CN109565993A - A kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method - Google Patents
A kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109565993A CN109565993A CN201910013516.2A CN201910013516A CN109565993A CN 109565993 A CN109565993 A CN 109565993A CN 201910013516 A CN201910013516 A CN 201910013516A CN 109565993 A CN109565993 A CN 109565993A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method, the modification method includes Step 1: uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields soil conditioner 160-360kg and biological growth promotion bacterial manure 40-60kg on salt-soda soil per acre；Step 2: salt-soda soil is carried out subsoiling, is ploughed deeply and rotary tillage processing；Step 3: salt-soda soil is irrigated, and saline-alkali tolerant crop of choosing seeds is sowed；Modification method of the present invention can increase soil organic matter content by the addition of soil conditioner and biological growth promotion bacterial manure, reduce soil pH value, increase rhizosphere soil beneficial microbe colony, and subsoiling is cooperated to plough deeply the tillage control measure of rotary tillage, soil texture can be improved and guarantee the even distribution of soil improvement raw material, improve the permeability of soil, then be conducive to the growth of plant and microorganism, the salinity in soil is fully absorbed, reclamation result is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to alkaline land improving technical fields, and in particular to a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method.
Background technique
Salt-soda soil is a type of salt aggregation, refers to that salinity contained by soil the inside influences the normal life of crop
Long, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in whole world salt-soda soil is 9.5438 hundred million hectares,
Wherein China is 99,130,000 hectares；However, the formation of Chinese solonchak and alkali-affected soil, most of accumulative with Carbonates In Soil
It is related, thus basicity is generally higher, serious salt affected soil regional plant can hardly survive.
Currently, the modification method for being directed to salt-soda soil includes the method for the purpose of reducing soil salt, for example, by using
The chemical modifying method of the modifying agents such as ardealite, calcium superphosphate, humic acid, peat, acid-sludge；And by plant itself to saline and alkaline
Tolerance based on, plant the biological modification method of saline alkali tolerant plant；However, existing common alkaline land improving technological means,
The problem of that there are improved effects is poor mostly, and consuming time is long, and the crop of salt-soda soil plantation often because germinate and grow by
Inhibit, leads to biological (crop) low output, be difficult to form economic benefit in short term.
Summary of the invention
For this purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method, to solve in the prior art to saline and alkaline
Ground improved effect is poor, the consuming time is longer and long-term cropping low output, it is difficult to the problem of forming economic benefit.
To achieve the goals above, embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
In the first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method, above-mentioned improvement are provided
Method includes the following steps:
Step 1: uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields soil conditioner 160-360kg and biological growth promotion bacterial manure 40- on salt-soda soil per acre
60kg；
Step 2: salt-soda soil is carried out subsoiling, is ploughed deeply and rotary tillage processing；
Step 3: salt-soda soil is irrigated, and saline-alkali tolerant crop of choosing seeds is sowed.
Further, in the step 1, salt-soda soil, which is also spread fertilizer over the fields, per acre desulfurized gypsum 400-1200kg and decomposed organic
Fertile 800-2000kg.
Further, the subsoiling depth >=30cm；It is described to plough deeply depth >=20cm；The rotary tillage depth is 0-15cm.
Above-mentioned modification method of the invention can be quick by the addition of soil conditioner, desulfurized gypsum and decomposed manure
Increase soil with organic matter content, reduce soil pH, increase soil effective microorganisms, and subsoiling is cooperated to plough deeply the farming of rotary tillage
Measure can improve soil aggregate structure and guarantee the uniformity of soil improvement feed distribution, improve the permeability of soil, benefit
In the growth of plant and microorganism；Plant vigorous growth is promoted by the addition of biological growth promotion bacterial manure again, and then improves nature
The mass propagation of existing rhizosphere microorganism, and further promote root system of plant it is active with absorb inorganic salts in soil etc. at
Point, the time of soil remediation can be greatly shortened.
Further, the soil conditioner is Wo Meike organic source soil conditioner；It is described biology growth promotion bacterial manure be
Good China's board ecological bulk-blending organic fertilizer (salt-soda soil is dedicated).
By selecting the above-mentioned soil conditioner containing compared with high organic, humic acid and high rotten value coefficient and cooperating salt tolerant
The tillage and cultivation mode of alkali crop, being capable of the fast lifting alkaline land soil content of organic matter, reduction soil pH, raising soil water-retaining
Water resistance and promotion soil activation；The present invention passes through the specific choice of biological growth promotion bacterial manure, can advantageously promote farming
The growth and development of the growth and development of object, especially crop root system；It improves and reinforces the biochemical functions of crops to mention
The saline-alkali tolerance energy of high crop, and improve the Soil nutritional condition of crops, increase fertilization effect, reduces applying quantity of chemical fertilizer.
Further, 40-60kg/ mus of biological growth promotion bacterial manure is shallowly applied in the seeding process.Preferably, the growth promotion
Bacterial manure is in the lower section of sowing seed.It carries out being layered to broadcast applying as seed manure by biological growth promotion bacterial manure, it is micro- to improve rhizosphere growth promotion
Biological flora quantity can preferably improve the supply of nutrient, adjust Plant Ethylene and auxin ratio, and sowing is promoted to make
The growth of object and root system.
Further, the saline-alkali tolerant crop is selected from Canadian oat, hybrid sorghum, Hybrid Mulberry root grass, hybrid millet, by force
One of muscle wheat, tomato, melon seeds, corn and clover are a variety of.The present invention by the specific choice of above-mentioned saline-alkali tolerant crop,
The yield of crop can not only be improved, additionally it is possible to which realization absorbs the salinity in salt-soda soil, when shortening the reparation in salt-soda soil
Between.
Further, the modification method further includes, according to the growth characteristic of sowing crop, in the middle and later periods of plant growth
Compound fertilizer is imposed in right amount.
In one embodiment of the invention, the modification method further includes after the crop harvest of sowing, continuing to sow
One season tall oat grass.By the sowing of tall oat grass, it can not only increase economic benefit, while tall oat grass can also absorb in soil
A large amount of salt shortens the soil improvement time.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the modification method further include: before step 1, level land, and
Soil surface weeds, remaining stalk are ploughed under into underground in company with decomposing agent together, per acre decomposing agent dosage 3-6kg.Pass through above-mentioned side
Formula can be improved soil with organic matter content, promote the breeding of plant growth and microorganism, improve reclamation result.
In another embodiment of the present invention, when salt content is greater than 0.8% in the salt-soda soil；The modification method is also
It include: that the salt-soda soil is first subjected to precipitation salt discharge processing before step 1；The precipitation salt discharge processing mode is irrigation canals and ditches drop
Water salt discharge, flood irrigation pressure salt or hidden pipe salt discharge.
Further, in the step 1, the soil conditioner amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 300-360kg.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, when salt content is 0.4-0.8% in the salt-soda soil；The step 1
In, the soil conditioner amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 260-300kg.
In still further embodiment of the invention, when salt content is less than 0.4% in the salt-soda soil；The step 1
In, the soil conditioner amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 160-200kg.
The present invention is different for salt-soda soil salt content, and selective improves soil conditioner and biological growth promotion bacterial manure
Dosage can preferably improve soil environment, and reduce economic cost.
Embodiment according to the present invention, the present invention has the advantage that
(1) it is organic can to quickly increase soil for the addition that the present invention passes through soil conditioner, desulfurized gypsum, decomposed manure
Matter content reduces soil pH, and subsoiling is cooperated to plough deeply the Working Measures of rotary tillage, can improve soil aggregate structure and guarantee soil
Earth improves the uniformity of feed distribution, improves the permeability of soil, is conducive to plant and beneficial microorganism is grown, improve soil and change
Good effect.
(2) present invention can promote plant vigorous growth by the addition of biological growth promotion bacterial manure, and then improve nature and deposit
Beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms mass propagation, and further promote root system of plant growth metabolism it is inorganic in soil to absorb
The ingredients such as salt can greatly shorten the time of soil remediation.
(3) present invention passes through the specific choice of saline-alkali tolerant crop, can not only improve the yield of crop, additionally it is possible to realization pair
Salinity in salt-soda soil is absorbed, and the repair time in salt-soda soil is shortened.
(4) present invention can be improved soil with organic matter content by straw-returning processing, promotion plant growth and micro-
The breeding of biology improves reclamation result.
(5) present invention selects different mode of ameliorating and rationally whole tune soil tune for salt-soda soil salt content and pH difference
The dosage for managing agent and biological growth promotion bacterial manure, can preferably improve soil environment, improve crop yield and reduce economic cost.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation
Content disclosed by book is understood other advantages and efficacy of the present invention easily, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The raw material used in following embodiment is as follows:
Soil conditioner is Wo Meike organic source soil conditioner；Purchased from Beijing Jiabowen Bioscience Co., Ltd.；
Biological growth promotion bacterial manure is good magnificent board ecological bulk-blending organic fertilizer (salt-soda soil is dedicated)；Purchased from the good magnificent wisdom agriculture in the Inner Mongol
Industry Science and Technology Ltd.；
Decomposing agent is fertility ferment father organic matter decomposing inoculant (agricultural crop straw class)；Have purchased from Beijing Jia Bowen biotechnology
Limit company.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment be a kind of salt content be 0.6%, the saline-alkali soil improvement method of pH8.6, which includes
Following steps:
Step 1: being leveled land using laser land leveling instrument, and together by soil surface weeds, remaining stalk companion decomposing agent
Underground is ploughed under, per acre decomposing agent dosage 5kg；
Step 2: uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields soil conditioner 300kg and biological growth promotion bacterium on the salt-soda soil for tiling stalk per acre
Fertile 50kg；
Step 3: salt-soda soil is subjected to subsoiling 30cm, ploughs deeply 20cm and rotary tillage 15cm processing,
Step 4: salt-soda soil is carried out to suppress smooth rear mechanical plastic film mulch；In company with plastic film mulch by 50kg/ mus of growth promotion bacterial manure and phosphorus
Sour diammonium 10kg/ mus impose under overlay film at 10-15cm；
Step 5: salt-soda soil is carried out water in a canal flood irrigation, be suitble to after planting to soil moisture, seed selection sunflower (close your No.1) into
Row sowing, and sowed using artificial seeding's device, duplicate rows on ridge, 65 centimetres of line-spacing, 65 centimetres of spacing in the rows, two 120 centimetres of ridge spacing；To
When sowing plant growth 8-12cm, urea is applied according to 20kg/ mus of sides.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method that salt content is 1%, pH9.0, which includes such as
Lower step:
Step 1: being leveled land using laser land leveling instrument, and salt-soda soil is subjected to the flood irrigation of ditch water in a canal in the fall and presses salt treatment；
Step 2: spring next year uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields on salt-soda soil per acre soil conditioner 360kg, desulfurized gypsum 1000kg,
Decomposed manure 1800kg and biological growth promotion bacterial manure 50kg；
Step 3: salt-soda soil is subjected to subsoiling 30cm, ploughs deeply 20cm and rotary tillage 15cm processing,
Step 4: by salt-soda soil suppress it is smooth after, salt-soda soil is subjected to water in a canal flood irrigation, is suitble to sow to soil moisture
Afterwards, Canadian Hybrid Mulberry root grass of choosing seeds is sowed, wherein application rate is 3kg/ mus, seeding row spacing 10x15cm, depth of planting
3cm；And layering, which is broadcast, in seeding process applies 50kg/ mus of biological growth promotion bacterial manure and compound fertilizer (NPK15-15-15) 20kg/
Mu.
Experimental example 1
The saline and alkaline low yield sunflower in Bayannur Linhe District field is chosen to be tested；Geographical location, environment, landforms are similar
Salt-soda soil is divided into two groups of adjacent practice grounds, great Qu design.
Before test, takes the compound sample of three soil respectively in two groups of practice grounds and chemically examine soil physico-chemical index；Soil reason
Change refers to that object detection method includes NY/T1121.6-2006 method detection organic matter, and the detection of NY/T1121.24-2012 method is complete
Nitrogen, NY/T1121.7-2014 method detect available phosphorus, and NY/T889-2004 method detects available potassium, the side NY/T1121.2-2006
Method detects pH, and LY/T1251-1999 method detects EC, and NY/T1121.16-2006 method detects dissolubility total salt；Soil improvement
Before, the soil on two pieces of ground is averaged salt content as 0.6%, pH8.6, content of organic matter 17.2g/kg；
First group of practice ground carries out soil improvement by the soil improvement method of embodiment 1:
Second group of practice ground is not ploughed deeply using conventional implantation methods, i.e. soil, subsoiling and rotary tillage processing, smooth soil
Seed manure phosphoric acid diamines is imposed under mulch at 10-15cm for 20 kgs/acre in company with overlay film, then carries out canal by direct spreading behind ground
Water flood irrigation, sowing；Seeding method applies urea according to 65kg/ mus of sides when sowing plant growth 8-12cm with first group of experiment；
Before harvesting, counts effective strain number, plant height, stem diameter and floral disc diameter and detection sunflower seeds mass of 1000 kernel, disk grain weight and produce
Amount；Testing result is as shown in table 1；
Table 1
As seen from Table 1, after soil improvement, sunflower seeds yield increased ground experimental field increases 11.6%；Sunflower seeds
Quality promoted, be embodied in sunflower seeds experimental field disk grain weight and mass of 1000 kernel than comparatively disk grain weight and thousand
11% and 7% have been increased separately again；And the economical character of sunflower is improved, it can be seen that, soil improvement method of the present invention
It can be improved the yield and quality of crop.
ASI systematic approach after soil improvement is detected using the detection method of above-mentioned soil physico-chemical index, detection knot
Fruit is as shown in table 2；
Table 2
As shown in Table 2:
After soil improvement, the content of the soil organism and N P and K before soil improvement compared with dramatically increasing；And the present invention changes
Good recipe method improved effect more preferably, and the content of organic matter improve it is fast.
Soil salinity and alkalinity after soil improvement is detected using the detection method of above-mentioned soil physico-chemical index, testing result
As shown in table 3；
Table 3
As shown in Table 3:
Soil improvement method of the invention can significantly reduce pH value, EC and the salt content in salt-soda soil, can be in a short time
Realize the improvement and reparation to alkaline land soil.
Experimental example 2
Selection Bayannur Wuyuan County is saline and alkaline to be tested without production field；Soil-like is taken before improvement and respectively after improvement and is changed
Test soil physico-chemical index；The soil organism, the detection of NY/T1121.24-2012 method are detected using NY/T1121.6-2006 method
Full nitrogen, NY/T1121.7-2014 method detect available phosphorus, and NY/T889-2004 method detects available potassium, NY/T1121.2-2006
Method detects pH, and LY/T1251-1999 method detects EC, and NY/T1121.16-2006 method detects dissolubility total salt；
Soil salt content 0.9% before soil improvement, pH 8.6, the content of organic matter 1.3%；
Above-mentioned experimental plot is improved according to the soil improvement method of embodiment 2；
Before soil improvement, which does not grow；Vegetal cover is calculated using the method for traditional visual estimation after soil improvement
Rate detects soil organic matter content, pH, salt content by above-mentioned detection method, and counts per mu yield；Concrete outcome is referring to table 4；
Table 4
As shown in Table 4:
2 modification method through the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the salt content and pH value of alkaline land soil significantly, and
And improve the content of organic matter in the salt-soda soil；And the sample plot vegetation coverage is made to reach 85%；It (is herded by Sang Gencao
Grass) plantation, certain economic benefit can be brought.
Although above having used general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention are fallen within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields soil conditioner 160-360kg and biological growth promotion bacterial manure 40-60kg on salt-soda soil per acre；
Step 2: salt-soda soil is carried out subsoiling, is ploughed deeply and rotary tillage processing；
Step 3: salt-soda soil is irrigated, and saline-alkali tolerant crop of choosing seeds is sowed.
2. soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1, salt-soda soil is also spread per acre
Apply desulfurized gypsum 400-1200kg and decomposed manure 800-2000kg.
3. soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil conditioner is Wo Meike organic source
Soil conditioner；The biology growth promotion bacterial manure is good magnificent board ecological bulk-blending organic fertilizer.
4. soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that shallowly apply biological growth promotion in the seeding process
40-60kg/ mus of bacterial manure.
5. soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the saline-alkali tolerant crop is selected from Canadian swallow
One of wheat, hybrid sorghum, Hybrid Mulberry root grass, hybrid millet, strong gluten wheat, tomato, melon seeds, corn and clover are a variety of.
6. -5 any soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the modification method further include:
Before step 1, soil surface weeds, remaining stalk are first ploughed under into underground in company with decomposing agent together, per acre decomposing agent dosage 3-
6kg。
7. -5 any soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that salt content is greater than in the salt-soda soil
When 0.8%；The modification method further include: before step 1, the salt-soda soil is first subjected to precipitation salt discharge processing；The drop
Water salt discharge processing mode is the salt discharge of irrigation canals and ditches precipitation, flood irrigation pressure salt or hidden pipe salt discharge.
8. soil improvement method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step 1, soil conditioner is spread fertilizer over the fields
Amount is 300-360kg.
9. -5 any soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that salt content is in the salt-soda soil
When 0.4-0.8%；In the step 1, the soil conditioner amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 260-300kg.
10. -5 any soil improvement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that salt content is small in the salt-soda soil
When 0.4%；In the step 1, the soil conditioner amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 160-200kg.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110692306A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-17 | 黑龙江中天惠鑫农业科技有限公司 | Novel method for improving saline-alkali soil |
| CN110896698A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for improving beach bathing daub land into rice field |
| CN111201854A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-29 | 滨州学院 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microorganisms |
| CN111295965A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-19 | 四川华胜农业股份有限公司 | Kiwi fruit low-yield garden soil improvement method |
| CN111543263A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-18 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Biological improvement method for moderate and mild saline-alkali soil of inner Mongolia |
| CN111548230A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-18 | 四川嘉道博文生态科技有限公司 | Ligusticum wallichii cadmium-reducing special fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN112292959A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-02 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | Planting method for improving and utilizing moderate and light saline-alkali soil |
| CN112655303A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 甘肃建投生态建设集团有限公司 | Improvement method suitable for saline-alkali soil |
| CN113170622A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 黑龙江省森林工程与环境研究所 | Three-dimensional ecological comprehensive treatment method suitable for saline-alkali soil |
| CN113598005A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-05 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Method for planting cotton in saline-alkali soil |
| CN113711876A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-11-30 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for constructing rice planting on coastal saline-alkali land through preferential flow, desalination and fertilization topsoil |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110692306A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-17 | 黑龙江中天惠鑫农业科技有限公司 | Novel method for improving saline-alkali soil |
| CN110896698A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for improving beach bathing daub land into rice field |
| CN111201854A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-29 | 滨州学院 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microorganisms |
| CN111295965A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-19 | 四川华胜农业股份有限公司 | Kiwi fruit low-yield garden soil improvement method |
| CN111543263A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-18 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Biological improvement method for moderate and mild saline-alkali soil of inner Mongolia |
| CN111548230A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-18 | 四川嘉道博文生态科技有限公司 | Ligusticum wallichii cadmium-reducing special fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN112292959A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-02 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | Planting method for improving and utilizing moderate and light saline-alkali soil |
| CN112292959B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-04-19 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | Planting method for improving and utilizing moderate and light saline-alkali soil |
| CN112655303A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 甘肃建投生态建设集团有限公司 | Improvement method suitable for saline-alkali soil |
| CN113170622A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 黑龙江省森林工程与环境研究所 | Three-dimensional ecological comprehensive treatment method suitable for saline-alkali soil |
| CN113598005A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-05 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Method for planting cotton in saline-alkali soil |
| CN113711876A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-11-30 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for constructing rice planting on coastal saline-alkali land through preferential flow, desalination and fertilization topsoil |
| CN113711876B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-12-06 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for constructing rice planting on coastal saline-alkali land through preferential flow, desalination and fertilization topsoil |
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