CN109429995A - A kind of raising rice seedlings matrix - Google Patents
A kind of raising rice seedlings matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429995A CN109429995A CN201811646772.7A CN201811646772A CN109429995A CN 109429995 A CN109429995 A CN 109429995A CN 201811646772 A CN201811646772 A CN 201811646772A CN 109429995 A CN109429995 A CN 109429995A
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- rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of raising rice seedlings matrix, using rice husk produced by during rice drying, after sufficiently decomposed, according to the volume proportion 40-50% of decomposed rice husk, Nutrition Soil volume proportion 60-50%, the two is uniformly mixed by blender, product is as seedling raising ground substance after mixing.Rice seedling well developed root system, the rhizome that this matrix is cultivated are sturdy, elasticity is good for rice shoot, small to the steel needle damage of rice transplanting when transplanting, and it is almost nil to leak the rate of inserting, and slow seedling is fast after rice transplanting, hair seedling is early.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of raising rice seedlings matrix, belong to technical field of crop cultivation.
Background technique
Rice is global staple food crop, and the whole world has 50% population using rice as staple food, and 90% Rice Production is from Asia
Continent.China is used as the second big country of world's Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area, the first great Chan rice state and country of consumption, and Rice Cropping is to world food
Safety has a very important significance.China's early stage Rice Cropping mode is live streaming, then develops into handwork transplant, until modern age
Gradually development is live streaming, rice transplanting, handwork transplant, transplanting various ways and the planting patterns deposited.Transplanting plantation is using height
Performance rice transplanter replaces the rice transplanting mode of Planting rice transplanting seedling, compared with conventional transplanting method, has saving of labor, time saving, province
The advantages that power, province rice seedling bed, planting high-quality, cost reduces, additional income.Moreover, transplanting is able to achieve the orderly of rice shoot
Distribution, can make full use of warm light resource, and there is the true quantitative management of rice precision convenient to carry out large area to balance volume increase advantage, high yield
Yield stability is good.Due to high working efficiency, economic benefit and scale and benefit, transplanting already becomes the certainty side of Rice Cropping development
To having great function to increasing farmers' income, ensureing China's grain security etc..
The traditional seedling-cultivation technique in China is crop field seedling, and when rice transplanting must carry out rice shoot and wash root transplanting, time-consuming of taking a lot of work, and seedling
Seedling is only suitable for planting by hand, and using transplanting, then plant injury is serious, poor effect.Modern times pass through study developed regions, seedling skill
Art improves to some extent, and producing the seedling-cultivation technique that upper transplanting mainly uses at present has floppy disk seedling, hard disk seedling, double film seedling-cultivation techniques
Deng also increasing relatively advanced industrial sprout cultivation on seedling raising method.China's the South and the North rice region seedling raising method is different, and the north is main
Based on the soil dry rice seedling of nonirrigated farmland, and south is then based on mud seedling.But southern and northern in transplanting seedling all there is many
The problem of, uneven sowing causes during seedling growth that illumination and aeration condition are different, and rice shoot growing way is irregular, generates machine transplanting of rice leakage
It inserts, hurt seedling, bridging and fluffy head;Crops for rotation linking with date of seeding discomfort causes the length of time rice seedlings grow too long or too short, and rice shoot is too short to be unfavorable for rice transplanter
Seedling claw grabs seedling, causes leakage to insert, seedling laying and drift seedling, and the length of time rice seedlings grow is too long, rice shoot aging, elongated, causes seedling laying, hurts seedling and hook seedling, is messy
It is scattered;Moisture and fertility are superfluous, the easy excessive growth of rice shoot, cause machine transplanting of rice seedling laying, hurt seedling and hook seedling;The native peracid of bed crosses alkali, rice shoot growing way
Frail, quality is poor;The blocked up excessively thin soil property of bed soil is bad, and blocked up, rice shoot root system is too long, and it is big to hurt seedling probability, plants rear rice shoot and returns
It is green slow, rice yield is influenced, excessively thin, rice shoot packing is poor, easily hurts seedling.These problems on transplanting influence be it is huge, therefrom
It causes machinery production and traditional agriculture inadaptable, makes to modernize rice mechanization plant production development difficulty.
Raising rice seedlings technology is the key link of machine rice transplantation technology, and seedling raising ground substance is then the core of seedling-cultivation technique, to water
Rice machinery production has an important influence.Good matrix can be conducive to the growth of plant, protect environment, have certain physics and chemistry
Property and biological stability mainly have bulk density, porosity, conductivity, pH and main to the physical and chemical shape that crop is affected
Nutrient N P and K, organic matter and beneficial edaphon etc..Currently, seedling raising ground substance it is raw materials used be roughly divided into biomass resource and
Two kinds of minerals resource.Biomass resource is that various nutrients needed for contained plant strain growth are sufficient in the matrix of raw material, no
It is easy to run off, has stronger retain water and nutrients ability, but stability is poor;And minerals resource is steady for the matrix chemical property of raw material
Fixed, water-permeable and air permeable is good, and retain water and nutrients ability is poor, has certain buffer capacity, but too loose, rice shoot is difficult to packing and does not fall;It is raw
The advantages of physical resources and minerals mixing resource mixed-matrix utilize heterogeneity very well carrys out complementary, guarantor sufficient with nutrient
The advantages that water fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, good permeability, strong buffer capacity.
Currently, China's machine-transplanted rice mainly uses Nutrition Soil seedling, although promoting China's rice mechanical transplanting to a certain extent
The development of seedling, but it is unfavorable for China's ecological environment destruction land resources, it not can be carried out being widely applied for rice planting technology.Matrix
Seedling is able to satisfy the requirement of rice seedling plugged in by machine as a kind of Novel sprout cultivation technology, and compared with ordinary nutritional soil seedling, matrix is educated
Seedling rice shoot is vertical, mechanical operability, disease pest and weed prevention and treatment, increasing both production and income, in terms of have significant advantage.Such as
What develops a reasonable matrix formulations, it is made to meet the requirement of nursery, and the selection and screening of matrix are very important one
Link.
The shortcomings that existing rice seedling raising ground substance, is: larger to the steel needle damage of rice transplanting when transplanting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of raising rice seedlings matrix.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, present invention provide the technical scheme that a kind of raising rice seedlings base
Matter, the preparation of decomposed, Nutrition Soil preparation and raising rice seedlings matrix including rice husk:
The decomposed of the rice husk includes: on water spray to rice husk heap, to carry out turning over rice husk heap during spray, so that rice husk heap
Rice husk it is moist, then cover rice husk heap with plastic film;After 20-30 hours, the plastic film is opened, is turning over rice husk heap
Straw decomposing inoculant and urea are spread to rice husk heap simultaneously, is uniformly mixed rice husk, straw decomposing inoculant and urea when turning over rice husk heap, then
Rice husk heap is covered with plastic film again, when rice husk is in dark brown, obtains decomposed rice husk;
The preparation of the Nutrition Soil includes: to dry to water content and be mountainous region fertile soil, decomposed good turfy soil or nonirrigated farmland soil
18-22% is sieved after being then mechanically pulverized with 4-5 ㎜ hole sizer;
The preparation of raising rice seedlings matrix: decomposed rice husk and Nutrition Soil are mixed according to the volume ratio of 40-50:60-50
It closes uniformly to get raising rice seedlings matrix.
Preferred technical solution are as follows: the straw decomposing inoculant of rice husk per ton is 2-3 kilograms.
Preferred technical solution are as follows: the amount of urea of rice husk per ton is 7-8 kilograms.
Preferred technical solution are as follows: the pH value of the Nutrition Soil is 4.5-6.5.
Preferred technical solution are as follows: Nutrition Soil prepares in autumn the previous year, in second year spring after the curing in winter
Sieving is mechanically pulverized.
Since above-mentioned technical proposal is used, the present invention has the advantage, that compared with prior art
Rice seedling well developed root system, the rhizome that raising rice seedlings of the invention are cultivated with matrix are sturdy, elasticity is good for rice shoot, transplanting
When it is small to the damage of the steel needle of rice transplanting, it is almost nil to leak the rate of inserting, and slow seedling is fast after rice transplanting, hair seedling is early.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this implementation
Content disclosed by example is understood other advantages and efficacy of the present invention easily.
The purpose of term used herein, which is only that, illustrates particular embodiment, it is not intended to be limited to the present invention.It removes
Non- context is explicitly shown, otherwise singular " one " used herein, "one" also include plural form.
When illustrating preferred embodiment, it is potentially based on clear purpose and uses special term;However, this specification institute
Revealer is not intended to be limited in the selected special term;And it is to be understood that each particular element includes having
Identical function, all equivalence techniques for operating in a similar manner and reaching similar effects.
A kind of embodiment 1: raising rice seedlings matrix
A kind of raising rice seedlings matrix, concrete operations include the following contents: the decomposed technology of rice husk, nutritive soil preparation process and rice
Seedling-cultivation technique process.
The decomposed techniqueflow concrete operations of the rice husk are as follows:
(1) preparation of rice husk
A, it according to the area for the rice of being produced, estimates the area of institute's seedling and needs the quantity of seedling disk, further according to every disk institute
The 0.25 kilogram of rice husk needed calculates the total amount of required rice husk;
B, it gets out the decomposed place of rice husk: according to the total amount of required rice husk, being ready to stack 0.5-0.6 meters high, 1.5 meters wide
Left and right hard place;
C, it gets out plastic film: being ready to that the plastic film of rice husk heap can be covered, old plastic film is good.
(2) preparation of stalk quick composting agent: the amount of 2.5 kilograms of straw decomposing inoculants is purchased according to rice husk per ton, is chosen excellent
The quick composting agent of matter;
(3) water spray rice husk is used;Along rice husk heap water spray rice husk, manually or mechanically turning while spraying, rice husk is filled
It point practices riding the waves wet, then covers rice husk heap with plastic film, spread straw decomposing inoculant and urea after two days again, rice husk per ton spreads 7.5 public affairs
Jin urea, manuallys or mechanically turning on one side spread while, and guarantee decomposing agent is stirred and evenly mixed with rice husk, then plastic membrane sealing is covered
Sufficiently fermentation.After one month, when rice husk is black hold back color when, illustrate that rice husk is sufficiently decomposed.
The nutritive soil preparation concrete operations are as follows:
(1) Nutrition Soil prepares.Nutrition Soil preferably prepares in autumn the previous year, by the curing in winter, second year spring machinery powder
Broken sieving;
A, Nutrition Soil preferably acquires mountainous region fertile soil, decomposed good turfy soil;If nonirrigated farmland can be acquired by not acquiring above-mentioned soil
Soil is as Nutrition Soil raw material.Coarse sand, finger stone or herbicide residue cannot be contained in soil, with anti-tamper rice transplanter components or shadow
Ring emergence.
B, to select the content of organic matter high when adopting soil, the soil of meta-acid.Take agric in 10-15 ㎝.
C, the soil of acquisition will be dried, after water content is reduced to 20% or so, be mechanically pulverized, then with 4-5 ㎜ hole sizer into
Row sieving, and keep properly, rain-proof, radix saposhnikoviae, with to be used.
(2) nutritive soil preparation.Different great soil groups are adjusted acid, are adjusted fertilizer, disinfection by proper proportion acquisition, sieving, mixing.It must
It must reach within the scope of the pH value 4.5-6.5 of soil;Not sand, not viscous clay earth or sandy loam;The content of organic matter is high, and soil property is dredged
Pine, permeability is good, and fertility is higher;Diameter of soil pellet accounts for 70% or more 2-5 ㎜'s, and 2 ㎜ are below to account for 30% or less;Nutrient tune
Section is suitable for that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements are various;Bed soil will pass through disinfection, germ of going out, not have grass-seed;
(3) seedling raising ground substance is prepared: according to the volume proportion 40-50% of decomposed rice husk, Nutrition Soil volume proportion 60-
50%, the two is uniformly mixed by blender, product is as seedling raising ground substance after mixing.
A kind of embodiment 2: raising rice seedlings matrix
A kind of raising rice seedlings matrix, the preparation of decomposed, Nutrition Soil preparation and raising rice seedlings matrix including rice husk:
The decomposed of the rice husk includes: on water spray to rice husk heap, to carry out turning over rice husk heap during spray, so that rice husk heap
Rice husk it is moist, then cover rice husk heap with plastic film;After 20 hours, the plastic film is opened, is turning over the same of rice husk heap
When to rice husk heap spread straw decomposing inoculant and urea, be uniformly mixed rice husk, straw decomposing inoculant and urea when turning over rice husk heap, then again
Rice husk heap is covered with plastic film, when rice husk is in dark brown, obtains decomposed rice husk;
The preparation of the Nutrition Soil includes: to dry to water content and be mountainous region fertile soil, decomposed good turfy soil or nonirrigated farmland soil
18%, it is sieved after being then mechanically pulverized with 4 ㎜ hole sizers;
The preparation of raising rice seedlings matrix: decomposed rice husk is uniformly mixed with Nutrition Soil according to the volume ratio of 40:60,
Up to raising rice seedlings matrix.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: the straw decomposing inoculant of rice husk per ton is 2 kilograms.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: the amount of urea of rice husk per ton is 7 kilograms.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: the pH value of the Nutrition Soil is 4.5.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: Nutrition Soil prepares in autumn the previous year, in second year spring after the curing in winter
Sieving is mechanically pulverized.
A kind of embodiment 3: raising rice seedlings matrix
A kind of raising rice seedlings matrix, the preparation of decomposed, Nutrition Soil preparation and raising rice seedlings matrix including rice husk:
The decomposed of the rice husk includes: on water spray to rice husk heap, to carry out turning over rice husk heap during spray, so that rice husk heap
Rice husk it is moist, then cover rice husk heap with plastic film;After 30 hours, the plastic film is opened, is turning over the same of rice husk heap
When to rice husk heap spread straw decomposing inoculant and urea, be uniformly mixed rice husk, straw decomposing inoculant and urea when turning over rice husk heap, then again
Rice husk heap is covered with plastic film, when rice husk is in dark brown, obtains decomposed rice husk;
The preparation of the Nutrition Soil includes: to dry to water content and be mountainous region fertile soil, decomposed good turfy soil or nonirrigated farmland soil
22%, it is sieved after being then mechanically pulverized with 5 ㎜ hole sizers;
The preparation of raising rice seedlings matrix: decomposed rice husk is uniformly mixed with Nutrition Soil according to the volume ratio of 50:50,
Up to raising rice seedlings matrix.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: the straw decomposing inoculant of rice husk per ton is 3 kilograms.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: the amount of urea of rice husk per ton is 8 kilograms.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: the pH value of the Nutrition Soil is 6.5.
Preferred embodiment are as follows: Nutrition Soil prepares in autumn the previous year, in second year spring after the curing in winter
Sieving is mechanically pulverized.
As described above is only to be not intended to tool to explain the preferred embodiments of the invention to do any shape to the present invention
Limitation in formula should all wrap therefore all have any modification or change for making the related present invention under identical spirit
It includes in the scope that the invention is intended to protect.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of raising rice seedlings matrix, it is characterised in that: decomposed, Nutrition Soil preparation and raising rice seedlings base including rice husk
The preparation of matter:
The decomposed of the rice husk includes: on water spray to rice husk heap, to carry out turning over rice husk heap during spray, so that rice husk heap
Rice husk it is moist, then cover rice husk heap with plastic film;After 20-30 hours, the plastic film is opened, is turning over rice husk heap
Straw decomposing inoculant and urea are spread to rice husk heap simultaneously, is uniformly mixed rice husk, straw decomposing inoculant and urea when turning over rice husk heap, then
Rice husk heap is covered with plastic film again, when rice husk is in dark brown, obtains decomposed rice husk;
The preparation of the Nutrition Soil includes: to dry to water content and be mountainous region fertile soil, decomposed good turfy soil or nonirrigated farmland soil
18-22% is sieved after being then mechanically pulverized with 4-5 ㎜ hole sizer;
The preparation of raising rice seedlings matrix: decomposed rice husk and Nutrition Soil are mixed according to the volume ratio of 40-50:60-50
It closes uniformly to get raising rice seedlings matrix.
2. raising rice seedlings matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the straw decomposing inoculant of rice husk per ton is 2-3
Kilogram.
3. raising rice seedlings matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the amount of urea of rice husk per ton is 7-8 public
Jin.
4. raising rice seedlings matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pH value of the Nutrition Soil is 4.5-6.5.
5. raising rice seedlings matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Nutrition Soil prepares in autumn the previous year, warp
It crosses after the curing in winter and sieving is mechanically pulverized in second year spring.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110024657A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-19 | 江苏艾津农业科技服务有限公司 | A kind of method and its use device of efficient production rice seedling soil |
CN110959501A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-07 | 天津富瑞丰生物科技有限公司 | Rice seedling raising substrate |
CN112056177A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-11 | 曲靖市麒麟区绿宝肥料制造有限公司 | Method for preparing rice seedling raising matrix by using solid waste |
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CN105967915A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-09-28 | 刘墨轩 | Rice seedling culture medium and preparation method |
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CN105967915A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-09-28 | 刘墨轩 | Rice seedling culture medium and preparation method |
CN106171710A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-07 | 纪珊珊 | A kind of Functional rice implantation methods |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110024657A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-19 | 江苏艾津农业科技服务有限公司 | A kind of method and its use device of efficient production rice seedling soil |
CN110959501A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-07 | 天津富瑞丰生物科技有限公司 | Rice seedling raising substrate |
CN112056177A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-11 | 曲靖市麒麟区绿宝肥料制造有限公司 | Method for preparing rice seedling raising matrix by using solid waste |
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