CN109644607A - A kind of method that sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality - Google Patents
A kind of method that sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN109644607A CN109644607A CN201910067408.3A CN201910067408A CN109644607A CN 109644607 A CN109644607 A CN 109644607A CN 201910067408 A CN201910067408 A CN 201910067408A CN 109644607 A CN109644607 A CN 109644607A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses the methods that a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality, include the following steps: arable land fertilizing, and bedder- planter sesbania carries out trickle irrigation watering in due course;Mid or late September harvests sesbania, and stalk crushes total crop return, and small water pours, and is in close contact stalk and soil, and moisture creating 3-5 days;Site preparation and fertilization, bedder- planter wheat after sowing, cover one layer of rice husk on ridge surface;It is poured water in due course using the water-fertilizer integral trickle irrigation equipment with oxygenation pressurization function, conventional field management is carried out until second year June harvests wheat, straw-returning, apply urea and straw decomposing inoculant, it ploughs, levels land, directly sowing sesbania, until sesbania harvests before seam broken, then sows wheat by above-mentioned steps.The present invention effectively reduces the salt content of marine solonchak, gradually improves soil quality, improves the content of organic matter and content of microorganisms in soil, has certain economic benefit, and have the characteristics that sustainability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement fields, and in particular to a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotion marine solonchak soil quality
Method.
Background technique
The modified utilization in salt-soda soil is a complicated system engineering, and different rows is formed for different types of salt-soda soil
Effective ameliorative measure, being summed up mainly has three big measures, i.e. engineering measure, chemical measure and biological control measure.Every kind is arranged
Applying all has its strengths and weaknesses, and some measures play certain improving effect in a short time, but easily repeatedly, cost
Height, good effect cannot be played by only relying on single measure, thus be badly in need of at present a kind of at low cost, duration it is good have again it is economical
The ameliorative measure of benefit.
Many scholars compare deep correlative study in different saline and alkaline regions, also form many achievements, some
It is for a certain specific soil types, some higher costs, if the patent of invention of application number 2017114551287 is by using certainly
The method that wound organic fertilizer and plantation herba limonii gmelinii improve sandy salt dissolving alkaline earth;The patent of invention of application number 2017111940264 passes through
It plants sesbania and improves salt affected soil fertility, but it is directed to the slight alkaline land of salt content 0.3%;And application number
It is all made of flood soaked field in 2016105428857 and 2014107418259 patent of invention or salt discharge of pouring water, has applied expensive fertilizer
Material etc., causes water consumption big, at high cost;The patent of invention of application number 2016105854089 is this team for severe Muddy Bottoms
A kind of echelon of beach saline land or coastal tidal promotes modification method, and certain work is played in terms of heavy saline improvement
With.
Higher for strand moderate solonchak region salt content, soil texture is poor, organic matter there is a serious shortage of the problems such as, the present invention exists
On the basis of 2016105854089 inventions, using waste straw, fertilizer amount is reduced, cost is reduced, passes through green manure sesbania and standing grain
Undergraduate course crop wheat crop rotation, and combine with oxygenation pressurization function trickle irrigation (2018206079487 utility model patent of application number)
Soil quality is improved with water-fertilizer integral device, have the characteristics that economical, simple and is continued.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the sides that a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality
Method, can effective Reclamation of coastal saline soil, gradually promote soil quality, have the characteristics that economic, easy, duration.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of method that sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality, includes the following steps:
S1, arable land fertilizing, bedder- planter: the front and back Ching Ming Festival First Year applies organic fertilizer 3-5 m3/667m2, corn or rice straw
Stalk 3-5m3/667m2, ardealite 400-500kg/667m2, then plough 30-40cm, ridging, row spacing 40cm, the high 15- in ridge
20cm, sesbania is sowed on both sides on ridge, before broadcasting for 24 hours with 40-50 DEG C of water seed soaking, application rate 5-6 kg/667m2,;
S2, trickle irrigation watering, water-saving control salt: being that foundation is watered with the soil matrix gesture of sesbania, before emergence, soil matrix gesture is big
It is irrigated when 5Kpa, when seedling length to 3 true leaves, is irrigated, irrigated when being changed to soil matrix gesture greater than 10Kpa
Shi Caiyong has the drip irrigation appliance dedicated for salt-soda soil of oxygenation pressurization function;
S3, sesbania harvest, straw-returning: mid or late September gathers in sesbania, and stalk crushes total crop return, turns over and buries 25-30cm, so
Small water pours afterwards, is in close contact stalk and soil, and moisture creating 3-5 days;
S4, site preparation and fertilization sow wheat: in the suitable situation of soil moisture content, applying organic fertilizer 2-3 m3/667m2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
10-15 kg/667m2, then, rotary tillage about 10-15cm sufficiently levels land, bedder- planter, row spacing 1m or 2m, the high 3-5cm in ridge,
Select salt-enduring cultivars, using etc. line-spacings sow, line-spacing is 10cm or so, and application rate is 20-25 kg/667m2, depth of planting 3-
4cm after sowing, one layer of rice husk is covered on ridge, is subject to and covers full ridge earth's surface;
S5, it pours water in due course, carries out conventional field management: being equipped using water-fertilizer integral trickle irrigation and carry out watering, fertilizing, after planting 5
It or so, emergence are poured for 10 days or so applies microbial bacteria and root-inducing powder, and microbial bacteria dosage is 0.5-1 kg/667m2, root-inducing powder
For 15-20g/667m2;Spring irrigation is carried out at the beginning of -5 months by the end of April coming year, depending on temperature, spring irrigation can be postponed when temperature is low, and pour and apply
Microbial bacteria dosage is 1-2 kg/667m2, it is required to loose ground between 3-5 days after pouring water every time, remaining same Routine Management;
S6, second year harvest wheat June for the first time, and straw-returning applies 10 kg/667m of urea2, agriculture Citroen zx straw decomposing inoculant
1.5L/667m2, plough 20-30cm, level land, directly sowing sesbania, until harvested before seam broken, (about mid-September) then
Wheat is sowed according to step S3, S4, field management is the same as step S5.
Further, the marine solonchak total salt content is 5-7g/kg, pH 7.5-8.1.
Further, in the step S1, the organic fertilizer of application is the cow dung fermented or pig manure.
Further, in the step S5, it is described pour in the microorganism fertilizer applied contained strain be Trichoderma, bacillus and
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, mass ratio are about 1.5:1:1.
Further, after crop rotation 1-2, marine solonchak salinity has dropped 30%-40%, and bulk density has dropped 10-30%, has
Machine matter content improves 30%-50%, and edaphon content improves 2-7 times.
The invention has the following advantages:
The salt content that marine solonchak is effectively reduced by sesbania-wheat crop rotation plantation, gradually improves soil quality, mentions
The content of organic matter and content of microorganisms in high soil, have certain economic benefit, and have economical, simple, sustainable
The characteristics of property.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment
The present embodiment carries out in coastal saline-alkali area, the Tangshan, Hebei Province area Cao Feidian.Experimental field belong to NaCl type strand salt
Soil, total soil phosphorus 6-7g/kg, pH 7.5-8.0, bulk density 1.67g/cm3, content of organic matter 9.61g/kg, available nitrogen
Content is 28.19 mg/kg, 20.52 mg/kg quick-acting potassium content of available phosphorus, 609 mg/kg.
A kind of method that sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality, includes the following steps:
S1, arable land fertilizing, bedder- planter: the front and back Ching Ming Festival First Year applies 4 m of cow dung fermented3/667m2, corn stover
3 m3/667m2, 400 kg/667m of ardealite2, then plough 30-40cm, ridging, row spacing 40cm, the high 20cm in ridge, two on ridge
Sesbania is sowed on side, broadcasts preceding 40-50 DEG C of water seed soaking for 24 hours, application rate 6kg/667m2,;
S2, trickle irrigation watering, water-saving control salt: being to work as soil matrix gesture before emergence according to watering with the soil matrix gesture of sesbania
It is irrigated when greater than 5Kpa, when seedling length to 3 true leaves, is irrigated, filled when being changed to soil matrix gesture greater than 10Kpa
Using the drip irrigation appliance dedicated for salt-soda soil with oxygenation pressurization function when irrigating;
S3, sesbania harvest, straw-returning: mid or late September gathers in sesbania, and stalk crushes total crop return, turns over and buries 25-30cm, so
Small water pours afterwards, is in close contact stalk and soil, and moisture creating 3-5 days;
S4, site preparation and fertilization sow wheat: in the suitable situation of soil moisture content, applying 2 m of organic fertilizer3/667m2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15
kg/667m2, then rotary tillage about 10-15cm, sufficiently levels land, bedder- planter, row spacing 2m, the high 3-5cm in ridge, selects salt tolerant product
Kind good star 99, using etc. line-spacings sow, line-spacing is 10cm or so, and application rate is 25 kg/667m2, depth of planting 3-4cm, sowing
After, one layer of rice husk is covered on ridge, is subject to the covering of full ridge;
S5, it pours water in due course, carries out conventional field management: being equipped using water-fertilizer integral trickle irrigation and carry out watering, fertilizing, after planting 5
It or so, emergence are poured for 10 days or so applies microbial bacteria and root-inducing powder, and microbial bacteria dosage is 0.5 kg/667m2, root-inducing powder
For 18g/667m2;Spring irrigation is carried out at the beginning of -5 months by the end of April coming year, depending on temperature, spring irrigation can be postponed when temperature is low, and pour Shi Wei
Biological bacteria, dosage 1.2kg/667m2, loose ground is required between 3-5 days after pouring water every time;
Contained strain is Trichoderma, bacillus and phosphate solubilizing bacteria in the microorganism fertilizer, and mass ratio is about 1.5:1:1;
S6, second year harvest wheat, straw-returning June for the first time, and mu applies 10 kg/667m of urea2, agriculture Citroen zx straw decomposing
1.5 L/667m of agent2, plough 20-30cm, it levels land, directly sowing sesbania, until (about mid-September) is harvested before seam broken,
Then wheat is sowed according to step S3, S4, field management is the same as step S5.
S7, after crop rotation 1-2, through detect marine solonchak salinity have dropped 30%-40%, bulk density has dropped 10-30%, has
Machine matter content improves 30%-50%, and edaphon content improves 2-7 times (table 1), and second year wheat yield is more obvious than First Year to be mentioned
High (table 1).
1 2016-2018 soil property index of table and wheat yield
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this has no effect on this
The substantive content of invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can arbitrarily mutual group
It closes.
Claims (5)
1. the method that a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation promotes marine solonchak soil quality, which comprises the steps of:
S1, arable land fertilizing, bedder- planter: the front and back Ching Ming Festival First Year applies organic fertilizer 3-5m3/667m2, corn or rice straw
3-5 m3/667m2, ardealite 400-500kg/667m2, then plough 30-40cm, ridging, row spacing 40cm, the high 15- in ridge
20cm, sesbania is sowed on both sides on ridge, before broadcasting for 24 hours with 40-50 DEG C of water seed soaking, application rate 5-6kg/667m2;
S2, trickle irrigation watering, water-saving control salt: being that foundation is watered with soil matrix gesture, before emergence, soil matrix gesture is greater than 5Kpa
When irrigated, when seedling it is long to 3 true leaves when, irrigated when being changed to soil matrix gesture greater than 10Kpa, when irrigation uses
The drip irrigation appliance dedicated for salt-soda soil with oxygenation pressurization function;
S3, sesbania harvest, straw-returning: mid or late September gathers in sesbania, and stalk crushes total crop return, turns over and buries 25-30cm, so
Small water pours afterwards, is in close contact stalk and soil, and moisture creating 3-5 days;
S4, site preparation and fertilization sow wheat: in the suitable situation of soil moisture content, applying organic fertilizer 2-3 m3/667m2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10-
15 kg/667m2, then, rotary tillage about 10-15cm sufficiently levels land, slightly ridging 3-5cm high, row spacing 1m or 2m, selects resistance to
Salt kind, using line-spacings drilling equal on ridge, line-spacing is 10cm or so, and application rate is 20-25 kg/667m2, depth of planting 3-
4cm after sowing, covers one layer of rice husk on ridge, is subject to the covering of full ridge;
S5, it pours water in due course, carries out conventional field management: being equipped using water-fertilizer integral trickle irrigation and carry out watering, fertilizing, after planting 5
It, emergence pour within 10 days and to apply microbial bacteria and root-inducing powder, microbial bacteria dosage is 0.5-1 kg/667m2, root-inducing powder dosage is
15-20g/667m2;Spring irrigation at the beginning of -5 months by the end of April coming year can postpone spring irrigation, and pour and apply microorganism depending on temperature when temperature is low
Bacterium, dosage are 1-2 kg/667m2, it is required to loose ground between 3-5 days after pouring water every time, remaining same Routine Management;
S6, second year harvest wheat June for the first time, and straw-returning applies 10 kg/667m of urea2, agriculture Citroen zx straw decomposing inoculant
1.5 L/667m2, plough 20-30cm, level land, directly sowing sesbania, until harvested before seam broken, then according to step S3,
S4 sows wheat, and field management is the same as step S5.
2. the method that a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation as described in claim 1 promotes marine solonchak soil quality, feature exist
In the marine solonchak total salt content is 5-7g/kg, pH 7.5-8.1.
3. the method that a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation as described in claim 1 promotes marine solonchak soil quality, feature exist
In in the step S1, the organic fertilizer of application is the cow dung fermented or pig manure.
4. the method that a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation as described in claim 1 promotes marine solonchak soil quality, feature exist
In in the step S5, described to pour in the microbial bacteria applied contained strain be Trichoderma, bacillus and phosphate solubilizing bacteria, mass ratio
For 1.5:1:1.
5. the method that a kind of sesbania-wheat crop rotation as described in claim 1 promotes marine solonchak soil quality, feature exist
In after crop rotation 1-2, marine solonchak salinity has dropped 30%-40%, and bulk density has dropped 10-30%, and the content of organic matter improves
30%-50%, edaphon content improve 2-7 times.
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Cited By (6)
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CN110959357A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-07 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Saline-alkali-resistant wheat seeding base fertilizer application method |
CN111010919A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Biochemical improvement method for severe saline-alkali soil |
CN111758518A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-13 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil quality through sesbania-sunflower crop rotation |
CN114145199A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Efficient sesbania-wheat crop rotation method for coastal saline-alkali soil |
CN114391326A (en) * | 2021-12-18 | 2022-04-26 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Beach soil improvement method |
CN116076319A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-05-09 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Annual rotation planting method for rape-sesbania in coastal saline-alkali soil |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110959357A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-07 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Saline-alkali-resistant wheat seeding base fertilizer application method |
CN111010919A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Biochemical improvement method for severe saline-alkali soil |
CN111758518A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-13 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil quality through sesbania-sunflower crop rotation |
CN114190249A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-03-18 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Application of sesbania-sunflower crop rotation and method for improving saline-alkali soil quality |
CN114145199A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Efficient sesbania-wheat crop rotation method for coastal saline-alkali soil |
CN114391326A (en) * | 2021-12-18 | 2022-04-26 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Beach soil improvement method |
CN116076319A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-05-09 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Annual rotation planting method for rape-sesbania in coastal saline-alkali soil |
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Application publication date: 20190419 |