CN108770617A - Mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and the method that Radish turns over returning to the field culture fertility - Google Patents
Mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and the method that Radish turns over returning to the field culture fertility Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
The invention discloses the methods that a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility, comprise the steps of：(1) Chinese milk vetch and the no-tillage rice bottom mixed seeding of Radish；(2) late rice is gathered in；(3) field management；(4) returning to the field is turned over；A1, period is turned over：According to local early rice production season, 15d is turned over before early rice rice transplanting, and during which Chinese milk vetch enters full-bloom stage, Radish enters the colored pod phase；A2, mode is turned over：Returning to the field is turned over using non watered ploughing method, before turning over, applies stalk and promotees rotten agent, then 1.5~2.5kg/ mus of applied amount turns over Chinese milk vetch and Radish together, tilling depth 15~20cm, rear 2~3d of dry field, then pour water harrow a field after can plant early rice.The present invention uses Chinese milk vetch and the bottom mixed seeding of Radish rice, turns over the chemical fertilizer input amount that can be reduced after returning to the field in early rice plantation, non-tillage field, rice bottom mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish, dart transfer improve labor productivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and infertile field trailing plants
Foretell the method for turning over returning to the field culture fertility.
Background technology
Green manure is the essence of China's traditional agriculture, as a kind of biological source of manure, has Soil building, improves quality of agricultural product
Effect.In recent years, with the deterioration of soil environment, demand of the people to green agricultural product is continuously increased.Modern agriculture, which is called, to be passed
The essence of system agricultural returns, and the Ministry of Agriculture in 2015 proposes the target that the year two thousand twenty realizes " it is basic that a control two subtracts three ", also formulates
?《To the year two thousand twenty fertilizer application amount zero growth rate action scheme》, and green manure crop is planted and utilizes, be conducive to Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied application,
To ensureing agricultural product security, protect the fields ecological environment, promotes agricultural sustainable development important in inhibiting.
Guangxi belongs to subtropical monsoon climate district, and winter sunlight-heat reaources are abundant, and the Winter paddy field of annual suitable planting green manure is 60
Ten thousand hm2More than, Winter paddy field is made full use of, it is to ensure that Southern Red Soil ecosystem persistence stablizes health hair to carry out green manure and cross abdomen returning to the field
One of means of exhibition.
Chinese milk vetch is that pulse family Astragalus gets over year raw herbaceous plant, has stronger nitrogen fixing capacity；Radish is Cruciferae
Rhaphanus gets over year raw herbaceous plant, has preferable absorption ability to the phosphate of indissoluble liquid in soil.Chinese milk vetch and Radish have
The effect of culture fertility is land used, increases soil fertility, improvement middle-and-low-yielding fields, build the effective way in stable high yield farmland, it helps
The development for promoting leisure agriculture and rural tourism, is the rice field winter green manure crop that Guangxi is promoted mainly.
But in pattern of farming, mainly based on Chinese milk vetch, Radish unicast, the two mixed seeding is more rare.Unicast is being planted
In plant, the growth characteristics and fertilizer efficiency feature of different green manure kinds are not excavated fully, play the fertilizing effect of Green manuring.Cause
This, studies the Mix-culture and returning to the field technology of Chinese milk vetch and Radish, will give full play to leguminous green manure and Cruciferae green manure
Characteristic reaches green manure green forage yield height, and improvement of soil fertility effect is good, and Rice Cropping chemical fertilizer subtracts the target applied.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art providing one kind passing through double rice cropping system leguminous green manure and cross
The green manure mixed seeding of flower section, improves green manure green forage yield and nutrient content reaches culture fertility to improve soil organic matter content,
Stubble rice chemical fertilizer subtracts the method applied after reduction.
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
Mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and the method that Radish turns over returning to the field culture fertility, by following step
Rapid composition：
(1) Chinese milk vetch and the no-tillage rice bottom mixed seeding of Radish
A1, application rate：1.2~1.8kg/ mus of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds application rate, 0.8~1.2kg/ of Radish seed application rate
Mu；
A2, sowing time：10-20 days before late rice harvest, sowed after the neat fringe eave tile of late rice；
A3, soil requirement：Paddy soil should keep moisture state when sowing；
A4, type of seeding：Non-tillage field can be light with bamboo pole after planting in rice bottom mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish seed
It is light to stir rice strain, the seed on rice leaf will be rested on and dial landing face；Type of seeding is based on artificial broadcast or miniature seeding machine sowing；
(2) late rice is gathered in
A1, the high-stubble mode gathered in rice and make 30~50cm of rice straw holding；The mode of rice harvesting mainly selects water
Rice is combined
Harvester or hand harvest；
(3) field management
A1, trench digging：It is ditched in rice field using crawler type ditching machine after rice harvesting, forms " ten " font or " well " word
Shape gutter system；
A2, fertilising：In the seedling stage of Chinese milk vetch and Radish, 15~23kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 3~7kg of urea are applied per acre；
A3, disease control：It is periodically mould using 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 800 times~1000 times liquid, 65% first
800 times~1000 times liquid of one kind and 50% carbendazol wettable powder of 800 times~1000 times liquid of clever wettable powder,
1.5% powder embroider would rather 1000 times~1500 times liquid of wet powder a kind of controlling disease；
A4, pest control：Periodically use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times~1500 times liquid or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1000
Times liquid pest control；
(4) returning to the field is turned over
A1, period is turned over：According to local early rice production season, 15d is turned over before early rice rice transplanting, and during which Chinese milk vetch enters Sheng
Florescence, Radish enter the colored pod phase；
A2, mode is turned over：Returning to the field is turned over using non watered ploughing method, before turning over, the rotten agent of application stalk rush, applied amount 1.5~
2.5kg/ mus, then Chinese milk vetch and Radish are turned over together, tilling depth 15~20cm, rear 2~3d of dry field, then after pouring water and harrowing a field
Early rice can be planted.
Wherein, the stalk promotees rotten agent by cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degradation bacterium, lignin-degrading bacteria and organic
Material is made.
Wherein, the cellulose-degrading bacteria is bacillus, and the hemicellulose degradation bacterium is such as Ovshinsky clostridium, the wood
Quality degradation bacteria be whiterot fungi, brown rot fungus, soft-rot fungi one or more, tannic acid that the organic materials is, guaiacol,
The compound of humic acid, chitosan composition.
Preferably, the organic materials is the compound being made of the following raw material of mass parts：0.1~0.3 part of tannic acid,
1~2 part of guaiacol, 80~100 parts of humic acid, 5~10 parts of chitosan.
Wherein, the Chinese milk vetch selects middle-late ripening variety, Radish to select short-stalked variety.
Wherein, the Chinese milk vetch is one or more of in the purple series in osmanthus.
Wherein, in the a4 steps of described (1), when sowing, uses mass ratio for 1：1~2 calcium magnesium phosphate and plant ash with
Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and the mixing of Radish seed, are sowed after mixing thoroughly.
Wherein, the step (4) turns over also Tanaka, and quick lime is also used to adjust soil pH value as 6~7.
Wherein, in the step (1), the percent water of paddy soil is 18.5~20% when sowing.
In the disease control of the present invention, 70% 800 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder~1000 times of liquid, 65% Jiameiling
800 times~1000 times liquid of wettable powder are mainly used for preventing sclerotiniose, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times~1000
Times liquid, 1.5% powder embroider would rather 1000 times~1500 times liquid of wet powder for preventing powdery mildew.Sclerotiniose and powdery mildew are purple cloud
The disease of easy infection in English and Radish growth course.
In the pest control of the present invention, the insect pest of Chinese milk vetch and Radish mainly has aphid, thrips.40% Rogor can be used
1000 times~1500 times liquid of missible oil or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid are anti-to eliminate aphis and thrips.
The present invention carries out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, germ band when avoiding turning over returning to the field using drug to Chinese milk vetch and Radish
Enter soil, influences the growth of later stage rice.
The stalk of the present invention promotees rotten bacterium and is made of cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degradation bacterium, lignin-degrading bacteria, preferably
Selection bacillus, such as Ovshinsky clostridium and whiterot fungi, brown rot fungus, soft-rot fungi one or more cooperation, can contain in the soil
Suitable laccase, manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase enzyme system are secreted under the conditions of oxygen amount is lower, can promote purple cloud
English, Radish and rice straw corruption degradation.The organic materials of the present invention is single by tannic acid, guaiacol, humic acid, chitosan
Organic matter in peaceful acid, guaiacol and humic acid can promote point of laccase, manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase
It secretes, improves the enzyme activity that stalk promotees rotten bacterium, promote the degradation of Chinese milk vetch, Radish and stalk.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
1, non-tillage field, rice bottom mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish, dart transfer improve labor productivity.
2, Chinese milk vetch and Radish mixed seeding, above and below ground spatial complementary utilize, and rhizosphere nutrient mutual assistance improves green manure
Fresh biomass and nutrient content are conducive to the proportional balancing method of the nutrients such as green manure nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
3, it is the heat preservation soil moisture conservation of seedling stage green manure that late rice harvesting, which uses high-stubble mode, early period,；When later stage green manure returning to the field decomposition, rice
Grass can provide carbon source, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of green manure, formed " carbon nitrogen mutually helps ", be conducive to decomposition.
4, green manure can cause the accumulation of soil reduction process substance in the case where water ploughs returning to the field mode, generate hydrogen sulfide, cause soil
Eh declines, Accumulation of Organic Acids, and pH declines, so as to cause rice anisopliae.The present invention turns over returning to the field using non watered ploughing method, can prevent rice
Runt seedling.
5, green manure mixed seeding improves green forage yield, if fresh grass is excessively high, decomposition is slower, it will influences the plantation of later stage rice.
The present invention by adding the rotten agent of stalk rush is conducive to that green manure decomposition, the nutrients such as release N P and K is accelerated to be conducive to later stage kind
Subtracting for planting paddy rice chemical fertilizer is applied.
6, culture fertility, reduces the chemical fertilizer input amount in early rice plantation, and the chemical fertilizer that early rice plantation can reduce 20%-40% is applied
Dosage.
7, Chinese milk vetch and Radish form landscape effect red and white in full-bloom stage, are conducive to sightseeing tour.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment and experiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility method its by following steps
Composition：
(1) Chinese milk vetch and the no-tillage rice bottom mixed seeding of Radish
A1, application rate：1.5kg/ mus of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds application rate, 1kg/ mus of Radish seed application rate；
A2, sowing time：It harvests first 15 days in late rice, is sowed after the neat fringe eave tile of late rice；The Chinese milk vetch selects Mid-late ripening product
Kind, select the osmanthus Chinese milk vetch 7 in the purple series in osmanthus；Radish selects short-stalked variety.
A3, soil requirement：Paddy soil should keep moisture state when sowing；The percent water of soil is 19%.
A4, type of seeding：Non-tillage field can be light with bamboo pole after planting in rice bottom mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish seed
It is light to stir rice strain, the seed on rice leaf will be rested on and dial landing face；Use mass ratio for 1 when sowing：1 calcium magnesium phosphate and vegetation
Ash is mixed with Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Radish seed, is sowed after mixing thoroughly；
(2) late rice is gathered in
A1, the high-stubble mode gathered in rice and make rice straw holding 40cm；
(3) field management
A1, trench digging：It is ditched in rice field using crawler type ditching machine after rice harvesting, forms " ten " font or " well " word
Shape gutter system；
A2, fertilising：In the seedling stage of Chinese milk vetch and Radish, calcium magnesium phosphate 20kg, urea 5kg are applied per acre；
A3, disease control：It is periodically wettable using 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 900 times of liquid and 50% carbendazim
Property 900 times of liquid controlling diseases of pulvis；
A4, pest control：Periodically use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 1200 times of liquid liquid pest controls；
(4) returning to the field is turned over
A1, period is turned over：According to local early rice production season, 15d is turned over before early rice rice transplanting, and during which Chinese milk vetch enters Sheng
Florescence, Radish enter the colored pod phase；
A2, mode is turned over：Returning to the field is turned over using non watered ploughing method, before turning over, quick lime is also used to adjust soil pH value as 7,
Apply stalk and promote rotten agent, then 2.0kg/ mus of applied amount turns over Chinese milk vetch and Radish together, tilling depth 18cm, rear dry field
3d, then pour water harrow a field after can plant early rice.The stalk promotees rotten agent by cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degradation bacterium, wood
Quality degradation bacteria and organic materials are made, and the cellulose-degrading bacteria is bacillus, and the hemicellulose degradation bacterium is as difficult to understand
Family name clostridium, the lignin-degrading bacteria are whiterot fungi, brown rot fungus, soft-rot fungi.The organic materials is the following original by mass parts
Expect the compound of composition：0.2 part of tannic acid, 2 parts of guaiacol, 90 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of chitosan.
Embodiment 2
Mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility method its by following steps
Composition：
(1) Chinese milk vetch and the no-tillage rice bottom mixed seeding of Radish
A1, application rate：1.8kg/ mus of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds application rate, 0.8kg/ mus of Radish seed application rate；
A2, sowing time：It harvests first 20 days in late rice, is sowed after the neat fringe eave tile of late rice；The Chinese milk vetch selects Mid-late ripening product
Kind, select the osmanthus Chinese milk vetch 7 in the purple series in osmanthus, Radish to select short-stalked variety；
A3, soil requirement：Paddy soil should keep moisture state when sowing；The percent water of soil is 18.5%.
A4, type of seeding：Non-tillage field can be light with bamboo pole after planting in rice bottom mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish seed
It is light to stir rice strain, the seed on rice leaf will be rested on and dial landing face；Use mass ratio for 1 when sowing：2 calcium magnesium phosphate and vegetation
Ash is mixed with Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Radish seed, is sowed after mixing thoroughly；
(2) late rice is gathered in
A1, the high-stubble mode gathered in rice and make rice straw holding 50cm；
(3) field management
A1, trench digging：It is ditched in rice field using crawler type ditching machine after rice harvesting, forms " ten " font or " well " word
Shape gutter system；
A2, fertilising：In the seedling stage of Chinese milk vetch and Radish, calcium magnesium phosphate 15kg, urea 7kg are applied per acre；
A3, disease control：It periodically can using 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid and 50% carbendazim
1000 times of liquid controlling diseases of wet powder；
A4, pest control：Periodically use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid pest controls；
(4) returning to the field is turned over
A1, period is turned over：According to local early rice production season, 15d is turned over before early rice rice transplanting, and during which Chinese milk vetch enters Sheng
Florescence, Radish enter the colored pod phase；
A2, mode is turned over：Returning to the field is turned over using non watered ploughing method, before turning over, quick lime is also used to adjust soil pH value as 7,
Apply stalk and promote rotten agent, then 1.5kg/ mus of applied amount turns over Chinese milk vetch and Radish together, tilling depth 20cm, rear dry field
2d, then pour water harrow a field after can plant early rice.The stalk promotees rotten agent by cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degradation bacterium, wood
Quality degradation bacteria and organic materials are made, and the cellulose-degrading bacteria is bacillus, and the hemicellulose degradation bacterium is as difficult to understand
Family name clostridium, the lignin-degrading bacteria are whiterot fungi, and the organic materials is the compound being made of the following raw material of mass parts：
0.3 part of tannic acid, 1 part of guaiacol, 100 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of chitosan.
Embodiment 3
Mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility method its by following steps
Composition：
(1) Chinese milk vetch and the no-tillage rice bottom mixed seeding of Radish
A1, application rate：1.2kg/ mus of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds application rate, 1.2kg/ mus of Radish seed application rate；
A2, sowing time：It harvests first 10 days in late rice, is sowed after the neat fringe eave tile of late rice；The Chinese milk vetch selects Mid-late ripening product
Kind, select peaceful No. 72 of duckweed in the purple series in osmanthus；Radish selects short-stalked variety；
A3, soil requirement：Paddy soil should keep moisture state when sowing；The percent water of soil is 20%.
A4, type of seeding：Non-tillage field can be light with bamboo pole after planting in rice bottom mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish seed
It is light to stir rice strain, the seed on rice leaf will be rested on and dial landing face；Use mass ratio for 1 when sowing：1 calcium magnesium phosphate and vegetation
Ash is mixed with Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Radish seed, is sowed after mixing thoroughly；
(2) late rice is gathered in
A1, the high-stubble mode gathered in rice and make rice straw holding 50cm；
(3) field management
A1, trench digging：It is ditched in rice field using crawler type ditching machine after rice harvesting, forms " ten " font or " well " word
Shape gutter system；
A2, fertilising：In the seedling stage of Chinese milk vetch and Radish, calcium magnesium phosphate 23kg, urea 3kg are applied per acre；
A3, disease control：It periodically would rather be moist using 65% Jiameiling wettable powder, 800 times of liquid and 1.5% powder embroidery
1000 times of liquid controlling diseases of pulvis；
A4, pest control：Periodically use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid pest controls；
(4) returning to the field is turned over
A1, period is turned over：According to local early rice production season, 15d is turned over before early rice rice transplanting, and during which Chinese milk vetch enters Sheng
Florescence, Radish enter the colored pod phase；
A2, mode is turned over：Returning to the field is turned over using non watered ploughing method, before turning over, quick lime is also used to adjust soil pH value as 6,
Apply stalk and promote rotten agent, then 2.5kg/ mus of applied amount turns over Chinese milk vetch and Radish together, tilling depth 15cm, rear dry field
3d, then pour water harrow a field after can plant early rice.The stalk promotees rotten agent by cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degradation bacterium, wood
Quality degradation bacteria and organic materials are made, and the cellulose-degrading bacteria is bacillus, and the hemicellulose degradation bacterium is as difficult to understand
Family name clostridium, the lignin-degrading bacteria are whiterot fungi and brown rot fungus.The organic materials is to be made of the following raw material of mass parts
Compound：0.1 part of tannic acid, 2 parts of guaiacol, 80 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of chitosan.
In order to illustrate the technique effect of the present invention, following control group is set.
Control group 1
Control group 1 is left unused after gathering in rice until planting early rice (Winter paddy field) after the beginning of spring.
Control group 2
Control group 2 and a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish of embodiment 1 turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method it is essentially identical, difference lies in 2 plantation Chinese milk vetch of, control group.
Control group 3
Control group 3 and a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish of embodiment 1 turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method it is essentially identical, difference lies in 3 plantation Radishs of, control group.
Control group 4
Control group 4 and a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish of embodiment 1 turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method it is essentially identical, the organic materials for promoting rotten agent difference lies in the stalk of, control group 4 only contains humic acid.
Control group 5
Control group 5 and a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish of embodiment 1 turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method it is essentially identical, promote the organic matter in rotten agent difference lies in the stalk of, control group 5 and do not contain guaiacol.
Control group 6
Control group 6 and a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish of embodiment 1 turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method it is essentially identical, difference lies in the stalks of, control group 6 to promote not containing hemicellulose degradation bacterium in rotten agent.
Control group 7
Control group 7 and a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish of embodiment 1 turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method it is essentially identical, the step of difference lies in, control group 7 (4), turns over also Tanaka, a2, turns over mode：Returning to the field side is ploughed using water
Formula.
Test effect
Select Guangxi double cropping of rice production district Longan County as Rice Cropping pilot test unit, according to 1~embodiment of embodiment 3
And a kind of no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch in double rice cropping system and Radish of the offer of 1~control group of control group 7 turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method culture fertility, when rice cultivation, in addition to control group 1,1~embodiment of embodiment 3 and 2~control group of control group 7 are equal
Reduce by 20% fertilizer application amount.Green forage yield and rice yield under each cropping pattern are counted, is counted in the following table 1, and examine
It surveys soil physical and chemical property after green manure turns over returning to the field 15d to change, count in table 2.
1. different land use patterns green forage yield of table and rice yield
As shown in Table 1,1~embodiment of embodiment 3 is compared with 1~control group of control group 3,1~embodiment of embodiment 3
Also there is higher rice yield, and rice per mu yield in the case of reducing the usage amount of 20% chemical fertilizer：1~embodiment of embodiment
3 2~control groups of > control groups 3 are more than control group 1, illustrate that the present invention turns over returning to the field using no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish
The fertility that paddy soil can be improved greatly reduces the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, and soil fertility is good after turning over returning to the field, rice per mu yield
It is high.1~embodiment of embodiment 3 is compared with control group 7, rice per mu yield：1~embodiment of embodiment, 3 > control groups 7, explanation is adopted
Easily there is runt seedling phenomenon in rice after ploughing returning to the field mode with water, to reduce the yield of rice.1~embodiment of embodiment 3 with it is right
It is compared according to group 4~control group 6, rice per mu yield：1~embodiment of embodiment, 3 4~control group of > control groups 6, illustrates that the present invention adopts
It after promoting rotten bacterium with stalk, so that Chinese milk vetch, Radish is preferably degenerated degradation, be conducive to the absorption of rice, improve water
The yield of rice.
Soil physical and chemical property changes after 2. green manure of table turns over returning to the field 15d
As shown in Table 2, the organic matter in the soil of 1~embodiment of embodiment 3, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus contents are than control
Group 1~control group 7 is high, illustrates that the present invention is turned over returning to the field and paddy soil can be improved using no-tillage mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish
Fertility.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, it is all the present invention suggested by technical spirit under completed same changes or modifications change, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system is no-tillage and the method that Radish turns over returning to the field culture fertility, which is characterized in that its
It comprises the steps of：
(1) Chinese milk vetch and the no-tillage rice bottom mixed seeding of Radish
A1, application rate：1.2~1.8kg/ mus of Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds application rate, 0.8~1.2kg/ mus of Radish seed application rate；
A2, sowing time：10-20 days before late rice harvest, sowed after the neat fringe eave tile of late rice；
A3, soil requirement：Paddy soil should keep moisture state when sowing；
A4, type of seeding：Non-tillage field can gently be dialled in rice bottom mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch and Radish seed after planting with bamboo pole
Dynamic rice strain, will rest on the seed on rice leaf and dials landing face；
(2) late rice is gathered in
A1, the high-stubble mode gathered in rice and make 30~50cm of rice straw holding；
(3) field management
A1, trench digging：It is ditched in rice field using crawler type ditching machine after rice harvesting, forms " ten " font or " well " font row
Ditch system；
A2, fertilising：In the seedling stage of Chinese milk vetch and Radish, 15~23kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 3~7kg of urea are applied per acre；
A3, disease control：Periodically use 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 800 times~1000 times liquid, 65% Jiameiling can
One kind and 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800 times~1000 times liquid, 1.5% powder of 800 times~1000 times liquid of wet powder
Embroider would rather 1000 times~1500 times liquid of wet powder a kind of controlling disease；
A4, pest control：Periodically use 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times~1500 times liquid or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid
Pest control；
(4) returning to the field is turned over
A1, period is turned over：According to local early rice production season, 15d is turned over before early rice rice transplanting, and during which Chinese milk vetch enters full blossom
Phase, Radish enter the colored pod phase；
A2, mode is turned over：Returning to the field is turned over using non watered ploughing method, before turning over, applies stalk and promotees rotten agent, 1.5~2.5kg/ of applied amount
Mu, then Chinese milk vetch and Radish are turned over together, tilling depth 15~20cm, rear 2~3d of dry field, then pour water harrow a field after can plant
Plant early rice.
2. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 1 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, which is characterized in that the stalk promotees rotten agent by cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degradation bacterium, lignin-degrading bacteria
And organic materials is made.
3. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 2 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, which is characterized in that the cellulose-degrading bacteria is bacillus, the hemicellulose degradation bacterium be such as Ovshinsky clostridium,
The lignin-degrading bacteria be whiterot fungi, brown rot fungus, soft-rot fungi one or more, tannic acid that the organic materials is, more
The compound of the wooden phenol of wound, humic acid, chitosan composition.
4. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 3 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, which is characterized in that the organic materials is the compound that forms of the following raw material by mass parts：Tannic acid 0.1~0.3
Part, 1~2 part of guaiacol, 80~100 parts of humic acid, 5~10 parts of chitosan.
5. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 1 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, which is characterized in that the Chinese milk vetch selects middle-late ripening variety, Radish to select short-stalked variety.
6. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 1 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, which is characterized in that the Chinese milk vetch is one or more of osmanthus purple series.
7. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 1 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, it is characterised in that：In the a4 steps of (1), when sowing, uses mass ratio for 1：1~2 calcium magnesium phosphate and grass
Wood ash is mixed with Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds and Radish seed, is sowed after mixing thoroughly.
8. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 1 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, it is characterised in that：The step (4) turns over also Tanaka, and quick lime is also used to adjust soil pH value as 6~7.
9. mixed seeding Chinese milk vetch that a kind of double rice cropping system according to claim 1 is no-tillage and Radish turn over returning to the field culture fertility
Method, it is characterised in that：In the step (1), the percent water of paddy soil is 18.5~20% when sowing.
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| CN110199786A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of rice spiral shell symbiotic cultivation method based on green manure |
| CN110934049A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-31 | 汉中市农业科学研究所（陕西省水稻研究所） | Rice field fertilizer decrement and efficiency improvement method |
| CN111183777A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-22 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Annual fertilization method for double-cropping rice fertile field radish planting mode |
| CN113179890A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-07-30 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Rice planting method for increasing amino acid content |
| CN113348838A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-07 | 遵义师范学院 | Chemical fertilizer reduced application method for rice and green manure crop rotation in Guizhou mountain land |
| CN113348838B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-06-21 | 遵义师范学院 | Chemical fertilizer reduced application method for rice and green manure crop rotation in Guizhou mountain land |
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