CN107318414A - A kind of implantation methods of eggplant - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of eggplant Download PDFInfo
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- CN107318414A CN107318414A CN201710515188.7A CN201710515188A CN107318414A CN 107318414 A CN107318414 A CN 107318414A CN 201710515188 A CN201710515188 A CN 201710515188A CN 107318414 A CN107318414 A CN 107318414A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of eggplant, is related to technical field of vegetable cultivation, the implantation methods of eggplant comprise the following steps：(1) soil is selected；(2) variety selection；(3) Medicament soaked seed；(4) vernalization is handled；(5) site preparation；(6) seeding and seedling raising；(7) emerge to seedling separation period management；(8) it is colonized；(9) field management；(10) harvested after fruit maturation.The eggplant that the present invention solves the implantation methods plantation of existing eggplant has that the incidence of disease is not low enough, yield is not high enough and quality is imperfect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of eggplant.
Background technology
Less strict is required to edaphic condition when eggplant is planted, but to be got bumper crops, promotes root system well to develop, should select
Soil layer is deep, and draining is good, the fertile loam rich in organic matter.The implantation methods generally existing of current eggplant what plantation came out
The eggplant incidence of disease is high, yield poorly and inferior problem.
A kind of implantation methods (the Authorization Notice No. for eggplant of Chinese patent literature that on April 6th, 2016 is announced
CN104115588B), including：(1) soil is selected；(2) vernalization；(3) seeding and seedling raising；(4) it is colonized；(5) growth period；(6) result.
By the above-mentioned means, organic implantation methods of the invention eggplant have, natural nuisance-free, vitality are strong, economical and practical, meet life
The advantages of long rule, whole process make much of, cultivated stage by stage, has extensive city in the popularization of organic implantation methods of eggplant
Field prospect.
But, the eggplant of the implantation methods of eggplant plantation exist that the incidence of disease is not low enough, yield is not high enough and quality not
Enough good the problem of.
The content of the invention
The eggplant planted to solve the implantation methods of existing eggplant has that the incidence of disease is not low enough, yield is not high enough and product
The imperfect problem of matter, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of eggplant, is planted by the implantation methods of the eggplant
Eggplant have the advantages that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and quality better.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of implantation methods of eggplant, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Select that physical features is high and dry, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, irrigation and drainage are convenient
Sandy loam, every mu of application 1800-2200kg base manure, the base manure includes the raw material of following parts by weight, maize straw 8-10
Part, 8-10 parts of rice husk, 12-18 parts of dregs of beans, 4-6 parts of peanut cake, 20-30 parts of poultry-dung, 3-7 parts of attapulgite, oyster shell powder 3-7
Part, 2-8 parts of humic acid, 8-16 parts of turf, 0.1-0.3 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.05-0.13 parts of calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate 0.05-
0.17 part and 0.05-0.15 parts of urea；
(2) variety selection：Select fast low light tolerance, drought-enduring, growth rate, quality better and the high kind of yield；
(3) Medicament soaked seed：By eggplant seed first with flowing Seed soaking 2-3h, pull out after draining, place into 10% phosphorus
It is 0.1% potassium permanganate immersion 15-25min that 20-25min, or concentration are soaked in sour three sodium solutions, and clear water is used after picking up
3-5min is rinsed, then eggplant seed is immersed in 6-8h in 28-32 DEG C of warm water；
(4) vernalization is handled：The eggplant seed cleaned up in step (3) is wrapped with clean wet gauze, temperature is placed in
For that in 25-35 DEG C of cool environment, can be sowed when seed germination rate reaches 60%；
(5) site preparation：Every mu applies the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed on soil in step (1), ploughs deeply and rakes,
Every mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg again, shallow to plough under soil；
The soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4-6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 16-20 parts of weathered coal, 3-5 parts of oyster shell powder, 3-5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-4 parts of manganese sulfate, three
7-11 parts of 1-3 parts of polyphosphate sodium, 0.2-0.6 parts of astragalus polyose, 5-7 parts of attapulgite, 5-9 parts of powder of straw and water；
The soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner,
Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed, weathered coal is added, 70-80 DEG C is heated to, continues stirring and mixes dry to water, add
4-6h is stacked in ferrous sulfate, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite and powder of straw, at room temperature mixing, adds the Radix Astragali
Polysaccharide, stirs, and dries, granulates, produces soil conditioner；
(6) seeding and seedling raising：Day temperature is selected to carry out seeding and seedling raising for 18-30 DEG C of fine day early morning 8-10 points, above-mentioned
A piece of land is chosen in planting site as seedling bed, uniform spreading thickness is 3-5cm Nutrition Soil on seedling bed, pours and reveals the exact details
Water, is then sowed above-mentioned eggplant seed on seedling bed in 8g/m2 ratio, is then covered with the battalion that thickness is 0.8-1.0cm
Soil is supported, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-80%, the Nutrition Soil includes：In parts by weight, leaf mould 6-8 parts, river silt
6-10 parts of 5-7 parts, 5-7 parts of poultry fecaluria, 1-3 parts of plant ash, 0.1-0.3 parts of bentonite, 1-2 parts of rice chaff ash and wood chip, per 2-3
5 points of 9 points of its early morning or dusk water once；
(7) emerge to seedling separation period management：Before emerging, 25-30 DEG C is maintained the temperature at, uniform illumination can emerge for 5-6 days；
After emerging, mulch film is opened, 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18-20 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C is kept；
(8) it is colonized：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-4 piece true leaves occurs in eggplant young plant, eggplant young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted,
Ensure that line-spacing, in 40-50cm, is selected in the morning 8-9 points that day temperature is 28-35 DEG C, after transplanting not in 130-140cm, spacing in the rows
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
(9) field management：Watered once every 5 points of 9 points of the mornings of 2 days or dusk, fertilizer one was applied every 15-20 days
Secondary, the fertilizer includes：In parts by weight, maize straw 5-7 parts, 9-11 parts of rice husk, 3-5 parts of dregs of beans, 4-6 parts of peanut cake,
3-5 parts of 2-4 parts of chicken manure, 1-3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of potassium sulfate and urea；
(10) harvested after fruit maturation.
Preferably, also need to carry out seed screening before the step (3) Medicament soaked seed, weeded out by seed screening dry
The flat and small seed of grain, leaves the full seed of health.
Preferably, the screen for seeds, which is divided into eggplant seed being placed in band mesh having openings therein, carries out size eggplant seed
Separation, choose the big eggplant seed of particle, then the big eggplant seed of particle be put into clear water, floating over clear water top layer
Not plump paddy is pulled out, and from full grains, health eggplant seed, seed screening mode simple operation is simple efficient.
Preferably, also need progress eggplant seed to bask seeds before the seed screening is carried out, seed is sterilized.
Preferably, sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to use mixer during step (5) site preparation
Stirring, has the advantages that stirring efficiency is high and raw material is well mixed.
Preferably, the mixer is single horizontal shaft mixer, and single horizontal shaft mixer has that the load of mechanism is small, energy loss
Low, mixing quality is good, noise is small, rational in infrastructure, easy to operate, discharge rate fast, service life length and be easy to maintenance
Advantage.
Preferably, drying is dries using three-cylinder drier during step (5) site preparation, and three-cylinder drier has
Advantage that is energy-efficient, easy for installation, simple to operate, reliable, improving work situation and frequency control.
Preferably, granulation is granulates using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during step (5) site preparation, and flat-die extruding is made
The mach granular material of grain has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, rounding is uniform
With balling-up moisture it is low the characteristics of.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the eggplant planted by the implantation methods of eggplant of the present invention has that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and quality better excellent
Point.
The flat and small seed of grain, leaves the full seed of health.
2nd, heretofore described screen for seeds, which is divided into eggplant seed being placed in band mesh having openings therein, carries out size eggplant
The separation of seed, chooses the big eggplant seed of particle, then the big eggplant seed of particle is put into clear water, floating over clear water table
The not plump paddy of layer is pulled out, and from full grains, health eggplant seed, seed screening mode simple operation is simple efficient.
3rd, also need progress eggplant seed to bask seeds before the seed screening is carried out in the present invention, seed is sterilized.
4th, mixing sodium tripolyphosphate and water during heretofore described step (5) site preparation is using stirring
Machine is stirred, and has the advantages that stirring efficiency is high and raw material is well mixed.
5th, heretofore described mixer is single horizontal shaft mixer, and single horizontal shaft mixer has that the load of mechanism is small, energy
It is lost that low, mixing quality is good, noise is small, rational in infrastructure, easy to operate, discharge rate is fast, service life length and is easy to maintenance to support
The advantage of shield.
6th, drying is dries using three-cylinder drier during heretofore described step (5) site preparation, three-cylinder drier
There is energy-efficient, easy for installation, simple to operate, reliable, improvement work situation and frequency control.
7th, granulation is granulates using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during heretofore described step (5) site preparation, and flat-die is squeezed
Pressing the mach granular material of granulation to have, any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength height, rounding
The characteristics of uniform balling-up moisture is low.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of eggplant, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Select that physical features is high and dry, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, irrigation and drainage are convenient
Sandy loam, every mu of application 1800-2200kg base manure, base manure includes the raw material of following parts by weight, 9 parts of maize straw, rice husk 9
Part, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of peanut cake, 25 parts of poultry-dung, 5 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of oyster shell powder, 5 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of turf,
0.10 part of 0.2 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.09 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.11 part of potassium sulfate and urea；
(2) variety selection：Select fast low light tolerance, drought-enduring, growth rate, quality better and the high kind of yield；
(3) Medicament soaked seed：By eggplant seed first with flowing Seed soaking 2-3h, pull out after draining, place into 10% phosphorus
It is 0.1% potassium permanganate immersion 15-25min that 20-25min, or concentration are soaked in sour three sodium solutions, and clear water is used after picking up
3-5min is rinsed, then eggplant seed is immersed in 6-8h in 28-32 DEG C of warm water；
(4) vernalization is handled：The eggplant seed cleaned up in step (3) is wrapped with clean wet gauze, temperature is placed in
For that in 25-35 DEG C of cool environment, can be sowed when seed germination rate reaches 60%；
(5) site preparation：Every mu applies the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed on soil in step (1), ploughs deeply and rakes,
Every mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg again, shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 18 parts of weathered coal, 4 parts of oyster shell powder, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of manganese sulfate, 2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate,
9 parts of 0.4 part of astragalus polyose, 6 parts of attapulgite, 7 parts of powder of straw and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid
4-6h is stacked in ferrous iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite and powder of straw, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose,
Stir, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
(6) seeding and seedling raising：Day temperature is selected to carry out seeding and seedling raising for 18-30 DEG C of fine day early morning 8-10 points, above-mentioned
A piece of land is chosen in planting site as seedling bed, uniform spreading thickness is 3-5cm Nutrition Soil on seedling bed, pours and reveals the exact details
Water, is then sowed above-mentioned eggplant seed on seedling bed in 8g/m2 ratio, is then covered with the battalion that thickness is 0.8-1.0cm
Soil is supported, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-80%, Nutrition Soil includes：In parts by weight, leaf mould 6-8 parts, river silt 5-7
Part, 5-7 parts of poultry fecaluria, 1-3 parts of plant ash, 0.1-0.3 parts of bentonite, 1-2 parts of rice chaff ash and 6-10 parts of wood chip, per 2-3 days
5 points of 9 points of early morning or dusk water once；
(7) emerge to seedling separation period management：Before emerging, 25-30 DEG C is maintained the temperature at, uniform illumination can emerge for 5-6 days；
After emerging, mulch film is opened, 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18-20 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C is kept；
(8) it is colonized：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-4 piece true leaves occurs in eggplant young plant, eggplant young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted,
Ensure that line-spacing, in 40-50cm, is selected in the morning 8-9 points that day temperature is 28-35 DEG C, after transplanting not in 130-140cm, spacing in the rows
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
(9) field management：Watered once every 5 points of 9 points of the mornings of 2 days or dusk, fertilizer one was applied every 15-20 days
Secondary, fertilizer includes：In parts by weight, 6 parts of maize straw, 10 parts of rice husk, 4 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of peanut cake, 3 parts of chicken manure, sulfuric acid
4 parts of 2 parts of ammonium, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2 parts of potassium sulfate and urea；
(10) harvested after fruit maturation.
Also need to carry out seed screening before step (3) Medicament soaked seed, it is small to weed out shrivelled and grain by seed screening
Seed, leaves the full seed of health.
Screen for seeds, which is divided into, is placed on eggplant seed with the separation that size eggplant seed is carried out in mesh having openings therein, chooses
The big eggplant seed of particle, is then put into clear water by the big eggplant seed of particle, and the not plump paddy for floating over clear water top layer is pulled out, choosing
With full grains, health eggplant seed, the seed sieves mode simple operation, simple efficient.
Also need progress eggplant seed to bask seeds before seed screening is carried out, seed is sterilized.
Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to stir using mixer during step (5) site preparation, with stirring
Mix efficiency high and the well mixed advantage of raw material.
Mixer is single horizontal shaft mixer, and single horizontal shaft mixer has that the load of mechanism is small, energy loss is low, mixing quality
Good, noise is small, rational in infrastructure, easy to operate, discharge rate is fast, service life length and the advantage for being easy to maintenance.
Drying is dries using three-cylinder drier during step (5) site preparation, and three-cylinder drier has energy-efficient, peace
Dress is convenient, simple to operate, reliable, improve the advantage of work situation and frequency control.
Granulation is to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during step (5) site preparation, the machining of flat-die extruder grain
Granular material has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding
Low the characteristics of.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of eggplant, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Select that physical features is high and dry, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, irrigation and drainage are convenient
Sandy loam, every mu of application 1800-2200kg base manure, the base manure includes the raw material of following parts by weight, 8 parts of maize straw,
8 parts of rice husk, 12 parts of dregs of beans, 4 parts of peanut cake, 20 parts of poultry-dung, 3 parts of attapulgite, 3 parts of oyster shell powder, 2 parts of humic acid, turf 8
Part, 0.1 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.05 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.05 part of potassium sulfate and 0.05 part of urea；
(2) variety selection：Select fast low light tolerance, drought-enduring, growth rate, quality better and the high kind of yield；
(3) Medicament soaked seed：By eggplant seed first with flowing Seed soaking 2-3h, pull out after draining, place into 10% phosphorus
It is 0.1% potassium permanganate immersion 15-25min that 20-25min, or concentration are soaked in sour three sodium solutions, and clear water is used after picking up
3-5min is rinsed, then eggplant seed is immersed in 6-8h in 28-32 DEG C of warm water；
(4) vernalization is handled：The eggplant seed cleaned up in step (3) is wrapped with clean wet gauze, temperature is placed in
For that in 25-35 DEG C of cool environment, can be sowed when seed germination rate reaches 60%；
(5) site preparation：Every mu applies the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed on soil in step (1), ploughs deeply and rakes,
Every mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg again, shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 16 parts of weathered coal, 3 parts of oyster shell powder, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate,
7 parts of 0.2 part of astragalus polyose, 5 parts of attapulgite, 5 parts of powder of straw and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid
4-6h is stacked in ferrous iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite and powder of straw, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose,
Stir, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
(6) seeding and seedling raising：Day temperature is selected to carry out seeding and seedling raising for 18-30 DEG C of fine day early morning 8-10 points, above-mentioned
A piece of land is chosen in planting site as seedling bed, uniform spreading thickness is 3-5cm Nutrition Soil on seedling bed, pours and reveals the exact details
Water, is then sowed above-mentioned eggplant seed on seedling bed in 8g/m2 ratio, is then covered with the battalion that thickness is 0.8-1.0cm
Soil is supported, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-80%, the Nutrition Soil includes：In parts by weight, 6 parts of leaf mould, river silt 5
Part, 5 parts of poultry fecaluria, 1 part of plant ash, 0.1 part of bentonite, 1 part of rice chaff ash and 6 parts of wood chip, per 9 points of 2-3 days early mornings or are close to
5 points of evening waters once；
(7) emerge to seedling separation period management：Before emerging, 25-30 DEG C is maintained the temperature at, uniform illumination can emerge for 5-6 days；
After emerging, mulch film is opened, 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18-20 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C is kept；
(8) it is colonized：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-4 piece true leaves occurs in eggplant young plant, eggplant young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted,
Ensure that line-spacing, in 40-50cm, is selected in the morning 8-9 points that day temperature is 28-35 DEG C, after transplanting not in 130-140cm, spacing in the rows
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
(9) field management：Watered once every 5 points of 9 points of the mornings of 2 days or dusk, fertilizer one was applied every 15-20 days
Secondary, fertilizer includes：In parts by weight, 5 parts of maize straw, 9 parts of rice husk, 3 parts of dregs of beans, 4 parts of peanut cake, 2 parts of chicken manure, ammonium sulfate
3 parts of 1 part, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of potassium sulfate and urea；
(10) harvested after fruit maturation.
Also need to carry out seed screening before step (3) Medicament soaked seed, it is small to weed out shrivelled and grain by seed screening
Seed, leaves the full seed of health.
Screen for seeds, which is divided into, is placed on eggplant seed with the separation that size eggplant seed is carried out in mesh having openings therein, chooses
The big eggplant seed of particle, is then put into clear water by the big eggplant seed of particle, and the not plump paddy for floating over clear water top layer is pulled out, choosing
With full grains, health eggplant seed, the seed sieves mode simple operation, simple efficient.
Also need progress eggplant seed to bask seeds before seed screening is carried out, seed is sterilized.
Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to stir using mixer during step (5) site preparation, with stirring
Mix efficiency high and the well mixed advantage of raw material.
Mixer is single horizontal shaft mixer, and single horizontal shaft mixer has that the load of mechanism is small, energy loss is low, mixing quality
Good, noise is small, rational in infrastructure, easy to operate, discharge rate is fast, service life length and the advantage for being easy to maintenance.
Drying is dries using three-cylinder drier during step (5) site preparation, and three-cylinder drier has energy-efficient, peace
Dress is convenient, simple to operate, reliable, improve the advantage of work situation and frequency control.
Granulation is to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during step (5) site preparation, the machining of flat-die extruder grain
Granular material has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding
Low the characteristics of.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of eggplant, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Select that physical features is high and dry, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, irrigation and drainage are convenient
Sandy loam, every mu of application 1800-2200kg base manure, base manure includes the raw material of following parts by weight, 10 parts of maize straw, rice husk
10 parts, 18 parts of dregs of beans, 6 parts of peanut cake, 30 parts of poultry-dung, 7 parts of attapulgite, 7 parts of oyster shell powder, 8 parts of humic acid, turf 16
Part, 0.3 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.13 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.17 part of potassium sulfate and 0.15 part of urea；
(2) variety selection：Select fast low light tolerance, drought-enduring, growth rate, quality better and the high kind of yield；
(3) Medicament soaked seed：By eggplant seed first with flowing Seed soaking 2-3h, pull out after draining, place into 10% phosphorus
It is 0.1% potassium permanganate immersion 15-25min that 20-25min, or concentration are soaked in sour three sodium solutions, and clear water is used after picking up
3-5min is rinsed, then eggplant seed is immersed in 6-8h in 28-32 DEG C of warm water；
(4) vernalization is handled：The eggplant seed cleaned up in step (3) is wrapped with clean wet gauze, temperature is placed in
For that in 25-35 DEG C of cool environment, can be sowed when seed germination rate reaches 60%；
(5) site preparation：Every mu applies the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed on soil in step (1), ploughs deeply and rakes,
Every mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg again, shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 20 parts of weathered coal, 5 parts of oyster shell powder, 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of manganese sulfate, 3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate,
11 parts of 0.6 part of astragalus polyose, 7 parts of attapulgite, 9 parts of powder of straw and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid
4-6h is stacked in ferrous iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite and powder of straw, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose,
Stir, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
(6) seeding and seedling raising：Day temperature is selected to carry out seeding and seedling raising for 18-30 DEG C of fine day early morning 8-10 points, above-mentioned
A piece of land is chosen in planting site as seedling bed, uniform spreading thickness is 3-5cm Nutrition Soil on seedling bed, pours and reveals the exact details
Water, is then sowed above-mentioned eggplant seed on seedling bed in 8g/m2 ratio, is then covered with the battalion that thickness is 0.8-1.0cm
Soil is supported, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-80%, Nutrition Soil includes：In parts by weight, 8 parts of leaf mould, river silt 7 part,
10 parts of 7 parts of brid guano urine, 3 parts of plant ash, 0.3 part of bentonite, 2 parts of rice chaff ash and wood chip, per 2-3 days 9 points or at dusk 5 points of early mornings
Water once；
(7) emerge to seedling separation period management：Before emerging, 25-30 DEG C is maintained the temperature at, uniform illumination can emerge for 5-6 days；
After emerging, mulch film is opened, 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18-20 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C is kept；
(8) it is colonized：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-4 piece true leaves occurs in eggplant young plant, eggplant young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted,
Ensure that line-spacing, in 40-50cm, is selected in the morning 8-9 points that day temperature is 28-35 DEG C, after transplanting not in 130-140cm, spacing in the rows
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
(9) field management：Watered once every 5 points of 9 points of the mornings of 2 days or dusk, fertilizer one was applied every 15-20 days
Secondary, fertilizer includes：In parts by weight, 7 parts of maize straw, 11 parts of rice husk, 5 parts of dregs of beans, 6 parts of peanut cake, 4 parts of chicken manure, sulfuric acid
5 parts of 3 parts of ammonium, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of potassium sulfate and urea；
(10) harvested after fruit maturation.
Also need to carry out seed screening before step (3) Medicament soaked seed, it is small to weed out shrivelled and grain by seed screening
Seed, leaves the full seed of health.
Screen for seeds, which is divided into, is placed on eggplant seed with the separation that size eggplant seed is carried out in mesh having openings therein, chooses
The big eggplant seed of particle, is then put into clear water by the big eggplant seed of particle, and the not plump paddy for floating over clear water top layer is pulled out, choosing
With full grains, health eggplant seed, the seed sieves mode simple operation, simple efficient.
Also need progress eggplant seed to bask seeds before seed screening is carried out, seed is sterilized.
Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to stir using mixer during step (5) site preparation, with stirring
Mix efficiency high and the well mixed advantage of raw material.
Mixer is single horizontal shaft mixer, and single horizontal shaft mixer has that the load of mechanism is small, energy loss is low, mixing quality
Good, noise is small, rational in infrastructure, easy to operate, discharge rate is fast, service life length and the advantage for being easy to maintenance.
Drying is dries using three-cylinder drier during step (5) site preparation, and three-cylinder drier has energy-efficient, peace
Dress is convenient, simple to operate, reliable, improve the advantage of work situation and frequency control.
Granulation is to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during step (5) site preparation, the machining of flat-die extruder grain
Granular material has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding
Low the characteristics of.
The eggplant that the eggplant implantation methods of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 are planted out and traditional eggplant plantation side
The eggplant that method is planted out is compared, with advantages below：
As seen from the above table, compared with conventional method, eggplant implantation methods of the present invention have quality better, yield high and disease pest
The low advantage of evil incidence.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or equivalent substitution, all essences in the present invention are carried out to which part technical characteristic
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of implantation methods of eggplant, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is selected：Select that physical features is high and dry, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, the convenient husky earth of irrigation and drainage
Soil, every mu of application 1800-2200kg base manure, the base manure includes the raw material of following parts by weight, 8-10 parts of maize straw, rice
8-10 parts of shell, 12-18 parts of dregs of beans, 4-6 parts of peanut cake, 20-30 parts of poultry-dung, 3-7 parts of attapulgite, 3-7 parts of oyster shell powder, corruption
2-8 parts of phytic acid, 8-16 parts of turf, 0.1-0.3 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.05-0.13 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.05-0.17 parts of potassium sulfate
With 0.05-0.15 parts of urea；
(2) variety selection：Select fast low light tolerance, drought-enduring, growth rate, quality better and the high kind of yield；
(3) Medicament soaked seed：By eggplant seed first with flowing Seed soaking 2-3h, pull out after draining, place into 10% tricresyl phosphate
It is 0.1% potassium permanganate immersion 15-25min that 20-25min, or concentration are soaked in sodium solution, is rinsed after picking up using clear water
Eggplant seed, is then immersed in 6-8h in 28-32 DEG C of warm water by 3-5min；
(4) vernalization is handled：The eggplant seed cleaned up in step (3) is wrapped with clean wet gauze, temperature is placed in for 25-
In 35 DEG C of cool environment, it can be sowed when seed germination rate reaches 60%；
(5) site preparation：Every mu applies the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed on soil in step (1), ploughs deeply and rakes, then often
Mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg, shallow to plough under soil；
The soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4-6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 16-20 parts of weathered coal, 3-5 parts of oyster shell powder, 3-5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-4 parts of manganese sulfate, trimerization phosphorus
7-11 parts of sour sodium 1-3 parts, 0.2-0.6 parts of astragalus polyose, 5-7 parts of attapulgite, 5-9 parts of powder of straw and water；
The soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid
4-6h is stacked in ferrous iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite and powder of straw, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose,
Stir, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
(6) seeding and seedling raising：Day temperature is selected to carry out seeding and seedling raising for 18-30 DEG C of fine day early morning 8-10 points, in above-mentioned plantation
A piece of land is chosen in ground as seedling bed, uniform spreading thickness is 3-5cm Nutrition Soil on seedling bed, pours water of revealing the exact details, so
Above-mentioned eggplant seed is sowed on seedling bed in 8g/m2 ratio afterwards, the Nutrition Soil that thickness is 0.8-1.0cm is then covered with,
Covering with plastic film, keeps humidity in 60-80%, the Nutrition Soil includes：In parts by weight, leaf mould 6-8 parts, 5-7 parts of river silt,
6-10 parts of 5-7 parts of poultry fecaluria, 1-3 parts of plant ash, 0.1-0.3 parts of bentonite, 1-2 parts of rice chaff ash and wood chip, per 2-3 days early mornings
9 points or at dusk 5 points are watered once；
(7) emerge to seedling separation period management：Before emerging, 25-30 DEG C is maintained the temperature at, uniform illumination can emerge for 5-6 days；Emerge
Afterwards, mulch film is opened, 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18-20 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C is kept；
(8) it is colonized：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-4 piece true leaves occurs in eggplant young plant, eggplant young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted, it is ensured that
Line-spacing, in 40-50cm, is selected in the morning 8-9 points that day temperature is 28-35 DEG C in 130-140cm, spacing in the rows, unsuitable big after transplanting
Water is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
(9) field management：Watered once every 5 points of 9 points of the mornings of 2 days or dusk, fertilizer applied once every 15-20 days,
The fertilizer includes：In parts by weight, maize straw 5-7 parts, 9-11 parts of rice husk, 3-5 parts of dregs of beans, 4-6 parts of peanut cake, chicken manure
3-5 parts of 2-4 parts, 1-3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of potassium sulfate and urea；
(10) harvested after fruit maturation.
2. the implantation methods of eggplant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Before the step (3) Medicament soaked seed also
Need to carry out seed screening.
3. the implantation methods of eggplant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The screen for seeds, which is divided into, puts eggplant seed
Put and with the separation that size eggplant seed is carried out in mesh having openings therein, choosing the big eggplant seed of particle, it is then that particle is big
Eggplant seed be put into clear water, the not plump paddy for floating over clear water top layer is pulled out, from full grains, health eggplant seed.
4. the implantation methods of eggplant according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Also needed before seed screening is carried out into
Row eggplant seed is basked seeds.
5. the implantation methods of eggplant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During step (5) site preparation
Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to stir using mixer.
6. the implantation methods of eggplant according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The mixer is single horizontal shaft mixer.
7. the implantation methods of eggplant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Dried during step (5) site preparation
Do to dry using three-cylinder drier.
8. the implantation methods of eggplant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Made during step (5) site preparation
Grain is to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator.
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| CN108323268A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-27 | 安徽省华禾种业有限公司 | A method of promoting eggplant seed fast germination |
| CN109496719A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-22 | 浏阳市杨阁湾生态农场 | A kind of eggplant implantation methods |
| CN109819863A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 丹阳市陵口镇庙头土地股份专业合作社 | A kind of eggplant efficient culture soil |
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| CN109819863A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 丹阳市陵口镇庙头土地股份专业合作社 | A kind of eggplant efficient culture soil |
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Application publication date: 20171107 |