CN111233570A

CN111233570A - Sand gravel soil modifier

Info

Publication number: CN111233570A
Application number: CN201811349743.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-11-13
Filing date: 2018-11-13
Publication date: 2020-06-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a sandy gravel soil conditioner which comprises broken materials of fungus stick wastes, crushed charcoal soil, pond sludge and plant ash, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of crushed materials of the fungus stick waste, 20-35% of biochar soil, 10-25% of pond sludge and 5-15% of plant ash. The modifier can effectively improve the fertility of soil, can correspondingly reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, is relatively light, effectively avoids the harm of flying dust caused by improvement and spreading due to the addition of pond sludge, and is convenient to use; the preparation process is simple, the requirement on production conditions is low, the fertilizer can be prepared on the improved engineering site, and the production cost is lower than that of the common fertilizer.

Description

Sand gravel soil modifier

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a sandy soil modifier.

Background

At present, with the improvement of living standard of people, the demand of grape wine is larger and larger, so the demand of grape planting area is also larger and larger. Although the climate conditions in many places in China are suitable for planting grapes, the soil is not suitable for the growth of grapes, such as some plains impacted by rivers, the soil is high in sand content, high in gravel, low in organic matter content, low in soil nutrients and easy to lose water and fertilizer, and the soil needs to be improved to reduce water and fertilizer loss when a high-quality grape base is established.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to address the above problems in the prior art and to provide a sandy soil improver.

The invention provides a sandy gravel soil conditioner which comprises broken mushroom rod waste materials, crushed charcoal soil, pond sludge and plant ash, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of crushed materials of the fungus stick waste, 20-35% of biochar soil, 10-25% of pond sludge and 5-15% of plant ash.

Preferably, the sandy gravel soil improver is prepared by sequentially and circularly layering and paving crushed mushroom rod waste, crushed biochar soil and pond sludge, uniformly ploughing, moistening, uniformly stirring, stacking and fermenting, adding plant ash after stacking and fermenting, and watering and moistening in the uniform ploughing process.

Preferably, the soil conditioner for sand gravel soil further comprises the following steps after the plant ash is added into the soil conditioner: sequentially carrying out high-temperature sterilization, disinfection, drying treatment and packaging to obtain the finished product.

Preferably, the soil conditioner for sand gravel soil further comprises the following steps after the plant ash is added into the soil conditioner: sequentially adding 20-40% of sludge and flocculating agent of a domestic sewage treatment plant, sterilizing at high temperature, drying and granulating.

Preferably, the gravel soil improver is formed by paving each layer of crushed mushroom waste into 15-20 cm thick, paving each layer of crushed biochar soil into 4-6 cm thick, and paving each layer of pond sludge into 3-5 cm thick.

Preferably, the crushed material of the mushroom stick waste is mushroom stick granules formed by crushing or smashing bagged mushroom stick waste; the biological charcoal soil comprises dead branches and rotten leaves on the ground of the forest and black charcoal soil on the ground surface; the plant ash comprises plant ash generated by a mushroom culture medium sterilization and disinfection boiler and plant ash generated by a cooking bench.

Compared with the prior art, the scheme has the following advantages and technical effects:

the raw materials of the soil conditioner are waste, so that the waste is changed into valuable, the materials are convenient to obtain, the resource utilization rate is improved, the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be effectively improved, the yield and the quality of crops are greatly improved, and the remarkable economic benefit is obtained; the fertility of the soil can be effectively improved, the use of chemical fertilizers can be correspondingly reduced, the modifier is relatively light, the harm of dust emission due to improvement broadcasting is effectively avoided by adding pond sludge, and the use is convenient; the preparation process is simple, the requirement on production conditions is low, the fertilizer can be prepared on the improved engineering site, and the production cost is lower than that of the common fertilizer.

Detailed Description

The present invention is explained and illustrated in detail below with reference to specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the concept of the present invention and can carry out the present invention.

Example 1 soil conditioner preparation

The sandy gravel soil modifier comprises crushed materials of mushroom stick wastes, crushed biochar soil, pond sludge and plant ash.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

step 1, field preparation: selecting a material stacking fermentation field, and conveying bagged mushroom stick waste, biochar soil and plant ash to a stock dump for stacking separately, wherein the plant ash is covered to keep a dry state;

step 2, material treatment: smashing or crushing bagged mushroom stick waste to form mushroom stick granules, sieving biochar soil by a 2mm sieve, crushing the biochar soil by a crusher to form biochar soil granules, and carrying out artificial carbon head removing treatment on plant ash.

Step 3, layering and paving materials: spreading water with the thickness of 10-25 cm on a fermentation field to spray wet crushed mushroom stick waste, spreading 3-10 cm of crushed biochar soil in a forest on the crushed mushroom stick waste, spraying pond sludge filled by a pump of a pump truck on the biochar soil by using a pump, wherein the thickness of the deposited sludge is 2-6 cm, and spreading 1-2 layers again according to the three layers;

step 4, composting, turning over and stirring uniformly: after spreading, uniformly ploughing by using a ploughing machine after 12 hours, locally watering in the ploughing process to ensure that the aggregate is wet (the good condition is that no clear water appears due to hand grabbing and extrusion), and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer after moistening;

step 5, aggregate stacking: using a bulldozer to push the aggregates with even ploughing, wherein the total stacking thickness is 0.6-2 m, the stacking width L is 2-3 m, the clear spacing H on the stacking ground is more than 0.8m, and the stacking slope is put to obtain 1: 0.5-1: 2;

step 6, aggregate fermentation: carrying out microbial fermentation on the stack, wherein the temperature of the surface layer of the stack is ensured to be above 5 ℃, turning the inside and the outside of the stack aggregate, stirring for 3-5 days, turning and stirring for 3-7 times in the fermentation period, and basically completing the fermentation after 15 days of fermentation (the fermentation time can be properly prolonged according to the field conditions so as to ensure the optimal fermentation);

step 7, adding plant ash: after fermentation, performing pH detection, adding 5-15% plant ash into the fermented aggregate, mixing, and performing pH fine adjustment to meet the pH of vegetation growth, thereby preparing an available modifying agent;

step 8, modifier product preparation: if the product is conveyed to a place other than the producing area, high-temperature sterilization and disinfection are required, drying treatment is carried out, and the product is packaged to be prepared into a finished fertilizer for application; if the composition is used in the production place, the composition can be used after being prepared at the present place without sterilization, disinfection and drying.

EXAMPLE 2 gravel soil improvement method

The improvement of the gravel soil with sand content of more than or equal to 60 percent by adopting the modifying agent of the embodiment 1 can also be used for improving the mud flat of a water area with sand content of more than or equal to 60 percent, and comprises the following steps:

1) cleaning surface soil, and controlling the cleaning depth to be above the underground normal water level;

2) adding a modifier into the surface-cleaning soil, fully mixing to form mixed soil, wherein the mixing proportion is 1: 9-3: 7;

3) stacking the mixed soil for 3-5 days for paving and sprinkling water;

4) the planting is carried out under the condition that the soil is wet, and 2.5kg to 20kg of the dry soil conditioner in the embodiment 1 can be added into each pit of a tree pit at the position of a transplanted tree.

5) Sprinkling water after planting to keep the ground in a wet state;

6) and in the later period, the granulated product is used for topdressing, and 50 kg-300 kg of topdressing is carried out per mu each time according to the growth condition of plants.

The above embodiments are only for the purpose of promoting an understanding of the core concepts of the invention, and any obvious modifications, equivalents or other improvements made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The sandy gravel soil conditioner is characterized by comprising crushed mushroom rod waste, crushed biochar soil, pond sludge and plant ash, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of crushed materials of the fungus stick waste, 20-35% of biochar soil, 10-25% of pond sludge and 5-15% of plant ash.

2. The sandy gravel soil improver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crushed material of the mushroom-stick waste, the crushed biochar soil and the pond sludge are sequentially subjected to circulating layered paving, even ploughing, moistening, stirring and stacking fermentation to prepare the sandy gravel soil improver, the plant ash is added after the stacking fermentation, and watering and moistening are also required in the even ploughing process.

3. A sand gravel soil amendment according to claim 2, further comprising the following steps after the addition of plant ash: sequentially carrying out high-temperature sterilization, disinfection, drying treatment and packaging to obtain the finished product.

4. A sand gravel soil amendment according to claim 2, further comprising the following steps after the addition of plant ash: sequentially adding 20-40% of sludge and flocculating agent of a domestic sewage treatment plant, sterilizing at high temperature, drying and granulating.

5. The sandy gravel soil improver as claimed in claim 2, wherein each layer of crushed pieces of the mushroom-stick waste is paved in a thickness of 15cm to 20cm, each layer of crushed biochar soil is paved in a thickness of 4cm to 6cm, and each layer of pond sludge is paved in a thickness of 3cm to 5 cm.

6. The sandy gravel soil improver as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crushed material of the mushroom stick waste is a mushroom stick particle material obtained by crushing or pulverizing bagged mushroom stick waste; the biological charcoal soil comprises dead branches and rotten leaves on the ground of the forest and black charcoal soil on the ground surface; the plant ash comprises plant ash generated by a mushroom culture medium sterilization and disinfection boiler and plant ash generated by a cooking bench.