CN114793796A - Ecological breeding method for rice turtles - Google Patents
Ecological breeding method for rice turtles Download PDFInfo
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- CN114793796A CN114793796A CN202210172203.3A CN202210172203A CN114793796A CN 114793796 A CN114793796 A CN 114793796A CN 202210172203 A CN202210172203 A CN 202210172203A CN 114793796 A CN114793796 A CN 114793796A
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- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 240
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000534460 Ampullaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 72
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 206010024380 Leukoderma Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000338116 Amyda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N Gentamicin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(C)NC)CC[C@@H](N)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](NC)[C@@](C)(O)CO2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930182566 Gentamicin Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
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- 231100000019 skin ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological breeding method of rice turtles, which comprises the following steps: selecting and constructing a rice field; treating the rice field, namely breeding red duckweed and duckweed as plant feeds in the rice field in advance, and putting ampullaria gigas and loaches in the rice field in advance; selecting rice varieties and planting density; selecting turtle varieties and stocking density; purifying water quality and using fertilizer; feeding supplementary feed every day; managing in the field, arranging specially-assigned persons for management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every morning, noon and evening, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles; pest control; after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, and after the rice is harvested, fishing the turtles. According to the invention, natural resources of the rice field are developed and utilized, through the combination of the planting industry and the breeding industry, the natural resources of the rice field are effectively utilized, the planting industry and the breeding industry are combined, higher economic benefits are obtained, and the water body can be protected and the ecological environment of the rice field can be improved; has great significance for accelerating the popularization of the ecological breeding of the rice turtles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological breeding of rice turtles, and particularly relates to an ecological breeding method of rice turtles.
Background
The mossback belongs to a species of the grass turtles, is also called Chinese grass turtles and long-life turtles, has good medicinal value and ornamental value, is a turtle variety with high economic value, relatively low culture cost and relatively low difficulty of field culture technology, and is one of turtle varieties which are very suitable for a rice and turtle culture mode. The grass turtles are generally prepared from plants, shrimps and small fish, and the abdomen is called "tortoise plastron" and can be used as tonic.
The green line grass turtles are high-water-inhabitation and omnivorous turtles, and are one of the main species for large-scale pond turtle culture. At present, the greenline turtles are mainly cultured in artificially constructed facilities, the greenline turtles cultured in the mode cannot fully exert the value characteristics of the greenline turtles due to the limitation of the culture environment, and the growth speed, the medicinal value and the economic value of the greenline turtles cultured in the rice field are superior to those of the greenline turtles cultured in the rice field. At present, most of rice is planted in a single rice field, a common planting method of green line turtles and rice is lacked, natural resources cannot be effectively utilized, and the novel planting and breeding mode combining biological insect prevention, water saving and material saving of the rice field is established by combining the technologies of ecological planting and breeding, biological purification, turtle breeding and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides an ecological breeding method of rice turtles.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an ecological breeding method of rice turtles comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 20 mu of field blocks with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage and no water leakage, and establishing escape-proof facilities around the rice field; a temporary turtle breeding pond with the area of 50 square meters is established in the planned area, a walking path with the width of 1 meter is established around the temporary turtle breeding pond, and the walking path can be used for visiting and production, and can also be used as a spawning platform so that turtles can spawn; 5-10 ditches with the depth of 30-50 cm and the width of 40-60 cm are dug in the field, and a spawning platform with the length of 5 meters and the width of 1 meter is built in the center of the field block so that turtles can spawn eggs;
s2: the method comprises the steps of treating the rice field, namely putting red duckweed and duckweed in the rice field in advance to serve as plant feeds, putting ampullaria gigas and loaches in the rice field in advance, enabling aquatic animals to be capable of continuously breeding and enabling turtles to freely feed, and saving raising cost;
s3: the rice variety of the good-quality 2115 or the seventh floral is selected for planting, the planting density is 10000 holes/mu-12000 holes/mu, the two varieties are replaced once every year for planting, and the good-quality 2115 and the seventh floral are good in quality, yield and commercial value;
s4: after the rice is planted for 10-15 days, robust disease-free greenline turtles are placed after the roots of the rice are fixed, the greenline turtles have the advantages of good cold resistance, relatively short growth period and good commercialization prospect, and the breeding is mainly performed, and 120 turtles are stocked per mu; mainly breeding commercial turtles, and putting 300-700 turtles per mu which are effective in 2-3 years;
s5: silver carps and bighead carps are thrown in each field, the silver carps and bighead carps can filter plankton in the feed water to play a role in purifying the water quality, and the micro-ecological preparation is adopted for adjusting when the water quality is seriously polluted; enhancing water quality management, keeping fresh water quality and sufficient dissolved oxygen, adding 1 time of fresh water every half month, and supplementing sufficient dissolved oxygen to the water body by using an aerator; the turtle feces are used as fertilizer in the whole process;
s6: the supplementary feed is regularly and quantitatively fed at fixed points every week, the special feed for the turtles produced by a regular manufacturer is adopted, fresh and pollution-free live baits such as fish, liver, vegetables and the like with a certain proportion (preferably not more than 30 percent of the weight of the feed) are added into the feed, and the mixture is pulped and fed with the compound feed, so that the visceral functions of the turtles are adjusted and improved; feeding 3 times per week in 4-5 months per year, preferably 1-2% of average body weight of tortoise; feeding for 6-8 months, 4 times per week, preferably 3-4% of average weight of tortoise; the turtle is fed for 2 times per week in 9-10 months, and the feeding is not needed when the turtle enters the hibernation period from 11 months to 3 months in the second year, wherein the amount of the turtle is 1% of the average weight of the turtle.
S7: managing in the field, arranging specially-assigned persons for management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every morning, noon and evening, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles;
s8: the common diseases of the rice field turtle breeding are as follows: red spots can be obviously seen on the abdomen of the disease tortoise, and when the disease tortoise is serious, the mouth and the nose bleed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the water quality clean, and adding antibiotics into the feed for feeding; the skin ulcer of the four limbs, the tail, the neck and other parts of the disease tortoise appears visible to naked eyes, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles, and soaking the sick turtles in 10ppm antibiotics for 48 hours; leukoderma, the four limbs, the skirt edge and other parts of the disease tortoise have the symptoms of leukoderma, epidermal necrosis and the like, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: washing with bleaching powder solution or salt water or soaking Amyda sinensis with radix Rhodiolae extract for treatment; the red bottom plate disease, red swelling or even rotting occurs on the abdominal shell bottom plate of the sick tortoise, the abdominal shell bone plate is exposed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: intramuscular gentamicin;
regularly patrolling the pond so as to comprehensively understand the growth conditions of the rice and the turtles, immediately fishing out the turtles when dead turtles appear in the field, deeply burying or incinerating the turtles, and timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles; the tools in the disease area and the tools in the healthy area are prevented from being used together, so that the cross infection of diseases is avoided; the prevention of rice field diseases and insect pests, such as rats, ants, weasels, hawks and the like, is well done, and the natural enemies have fatal damage to tortoise eggs and young turtles;
the rice diseases and insect pests are comprehensively controlled by combining physical control and biological control: planting or reserving flowering plants and weeds on the ridge of the field edge to provide a habitat for natural enemies; the fragrant rhizobia is a trap plant in the ridge, so that the borers can be effectively controlled; adopting sexual information to trap and kill; the pest trapper and the pest killing lamp are used for trapping and controlling;
s9: after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, draining water before harvesting to allow the turtles to enter a temporary culture pond, and fishing the turtles after the turtles are cultured for 3 years.
Wherein, the cross-sectional view of the temporary turtle rearing pond in the S1 is in a ladder shape.
Wherein the planting density in S3 is 10000-12000 holes/mu, which can not only ensure the yield of rice, but also ensure enough living space for turtles and effectively control the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests.
Wherein the male-female ratio of 120 medium turtles bred per mu in S4 is 2:1, and the medium turtles are 200-300 g.
Wherein, insects, aquatic animals and field weeds in the S6 rice field are used for feeding turtles, and the feeding amount can be reduced.
The invention has the following advantages:
the natural resources of the rice field are developed and utilized, the natural resources of the rice field are effectively utilized through the combination of the planting industry and the breeding industry, the planting industry and the breeding industry are combined, higher economic benefit is obtained, and the water body can be protected and the ecological environment of the rice field can be improved; has great significance for accelerating the popularization of the ecological breeding of the rice turtles.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are presently preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but rather, many modifications and variations may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Example 1
An ecological breeding method of rice turtles comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 20 mu of field blocks with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage and no water leakage, and establishing escape-proof facilities around the rice field; a temporary turtle breeding pond with the area of 50 square meters is established in the planning area, the cross section of the temporary turtle breeding pond is in a trapezoidal shape, and a walking path with the width of 1 meter is established around the temporary turtle breeding pond and can be used for visiting and production, and can also be used as a spawning platform so that turtles can spawn; 5-10 ditches with the depth of 30-50 cm and the width of 40-60 cm are dug in the field, and a spawning platform with the length of 5 meters and the width of 1 meter is built in the center of the field block so that turtles can spawn eggs;
s2: the method comprises the steps of treating the rice field, namely putting red duckweed and duckweed in the rice field in advance to serve as plant feeds, putting ampullaria gigas and loaches in the rice field in advance, enabling aquatic animals to be capable of continuously breeding and enabling turtles to freely feed, and saving raising cost;
s3: the rice variety good-aroma 2115 is selected for planting, the planting density is 11000 holes/mu, the two varieties are planted by replacing once every year, and the good-aroma 2115 quality, the yield and the commercial value are good;
s4: after the rice is planted for 10-15 days, robust disease-free greenline turtles are placed after the roots of the rice are fixed, the greenline turtles have the advantages of good cold resistance, relatively short growth period and good commercialization prospect, breeding is mainly carried out, and 120 turtles (200-300 g) are stocked per mu (the male-female ratio is 2: 1); mainly breeding commercial turtles, and putting 300 turtles (200-300 g) per mu which are harvested in 2-3 years;
s5: silver carps and bighead carps are thrown in each field, the silver carps and bighead carps can filter plankton in the feed water to play a role in purifying the water quality, and the micro-ecological preparation is adopted for adjusting when the water quality is seriously polluted; enhancing water quality management, keeping fresh water quality and sufficient dissolved oxygen, adding 1 time of fresh water every half month, and supplementing sufficient dissolved oxygen to the water body by using an aerator; the turtle feces are used as fertilizer in the whole process;
s6: the supplementary feed is regularly and quantitatively fed at fixed points every week, the special feed for turtles produced by regular manufacturers is adopted, fresh and pollution-free live baits such as fish, liver, vegetables and the like with a certain proportion (preferably not more than 30% of the weight of the feed) are added into the feed, the mixture is pulped and mixed with the compound feed for feeding, the internal organ functions of the turtles are favorably adjusted and improved, insects and aquatic animals are arranged in a rice field for feeding the turtles, field weeds are also delicious plant feeds for the turtles, and the feeding amount can be reduced; feeding 3 times per week in 4-5 months per year, preferably 1-2% of average body weight of tortoise; feeding for 6-8 months, 4 times per week, preferably 3-4% of average weight of tortoise; feeding for 2 times per week (1% of average weight of the tortoise) in 9-10 months, and feeding for 3 months from 11 months to the second year.
S7: managing in the field, arranging specially-assigned persons for management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every morning, noon and evening, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles;
s8: the common diseases of the rice field turtle breeding are as follows: red spots can be obviously seen on the abdomen of the disease tortoise, and when the disease tortoise is serious, the mouth and the nose bleed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the water quality clean, and adding antibiotics into the feed for feeding; the skin ulcer of the four limbs, the tail, the neck and other parts of the disease tortoise appears visible to naked eyes, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles, and soaking the sick turtles in 10ppm antibiotics for 48 hours; leukoderma, the four limbs, the skirt edge and other parts of the disease tortoise have the symptoms of leukoderma, epidermal necrosis and the like, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: washing with bleaching powder solution or salt water or soaking Amyda sinensis with radix Rhodiolae extract for treatment; the red bottom plate disease, red swelling and even rot occur on the abdominal shell bottom plate of a diseased tortoise, the abdominal shell bone plate is exposed, and the prevention method comprises the following steps: intramuscular gentamicin;
regularly patrolling the pond so as to comprehensively understand the growth conditions of the rice and the turtles, immediately fishing out the turtles when dead turtles appear in the field, deeply burying or incinerating the turtles, and timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles; the tools in the disease area and the tools in the healthy area are prevented from being used together, so that the cross infection of diseases is avoided; the prevention of rice field diseases and insect pests, such as rats, ants, weasels, hawks and the like, is well done, and the natural enemies have fatal damage to tortoise eggs and young turtles;
the rice diseases and insect pests are comprehensively controlled by combining physical control and biological control: planting or reserving flowering plants and weeds on the ridge of the field edge to provide a habitat for natural enemies; the fragrant rhizobia is a trap plant in the ridge, so that the borers can be effectively controlled; adopting sexual information to trap and kill; the pest trapper and the pest killing lamp are used for trapping and controlling;
s9: after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, draining water before harvesting to allow the turtles to enter a temporary culture pond, and fishing the turtles after the turtles are cultured for 3 years.
Example 2
An ecological breeding method of rice turtles comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 20 mu of field blocks with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage and no water leakage, and establishing escape-proof facilities around the rice field; a temporary turtle breeding pond with the area of 50 square meters is established in the planning area, the cross section of the temporary turtle breeding pond is in a trapezoidal shape, and a walking path with the width of 1 meter is established around the temporary turtle breeding pond and can be used for visiting and production, and can also be used as a spawning platform so that turtles can spawn; 5-10 ditches with the depth of 30-50 cm and the width of 40-60 cm are dug in the field, and a spawning platform with the length of 5 meters and the width of 1 meter is built in the center of the field block so that turtles can spawn eggs;
s2: the method comprises the steps of treating the rice field, namely putting red duckweed and duckweed in the rice field in advance to serve as plant feeds, putting ampullaria gigas and loaches in the rice field in advance, enabling aquatic animals to be capable of continuously breeding and enabling turtles to freely feed, and saving raising cost;
s3: the rice variety of the seventh flower fragrance is selected for planting, the planting density is 11000 holes/mu, the two varieties are replaced once every year for planting, and the seventh flower fragrance quality, the yield and the commercial value are good;
s4: after the rice is planted for 10-15 days, robust disease-free greenline turtles are placed after the roots of the rice are fixed, the greenline turtles have the advantages of good cold resistance, relatively short growth period and good commercialization prospect, breeding is mainly carried out, and 120 turtles (200-300 g) are stocked per mu (the male-female ratio is 2: 1); mainly breeding commercial turtles, and putting 300 turtles (200-300 g) per mu which are harvested in 2-3 years;
s5: silver carps and bighead carps are thrown in each field, the silver carps and bighead carps can filter plankton in the feed water to play a role in purifying the water quality, and the micro-ecological preparation is adopted for adjusting when the water quality is seriously polluted; enhancing water quality management, keeping water quality fresh and dissolved oxygen sufficient, adding fresh water for 1 time every half month, and supplementing the water body with an aerator to ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen; the turtle feces are used as fertilizer in the whole process;
s6: the supplementary feed is regularly and quantitatively fed at fixed points every week, the special feed for turtles produced by regular manufacturers is adopted, fresh and pollution-free live baits such as fish, liver, vegetables and the like with a certain proportion (preferably not more than 30% of the weight of the feed) are added into the feed, the mixture is pulped and mixed with the compound feed for feeding, the internal organ functions of the turtles are favorably adjusted and improved, insects and aquatic animals are arranged in a rice field for feeding the turtles, field weeds are also delicious plant feeds for the turtles, and the feeding amount can be reduced; feeding 3 times per week in 4-5 months per year, preferably 1-2% of average body weight of tortoise; feeding for 6-8 months, 4 times per week, preferably 3-4% of average weight of tortoise; the turtle is fed for 2 times per week in 9-10 months, and the feeding is not needed when the turtle enters the hibernation period from 11 months to 3 months in the second year, wherein the amount of the turtle is 1% of the average weight of the turtle.
S7: managing in the field, arranging specially-assigned persons for management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every morning, noon and evening, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles;
s8: the common diseases of the rice field turtle breeding are as follows: red spots can be obviously seen on the abdomen of the disease tortoise, and when the disease tortoise is serious, the mouth and the nose bleed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the water quality clean, and adding antibiotics into the feed for feeding; the skin ulcer of the four limbs, the tail, the neck and other parts of the disease tortoise appears visible to naked eyes, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles, and soaking the sick turtles in 10ppm antibiotics for 48 hours; leukoderma, the four limbs, skirt edge, etc. of the disease tortoise have the symptoms of leukoplakia, cuticle necrosis, etc., and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: washing with bleaching powder solution or salt water or soaking Amyda sinensis with radix Rhodiolae extract for treatment; the red bottom plate disease, red swelling or even rotting occurs on the abdominal shell bottom plate of the sick tortoise, the abdominal shell bone plate is exposed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: intramuscular gentamicin;
regularly patrolling the pond so as to comprehensively understand the growth conditions of the rice and the turtles, immediately fishing out the turtles when dead turtles appear in the field, deeply burying or incinerating the turtles, and timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles; the tools in the disease area and the tools in the healthy area are prevented from being used together, so that the cross infection of diseases is avoided; the prevention of rice field diseases and insect pests, such as rats, ants, weasels, hawks and the like, is well done, and the natural enemies have fatal damage to tortoise eggs and young turtles;
the rice diseases and insect pests are comprehensively controlled by combining physical control and biological control: planting or reserving flowering plants and weeds on the ridge of the field edge to provide a habitat for natural enemies; the fragrant rhizobia is a trap plant in the ridge, so that the borers can be effectively controlled; adopting sexual information to trap and kill; the pest trapper and the pest killing lamp are used for trapping and controlling;
s9: after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, draining water before harvesting to allow the turtles to enter a temporary culture pond, and fishing the turtles after the turtles are cultured for 3 years.
Example 3
An ecological breeding method of rice turtles comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 20 mu of field blocks with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage and no water leakage, and establishing escape-proof facilities around the rice field; a temporary turtle breeding pond with the area of 50 square meters is established in the planning area, the cross section of the temporary turtle breeding pond is in a trapezoidal shape, and a walking path with the width of 1 meter is established around the temporary turtle breeding pond and can be used for visiting and production, and can also be used as a spawning platform so that turtles can spawn; 5-10 ditches with the depth of 30-50 cm and the width of 40-60 cm are dug in the field, and a spawning platform with the length of 5 meters and the width of 1 meter is built in the center of the field block so that turtles can spawn eggs;
s2: the method comprises the steps of treating the rice field, namely putting red duckweed and duckweed in the rice field in advance to serve as plant feeds, putting ampullaria gigas and loaches in the rice field in advance, enabling aquatic animals to be capable of continuously breeding and enabling turtles to freely feed, and saving raising cost;
s3: the rice variety good-aroma 2115 is selected for planting, the planting density is 12000 holes/mu, the two varieties are planted by replacing once every year, and the good-aroma 2115 quality, the yield and the commercial value are good;
s4: after the rice is planted for 10-15 days, robust disease-free greenline turtles are placed after the roots of the rice are fixed, the greenline turtles have the advantages of good cold resistance, relatively short growth period and good commercialization prospect, breeding is mainly carried out, and 120 turtles (200-300 g) are stocked per mu (the male-female ratio is 2: 1); mainly breeding commercial turtles, and putting 400 turtles (200-300 g) per mu which are harvested in 2-3 years;
s5: silver carps and bighead carps are put in each field, the silver carps and bighead carps can filter plankton in water to play a role in purifying water quality, and the water quality is adjusted by adopting a microecological preparation when serious pollution occurs; enhancing water quality management, keeping fresh water quality and sufficient dissolved oxygen, adding 1 time of fresh water every half month, and supplementing sufficient dissolved oxygen to the water body by using an aerator; the turtle feces are used as fertilizer in the whole process;
s6: the supplementary feed is regularly and quantitatively fed at fixed points every week, the special feed for turtles produced by a regular manufacturer is adopted to screen the variety and the feeding amount, fresh and pollution-free live baits such as fish, liver, vegetables and the like with a certain proportion (preferably not more than 30 percent of the weight of the feed) are added into the feed, the mixture is pulped and mixed with the compound feed for feeding, the internal organ function of the turtles is favorably adjusted and improved, insects and aquatic animals are arranged in the rice field for feeding the turtles, the field weeds are also delicious plant feed of the turtles, and the feeding amount can be reduced; feeding 3 times per week in 4-5 months per year, preferably 1-2% of average body weight of tortoise; feeding for 6-8 months, 4 times per week, preferably 3-4% of average weight of tortoise; feeding for 2 times per week (1% of average weight of the tortoise) in 9-10 months, and feeding for 3 months from 11 months to the second year.
S7: managing in the field, arranging specially-assigned persons for management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every morning, noon and evening, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles;
s8: the common diseases of the rice field turtle breeding are as follows: red spots can be obviously seen on the abdomen of the disease tortoise, and when the disease tortoise is serious, the mouth and the nose bleed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the water quality clean, and adding antibiotics into the feed for feeding; the skin ulcer of the four limbs, the tail, the neck and other parts of the disease tortoise appears visible to naked eyes, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles, and soaking the sick turtles in 10ppm antibiotics for 48 hours; leukoderma, the four limbs, the skirt edge and other parts of the disease tortoise have the symptoms of leukoderma, epidermal necrosis and the like, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: washing with bleaching powder solution or salt water or soaking Amyda sinensis with radix Rhodiolae extract for treatment; the red bottom plate disease, red swelling or even rotting occurs on the abdominal shell bottom plate of the sick tortoise, the abdominal shell bone plate is exposed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: intramuscular gentamicin;
regularly patrolling the pond so as to comprehensively understand the growth conditions of the rice and the turtles, immediately fishing out the turtles when dead turtles appear in the field, deeply burying or incinerating the turtles, and timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles; the tools in the disease area and the tools in the healthy area are prevented from being used together, so that the cross infection of diseases is avoided; the prevention of rice field diseases and insect pests, such as rats, ants, weasels, hawks and the like, is well done, and the natural enemies have fatal damage to tortoise eggs and young turtles;
the rice diseases and insect pests are comprehensively controlled by combining physical control and biological control: planting or reserving flowering plants and weeds on the ridge of the field edge to provide a habitat for natural enemies; the fragrant rhizobia is a trap plant planted on ridges, so that borers can be effectively controlled; adopting sexual information to trap and kill; the pest trapper and the pest killing lamp are used for trapping and controlling;
s9: after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, draining water before harvesting to allow the turtles to enter a temporary culture pond, and fishing the turtles after the turtles are cultured for 3 years.
Example 4
An ecological breeding method of rice turtles comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 20 mu of field blocks with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage and no water leakage, and establishing escape-proof facilities around the rice field; a temporary turtle breeding pond with the area of 50 square meters is established in the planning area, the cross section of the temporary turtle breeding pond is in a trapezoidal shape, and a walking path with the width of 1 meter is established around the temporary turtle breeding pond and can be used for visiting and production, and can also be used as a spawning platform so that turtles can spawn; 5-10 ditches with the depth of 30-50 cm and the width of 40-60 cm are dug in the field, and a spawning platform with the length of 5 meters and the width of 1 meter is built in the center of the field block so that turtles can spawn eggs;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of (1) treating a rice field, namely breeding red duckweed and duckweed as plant feeds in advance in the rice field, and feeding pomacea canaliculata and loaches in advance in the rice field, so that aquatic animals can be continuously bred for turtles to freely feed, and the breeding cost is saved;
s3: the rice variety of the seventh flower fragrance is selected for planting, the planting density is 12000 holes/mu, the two varieties are replaced once every year for planting, and the seventh flower fragrance has good quality, yield and commodity value;
s4: after the rice is planted for 10-15 days, robust disease-free greenline turtles are placed after the roots of the rice are fixed, the greenline turtles have the advantages of cold resistance, relatively short growth period and good commercialization prospect, breeding is mainly carried out, and 120 turtles (200-300 g) are stocked per mu (the male-female ratio is 2: 1); mainly breeding commercial turtles, and putting 500 turtles (200-300 g) per mu which are harvested in 2-3 years;
s5: silver carps and bighead carps are thrown in each field, the silver carps and bighead carps can filter plankton in the feed water to play a role in purifying the water quality, and the micro-ecological preparation is adopted for adjusting when the water quality is seriously polluted; enhancing water quality management, keeping fresh water quality and sufficient dissolved oxygen, adding 1 time of fresh water every half month, and supplementing sufficient dissolved oxygen to the water body by using an aerator; the turtle feces are used as fertilizer in the whole process;
s6: the supplementary feed is regularly and quantitatively fed at fixed points every week, the special feed for turtles produced by a regular manufacturer is adopted to screen the variety and the feeding amount, fresh and live baits such as fish, liver, vegetables and the like which are fresh and pollution-free in a certain proportion (preferably not more than 30%) are added into the feed, the mixture is beaten into slurry and mixed with the compound feed for feeding, the internal organ function of the turtles is favorably adjusted and improved, insects and aquatic animals are fed in a rice field, the field weeds are also delicious plant feed of the turtles, and the feeding amount can be reduced; feeding 3 times per week in 4-5 months per year, preferably 1-2% of average body weight of tortoise; feeding for 6-8 months, 4 times per week, preferably 3-4% of average weight of tortoise; the amount of the Chinese tortoise is 1% of the average weight of the Chinese tortoise, and the Chinese tortoise is fed for 2 times per week for 9-10 months. The tortoise is in hibernation period from 11 months to 3 months in the second year without feeding
S7: managing in the field, arranging specially-assigned persons for management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every morning, noon and evening, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles;
s8: the common diseases of the rice field turtle breeding are as follows: red spots can be obviously seen on the abdomen of the disease tortoise, and when the disease tortoise is serious, the mouth and the nose bleed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the water quality clean, and adding antibiotics into the feed for feeding; the rotten skin disease, the skin of the four limbs, the tail, the neck and other parts of the disease tortoise has visible ulcer, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles, and soaking the sick turtles in 10ppm antibiotics for 48 hours; leukoderma, the four limbs, the skirt edge and other parts of the disease tortoise have the symptoms of leukoderma, epidermal necrosis and the like, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: washing with bleaching powder solution or salt water or soaking Amyda sinensis with radix Rhodiolae extract for treatment; the red bottom plate disease, red swelling or even rotting occurs on the abdominal shell bottom plate of the sick tortoise, the abdominal shell bone plate is exposed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: intramuscular gentamicin;
regularly patrolling the pond so as to comprehensively understand the growth conditions of the rice and the turtles, immediately fishing out the turtles when dead turtles appear in the field, deeply burying or incinerating the turtles, and timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles; the tools in the disease area and the tools in the healthy area are prevented from being used together, so that the cross infection of diseases is avoided; the prevention of rice field diseases and insect pests, such as rats, ants, weasels, hawks and the like, is well done, and the natural enemies have fatal damage to tortoise eggs and young turtles;
the rice diseases and insect pests are comprehensively controlled by combining physical control and biological control: planting or reserving flowering plants and weeds on the ridge of the field edge to provide a habitat for natural enemies; the fragrant rhizobia is a trap plant in the ridge, so that the borers can be effectively controlled; adopting sexual information to trap and kill; the pest trapper and the pest killing lamp are used for trapping and controlling;
s9: after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, before the rice is harvested, water is added to the rice to enable the turtles to enter a temporary rearing pond, and the turtles are harvested 3 years later after stocking.
Example 5
An ecological breeding method of rice turtles comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 20 mu of field blocks with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage and no water leakage, and establishing escape-proof facilities around the rice field; a temporary turtle breeding pond with the area of 50 square meters is established in the planning area, the cross section of the temporary turtle breeding pond is in a trapezoidal shape, and a walking path with the width of 1 meter is established around the temporary turtle breeding pond and can be used for visiting and production, and can also be used as a spawning platform so that turtles can spawn; 5-10 ditches with the depth of 30-50 cm and the width of 40-60 cm are dug in the field, and a spawning platform with the length of 5 meters and the width of 1 meter is built in the center of the field block so that turtles can spawn eggs;
s2: the method comprises the steps of treating the rice field, namely putting red duckweed and duckweed in the rice field in advance to serve as plant feeds, putting ampullaria gigas and loaches in the rice field in advance, enabling aquatic animals to be capable of continuously breeding and enabling turtles to freely feed, and saving raising cost;
s3: the rice variety good-aroma 2115 is selected for planting, the planting density is 12000 holes/mu, the two varieties are planted by replacing once every year, and the good-aroma 2115 quality, the yield and the commercial value are good;
s4: after the rice is planted for 10-15 days, robust disease-free greenline turtles are placed after the roots of the rice are fixed, the greenline turtles have the advantages of good cold resistance, relatively short growth period and good commercialization prospect, the breeding is mainly carried out, and 120 turtles (200 and 300 g) are placed in each mu (the male-female ratio is 2: 1).
S5: silver carps and bighead carps are thrown in each field, the silver carps and bighead carps can filter plankton in the feed water to play a role in purifying the water quality, and the micro-ecological preparation is adopted for adjusting when the water quality is seriously polluted; enhancing water quality management, keeping fresh water quality and sufficient dissolved oxygen, adding 1 time of fresh water every half month, and supplementing sufficient dissolved oxygen to the water body by using an aerator; the turtle feces are used as fertilizer in the whole process;
s6: the supplementary feed is regularly and quantitatively fed at fixed points every week, the special feed for turtles produced by a regular manufacturer is adopted to screen the variety and the feeding amount, fresh and pollution-free live baits such as fish, liver, vegetables and the like with a certain proportion (preferably not more than 30 percent of the weight of the feed) are added into the feed, the mixture is pulped and mixed with the compound feed for feeding, the internal organ function of the turtles is favorably adjusted and improved, insects and aquatic animals are arranged in the rice field for feeding the turtles, the field weeds are also delicious plant feed of the turtles, and the feeding amount can be reduced; feeding 3 times per week in 4-5 months per year, preferably 1-2% of average body weight of tortoise; feeding for 6-8 months, 4 times per week, preferably 3-4% of average weight of tortoise; feeding for 2 times per week (1% of average weight of the tortoise) in 9-10 months, and feeding for 3 months from 11 months to the second year.
S7: managing in the field, arranging special management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every day in the morning, in the middle and at night, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles;
s8: the common diseases of the rice field turtle breeding are as follows: red spots can be obviously seen on the abdomen of the disease tortoise, and when the disease tortoise is serious, the mouth and the nose bleed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the water quality clean, and adding antibiotics into the feed for feeding; the skin ulcer of the four limbs, the tail, the neck and other parts of the disease tortoise appears visible to naked eyes, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles, and soaking the sick turtles in 10ppm antibiotics for 48 hours; leukoderma, the four limbs, the skirt edge and other parts of the disease tortoise have the symptoms of leukoderma, epidermal necrosis and the like, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: washing with bleaching powder solution or salt water or soaking Amyda sinensis with radix Rhodiolae extract for treatment; the red bottom plate disease, red swelling or even rotting occurs on the abdominal shell bottom plate of the sick tortoise, the abdominal shell bone plate is exposed, and the prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps: intramuscular gentamicin;
regularly patrolling the pond so as to comprehensively understand the growth conditions of the rice and the turtles, immediately fishing out the turtles when dead turtles appear in the field, deeply burying or incinerating the turtles, and timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles; the tools in the disease area and the tools in the healthy area are prevented from being used together, so that the cross infection of diseases is avoided; the prevention of rice field diseases and insect pests, such as rats, ants, weasels, hawks and the like, is well done, and the natural enemies have fatal damage to tortoise eggs and young turtles;
the rice diseases and insect pests are comprehensively controlled by combining physical control and biological control: planting or reserving flowering plants and weeds on the ridge of the field edge to provide a habitat for natural enemies; the fragrant rhizobia is a trap plant in the ridge, so that the borers can be effectively controlled; adopting sexual information to trap and kill; the pest trapper and the pest killing lamp are used for trapping and controlling;
s9: after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, draining water before harvesting to allow the turtles to enter a temporary culture pond, and fishing the turtles after the turtles are cultured for 3 years.
In the embodiment, the most suitable planting density of the rice is 11000 holes/mu, wherein the yield per mu of the rice variety with good fragrance 2115 reaches 602 kg when the rice variety is planted, the yield per mu of the flower fragrance seven-grade planting reaches 623 kg, the yield per mu of the flower fragrance seven-grade planting is slightly higher than that of the fragrance 2115, but the pest control is difficult.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An ecological breeding method of rice turtles is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting 20 mu of field blocks with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and drainage and no water leakage, and establishing escape-proof facilities around the rice field; a temporary turtle breeding pond with the area of 50 square meters is established in the planning area, and a walking path with the width of 1 meter is established around the temporary turtle breeding pond; 5-10 ditches with the depth of 30-50 cm and the width of 40-60 cm are excavated in the field, and a spawning platform with the length of 5 meters and the width of 1 meter is built in the center of the field;
s2: treating the rice field, namely breeding red duckweed and duckweed as plant feeds in the rice field in advance, and putting ampullaria gigas and loaches in the rice field in advance;
s3: selecting rice variety of No. 2115 with good fragrance or No. seven flower fragrance for planting, wherein the planting density is 10000 holes/mu-12000 holes/mu, and the two varieties are replaced once a year for planting;
s4: after the rice is planted for 10-15 days, robust disease-free greenline turtles are placed after the roots of the rice are fixed, breeding is mainly carried out, and 120 turtles are placed in each mu; mainly raising commercial turtles, and putting 300 turtles and 700 turtles per mu for 2-3 years of effect recovery;
s5: silver carp and bighead carp are thrown in each field, and the micro-ecological preparation is adopted for regulation when the water quality is seriously polluted; enhancing water quality management, keeping fresh water quality and sufficient dissolved oxygen, adding 1 time of fresh water every half month, and supplementing sufficient dissolved oxygen to the water body by using an aerator; the turtle feces are used as fertilizer in the whole process;
s6: the supplementary feed is regularly and quantitatively fed at fixed points every week, the special feed for turtles produced by a regular manufacturer is adopted to screen the variety and the feeding amount, fresh and pollution-free live baits with a certain proportion are added into the feed, and the mixture of the fresh and live baits which are pulped and the compound feed is fed;
s7: managing in the field, arranging specially-assigned persons for management, recording on duty, insisting on patrol every morning, noon and evening, and carefully observing the growth condition of the turtles;
s8: and (3) pest control:
the common diseases of the rice field turtle breeding are as follows: the prevention and treatment method for red neck disease comprises the following steps: keeping the water quality clean, and adding antibiotics into the feed for feeding; the control method of the rotten skin disease comprises the following steps: timely carrying out isolation treatment on the sick turtles, and soaking the sick turtles in 10ppm antibiotics for 48 hours; the control method of the leukoderma comprises the following steps: washing with bleaching powder solution or salt water or soaking Amyda sinensis with radix Rhodiolae extract for treatment; the prevention and treatment method for red bottom plate disease comprises the following steps: intramuscular gentamicin;
regularly patrolling the pond, finding dead turtles in the field, immediately fishing out, deeply burying or incinerating, and timely carrying out isolation treatment on diseased turtles; preventing the tools in the sick area and the tools in the healthy area from being mixed; well preventing diseases and insect pests of the rice field;
planting or reserving flowering plants and weeds on the ridge of the field edge; planting and trapping the vetiver grass on the ridge; adopting sexual information to trap and kill; the pest trapper and the pest killing lamp are used for trapping and controlling;
s9: after the rice is mature, mechanically or manually harvesting, draining water before harvesting to allow the turtles to enter a temporary culture pond, and fishing the turtles after the turtles are cultured for 3 years.
2. The ecological breeding method of rice turtles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological breeding method comprises the following steps: the cross section of the temporary turtle rearing pond in the S1 is in a ladder shape.
3. The ecological breeding method of rice turtles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological breeding method comprises the following steps: the planting density in S3 is 11000 holes/mu.
4. The ecological breeding method of rice turtles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological breeding method comprises the following steps: the male-female ratio of 120 medium turtles bred per mu in S4 is 2:1, and the medium turtles are 200-300 g.
5. The ecological breeding method of rice turtles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological breeding method comprises the following steps: insects, aquatic animals and field weeds in the S6 paddy fields are used for feeding turtles, and the feeding amount can be reduced.
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