CN112292956A

CN112292956A - Soil improvement method

Info

Publication number: CN112292956A
Application number: CN202011176378.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周文川
Original assignee: Dazhu Wankang Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
Current assignee: Dazhu Wankang Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-29
Filing date: 2020-10-29
Publication date: 2021-02-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil improvement method, digging a groove in a first field, inserting a plurality of rows of fixing nails into the groove, forming a square grid by four adjacent fixing nails, connecting planting dishes between the square grids, uniformly spreading nutrient medium in the planting dishes, filling the space of the planting dishes, after the nutrient medium is filled, stirring to fully mix the added nutrient medium, then pouring soil dug out from the groove back in sequence, burying the fixing nails and the planting dishes by soil, sowing seeds in the planting dishes added with the nutrient medium by a planting shovel, sowing different or same plant seeds in a plurality of planting dishes, marking the sowed seeds, sowing 4-6 seeds in each planting dish, watering the surface of the planted planting dish, watering for a small amount of times for the first time until the soil is saturated, replenishing water during the germination period and the growth period, the problem that the soil becomes barren after the plants are planted in the soil, so that the excellent plants are difficult to plant in the soil is solved.

Description

Soil improvement method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method, in particular to a soil improvement method.

Background

With the development of the edible fungus industry, a large amount of edible fungus waste materials are discharged and placed in the environment, the utilization rate of the waste mushroom sticks of the mushrooms at the present stage is extremely low, except that a small part of the waste mushroom sticks are applied to animal feeds, land fertilizers and circular cultivation, most of the waste mushroom sticks of the mushrooms are used as fuels or waste wastes, the waste mushroom sticks of the mushrooms are burned in a large amount and piled as wastes, bulk materials are washed by rainwater to pollute water resources, the environment is polluted, harmful small animals can be gathered, pathogenic microorganisms are propagated in a large amount, hidden dangers are brought to the healthy life of human beings, great harm is brought to the later-stage mushroom planting, and new threats are brought to the growth, moreover, the national land resources are over-developed and utilized, the large-area soil is in barren or even desertified to the wasteland where the grass is not grown, how to improve and what kind of modifier is adopted to improve becomes the difficult problem of agricultural development and garden green land construction nowadays.

After the mushroom sticks are soaked in water and irrigated, black sewage mixed with harmful substances flows out of the mushroom sticks and is discharged into a lake in a large amount, the natural environment is seriously polluted, the pollution of water quality seriously influences the mushroom quality and the yield of mushroom planting in the later period, the burning of the mushroom waste mushroom sticks not only seriously pollutes the environment but also brings a large amount of plant ash, the aqueous solution of the plant ash is faintly acid, the random discarding brings certain influence to the environment, and a large amount of waste is caused to resources.

Therefore, in view of the fact that the production of the mushrooms brings much pollution to the environment, a method for reducing the pollution of waste materials to the environment, reasonably utilizing resources and comprehensively treating the environment is needed, so that resource utilization is realized, the concept of comprehensively taking the mushroom from forest, land and forest and land is realized, an improved method is invented to bring good benefits to the ecology, the society, the economy and the environment, large-area popularization and long-term stable application are achieved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the water quality is purified and improved, and the comprehensive purification of the environment is facilitated; changing waste into valuable, and facilitating material acquisition; the physical and chemical properties of soil can be effectively improved, and the yield and the quality of crops are greatly improved; can effectively improve the fertility of soil, correspondingly reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce the production cost and improve the requirements of production conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that after plants are planted in the existing soil, the soil becomes barren, so that excellent plants are difficult to plant in the soil.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a soil improvement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: cleaning the field, cleaning garbage sundries and large gravels on the ground surface in the field, and properly flattening the field; s2: dividing the field of the step S1 into two parts, wherein one part is a first field, the other part is a second field, digging a groove in the first field, inserting a plurality of rows of fixing nails into the groove, forming a square grid by four adjacent fixing nails, connecting a planting dish between the square grids, wherein the planting dish is a conical dish, a plurality of hydrophobic holes are arranged on the planting dish, a sealing cavity is also arranged on the planting dish, the hydrophobic holes are positioned above the sealing cavity, and the bottom of the planting dish is in contact connection with the bottom of the groove; s3: uniformly spreading a nutrient medium in the planting dish in the step S2 to fill the space of the planting dish, wherein the nutrient medium formula is as follows: crushing mushroom stick waste: 600-800 parts of biochar soil: 400-600 parts of pond sludge: 300-500 parts, wheat bran: 200-300 parts of plant ash: 200-350 parts of water-retaining agent: 60-80 parts of a disinfectant: 0.4-0.6 parts of compound fertilizer: 12-14 parts of rooting powder: 1-3 parts; s4: after the nutrient medium is filled in the step S3, the added nutrient medium is fully mixed through stirring, then soil dug out from the grooves is sequentially poured back, the fixing nails and the planting dishes are buried through the soil, and the burying is stopped after the fixing nails are exposed out of the tops through the soil; s5: sowing the planting dishes added with the nutrient medium in the step S4 through a planting shovel, sowing different or same plant seeds in a plurality of planting dishes, marking the sowed seeds, and sowing 4-6 seeds in each planting dish, wherein the plant seeds are herbaceous plants; s6: and (5) watering the surface of the planting dish treated in the step S5, watering for a few times for the first time until the surface is saturated, and supplementing water during the germination period and the growth period of the seeds.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: after the existing soil is used for planting plants, the soil becomes barren, so that excellent plants are difficult to plant in the soil, and therefore, the soil needs to be subjected to additional fertilization treatment again, so that the soil becomes fertile, and the excellent plants are convenient to plant; the utilization rate of the existing fungus stick waste is extremely low, except that a small part of the existing fungus stick waste is applied to animal feed, land fertilizer and circular cultivation, most of the existing fungus stick waste is used as fuel or waste, the fungus stick waste is burned in a large amount and piled up as waste, scattered fungus stick waste is washed by rainwater and enters a water source to cause water resource pollution, and further causes a polluted environment, so that harmful small animals gather, pathogenic microorganisms breed in a large amount, hidden troubles are brought to the healthy life of human beings, great harm is brought to later mushroom planting, new threats are brought to the growth and breeding of animals and plants, the fungus stick waste is matched with biochar soil, pond sludge and wheat bran, other nutrient substances are added to prepare a nutrient medium, and the prepared fixing nails are connected with planting vessels among four adjacent fixing nails, so that the nutrient medium is added into the planting vessels, the fixing nail and the planting dish are covered by soil, so that the added nutrient medium serves as a base fertilizer for improving the soil, plants are planted in the soil conveniently, the planting dish is fixed through the fixing nail, the added nutrient medium is located in the planting dish, the added nutrient medium is prevented from being taken away by water flowing in the soil, the added nutrient medium is not used in the planted plants, and the effect of improving the soil is not achieved.

The seeds of the plants are planted above the planting dish, so that the added nutrient medium is enough for the plants to bloom and bear fruits from the seeds, the loss of the nutrient medium is avoided, the excessive water in the planting dish is conveniently discharged through the hydrophobic hole arranged above the planting dish, the death of the plants caused by the excessive water is avoided, the water is conveniently stored into the planting dish by the sealing cavity arranged below the planting dish, the water is conveniently provided for the plants through the water stored in the sealing cavity in the drought time period, so that the plants can normally grow, the fungus stick waste is used in the soil, the soil is conveniently improved, the resource utilization is realized, the concept of taking the fungus stick waste from the forest and the land and also taking the fungus stick waste from the forest and the land is realized, and the improvement method is invented to bring good benefits to the ecology, the society, the economy and the environment, the large-area popularization and long-term stable application are achieved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the water quality is purified and improved, and the comprehensive purification of the environment is facilitated; changing waste into valuable, and facilitating material acquisition; the physical and chemical properties of soil can be effectively improved, and the yield and the quality of crops are greatly improved; the fertility of soil can be effectively improved, the use of chemical fertilizers can be correspondingly reduced, the production cost is reduced, the requirement of production conditions is improved, and then the problem that after the soil is planted with plants, the soil becomes barren and the good plants are difficult to plant in the soil is solved.

Further, the preferred nutritional matrix formulation is: crushing mushroom stick waste: 700 parts, biochar soil: 500 parts, pond sludge: 400 parts, wheat bran: 150 parts, plant ash: 300 parts of water-retaining agent: 70 parts of a disinfectant: 0.5 part of compound fertilizer: 13 parts, rooting powder: 2 parts, screening out the optimal formula of the nutrient medium through a planting test, and further providing the optimal nutrient base fertilizer for plant planting.

Further, add the fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates after smashing in proper order, the biological charcoal soil after smashing, pond mud, the wheat bran for fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates, the biological charcoal soil after smashing, pond mud, the wheat bran intensive mixing is even, ferment together through the stack and make, add the plant ash after the stack fermentation, still need watering to mend moist in adding the plant ash and ploughing even in-process, through with fungus stick discarded object, the crushing back of biological charcoal soil, and then with fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates, the biological charcoal soil after smashing and pond mud, the abundant stirring of wheat bran, and then make fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates, the biological charcoal soil after smashing and pond mud, the wheat bran intensive mixing, and then add the plant ash and make the basic bed charge of preparation nutrition matrix.

Further, the method also comprises the following steps after the plant ash is added into the nutrient substrate: the finished product is prepared by sequentially carrying out high-temperature sterilization, disinfection and drying treatment and packaging, and the set high-temperature sterilization, disinfection and drying treatment is convenient for carrying out disinfection and sterilization treatment on the basic bottom material of the nutrient medium, so that the sterile nutrient medium bottom material is convenient to prepare.

Further, the nutrient medium further comprises the following steps after the plant ash is added: and sequentially adding 30 parts of sludge and flocculating agent of the domestic sewage treatment plant, sterilizing at high temperature, drying and packaging.

Further, vertical in bank's staple is in a straight line, horizontal in bank's staple also is in a straight line, the interval equals between the vertical adjacent staple in bank, the interval equals between the horizontal adjacent staple in bank, through being in a straight line with vertical in bank's staple, horizontal in bank's staple also is in a straight line, the interval equals between the vertical adjacent staple in bank, the interval equals between the horizontal adjacent staple in bank, and then be convenient for make four adjacent staples form a square, and then be convenient for fix the planting ware.

Further, the crushed material of the mushroom stick waste is obtained by crushing or smashing bagged mushroom stick waste to form mushroom stick granular material; the biological charcoal soil comprises dead branches and rotten leaves on the ground of the forest and black charcoal soil on the ground surface; the plant ash comprises plant ash generated by a mushroom culture medium sterilization and disinfection boiler and plant ash generated by a cooking bench.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. according to the soil improvement method, the planting dish is connected between four adjacent fixing nails through the arranged fixing nails, so that the nutrient medium is added into the planting dish, and then the fixing nails and the planting dish are covered by soil, so that the added nutrient medium is used as a base fertilizer for improving the soil;

2. the invention relates to a soil improvement method, which is characterized in that mushroom stick waste is matched with charcoal soil, pond sludge and wheat bran, and other nutrient substances are added to prepare a nutrient medium;

3. according to the soil improvement method, the mushroom stick waste is used in the soil, so that the soil is improved conveniently, resource utilization is realized, environmental pollution is reduced, water quality is purified and improved, and comprehensive purification of the environment is facilitated.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in side view.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-fixing nail, 2-square, 3-planting dish, 4-drainage hole and 5-sealing cavity.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

Example 1

The invention relates to a soil improvement method, which comprises the following steps as shown in figures 1-2: s1: cleaning the field, cleaning garbage sundries and large gravels on the ground surface in the field, and properly flattening the field; s2: dividing the field of the step S1 into two parts, separating one of the two parts by a partition plate to form a first field and the other part to form a second field, digging a groove in the first field, inserting a plurality of rows of fixing nails 1 into the groove, forming a square grid 2 by four adjacent fixing nails 1, connecting a planting dish 3 between the square grids 2, wherein the planting dish 3 is a conical dish, a plurality of hydrophobic holes 4 are arranged on the planting dish 3, a sealing cavity 5 is also arranged on the planting dish 3, the hydrophobic holes 4 are positioned above the sealing cavity 5, and the bottom of the planting dish 3 is in contact connection with the bottom of the groove; s3: uniformly spreading a nutrient medium in the planting dish 3 in the step S2, and filling the space of the planting dish 3, wherein the nutrient medium formula is as follows: crushing mushroom stick waste: 600-800 parts of biochar soil: 400-600 parts of pond sludge: 300-500 parts, wheat bran: 200-300 parts of plant ash: 200-350 parts of water-retaining agent: 60-80 parts of a disinfectant: 0.4-0.6 parts of compound fertilizer: 12-14 parts of rooting powder: 1-3 parts; s4: after the nutrient medium is filled in the step S3, the added nutrient medium is fully mixed by stirring, then the soil dug out from the groove is sequentially poured back, the fixing nail 1 and the planting dish 3 are buried by the soil, and the burying is stopped after the fixing nail 1 is exposed out of the top by burying the soil; s5: sowing the planting dishes 3 added with the nutrient medium in the step S4 through a planting shovel, sowing different or same plant seeds in a plurality of planting dishes 3, marking the sowed seeds, and sowing 4-6 seeds in each planting dish 3, wherein the plant seeds are herbaceous plants; s6: and (5) watering the surface of the planting dish 3 treated in the step S5 for the first time for a few times until the surface is saturated, and supplementing water during the germination period and the growth period of the seeds.

The specific implementation manner of this embodiment is: after the existing soil is used for planting plants, the soil becomes barren, so that excellent plants are difficult to plant in the soil, and therefore, the soil needs to be subjected to additional fertilization treatment again, so that the soil becomes fertile, and the excellent plants are convenient to plant; the utilization rate of the existing fungus stick waste is extremely low, except that a small part of the existing fungus stick waste is applied to animal feed, land fertilizer and circular cultivation, most of the existing fungus stick waste is used as fuel or waste, the fungus stick waste is burned in a large amount and piled up as waste, scattered fungus stick waste is washed by rainwater and enters a water source to cause water resource pollution, and further causes a polluted environment, so that harmful small animals gather, pathogenic microorganisms breed in a large amount, hidden troubles are brought to the healthy life of human beings, great harm is brought to later mushroom planting, new threats are brought to the growth and breeding of animals and plants, the fungus stick waste is matched with biochar soil, pond sludge and wheat bran, other nutrient substances are added to prepare a nutrient medium, and the prepared fixing nails are connected with planting vessels among four adjacent fixing nails, so that the nutrient medium is added into the planting vessels, the fixing nail and the planting dish are covered by soil, so that the added nutrient medium serves as a base fertilizer for improving the soil, plants are planted in the soil conveniently, the planting dish is fixed through the fixing nail, the added nutrient medium is located in the planting dish, the added nutrient medium is prevented from being taken away by water flowing in the soil, the added nutrient medium is not used in the planted plants, and the effect of improving the soil is not achieved.

Example 2

Based on example 1, as shown in fig. 1-2, the formulation of the nutritional matrix is as follows: crushing mushroom stick waste: 700 parts, biochar soil: 500 parts, pond sludge: 400 parts, wheat bran: 150 parts, plant ash: 300 parts of water-retaining agent: 70 parts of a disinfectant: 0.5 part of compound fertilizer: 13 parts, rooting powder: 2, add the fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates after smashing, the charcoal soil after smashing, pond mud, wheat bran in proper order for fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates, the charcoal soil after smashing, pond mud, wheat bran after the smashing intensive mixing is even, ferment together through the stack and make, add the plant ash after the stack fermentation, still need watering to mend moist at adding the plant ash and ploughing even in-process, still include the following step after the plant ash is added to the nutritive substrate: sequentially carrying out high-temperature sterilization, disinfection, drying treatment and packaging to obtain the finished product.

The specific implementation manner of this embodiment is: the preferred nutritional matrix formula is: crushing mushroom stick waste: 700 parts, biochar soil: 500 parts, pond sludge: 400 parts, wheat bran: 150 parts, plant ash: 300 parts of water-retaining agent: 70 parts of a disinfectant: 0.5 part of compound fertilizer: 13 parts, rooting powder: 2 parts, screening out the optimal formula of the nutrient medium through a planting test so as to provide the optimal nutrient base fertilizer for plant planting, sequentially adding crushed waste crushed materials of the fungus sticks, crushed biochar soil, pond sludge and wheat bran, the crushed material of the fungus stick waste, the crushed biochar soil, the pond sludge and the wheat bran are fully and uniformly stirred and are prepared by stacking and fermenting together, the plant ash is added after stacking and fermenting, watering and moistening are needed in the process of adding plant ash and turning and evenly ploughing, after the fungus stick waste and the biochar soil are crushed, further stirring the crushed material of the fungus stick waste, the crushed biochar soil, pond sludge and wheat bran fully, further mixing the crushed material of the fungus stick waste and the crushed biochar soil with pond sludge and wheat bran, and then adding plant ash to prepare a basic base material of the nutrient medium, wherein the nutrient medium further comprises the following steps after the plant ash is added: the finished product is prepared by sequentially carrying out high-temperature sterilization, disinfection and drying treatment and packaging, and the set high-temperature sterilization, disinfection and drying treatment is convenient for carrying out disinfection and sterilization treatment on the basic bottom material of the nutrient medium, so that the sterile nutrient medium bottom material is convenient to prepare.

Example 3

Based on the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-2, the nutritional matrix further comprises the following steps after adding plant ash: sequentially adding 30 parts of sludge and flocculating agent of a domestic sewage treatment plant, sterilizing at high temperature, drying and packaging, wherein the fixing nails 1 in rows longitudinally are positioned on a straight line, the fixing nails 1 in rows transversely are also positioned on a straight line, the intervals between the fixing nails 1 adjacent in rows longitudinally are equal, the intervals between the fixing nails 1 adjacent in rows transversely are equal, and the crushed material of the mushroom stick waste is formed by crushing or smashing bagged mushroom stick waste into mushroom stick granular material; the biological charcoal soil comprises dead branches and rotten leaves on the ground of the forest and black charcoal soil on the ground surface; the plant ash comprises plant ash generated by a mushroom culture medium sterilization and disinfection boiler and plant ash generated by a cooking bench.

The specific implementation manner of this embodiment is: the nutrient medium also comprises the following steps after the plant ash is added: sequentially adding 30 parts of sludge and flocculating agent of a domestic sewage treatment plant, sterilizing at high temperature, drying and packaging, wherein the longitudinal rows of fixing nails are positioned on the same straight line, the transverse rows of fixing nails are also positioned on the same straight line, the intervals between the longitudinal rows of adjacent fixing nails are equal, the intervals between the transverse rows of adjacent fixing nails are equal, and further, four adjacent fixing nails are conveniently formed into a square grid so as to conveniently fix a planting dish in bags, and crushed materials of mushroom stick waste are crushed or crushed to form mushroom stick particles; the biological charcoal soil comprises dead branches and rotten leaves on the ground of the forest and black charcoal soil on the ground surface; the plant ash comprises plant ash generated by a mushroom culture medium sterilization and disinfection boiler and plant ash generated by a cooking bench.

Example 4

Based on the above embodiments, the specific implementation manner of this embodiment is as follows: evenly spread nutrient medium in planting the ware, fill the space of planting the ware, fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates: 800 parts, biochar soil: 600 parts, pond sludge: 500 parts, wheat bran: 300 parts, plant ash: 350 parts of water-retaining agent: 80 parts of a disinfectant: 0.6 part, compound fertilizer: 14 parts of rooting powder: 3 parts of a mixture; after the nutrient medium is filled, the added nutrient medium is fully mixed by stirring, then soil dug out from the groove is sequentially poured back, the fixing nail and the planting vessel are buried by the soil, and the burying is stopped after the fixing nail is exposed out of the top by burying the soil; sowing the planting dishes added with the nutrient medium by a planting shovel, sowing 5 Chinese cabbage seeds in the first row of planting dishes, and marking the sown Chinese cabbage seeds; 5 pepper seeds are sown in the second row of planting dishes, and the sown pepper seeds are marked; sowing 5 eggplant seeds in the third row of planting dishes, and marking the sown eggplant seeds; watering the surface of the planting dish for the first time for a few times until the surface is saturated, and supplementing water during the germination period and the growth period of the seeds.

Example 5

Based on the above embodiments, the specific implementation manner of this embodiment is as follows: evenly spread nutrient medium in planting the ware, fill the space of planting the ware, fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates: 600 parts, biochar soil: 400 parts of pond sludge: 3000 parts, wheat bran: 200 parts of plant ash: 200 parts of water-retaining agent: 60 parts, a disinfectant: 0.4 part of compound fertilizer: 12 parts of rooting powder: 1 part; after the nutrient medium is filled, the added nutrient medium is fully mixed by stirring, then soil dug out from the groove is sequentially poured back, the fixing nail and the planting vessel are buried by the soil, and the burying is stopped after the fixing nail is exposed out of the top by burying the soil; sowing the planting dishes added with the nutrient medium by a planting shovel, sowing 5 Chinese cabbage seeds in a fourth row of planting dishes, and marking the sown Chinese cabbage seeds; 5 pepper seeds are sown in the fifth row of planting dishes, and the sown pepper seeds are marked; sowing 5 eggplant seeds in the sixth seed sowing and planting dish, and marking the sown eggplant seeds; watering the surface of the planting dish for the first time for a few times until the surface is saturated, and supplementing water during the germination period and the growth period of the seeds.

Example 6

Based on the above embodiments, the specific implementation manner of this embodiment is as follows: evenly spread nutrient medium in planting the ware, fill the space of planting the ware, fungus stick discarded object crushed aggregates: 700 parts, biochar soil: 500 parts, pond sludge: 400 parts, wheat bran: 150 parts, plant ash: 300 parts of water-retaining agent: 70 parts of a disinfectant: 0.5 part of compound fertilizer: 13 parts, rooting powder: 2 parts of (1); after the nutrient medium is filled, the added nutrient medium is fully mixed by stirring, then soil dug out from the groove is sequentially poured back, the fixing nail and the planting vessel are buried by the soil, and the burying is stopped after the fixing nail is exposed out of the top by burying the soil; sowing the planting dishes added with the nutrient medium by a planting shovel, sowing 5 Chinese cabbage seeds in a seventh row of planting dishes, and marking the sown Chinese cabbage seeds; sowing 5 pepper seeds in the eighth row of planting dishes, and marking the sown pepper seeds; sowing 5 eggplant seeds in the ninth seed sowing and planting dish, and marking the sown eggplant seeds; watering the surface of the planting dish for the first time for a few times until the surface is saturated, and supplementing water during the germination period and the growth period of the seeds.

Comparative example 1

After soil is loosened in the second field, rows of holes are dug, the distance between every two adjacent holes in the transverse direction is equal to the distance between every two adjacent planting dishes, the distance between every two adjacent holes in the longitudinal direction is equal to the distance between every two adjacent planting dishes, 5 Chinese cabbage seeds are sown in 1-3 rows of holes through the planting shovel, and the sown Chinese cabbage seeds are marked; sowing 5 pepper seeds in the 4-6 rows of pits by using a planting shovel, and marking the sown pepper seeds; sowing 5 eggplant seeds in the pits of 7-9 rows by using a planting shovel, marking the sown eggplant seeds, watering the pits for the first time, watering a small amount of the eggplant seeds for many times until the eggplant seeds are saturated, and replenishing water during the germination period and the growth period of the seeds.

In the embodiments 4 to 6, the germination time of the seeds of the Chinese cabbage planted in the

rows

1, 4 and 7 is shorter than the conventional time, the germination number is more than the conventional number, the time required for the seedlings of the Chinese cabbage to grow to a certain height is shorter than the conventional time, the maturation time of the Chinese cabbage is shorter than the conventional time, and the growth vigor of the Chinese cabbage is better than that of the conventional fruits of the Chinese cabbage; the pepper seeds planted in

rows

2, 5 and 8 of examples 4 to 6 germinated less than conventional times, the number of the germinated seeds was more than conventional, the time required for the pepper seedlings to grow to a certain height was less than conventional, the time required for the pepper fruits to ripen was less than conventional, the pepper fruits grew better than conventional pepper fruits, and the period for the pepper fruits to be produced was longer than conventional fruits; the eggplant seeds planted in 3, 6 and 9 rows of examples 4 to 6 germinated less than usual, the number of the germinated seeds was more than usual, the time required for the seedling of the eggplant to grow to a certain height was less than usual, the time required for the fruit of the eggplant to ripen was less than usual, the growth vigor of the fruit of the eggplant was better than that of the fruit of the conventional eggplant, and the period for producing the fruit of the eggplant was longer than that of the conventional fruit.

By observing and recording data from the beginning of sowing for the plants planted in the examples 4-6 and the comparative example 1, and carrying out analysis processing after carrying out average processing on the data, the sprouting time and the sprouting number of the plants are measured, the plants grow to a certain height, and the maturing time and the maturing vigor of the plants are measured, so that the cabbage sprouting time in the first producing area is faster, the sprouting number is more, the time from the seedling of the cabbage to the maturing of the cabbage is shorter, and the vigor and the volume of the cabbage are better; the time that obtains the hot pepper through the test data contrast and germinate in first place of production is faster, the number of sprouting is more, it is shorter to the time of hot pepper flowering from the hot pepper seedling, the growth vigor of hot pepper, the volume is better, the hot pepper fruit that hangs on the hot pepper branch is more, and then it is longer to make the time cycle of producing the hot pepper on the hot pepper branch still longer, it is faster to obtain the time that the eggplant germinated in first place of production through the test data contrast, the number of sprouting is more, it is shorter to the time of eggplant flowering from eggplant seedling, the growth vigor of eggplant, the volume is better, the eggplant fruit that hangs on the eggplant branch is more, and then still make the time cycle of producing the eggplant on the eggplant branch longer.

Through comparing test data, the method can be known that seeds of plants are planted above planting dishes, fungus stick waste is used in soil, so that the soil is convenient to be improved, resource utilization is realized, the concept of taking the plants from forest and land as well as forest and land is realized, an improvement method is invented to bring good benefits to ecology, society, economy and environment, large-area popularization and long-term stable application are achieved, environmental pollution is reduced, water quality is purified and improved, comprehensive purification of the environment is facilitated, waste is turned into wealth, material taking is facilitated, the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be effectively improved, the yield and quality of crops can be greatly improved, the fertility of the soil can be effectively improved, the use of chemical fertilizers can be correspondingly reduced, the production cost is reduced, the requirement of production conditions is improved, and further the problem that the soil becomes poor after the plants are planted in the soil is solved, making it difficult to grow good plants in the soil.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil improvement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: cleaning the field, cleaning garbage sundries and large gravels on the ground surface in the field, and properly flattening the field;

s2: dividing the field of the step S1 into two parts, separating one of the two parts by a partition plate to form a first field and the other part to form a second field, digging a groove in the first field, inserting a plurality of rows of fixing nails (1) into the groove, forming a square grid (2) by the four adjacent fixing nails (1), connecting a planting dish (3) between the square grids (2), wherein the planting dish (3) is a conical dish, a plurality of hydrophobic holes (4) are arranged on the planting dish (3), a sealing cavity (5) is also arranged on the planting dish (3), the hydrophobic holes (4) are positioned above the sealing cavity (5), and the bottom of the planting dish (3) is in contact connection with the bottom of the groove;

s3: uniformly spreading a nutrient medium in the planting dish (3) in the step S2, and filling the space of the planting dish (3), wherein the nutrient medium formula is as follows: crushing mushroom stick waste: 600-800 parts of biochar soil: 400-600 parts of pond sludge: 300-500 parts, wheat bran: 200-300 parts of plant ash: 200-350 parts of water-retaining agent: 60-80 parts of a disinfectant: 0.4-0.6 parts of compound fertilizer: 12-14 parts of rooting powder: 1-3 parts;

s4: after the nutrient medium is filled in the step S3, the added nutrient medium is fully mixed through stirring, soil dug out of the grooves is sequentially poured back, the fixing nails (1) and the planting dishes (3) are buried through the soil, and the burying is stopped after the fixing nails (1) are exposed out of the top through the soil;

s5: sowing the planting dishes (3) added with the nutrient medium in the step S4 by using a planting shovel, sowing different or same plant seeds in a plurality of planting dishes (3), marking the sown seeds, and sowing 4-6 seeds in each planting dish (3), wherein the plant seeds are herbaceous plants;

s6: and (5) watering the surface of the planting dish (3) treated in the step S5, watering for the first time for a few times until the surface is saturated, and supplementing water during the germination period and the growth period of the seeds.

2. A method of improving soil according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient medium is formulated as: crushing mushroom stick waste: 700 parts, biochar soil: 500 parts, pond sludge: 400 parts, wheat bran: 150 parts, plant ash: 300 parts of water-retaining agent: 70 parts of a disinfectant: 0.5 part of compound fertilizer: 13 parts, rooting powder: and 2 parts.

3. The method of improving soil according to claim 1, wherein the crushed waste pieces of mushroom sticks, the crushed biochar soil, pond sludge and wheat bran are sequentially added to the mixture, so that the crushed waste pieces of mushroom sticks, the crushed biochar soil, the pond sludge and the wheat bran are sufficiently stirred uniformly, the mixture is stacked and fermented, the mixture is added with plant ash after the stacking and fermentation, and water is added to supplement moisture during the process of adding the plant ash and turning uniformly.

4. A method of improving soil according to claim 1, wherein the addition of plant ash to the nutrient medium further comprises the steps of: sequentially carrying out high-temperature sterilization, disinfection, drying treatment and packaging to obtain the finished product.

5. A method of improving soil according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient medium further comprises the steps of, after adding the plant ash: and sequentially adding 30 parts of sludge and flocculating agent of the domestic sewage treatment plant, sterilizing at high temperature, drying and packaging.

6. A method of improving soil according to claim 1, wherein the nails (1) in longitudinal rows are aligned, the nails (1) in transverse rows are aligned, the nails (1) in adjacent longitudinal rows are equally spaced, and the nails (1) in adjacent transverse rows are equally spaced.

7. The soil improvement method according to claim 1, wherein the crushed material of the mushroom stick waste is a mushroom stick particle material obtained by crushing or pulverizing bagged mushroom stick waste; the biological charcoal soil comprises dead branches and rotten leaves on the ground of the forest and black charcoal soil on the ground surface; the plant ash comprises plant ash generated by a mushroom culture medium sterilization and disinfection boiler and plant ash generated by a cooking bench.