010120597A (ja) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-03 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 車両 |
US20100166511A1 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2010-07-01 | Laszlo Frecska | Universal tool and inserts for milling splines |
US20110081211A1 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2011-04-07 | Laszlo Frecska | Tool and inserts for milling splines |
DE102009026543A1 (de) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-02 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Automatisiertes Motorradgetriebe |
CN106196648B (zh) * | 2010-06-16 | 2019-10-29 | 亮源工业(以色列)有限公司 | 太阳能场布局以及用于在其中布置、维护和操作定日镜的***和方法 |
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US8926467B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2015-01-06 | Harley-Davidson Motor Company Group, LLC | Transmission with reverse drive assembly |
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2001
- 2001-02-22 TW TW090104032A patent/TW515771B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-23 EP EP01104370A patent/EP1132288B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-23 DE DE60118640T patent/DE60118640T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-09 US US09/801,754 patent/US6457381B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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JP3918977B2 (ja) | 2007-05-23 |
TW515771B (en) | 2003-01-01 |
EP1132288A2 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
EP1132288A3 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
DE60118640T2 (de) | 2006-08-31 |
US6457381B1 (en) | 2002-10-01 |
DE60118640D1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
JP2001253384A (ja) | 2001-09-18 |
EP1132288B1 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
US20020038578A1 (en) | 2002-04-04 |
CN1319532A (zh) | 2001-10-31 |
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