CN107439213A - A kind of rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor is the same as the method broadcast - Google Patents
A kind of rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor is the same as the method broadcast Download PDFInfo
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- CN107439213A CN107439213A CN201710828844.9A CN201710828844A CN107439213A CN 107439213 A CN107439213 A CN 107439213A CN 201710828844 A CN201710828844 A CN 201710828844A CN 107439213 A CN107439213 A CN 107439213A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
It is with the method broadcast, step the invention discloses a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure:A, rape seed sowing is sowed using wide-and narrow-row, and wide row line-spacing is 18 22cm, and narrow row line-spacing is 8 12cm;Fertilizer has seed manure planter to apply deep soil with layered when B, sowing, and fertilizer imposes on 3 5cm level courses below the Seed Layer of rape seed narrow row center, and positioned at narrow row center, depth is 58 centimetres, apart from the 10cm of seed 5;C, application rate is every mu of 0.2 0.3kg;Dose is every mu of 20 40kg, wherein available nitrogen:Form is NH4+、NO3‑, urea or the 12kg of organic nitrogen 8, the 5kg of potassium oxide 3, the 5kg of phosphorus pentoxide 3, the 500g of boron fertilizer 300, fertilizer is slow-release fertilizer, and initial release rate is less than 10%, and acquisition time is 30 90 days.It is easy to implement the method, it is easy to operate, efficient rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor is same to be broadcast, this method effectively raises utilization rate of fertilizer (5% 20%), improve root soil moisture content and fertilizer to the security of seed, and yield of rape 10% or so can be improved, effectively solve the problems, such as that prior art is present.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rapeseed cultivation technical field, relates more specifically to a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure with the side broadcast
Method.
Background technology
Rape is one of most important oil crops in China, long-term 1.0 hundred million mu of cultivated area, can provide about 4,000,000 every year
Ton edible oil (accounting for the self-produced vegetable oil total yield 50% in China) and 7,000,000 tons of high-quality protein feeds, have very in national economy
Important effect.In recent years, the overall background with the agriculture supply side structural reform of China's quickening is impacted at a low price in international agriculture
Under, the purchasing price of rape declines to a great extent, and labor-intensive technology mode encounters unprecedented challenge.Unique way
Footpath is exactly the technology mode innovation of supply side, and " high investment high production " is changed into " improving unit input-output efficiency ", reduced
The unit cost of production, increase output benefit.By reasonably planting and applying fertilizer, cost input and can be reduced and improve rape
Yield and quality.
It is more due to carrying out rural area person between twenty and fifty labour's Out-migrant for work this year, cause peasant to have what is followed the line of least resistance in rape fertilising
Thought, so just in broadcast application ground, will directly make fertilizer leaching loss, volatilization serious." seed manure is same to be broadcast " just solves this and asked
Topic, that is, when crop is sowed, seed and slow-release or control-release fertilizer are sown into a kind of operator scheme in field simultaneously by coverage, had
Really the fertilizer below soil conservation earth is fully absorbed effect by the root system of crop, and the surface flow for reducing fertilizer is become estranged volatilization, can improve fertilizer
The plant recovery of nutrient 10-20% of material, improve the yield of crop and improve the quality of crop, both improve peasant's fertilising precision, again
Saving of work and time is laborsaving.
Seed manure with broadcasting many is applied using side, when fertilizer is nearer from seed, hinge state nitrogen, chlorine containing free state in fertilizer
Ion, sylvite ion or two arteries and veins contents of contracting are high, can make to cause the salinity of soil area solution too high, cause the phenomenon for burning kind of burn seedlings
Occur.From fertilizer farther out, root system can not sufficiently absorb nutrient to root system, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low.Seed manure is same to broadcast answering in rape
Use there is still a need for further carrying out the related technical parameter of research optimization.
In summary, need badly regarding to the issue above and propose that a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor broadcasts technology together.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the problem of presence for prior art, is to be the provision of a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor kind
Fertilizer is with the method broadcast, and easy to implement the method, easy to operate, with broadcasting, this method effectively improves efficient rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor
Utilization rate of fertilizer (5%-20%), improve root soil moisture content and fertilizer to the security of seed, improve yield of rape
More than 10%.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical measures:
Its technical concept is:A kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure is disposable by rape seed and fertilizer with the method broadcast
Apply, rape seed sowing is sowed using wide-and narrow-row, suitable wide row line-spacing, narrow row line-spacing, and fertilizer has seed manure with broadcasting during sowing
Machine applies deep soil with layered, and fertilizer imposes on rape seed narrow row center Seed Layer lower horizontal layer, central positioned at narrow row,
Certain depth, distance, application rate is every mu of 0.2-0.3kg;Dose is every mu of 20-40kg, and wherein (form is available nitrogen
NH4+、NO3-, urea or organic nitrogen etc.) 8-12kg, K2O 3-5kg, P2O53-5kg, boron fertilizer 300-500g, fertilizer are slow-release fertilizer,
Initial release rate is less than 10%, and acquisition time is 30-90 days.
A kind of same method broadcast of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure, its step are:
A, rape seed (the excellent rape variety for being adapted to the conditions such as local climate, cultivation) sowing is broadcast using wide-and narrow-row
Kind, wide row line-spacing is 18-22cm, and narrow row line-spacing is 8-12cm;
Fertilizer has seed manure planter to apply deep soil with layered when B, sowing, and fertilizer imposes on rape seed narrow row center
3-5cm level courses below Seed Layer, positioned at narrow row center, depth is 5-8 centimetres, apart from seed 5-10cm;
C, rape seed application rate is every mu of 0.2-0.3kg;Dose is every mu of 20-40kg, and wherein (form is available nitrogen
NH4+、NO3-, urea or organic nitrogen etc.) 8-12kg, potassium oxide (K2O) 3-5kg, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) 3-5kg, boron fertilizer 300-
500g, fertilizer are slow-release fertilizer, and initial release rate is less than 10%, and acquisition time is 30-90 days.This method effectively raises fertilizer profit
With rate (5%-20%), improve root soil moisture content and fertilizer to the security of seed, and can improve yield of rape 10% with
On.
Described rape seed is specially the kind of suitable local planting conditions, for example, sunlight 2009, in double No. 12, middle oil
Miscellaneous 7819, sunlight 131 etc..
By above three step, solve fertilizer and the technical barrier of dose, mainly solve fertilizer and impose on rape
Seed narrow row center Seed Layer, positioned at narrow row center, depth technical barrier.By using fertilizer and dose, rape seed
Narrow row center Seed Layer, positioned at narrow row center, the rational deployment of depth, the invention effectively raises utilization rate of fertilizer (5%-
20%), improve root soil moisture content and fertilizer to the security of seed, and yield of rape more than 10% can be improved, effectively
Solve the problems, such as that prior art is present.
Preferred seed and fertilizer are respectively in two parallel lines under soil.
Preferably, rape seed wide row line-spacing is 18-22 centimetres, most preferably 20 centimetres;Narrow row line-spacing is 8-12 centimetres,
Most preferably 10 centimetres.
Preferably, fertilizer is located at directly vertically below 3-5 centimetres of seed, most preferably 4 centimetres.
Preferably, dose is 20-40 kilograms every mu, and more preferably 25-35 kilograms every mu, most preferably 30 kilograms every
Mu.
Preferably, rape seed application rate is every mu of 0.2-0.3 jin, most preferably 0.25 kilogram every mu.
Preferably, described rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor broadcasts synchronous rape seed manure with the machinery that broadcasting method uses to plough
It is same to broadcast seeder.More preferably Zhong Xuan Science and Technology Ltd.s in Hubei develop jointly with Inst. of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agriculture
The rape seed manure of design is same to broadcast seeder, model:2BFDN-9.
Compared with prior art, have has advantage and technique effect to the present invention as follows:
A, seed wide-and narrow-row is sowed, and the setting of narrow row, fertilizer is fully utilized;The setting of wide row, it is ensured that ventilation is saturating
Light;
B, the upper and lower staggered floor of seed manure, which is broadcast, applies, and the fertilizer that becomes of crop to prick deep, jail under rape root, and Root Absorption nutrient has
Area increase is imitated, the absorption to nutrient is abundant, improves the utilization rate of nutrient, reduces pollution of the fertilizer to soil, carries simultaneously
The high drought resisting of rape later stage, cold-resistant, ability resistant to lodging;
C, fertilizer is located at narrow row middle, near apart from rape root, effectively prevent because of phosphate fertilizer poor mobility, and caused by
The problem of phosphate fertilizer Nutrient Absorption deficiency;It is remote apart from wide row, it is possible to achieve to control the purpose of grass;
D, seed manure one, single fertilization, that is, reduce dose reduces labour again, and production efficiency obtains very big
Lifting, seeding method is simple and easy, and by simple training, peasant just will appreciate that sowing skill and method, easily promote.Using this
When the rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor of invention is operated with broadcasting method, the exercisable field of selection machinery, using above-mentioned seed manure
Apply fertilizer according to above-mentioned mu with machine of broadcasting and be disposably sown into application rate, rear watering (soil moisture content good if after planting without watering) is i.e.
Can.
This method effectively raises utilization rate of fertilizer (5%-20%), improve root soil moisture content and fertilizer to the peace of seed
Quan Xing, effectively solve the problems, such as that prior art is present.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure with the method schematic diagram broadcast.
As illustrated, three layers are respectively soil layer, Seed Layer, fertilizer layer, Seed Layer is apart from soil layer 0.5-1.5cm, fertilizer layer
Apart from Seed Layer 3-5cm, wide row is 18-22cm, narrow row 8-12cm between seed and seed.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, and make the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature
Can be more obvious understandable with advantage, with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to those skilled in the art
The present invention is further understood, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that to one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it can also make certain adjustments and improvements.These belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Embodiment 1:
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.The present embodiment is related to a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row seed manure staggered floor
With technology is broadcast, as shown in figure 1, a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure is with the method broadcast, its implementation process:
In the producing region Hubei Province Wuxue City great Fa Si towns of mechanical easily farming, after first crop crop harvesting, with Hubei Zhong Xuan science and technology
Co., Ltd and Inst. of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agriculture develop jointly the rape seed manure of design with broadcast seeder (for:
2BFDN-9), disposable operation, ploughs and broadcasts synchronization, the later stage does not have to top dressing.
Fine variety production:Seed selection is adapted to excellent rape seed " sunlight 2009 ", the application rate of the conditions such as local climate, cultivation
For 200-300g.
Site preparation:With rotary cultivator ground revolved smooth after first crop crop rice harves, after plot is deep ploughed with deep ploughing machine, depth is not
Less than 10 centimetres.
Sowing:Sowing time is early October, from " preferably applying strong " board of Hubei Yishizhuang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.'s production
Complex fertilizer-rape formula fertilizer-long effect full nutrient spacetabs type, dose is 50 kgs/acre, using above-mentioned model 2BFDN-9
Type seed manure planter carries out seed manure with broadcasting, and seed planting depth 0.5 is 1.5 centimetres, seed line-spacing is 22 centimetres, sown scope is wide row
Line-spacing is 20 centimetres, and narrow row line-spacing is 10 centimetres.During above-mentioned sowing, seed of the rape seed through 2BFDN-9 type seed manure planters
Outlet is broadcasted, and fertilizer broadcasts through fertilizer outlet.
Control group, using traditional tillage method, i.e., every mu with 150-200 grams of seed, with N P and K NPK
Mechanical drilling after 25kg is well mixed, line-spacing are 40 centimetres, 1.5-2 centimetres of depth of planting.Seeding machinery is using 2BYF-6 types oil
Dish no-tillage and direct-seeding machine.
Control imposes fertilizer three times in addition:
1) between combining, final singling, mu pours 3kg urea with 250~500kg night soils and applied;
2) December 20 chased after winter dressing, was spread fertilizer over the fields with warm property semi-decomposed pigs and cattle column excrement and plant ash, and seedling base portion is applied in heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots;
3) a kind of sedge fertilizer is applied after the beginning of spring, mu applies 10~15kg urea.
Both remaining planting measures all same.
As a result;Survey production is carried out after harvest, the experimental plot per mu yield average out to 180.6kg using seed manure staggered floor with technology of broadcasting is right
According to a group average yield per mu 151.4kg.For compared with the control, using seed manure staggered floor, yield of rape can be improved by broadcasting technology together
12.7%.Illustrate that the technology has not only been saved later stage fertilizer and imposed, save a large amount of manpowers and fertilizer expense, and can effectively carry
High yield per unit area.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure is with the method broadcast, its step:
A, rape seed sowing is sowed using wide-and narrow-row, and wide row line-spacing is 18-22cm, and narrow row line-spacing is 8-12cm;
Fertilizer has seed manure planter to apply deep soil with layered when B, sowing, and fertilizer imposes on rape seed narrow row center seed
Layer lower section 3-5cm level courses, positioned at narrow row center, depth is 5-8 centimetres, apart from seed 5-10cm;
C, rape seed application rate is every mu of 0.2-0.3kg;Dose is every mu of 20-40kg, wherein available nitrogen:Form is NH4+、
NO3-, urea or organic nitrogen 8-12kg, potassium oxide 3-5kg, phosphorus pentoxide 3-5kg, boron fertilizer 300-500g, fertilizer be slow-release fertilizer,
Initial release rate is less than 10%, and acquisition time is 30-90 days;
Described seed and fertilizer is respectively in two parallel lines under soil.
2. a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure according to claim 1 is the same as the method broadcast, it is characterised in that:Described oil
The sub- wide row line-spacing of colza is 20 centimetres;Narrow row line-spacing is 10 centimetres.
3. a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure according to claim 1 is the same as the method broadcast, it is characterised in that:Described fertilizer
Material position is in directly vertically below 4 centimetres of seed.
4. a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure according to claim 1 is the same as the method broadcast, it is characterised in that:Described applies
Fertilizer amount is 25-35 kilograms every mu.
5. a kind of rape wide-and narrow-row staggered floor seed manure according to claim 1 is the same as the method broadcast, it is characterised in that:Described oil
The sub- application rate of colza is 0.25 kilogram every mu.
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Cited By (4)
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CN108307740A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-24 | 青阳县茂施农业科技有限公司 | A kind of live streaming of rice wide cut item and the same broadcasting method of seed manure |
CN110881366A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-03-17 | 华中农业大学 | Cultivation method for improving rape planting benefit by utilizing narrow-row and strip-application of fertilizer |
CN111406594A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-14 | 茂施农业科技有限公司 | Method and machine for simultaneously sowing seeds and fertilizers in vertically layered manner for rice |
CN113367034A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-10 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Wheat 'one-base one-topdressing' deep layer fertilizing method |
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Cited By (4)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN108307740A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-24 | 青阳县茂施农业科技有限公司 | A kind of live streaming of rice wide cut item and the same broadcasting method of seed manure |
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CN111406594A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-14 | 茂施农业科技有限公司 | Method and machine for simultaneously sowing seeds and fertilizers in vertically layered manner for rice |
CN113367034A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-10 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Wheat 'one-base one-topdressing' deep layer fertilizing method |
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