CN114097458A - Apple shaping and trimming method - Google Patents
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- CN114097458A CN114097458A CN202110716398.9A CN202110716398A CN114097458A CN 114097458 A CN114097458 A CN 114097458A CN 202110716398 A CN202110716398 A CN 202110716398A CN 114097458 A CN114097458 A CN 114097458A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000219998 Philenoptera violacea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000037488 Coccoloba pubescens Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for shaping and pruning apples, which comprises the following steps of dwarfing closely planted trees and arbor cultivation trees. The application of the pruning technology can not only improve the coloring speed of the coloring period of the apple, obviously improve the content of soluble solid matters of the fruit, promote the formation and differentiation of flower buds, improve the fullness and stress resistance of the flower buds, play a role in the appearance quality and the smoothness of the fruit, ensure small fruit points after the fruit is used, tender fruit peels and bright color, but also has the advantages of quick moisture dissipation, good ventilation and light transmission, reduced dosage and reduced disturbance of adverse environment, is very important for improving the yield of the apple and improving the quality of the fruit, can be applied to pruning of different varieties and tree shapes, and promotes the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement of the fruit tree industry and the income increase of farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree planting, and particularly relates to a method for shaping and trimming apples.
Background
The inland area where the original apple is strongly sunshine is a photopic fruit tree. The annual sunshine hours in major producing areas of apples at home and abroad are about 2000 hours, and the monthly average sunshine hours in three key periods of a fruit growth development period, a coloring period and a mature period are 150-200 hours. In the growing season, illumination is the most important factor affecting photosynthesis, and the net photosynthetic product in the weak-illumination weather is only about 25% of that in a sunny day. The photosynthetic products are the basis for fruit set, fruit growth and development and quality development. Within a certain range, the stronger the illumination, the higher the fruit setting rate, the larger the fruit, the better the coloring and the quality.
The problems of improper trimming, low tree body management technology and closed orchard frequently exist in the existing orchard, particularly a vigorous orchard, the light path is not smooth due to improper trimming, the coloring of fruits is poor along with the aggravation of the closed orchard degree, big fruits are reduced, the specific gravity of the fruit cores is increased, the quality is reduced, and therefore the daily operation of the orchard and the improvement of economic benefits are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for shaping and trimming apples, and solves the problems that the light path is not smooth, the coloring of fruits becomes worse, the number of big fruits is reduced, the specific gravity of the fruit cores is increased, the quality is reduced along with the increase of the canopy closure degree of an orchard, and the daily operation of the orchard and the improvement of economic benefits are seriously influenced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for shaping and pruning apples comprises the following steps:
s1: dwarfing the close planting tree body:
a1: planting in the first year: after planting, fixing a trunk at a full bud with proper height, carrying out bud carving treatment on the trunk, combining water and fertilizer management, pest control and branch pulling technology in growing season, enabling a nursery stock to grow robustly to winter, trimming a tree body before and after spring, cleaning a tip, keeping the trunk and side branches extending in a single shaft manner, enabling the whole tree body to be the same as apple leaves in shape from all directions, wherein the trunk is a 'leaf stalk', the central trunk and the side branches are 'leaf veins', and thinning or leaving and updating the overlong and dense side branches.
A2: planting for two years and later: after the bearing branches germinate on the lateral branches, pruning is carried out to ensure that each lateral branch is similar to an apple leaf except for ensuring the integral leaf shape of the tree body, the base parts of the lateral branches are leaf stalks, the lateral branches and the bearing branches thereon are leaf veins, the pruning is mainly to clean tips, extend the lateral branches along a single shaft, the lengths and the densities of the bearing branches on the lateral branches are distributed and arranged according to the leaf shape, and if the lateral branches are too long and too dense, peg thinning or peg remaining updating is carried out.
S2: arbor cultivation tree body:
b1: trunk type tree body: pruning is carried out according to the pruning mode of the dwarf tree.
B2: trunk-free tree body: each main branch is taken as a leaf, the whole branch is required to be sharp and full, the base part of the main branch is taken as a leaf stalk, the fruit branch cranes are uniformly and reasonably arranged according to the thickness ratio of the branch in the middle and are taken as leaf veins to be uniformly distributed in a crossed mode, various fruit branch cranes growing on the fruit branches are also distributed according to the shape of small tree leaves, a single shaft extends straightly and straightly, and the branches are self-explanatory and do not influence each other, and the fruit function of the branches is exerted autonomously. Big, medium and small branch hangers distributed according to the vein shape, branches and branches are exposed to the sun, fruits are exposed to light, leaves and leaves are effective, flower buds on various fruit branch hangers are distributed, the medium and short fruit branch fruits are taken as main fruits, and flower branches are used for fruiting.
Preferably, when the trunk is bud-carved in the step A1, the bud-carving process is carried out from the trunk to the ground by more than 1 m, and the tip is not carved by 20 cm.
Preferably, when bud carving treatment is carried out on the trunk in the step A1, a germinant is required to be smeared at the bud carving position to promote germination of lateral branches.
Preferably, the length of the base of the side branch in the A2 step is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, in the step B2, the branch with the head is extended uniaxially, multiple branches of the head are cleaned, the interior of the branch is restrained, the front part and the back part are thinned, the front and back growth potential difference is balanced, and the result part is concentrated at the base part of the middle and back bone branch.
Preferably, when the base part of the main branch in the step B2 is used as a petiole, a light band about 30 centimeters is required to be reserved, so that direct sunlight can be reduced from the top to the bottom, and the inner bore of the tree body can be transparent to light from top to bottom.
Preferably, in the step B2, the small branch cranes with the thickness of 0.5 to 1 cm are provided with 5 to 10 flower buds which are arranged at intervals of 20 cm, the middle branch cranes with the thickness of 1.1 to 1.5 cm are provided with 10 to 15 flower buds which are arranged at intervals of 40 cm, the large branch cranes with the thickness of 1.6 to 2.5 cm are provided with 15 to 20 flower buds which are arranged at intervals of 60 cm, all the flower buds are obliquely grown and droop, and the large, medium and small crosses are reasonably arranged at intervals.
Preferably, the length of the resultant flowering branch in the step B2 is 3-15 cm, and short peg needs to be left for updating in the flowering branches exceeding 20 cm, so that the branches and strong flowers are promoted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the leafy whole branch of the fruit tree is also called bionic pruning, which overturns and changes the traditional pruning mode existing in the fruit tree pruning for many years, the leafy whole branch is just like cutting the fruit tree into apple leaves as the name implies, so that the light energy can be obtained to the maximum extent, the fruit tree is in line with the natural, respectful and natural, the nature is transformed, and the fruit tree is natural, thereby the growth result rule of the fruit tree is met, the practical, practical and effective application basis is provided for the high yield, high quality, stable yield and high efficiency of the fruit tree, and the immeasurable economic value is created for the high-efficiency production of the fruit industry.
2. The growth form of leaves of a fruit tree is a product which conforms to the nature for hundreds of years, a modern fruit industry technical team observes, investigates and argues through years of observation, contrasts and identifies, and the fruit tree yield is formed, wherein the growth form of the leaves actually comprises photosynthetic products, photosynthetic area, photosynthetic capacity and photosynthetic time, the reasonable distribution and utilization of the photosynthetic products is the core of leaf-shaped pruning, the growth form of the leaves is that the leaves are 'wide in the middle of the outer tip and the inner tip, long and middle in the crossed veins', thin and dense in the outer tip and the inner tip, thin and dense in the upper part and the lower part, thin and dense in the large branches, thick and small branches, plump in the outer tip and plump in the upper tip, light is introduced into the chamber, so that the inside and the outside of the tree body are illuminated, the illumination of each part can be ensured to be three hours per day, the bore of the crown is 30% of light spots, the reasonable light can achieve three-dimensional result, and the defects of traditional top-level, bottom-level, outside and inside-level results are moved outwards, and surface results are overcome.
3. The application of the pruning technology can not only improve the coloring speed of the coloring period of the apples, remarkably improve the content of soluble solids of fruits, promote the formation and differentiation of flower buds, improve the fullness degree and stress resistance of the flower buds, play a role in the appearance quality and the smoothness of the fruits, ensure small fruit points after the fruits are used, tender fruit peels and bright color, but also has the advantages of quick moisture dissipation, good ventilation and light transmission, reduction of the dosage and reduction of the disturbance of adverse environment, great importance in the improvement of the yield and the improvement of the quality of the apples, application to the pruning of different varieties and tree shapes, and promotion of the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement of the fruit tree industry and the income increase of farmers.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for shaping and pruning apples comprises the following steps:
s1: dwarfing the close planting tree body:
a1: planting in the first year: after planting, fixing a trunk at a plump bud position with a proper height, carrying out bud carving treatment on the trunk, when carrying out bud carving treatment on the trunk, carving buds from the trunk to the ground by more than 1 m, keeping a tip for 20 cm, when carrying out bud carving treatment on the trunk, coating a branching element at the bud carving position to promote lateral branches to germinate, combining water and fertilizer management, pest control and branch pulling technology in growing seasons to enable the nursery stock to grow robustly to winter, trimming a tree body before and after spring, cleaning the tip, keeping the trunk and the lateral branches to extend along a single axis, enabling the whole tree body to be the same as apple leaves in shape from all directions, wherein the trunk is a 'leaf stalk', the central trunk and the lateral branches are 'leaf veins', and thinning or keeping the excessive and dense lateral branches for updating.
A2: planting for two years and later: after the bearing branches germinate on the lateral branches, trimming is carried out to ensure that each lateral branch is similar to an apple leaf except for ensuring the integral leaf shape of the tree body, the base parts of the lateral branches are leaf stalks, the length of the base parts of the lateral branches is 20-30 cm, the lateral branches and the bearing branches thereon are leaf veins, trimming mainly comprises cleaning tip heads, extending the single shafts of the lateral branches, distributing and arranging the length and density of the bearing branches on the bearing branches according to the leaf shape, and thinning or leaving peg columns for updating when the lateral branches are too long and too dense.
S2: arbor cultivation tree body:
b1: trunk type tree body: pruning is carried out according to the pruning mode of the dwarf tree.
B2: trunk-free tree body: each main branch is taken as a blade, the pruning is required to be plump in the outer tip, the branch with the head is extended along a single shaft, a plurality of branches with the head are cleaned, the outer nutrition is inhibited, the front and back are thinned, the front and back growth potential difference is balanced, the fruiting part is concentrated at the base part of the middle and back bone trunk branch, the base part of the main branch is taken as a 'leaf handle', a light band about 30 cm is required to be reserved when the base part of the main branch is taken as the 'leaf handle', direct sunlight falls from the sky to ensure that the upper and lower light of the bore of the tree body is transparent, the middle fruiting part is reasonably and uniformly distributed according to the thickness ratio of the branches to obtain a fruiting branch crane which is taken as a 'leaf vein', the branches are uniformly distributed in a crossed manner, the small branch crane with the thickness of 0.5 to 1 cm is arranged on the small branch crane, 5 to 10 buds are grown on the small branch crane, the middle branch crane is arranged according to 20 cm, the middle branch crane with the thickness of 1.1.1 to 1.5.5 cm is grown on the middle branch crane, 10 to 15 buds are grown on the small branch crane, and are arranged according to 40 cm, the branches are arranged at intervals of 60 cm, all branches are obliquely descended, large, medium and small intersections are reasonably arranged according to the distance, various bearing branch cranes growing on the bearing branches are also distributed according to the shape of small tree leaves, and are uniformly and straightly extended along a single axis, are independent from each other, do not influence each other, and independently play the function of bearing. Big and small branch hangers distributed according to leaf vein shapes, branches and branches are exposed to the sun, fruits are exposed to light, leaves and leaves are effective, flower buds on various kinds of fruiting branch hangers are distributed, the fruiting is mainly carried out on the medium and short fruit branches, the flower branches are subjected to fruiting, the length of the fruiting flower branches is 3-15 cm, short pegs are left on the flower branches exceeding 20 cm for updating, and strong branches and flowers are promoted.
In the embodiment, the leafy branches of the fruit trees are also called bionic pruning, which subverts and changes the traditional pruning mode existing in the fruit tree pruning for many years, the leafy branches are as the same as the apple leaves as the fruit trees are pruned, so that the light energy is obtained to the maximum extent, the leafy branches conform to the nature, respect the nature, reform the nature and naturally, thereby conforming to the growth result law of the fruit trees, providing practical, practical and practical application basis for the high yield, high quality, stable yield and high efficiency of the fruit trees, creating immeasurable economic value for the high-efficiency production of the fruit industry, the leaf growth form of the fruit trees conforms to the products of the nature for hundreds of years, the modern fruit industry technical team inspects and researches the photosynthetic theory through years, contrasts and identifies the composition of the fruit tree yield, which is actually the photosynthetic products, the area, the photosynthetic capacity and the time, and the reasonable distribution and the utilization of the photosynthetic products are the core of the leafy branches, the growth forms of the leaves are that the outer tip and the inner tip are wide in the middle, the crossed leaf veins are long and middle, the outer part is thin and the inner part is dense, the upper part is thin and the lower part is dense, the outer tip is dense, the upper part is sharp and the lower part is dense, the light is introduced into the chamber, the inside and the outer part of the tree body are illuminated, the illumination of each part can be guaranteed for three hours every day, the chamber in the crown is illuminated, the inner chamber has 30 percent of light spots, the reasonable light is used for achieving the three-dimensional result, the defects of the traditional upper strength, the lower strength, the outer strength, the inner strength, the result is moved outwards and the surface layer result are overcome, the final tree form is that each main branch is respectively a large leaf, the middle leaf and the small leaf are hung on the large leaf in a staggered mode, a complete large leaf sleeve branch trimming mode is formed, a complete large tree is formed, the large leaf form is not lack of light, the light is reasonably used, the three light paths of the upper light and the side light are coordinated, the three paths of the three paths are labor-path, the water path is saved, the water path is trimmed, and the trimming is finished, Simple, efficient and convenient to master.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: for the dwarf and dense-planted tree body, in the first year of planting, after planting, fixing the trunk at a plump bud with a proper height, and carrying out bud carving treatment on the trunk at a distance of more than 1 m from the ground or spot-coating a branching element to promote lateral branch germination, wherein a tip is left for 20 cm without carving; combining technologies such as water and fertilizer management, pest control and branch pulling in growing seasons, enabling nursery stocks to grow robustly to winter, pruning tree bodies before and after spring, cleaning tips, keeping single-axis extension of main branches and side branches, achieving the purpose that the whole tree body looks like apple tree leaf shapes from all directions, wherein the main branches are 'leaf stalks', the central branches and the side branches are 'leaf veins', and the overlong and dense side branches are thinned or left for peg tree planting updating, and when planting for two years or later: after the bearing branches germinate on the side branches, trimming is carried out to ensure that each side branch is similar to an apple leaf except that the integral leaf shape of the tree body is ensured, the base parts of the side branches are leaf stalks, 20-30 cm is generally reserved, the side branches and the bearing branches on the side branches are leaf veins, trimming mainly comprises cleaning the tips, extending the side branches along a single axis, arranging the lengths and densities of the bearing branches on the side branches according to the leaf shape, thinning or keeping the pegs for updating if the side branches are too long and too dense, trimming the vigorous cultivation tree body by adopting a trunk type tree body according to a trimming mode of a dwarfing tree, trimming the trunk type tree body according to the following method if the trunk type tree body is a single-axis aged tree and adopts no main tree trunk type such as three main branches or open core type, and the like, trimming the trunk type tree body can be carried out according to the following method, each main branch can be used as a leaf for the vigorous big tree without trunk, the whole branch is required to be full in the tip, the branch with the head is extended, and the branches are cleaned, inhibit exterior and nourish interior, balance the difference in the front and back growth after being thinned and strengthened, and concentrate the fruiting part at the base of the middle and back bone trunk branches. The base of the main branch is used as a 'petiole', a light band with a thickness of about 30 cm is left, direct sunlight falls from the top to the bottom, the bore of the tree body is transparent to light from the top to the bottom, the fruit branch cranes are uniformly and reasonably arranged according to the thickness ratio of the branches and are used as 'vein', the small branch cranes are uniformly distributed in a crossed manner and have the thickness of 0.5-1 cm, on which 5 to 10 flower buds are planted, arranged at intervals of 20 cm, the thickness of the middle branch is 1.1 to 1.5 cm, then 10 to 15 flower buds are planted on the flower buds and arranged at intervals of 40 cm, the thickness of the big branch is 1.6 to 2.5 cm, 15 to 20 flower buds are planted on the bearing branches, the flower buds are arranged at intervals of 60 cm, all the flower buds are obliquely planted and droop, large, medium and small branches are reasonably arranged according to distances, various bearing branch cranes planted on the bearing branches are also distributed according to the shape of small tree leaves, a single shaft extends straightly and straightly, and the bearing branches are independent and do not influence each other, and the bearing function is played autonomously. Big and medium branch hangers distributed according to leaf vein shapes, branches and branches are exposed to the sun, fruits are exposed to light, leaves and leaves are effective, flower buds on various kinds of fruiting branch hangers are distributed, the medium and short fruit branch fruiting mode is mainly used, 3-15 cm flower branch fruiting is performed, short pegs are left on over 20 cm flower branches for updating, the branches are promoted and strengthened, two sets of branch fruiting modes are implemented, the big and small years are overcome, and high-quality fruiting is achieved stably.
And in addition, 2018 and 2019, the effect test of the technical scheme is carried out, wherein the test group is pruned according to a patent method, the control group is managed according to the conventional management of fruit growers, the fertilizer and water management and the pest control are managed in a unified way, and the coloring speed, the soluble solid content and the number of flower buds of single lateral branches of the fruits at the mature period are continuously investigated two years after pruning and compared with the control group. The test and control groups were randomly investigated for 10 trees, with the following results:
the test process finds that the application of the pruning technology can not only improve the coloring speed of the coloring period of the apple, obviously improve the content of soluble solids of the fruit, promote the formation and differentiation of flower buds and improve the plumpness and the stress resistance of the flower buds, but also has the effect on the appearance quality and the smoothness of the fruit, the fruit points are small after the pruning technology is used, the fruit peel is tender, the color is bright, in addition, the orchard is quick in moisture dissipation and good in ventilation and light transmission after the pruning technology is applied, the dosage can be reduced, the disturbance of adverse environment can be relieved, the technology is very important for improving the yield of the apple and improving the quality of the fruit, and the technology can be applied to the pruning of different varieties and tree shapes, and can promote the quality improvement and the efficiency of the fruit tree industry and the income increase of farmers.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for shaping and pruning apples is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: dwarfing the close planting tree body:
a1: planting in the first year: after planting, fixing a trunk at a full bud with proper height, carrying out bud carving treatment on the trunk, combining water and fertilizer management, pest control and branch pulling technology in growing season, enabling a nursery stock to grow robustly to winter, trimming a tree body before and after spring, cleaning a tip, keeping the trunk and side branches extending in a single shaft manner, enabling the whole tree body to be the same as apple leaves in shape from all directions, wherein the trunk is a 'leaf stalk', the central trunk and the side branches are 'leaf veins', and thinning or leaving peg for updating the overlong and over-dense side branches;
a2: planting for two years and later: after the bearing branches germinate on the lateral branches, pruning is carried out, except that the integral 'leaf shape' of the tree body is guaranteed, each lateral branch is also guaranteed to be similar to one apple leaf, the base part of each lateral branch is a 'leaf stalk', the lateral branches and the bearing branches on the lateral branches are 'leaf veins', pruning mainly comprises cleaning tips, extending a single shaft of each lateral branch, arranging the lengths and the densities of the bearing branches on the lateral branches according to the leaf shape distribution, and thinning or keeping peg for updating if the lateral branches are too long and too dense;
s2: arbor cultivation tree body:
b1: trunk type tree body: pruning according to the pruning mode of the dwarf tree;
b2: trunk-free tree body: each main branch is taken as a leaf, the whole branch is required to be full of outer tips and inner parts, the base part of the main branch is taken as a leaf stalk, the fruit branch cranes are uniformly and reasonably arranged according to the thickness ratio of the branch in the middle and are taken as leaf veins to be uniformly distributed in a crossed manner, various fruit branch cranes growing on the fruit branches are also distributed according to the shape of small tree leaves, a single shaft extends straightly and straightly, and the branches are political and do not influence each other, and the fruit function of the branches is exerted autonomously; big, medium and small branch hangers distributed according to the vein shape, branches and branches are exposed to the sun, fruits are exposed to light, leaves and leaves are effective, flower buds on various fruit branch hangers are distributed, the medium and short fruit branch fruits are taken as main fruits, and flower branches are used for fruiting.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the apple pruning method comprises: when bud carving treatment is carried out on the trunk in the step A1, bud carving is carried out on the trunk from the ground more than 1 m away from the ground, and 20 cm of tip is left for not carving.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the apple pruning method comprises: when bud carving treatment is carried out on the trunk in the step A1, a shoot carving position needs to be coated with a germinant to promote lateral shoot germination.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the apple pruning method comprises: the length of the base of the lateral branch in the step A2 is 20-30 cm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the apple pruning method comprises: in the step B2, the branch with the head needs to extend along a single shaft, multiple branches of the head are cleaned, the interior is kept outside, after the front and the back are thinned, the front and the back growth potential differences are balanced, and the result part is concentrated at the base part of the middle and the back bone branch.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the apple pruning method comprises: and B2, when the base of the main branch is used as a petiole, a light band about 30 centimeters is required to be reserved, so that direct sunlight falls from the sky, and the inner bore of the tree body is transparent to light from top to bottom.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the apple pruning method comprises: and B2, arranging small branch cranes with the thickness of 0.5-1 cm, growing 5-10 flower buds on the small branch cranes at intervals of 20 cm, arranging middle branch cranes with the thickness of 1.1-1.5 cm, increasing 10-15 flower buds on the middle branch cranes, arranging large branch cranes with the thickness of 1.6-2.5 cm at intervals of 40 cm, growing 15-20 flower buds on the large branch cranes, arranging the flower buds at intervals of 60 cm, completely obliquely growing and hanging down, and reasonably arranging large, medium and small crosses at intervals.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the apple pruning method comprises: and B2, the length of the resultant flowering branch is 3-15 cm, and the flowering branch exceeding 20 cm needs to be updated by short peg, so that the branches and strong flowers are promoted.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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