CN112400627A - Single-vine-double-layer-six-melon light pruning cultivation method for crisp melons - Google Patents
Single-vine-double-layer-six-melon light pruning cultivation method for crisp melons Download PDFInfo
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- CN112400627A CN112400627A CN202011321477.1A CN202011321477A CN112400627A CN 112400627 A CN112400627 A CN 112400627A CN 202011321477 A CN202011321477 A CN 202011321477A CN 112400627 A CN112400627 A CN 112400627A
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- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 48
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009417 vegetative reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-vine-double-layer-six-vine light pruning cultivation method for crisp melons, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and comprises the steps of picking off all lateral vines when plants grow to 4 main leaves, reserving 1 main vine, reserving 3 sub vines as a first layer from the 2 nd section of the main vine, reserving 2-3 flower buds for each sub vine of the first layer, reserving 1 leaf in front of the melons and pinching and topping after pollination is completed and fruits grow to the size of a thumb, reserving 3 sub vines on the upper layer of the main vine as a second layer, removing a grandparent vine and other lateral vines on the main vine in the period, pinching and topping the main vine; in the period, the first layer of fixed melons and the second layer of fixed vines are carried out simultaneously, after the fruits grow to the size of eggs, 1 robust fruit with basically consistent size is reserved on each vine, the rest fruits are removed, the second layer of vine is left as the first layer, and finally single vine, double layer and six melon trimming operation is finished, wherein the process only needs 5 times, and the whole pruning process can be finished; the invention can effectively improve the quality of the crisp melon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for improving quality and yield of crisp melons.
Background
The variety of the crisp melon and the thin-skin melon is popular with people due to the quality and flavor of the variety of the sweet, crisp and crisp. As the cultivating mode adopts the vine cultivation, the quality of the crisp fruits is always poor due to the improvement of the multiple cropping index, the influence of adverse weather conditions and the like. In recent years, as the facility cultivation area has increased, the demand for cultivation techniques has also increased. By adopting proper cultivation technology and environmental regulation measures, the original growth cycle of the crisp melon can be changed, the damage of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, and the influence of adverse weather conditions is avoided, so that high yield, high quality and high benefit are obtained.
In recent years, pruning technology affects the yield and quality of melons such as crisp melons, and different pruning methods and technologies exist for different varieties. However, the prior art has the following defects:
1. according to the method for pruning and keeping fruits of muskmelon, the muskmelon plant is cultivated by hanging vines, 3 lateral vines and 2 fruits are reserved in the pruning, and the method can lead to the fact that the quality of single fruit of the muskmelon is high but the overall yield is low in the pruning during the cultivation of the muskmelon.
2. According to the 'high-yield cultivation method of melons', greenhouse field vine cultivation is adopted, double vines are pruned, and 8-10 fruits are reserved.
3. According to the 'melon remaining and pruning method for prolonging the growing period of the thin-skin melon', the thin-skin melon adopts a multi-vine multi-fruit pruning mode, and the method can cause the quality of single fruit of the crisp melon to be small and the quality to be poor in the crisp melon cultivation pruning.
4. According to the research on pollution-free early-maturing cultivation technology of the crisp melons, a mode of pinching main lateral vines and fruiting sun vines is mainly adopted, pinching treatment needs to be carried out frequently by manpower, the main lateral vines and the sun vines need to be distinguished, and therefore labor cost is increased, trouble is wasted, labor is wasted, and the like.
In the existing technical process of facility cultivation of the crisp melons, the commonly used pruning and melon-reserving method has many defects, and the adjustment on the vegetative growth and reproduction of the crisp melons is not ideal, so that the problems of poor quality, low yield and the like of the crisp melons are caused; so far, no relevant reports are found on the time-saving, labor-saving, scientific and effective pruning technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a single-vine-double-layer-six-melon light pruning cultivation method for crisp melons, so as to solve the technical problems of poor seed quality and low yield in the crisp melon facility cultivation process in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a single-vine-double-layer-six-vine light pruning cultivation method for crisp melons, wherein crisp melon plants are cultivated by vine hanging, and the method further comprises the following steps:
step 1, when the plant grows to 4 main leaves, all lateral vines are picked off, and 1 main vine is reserved;
step 2, starting from the 2 nd section of the main vines, reserving 3 sub vines as a first layer;
step 3, reserving 2-3 flower buds of each subsidiary vine of the first layer, reserving 1 leaf in the front of the melon and pinching and topping after pollination is completed and the fruit grows to the size of the thumb, reserving 3 subsidiary vines of the upper layer of the main vine as the second layer, removing the grand vine and other side vines on the main vine in the period, and pinching and topping the main vine; in the period, the first layer of melon fixing and the second layer of vine fixing are carried out simultaneously;
step 4, after the fruits grow to the size of eggs, keeping 1 robust fruit with basically consistent size for each vine, removing the rest fruits, and keeping the melons in the second layer of vines as the first layer;
and 5, finishing the operations of single vine, double layer and six melon trimming finally, wherein the process only needs 5 times to finish the whole pruning process.
Further, the crisp melon of claim 1 is a "cavel crisp" specific to Pan-Pan region of Huanan city, Anhui province.
Further, the row spacing between plants was 150cm × 50 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the pruning cultivation technology for the crisp melons provided by the invention can effectively improve the quality of the crisp melons, simultaneously improve the yield of the crisp melons and shorten the mature period of the crisp melons; the method is simple in overall operation, labor-saving and time-saving, and labor-saving.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 'single vine-double layer-six melons' light pruning technology of the crisp melons.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Influence of different pruning modes on quality and yield of crisp melons
The Panji crisp melon cultivation varieties of 'cavel crisp', 'Huaixu No. 1', 'Nanlong' are adopted for facility vine hanging cultivation, and the plant spacing and the row spacing are 150cm multiplied by 50 cm.
Colonization begins on day 10/2.
The soil environment meets the environmental quality conditions of NY/T391 green food production places, the topography is flat, the irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the soil layer is deep; the facility adopts a standard steel frame plastic greenhouse with the span of 8m, the length of the plastic greenhouse is 33m, 3 ridges of each greenhouse are planted, and each ridge is 10 meters long.
Pruning mode 1: "Single vine-double layer-six melons"
(1) When the plant grows to 4 main leaves, all lateral vines are picked off, and 1 main vine is reserved;
(2) reserving 3 sub-vines as a first layer from the 2 nd section of the main vine;
(3) 2-3 flower buds of each subsidiary vine of the first layer are reserved, after pollination is finished and fruits grow to the size of a thumb, 1 leaf is reserved in front of the melon, pinching and topping are carried out, meanwhile, 3 subsidiary vines of the upper layer of the main vine are reserved as the second layer, the main vine and other side vines of the main vine in the period are removed, and pinching and topping are carried out on the main vine;
(4) after the fruits grow to the size of eggs, 1 robust fruit with basically consistent size is reserved in each vine, the rest fruits are removed, and the second layer of the vines are reserved as the first layer.
Pruning mode 2: 'double vine pruning, sun vine fruit setting'
Adopting double vines to prune, selecting and reserving sun vines and setting fruits.
(1) Pinching when the true leaves of the plant are 4-5;
(2) timing vines when the vines grow to 15cm, selecting two strong vines growing in a consistent manner, and removing the rest vines in time;
(3) topping the 14 th section of the subsidiary vines left and right;
(4) 4-5 developed grand vine squash are selected and reserved for each seed vine;
(5) 1 leaf of the Sizhi Sun vine is left behind the melon for pinching;
(6) and removing diseased fruits, deformed fruits and cracked fruits when the young melons grow to the size of eggs.
Pruning mode 3: three-vine pruning, multi-vine fruit setting "
(1) When the plant grows to five true leaves, picking off terminal buds of the plant;
(2) reserving 3-4 lateral vines;
(3) selecting and reserving 3 strong lateral vines without diseases and insect pests after the lateral vines grow to 40 cm;
(4) when the lateral vines grow to 80-120 cm, two lateral vines are selected to be kept for fruiting 2-3 fruit branches at 11-14 sections;
(5) two lateral vines are used as reproductive vines, the other lateral vines are used as nutritional vines, and 3 vines are hung by hanging ropes;
(6) when the fruit grows to egg size, 4-5 healthy fruits with correct fruit shape, no plant diseases and insect pests and basically consistent size are respectively selected and reserved on the two reproductive vines, and the rest fruits are picked off.
Pruning mode 4: not pruning branches
The growth process is not pruning.
After the four types of fruits are ripe, the quality and yield of the fruits are analyzed, and the specific analysis results are as follows:
TABLE 1 influence of different pruning modes of facility cultivation on the yield and quality of 'sheep horn crisp' melon
TABLE 2 influence of different pruning modes of facility cultivation on yield and quality of Huai crisp No. 1 crisp melon
TABLE 3 influence of different pruning modes of facility cultivation on the yield and quality of 'Nanlong' crisp melon
From tables 1-3, it can be seen that the pruning technology of single vine-double layer-six melons can significantly improve the yield and quality of different varieties of the crisp melons, shorten the mature period of the crisp melons and reduce the pruning times.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A single-vine-double-layer-six-vine light pruning cultivation method for crisp melons is characterized in that vine hanging cultivation is adopted for crisp melon plants, and the method further comprises the following steps:
step 1, when the plant grows to 4 main leaves, all lateral vines are picked off, and 1 main vine is reserved;
step 2, starting from the 2 nd section of the main vines, reserving 3 sub vines as a first layer;
step 3, reserving 2-3 flower buds of each subsidiary vine of the first layer, reserving 1 leaf in the front of the melon and pinching and topping after pollination is completed and the fruit grows to the size of the thumb, reserving 3 subsidiary vines of the upper layer of the main vine as the second layer, removing the grand vine and other side vines on the main vine in the period, and pinching and topping the main vine; in the period, the first layer of melon fixing and the second layer of vine fixing are carried out simultaneously;
step 4, after the fruits grow to the size of eggs, keeping 1 robust fruit with basically consistent size for each vine, removing the rest fruits, and keeping the melons in the second layer of vines as the first layer;
and 5, finally finishing the operations of single vine, double layer and six melon treatment.
2. The cultivation method of claim 1, wherein the plant-row spacing between plants is 150cm x 50 cm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114557241A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-31 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for improving ratio of female flowers of crisp melon |
| CN114946563A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-30 | 时创农业(上海)股份有限公司 | Pruning method for improving yield and quality of greenhouse cultivation of netted melons |
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| SU1639492A1 (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1991-04-07 | Д.А. Абилов | Method of acceleration of fruit ripening of melon crops |
| CN103650894A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-03-26 | 宁夏塞上江南农业科技有限公司 | Vine hanging cultivation pruning method for greenhouse muskmelons |
| CN110214648A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-10 | 山东三木现代种业有限公司 | It is a kind of to extend Melon growth period and stay melon pruning method |
| CN110663466A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-10 | 六安市裕安区荣伟蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method of sheep horn shortbread |
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2020
- 2020-11-23 CN CN202011321477.1A patent/CN112400627A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1639492A1 (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1991-04-07 | Д.А. Абилов | Method of acceleration of fruit ripening of melon crops |
| CN103650894A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-03-26 | 宁夏塞上江南农业科技有限公司 | Vine hanging cultivation pruning method for greenhouse muskmelons |
| CN110214648A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-10 | 山东三木现代种业有限公司 | It is a kind of to extend Melon growth period and stay melon pruning method |
| CN110663466A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-10 | 六安市裕安区荣伟蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method of sheep horn shortbread |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114557241A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-31 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for improving ratio of female flowers of crisp melon |
| CN114557241B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-08-11 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for improving female flower proportion of crisp melon |
| CN114946563A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-30 | 时创农业(上海)股份有限公司 | Pruning method for improving yield and quality of greenhouse cultivation of netted melons |
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Application publication date: 20210226 |