CN109098475B - Forest protection cabin - Google Patents

Forest protection cabin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109098475B
CN109098475B CN201811301828.5A CN201811301828A CN109098475B CN 109098475 B CN109098475 B CN 109098475B CN 201811301828 A CN201811301828 A CN 201811301828A CN 109098475 B CN109098475 B CN 109098475B
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layer
weight
cabin
leaves
starch
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CN109098475A (en
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张增阳
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HUI'AN COUNTY DEHONG CNC EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd.
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Hui'an County Dehong Cnc Equipment Co ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/28—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C04B28/12—Hydraulic lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/64—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor for making damp-proof; Protection against corrosion
    • E04B1/642—Protecting metallic construction elements against corrosion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/72—Pest control
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7604—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only fillings for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of forest protection cabin, the housing construction in the field of building, the floor, wall and roof of the cabin are the same in structure but different in thickness composite wall panel, the latter half of the cabin is buried underground, a side wall of the cabin located in the above-ground part is provided with the door and window of entering the house inward, there are rain-sheltering stones higher than the ground outside the door of entering the house, there is a layer of heat-insulating layer horizontally on the roof of the cabin, there are high, low arc domes of edge in the middle on the heat-insulating layer, pack the filler formed by dry branches and fallen leaves in the cavity pocket formed between arc dome and heat-insulating layer; the composite wallboard is of a multilayer structure and sequentially comprises a soil blank layer, a sawdust filling layer, a steel plate layer and a wood plate layer from outside to inside. The invention is not only firm and durable, but also effectively solves the problems of moisture prevention and warm keeping, and can effectively prevent spiders, snakeworms and the like from entering the house.

Description

Forest protection cabin
The patent application of the invention is a divisional application with application number of 2017103472012, the original application date is 5 months and 10 days in 2017, and the application numbers are as follows: 2017103472012, the name of invention creation is: a semi-buried forest protection cabin.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a house building in the field of buildings, in particular to a forest protection cabin.
Background
Forest resources are a generic term for woodlands and forest organisms in which they grow. The method mainly comprises forest resources, forest and under-forest plants, wild animals, soil microorganisms, other natural environment factors and other resources. The quantity of forest resources is large and small, and the conditions for developing forest production, forest ownership conditions, forest productivity and the like in one country or region are directly indicated. The biggest problem in the protection of forest resources is the phenomenon of forest fire and embezzlement, and in order to effectively protect the forest resources, forest protectors are generally arranged in forest regions, and the forest protectors are used for patrolling the forest regions to prevent the forest fire and the embezzlement and embezzlement phenomena to a certain extent. In order to facilitate rest of forest protection personnel, some forest protection cabins are often arranged at fixed points in forest zones, so that the forest protection personnel can have a rest in bad weather or at night.
The existing forest protection cabin is generally built on the ground by adopting building materials such as wood or tiles, the heat insulation performance of the forest protection cabin is not good, and spiders, worms, snakes and the like often enter the cabin, so that rest of forest protectors is influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a small forest protection house, which is suitable for any terrain and aims to solve the problem of poor heat retention caused by the fact that the existing small forest protection house is built on the ground by adopting building materials.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a kind of small forest-protecting house, the floor, wall and roof of the small house are the same structure but different composite wall panels of thickness, the latter half of the small house is buried underground, one sidewall of the above-ground part of the small house is equipped with the door and window of entering the house to the inside opening, there are rain-proof stones higher than the ground outside the door of entering the house, there is a layer of heat insulating layer horizontally on the roof of the small house, there are high, low arc domes in the middle on the heat insulating layer of heat insulation, pack the filler formed by dry branches and fallen leaves in the cavity pocket formed between heat insulating layer and the arc dome; the composite wallboard is of a multilayer structure and sequentially comprises a soil blank layer, a sawdust filling layer, a steel plate layer and a wood plate layer from outside to inside, wherein the soil blank layer is a wall body formed by adding weeds and water into clay, mixing the materials, then drying the brick blank and then stacking the dried brick blank, and the sawdust filling layer is formed by mixing and pressing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust in a weight ratio of 1-2:5-7: 20-30;
the green bricks forming the adobe layer are formed by uniformly mixing clay, plant fibers accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the clay, an adhesive accounting for 2-3% of the mass of the clay and a proper amount of water and then pressing, wherein the plant fibers are stems and leaves of herbaceous weeds or wheat straws, and are fished out after being soaked in the water for 3-5 days, dried in the sun and cut into filaments with the length not exceeding 3cm and the diameter not exceeding 2 mm; the adhesive is composed of vegetable oil and modified starch in a weight ratio of 5-7:2-3, and the modified starch is prepared by adding starch into water of which the weight is 3-5 times that of the vegetable oil and mixing uniformly, adding a tin coupling agent of which the weight is 8-10% of that of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4-5 with sulfuric acid, adding an eucommia ulmoides extract of which the weight is 1-3% of that of the starch, mixing uniformly, adjusting the temperature to 60-65 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, adding stearic acid of which the weight is 4-5% of that of the starch, stirring uniformly, and drying at 100-110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 20-30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness.
A drainage ditch is arranged on the outer side of the rain blocking stone, so that rainwater is drained away.
An aluminum alloy layer is arranged on the outer side of the adobe layer of the composite wallboard so as to delay the erosion of the adobe layer.
In the composite wallboard, the thicknesses of the sawdust filling layer, the steel plate layer and the wood plate layer are respectively 1/3-2/3, 1/5-1/3 and 1/4-1/3 of the thickness of the adobe layer; the total thickness of the composite wall board used as a floor, a wall and a roof is 20-30cm, 40-60cm and 10-20cm respectively; the earth blanks of the earth blank layer are built by cement and other binding agents, a plurality of anchoring parts are arranged on the surface of the earth blank layer, and the anchoring parts are fixedly connected with the steel plate layer;
the outer sides of the floor of the cabin and the wall positioned in the underground part are provided with anticorrosive layers, and the anticorrosive layers are formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkali residues discharged in the alkali preparation process by an ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 10-20:30-40:5-10: 20-30; the adhesive is preferably prepared by the following method: sun-drying pig manure, grinding the pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water which is 8-10 times of the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine which is 3-4% of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 5-10min under the condition of isolating air, cooling and filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20% of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch according to the weight ratio of 7-9:1-2 to obtain the adhesive; adding starch into water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent accounting for 8-10% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4-5 by using sulfuric acid, adding an eucommia ulmoides extract accounting for 1-3% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60-65 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, finally adding stearic acid accounting for 4-5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 100-110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 20-30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness.
In the invention, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract, the eucommia ulmoides leaves can be treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3-5 times of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3-4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
The significance of the above operation is that: the eucommia leaves are soaked in the sodium chloride solution and the sodium hydroxide solution in sequence, so that cell walls on the surface layer can be damaged to a certain degree, effective components in cells in the eucommia leaves can be separated out through cell membranes and cell walls more easily, the cellulose structure of the eucommia leaves can be loosened, the eucommia leaves are subsequently subjected to enzymolysis by cellulase, and the effective components in the eucommia leaves can be effectively separated out; similarly, when the eucommia ulmoides leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution, the microwave is used for assisting, and lignin and pentosan contained in the eucommia ulmoides leaves cell walls can be effectively removed, so that the cell walls are damaged to a greater extent, effective components in cells can be conveniently separated out through the cell walls, and the extraction yield of the eucommia ulmoides glycosides is finally improved;
the insect-proof functional components are prepared by adding insect-proof functional components with the weight of 4-8% of the weight of paint into the paint according to the weight ratio, and the insect-proof functional components are prepared by mixing 7-9 parts of plant extracts, 5-7 parts of sulfur, 3-5 parts of rosin, 10-12 parts of alcohol and 18-22 parts of carbon disulfide, wherein the preparation method of the plant extracts comprises the steps of mixing folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves according to the weight ratio of 3-4:5-7:8-9:6-8:2-3, soaking the mixture in 30% sodium chloride solution for 8-10 hours, taking out, draining, freezing the mixture in a freezing chamber at the temperature of below-20 ℃ for 40-60 minutes, crushing the mixture into plant mixed powder by adopting ultrasonic waves, and then carrying out leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder by using ethanol as a solvent at the speed of 1-2ml/min, concentrating the obtained extracting solution to 1/10 of the original volume at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ to obtain a plant extract, wherein the proportion of the plant mixed powder to the ethanol is 12-16ml per 1g of the plant mixed powder during leakage extraction.
The sawdust filling layer also contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 8-10:5-7:12-14, and the mass of the mixed powder is 20-40% of that of the sawdust.
The filling body is uniformly mixed with a bacteriostatic agent with the weight of 0.1-0.3% before being filled into a cavity between an arc dome and a heat insulation layer, and the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 3-5 parts of chinaberry extract, 4-6 parts of oleander extract, 7-8 parts of wormwood powder, 4-5 parts of orange leaf powder, 8-12 parts of cinnamomum camphora leaf powder, 5-7 parts of sulfur, 2-3 parts of rosin and 18-24 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio, wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the cinnamomum camphora leaf powder are fine powder with the particle size of not more than 200 meshes which is ground after drying green leaves of wormwood, orange leaves and cinnamomum camphora leaves, the preparation method of the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract is that barks and oleander leaves are respectively soaked in a sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 6-8 hours, and the bark and the oleander leaves are put into a freezing chamber with the temperature of below-20 ℃ after being taken out and drained for freezing for 40-60 minutes, pulverizing the raw materials into chinaberry tree powder and oleander powder by ultrasonic waves, respectively performing leakage extraction on the chinaberry tree powder and the oleander powder by using ethanol as a solvent at the speed of 1-2ml/min, and concentrating the obtained extracting solution to 1/10 of the original volume at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ to obtain a chinaberry tree extract and an oleander extract, wherein the proportion of the chinaberry tree powder, the oleander powder and the ethanol is 12-16ml of ethanol for each 1g of the chinaberry tree powder and the oleander powder during leakage extraction.
In the invention, when the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are obtained, chinaberry bark and oleander leaves are soaked in a sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 6-8h, then fished out and soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 35% for 40min, then fished out and washed clean by clear water, and then the chinaberry bark and the oleander leaves are frozen in a freezing chamber with the temperature below minus 20 ℃ for 40-60min, and after being soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the chinaberry bark and the oleander leaves are subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min; this is done to further disrupt the cell wall structure, thereby allowing the components contained therein to more easily exude.
The adhesive used in the adobes forming the adobe layer also contains a pig manure extract accounting for 30-40% of the weight of the vegetable oil, and the preparation method of the pig manure extract comprises the steps of drying the pig manure, grinding the dried pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water accounting for 8-10 times of the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine accounting for 3-4% of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 5-10min under the condition of isolating the air, cooling and filtering the pig manure extract to obtain a filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to 20% of the original volume to obtain the pig manure extract.
In the invention, the anticorrosive layer also contains an alkaline pulp waste liquor concentrate with the weight of 20-30% of calcium oxide, and the alkaline pulp waste liquor concentrate is obtained by concentrating alkaline pulp waste liquor discharged by a paper mill to 20-30% of the original volume; the lignin derivative, the organic acid salt, free sodium hydroxide, free sodium sulfide and the like are contained, so that the growth of microorganisms can be inhibited, and better bonding performance can be provided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention excavates the pot hole on the ground, then builds the cabin by adopting the composite wallboard in the pot hole, and then backfills the soil into the pot hole, thereby embedding the lower half part of the built cabin in the ground, because the composite wallboard with a multilayer structure is adopted for building, and the lower half part is embedded in the ground, the invention not only is firm and durable, but also effectively solves the problems of moisture resistance and heat preservation, and can effectively prevent spiders, worms and the like from entering the room, the invention adopts the composite wallboard formed by the earth billet layer, the sawdust filling layer, the steel plate layer and the wood plate layer to build the cabin, wherein the steel plate layer and the earth billet layer actually exist as double skeleton layers, then the sawdust filling layer is formed by mixing and pressing the collected plant ash, the quicklime and the dried sawdust, the existence of the layer not only fully utilizes the waste of forest resources, but also can greatly improve the heat-insulation and moisture resistance, and, the sawdust filling layer contains quicklime and plant ash, so that the effects of bacteriostasis and deinsectization can be achieved;
2) the heat insulation layer of the roof is made of the existing heat insulation material, the arc dome is made of bricks or metal materials, and dead branches and fallen leaves are filled in a cavity formed between the arc dome and the arc dome to form a filling body;
in order to prevent the propagation of bacteria caused by plant decay in the filler, a bacteriostatic agent is mixed in the filler, and the bacteriostatic agent is prepared by mixing chinaberry extract, oleander extract, wormwood powder, orange leaf powder, camphor leaf powder, sulfur, rosin and carbon disulfide, wherein the plant powder or the plant extract contains various pungent smells, so that the propagation of bacteria and ants can be prevented, and when the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are obtained, the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are firstly soaked in a sodium chloride solution, so that the water loss of cells can be realized, the structure of the cells can be primarily destroyed, then the cells are placed into a freezing chamber for quick freezing, part of organic components and residual liquid in the cells are crystallized, the cell wall structure is further destroyed, and the effective components contained in the cells can be extracted as much as possible after the cells are crushed by ultrasonic waves;
3) the adobe layer is prepared from clay, vegetable fiber and a binder, wherein the binder is vegetable oil and modified starch, so that the toughness of the adobe can be fully enhanced, and the adobe is prevented from cracking in the airing process;
4) in order to prevent microorganisms in soil from corroding the composite wallboard, an anticorrosive layer can be arranged on the outer side of the floor of the small house and the wall positioned in the underground part, the anticorrosive layer is formed by mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkaline residues discharged in the alkaline preparation process by an ammonium alkaline method, and the calcium oxide and the alkaline residues have strong basicity and can prevent the microorganisms and bacteria in the soil from growing to a great extent so as to corrode an aluminum alloy layer; the adhesive is prepared by processing pig manure, firstly, the pig manure is boiled by water containing diethylhydroxylamine under the condition of air isolation, parasitic eggs and bacteria in the pig manure are killed, the odor of the pig manure can be effectively eliminated, then, the pig manure is filtered to obtain filtrate which is concentrated, a large amount of organic matters are contained in the filtrate, the organic matters are mixed with modified starch to form the adhesive, and the adhesive not only can enable the materials to be tightly combined, but also can prevent harmful elements of alkaline residue from diffusing into soil;
according to the invention, when the starch is modified, the eucommia ulmoides extract is added, the eucommia ulmoides glycoside contained in the eucommia ulmoides extract has a plurality of polar functional groups and is active in property, and a dialdehyde structure similar to glutaraldehyde is generated under the action of a tin coupling agent and the starch, so that the generated modified starch is fully combined with organic matters in pig manure, the viscosity of the modified starch can be enhanced, and the bonding capacity is improved;
5) the sawdust filling layer is made of mixed powder formed by basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves, the three substances have pungent smell and can achieve the effect of expelling insects, the surface of the steel plate layer is coated with the insect-proof paint, the functional components in the insect-proof paint comprise extracts of functional components such as folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves, sulfur, rosin and the like, and the components are dissolved in carbon disulfide and then mixed with common paint to form the insect-proof paint with certain pungent smell, so that the insect-proof paint has the effects of preventing insects and inhibiting bacteria.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a composite wall panel of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. the composite wall board comprises a composite wall board body, 101, a adobe layer, 102, a sawdust filling layer, 103, a steel plate layer, 104, a wood board layer, 105, an aluminum alloy layer, 2, an arc-shaped dome, 3, a filling body, 4, a heat insulation layer, 5, an entrance door, 6, a rain blocking stone, 7, a drainage ditch, 8 and an anticorrosive layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in the figure, the floor, the wall and the roof of the small forest protection house are all composite wall boards 1 with the same structure but different thicknesses, the lower half part of the small forest protection house is buried underground, an indoor door 5 and a window which are inwards opened are arranged on one side wall of the overground part of the small forest protection house, a rain-blocking stone 6 which is higher than the ground is arranged on the outer side of the indoor door 5, a heat insulation layer 4 is horizontally arranged on the roof of the small forest protection house, an arc dome 2 which is high in the middle and low in the edge is arranged on the heat insulation layer 4, and a filling body 3 formed by dry branches and fallen leaves is filled in a cavity formed between the arc dome 2 and the heat insulation layer 4; the composite wallboard 1 is of a multilayer structure and sequentially comprises a soil blank layer 101, a sawdust filling layer 102, a steel plate layer 103 and a wood plate layer 104 from outside to inside, wherein the soil blank layer 101 is a wall body formed by drying and stacking brick blanks prepared by adding weeds and water into clay and mixing the mixture, and the sawdust filling layer 102 is formed by mixing and pressing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust in a weight ratio of 1:5: 20;
the green bricks forming the adobe layer 101 are formed by uniformly mixing clay, plant fibers accounting for 5% of the mass of the clay, a bonding agent accounting for 2% of the mass of the clay and a proper amount of water and then pressing; the plant fiber is prepared by soaking stems and leaves of herbaceous weeds or wheat straws in water for 3d, taking out, drying in the sun, and cutting into filaments with length not more than 3cm and diameter not more than 2 mm; the adhesive is composed of vegetable oil and modified starch in a weight ratio of 5:2, and the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water with the weight 3 times that of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent with the weight 8% of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4 with sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract with the weight 1% of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, finally adding stearic acid with the weight 4% of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 20min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate and drying.
The above is the embodiment of the present invention, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, the drainage ditch 7 is arranged on the outer side of the rain blocking stone 6, so that the rain blocking stone 6 is matched with rainwater to drain the rainwater in time, and the rainwater is prevented from entering the cabin;
for another example, the composite wall panel 1 is provided with an aluminum alloy layer 105 on the outer side of the adobe layer 101 to delay the erosion of the adobe layer 101;
for another example, in the composite wall panel 1, the thicknesses of the sawdust filling layer 102, the steel plate layer 103 and the wood plate layer 104 are 1/3, 1/5 and 1/4 of the thickness of the earth blank layer 101, respectively; the total thickness of the composite wall panel 1 as a floor, wall and roof is 20cm, 40cm and 10cm, respectively; the earth blanks of the earth blank layer 101 are built by cement and other binding agents, a plurality of anchoring pieces are arranged on the surface of the earth blank layer 101, and the anchoring pieces are fixedly connected with the steel plate layer 103, so that a three-dimensional double-layer framework supporting structure is formed;
for another example, the outer sides of the floor and the wall of the underground part of the cabin are both provided with the anticorrosive layer 8, and the anticorrosive layer 8 is formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkali residues discharged in the alkali preparation process by the ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 10:30:5: 20; the adhesive is preferably prepared by the following method: sun-drying pig manure, grinding the pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water which is 8 times of the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine which is 3 percent of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 5min under the condition of isolating air, cooling and filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20 percent of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch in a weight ratio of 7:1 to obtain the adhesive; the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water which is 3 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 8% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 1% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 4% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by evaporating filtrate obtained by filtering solid residues after the eucommia ulmoides leaves are boiled in water for 20 min;
for another example, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract used in the scheme, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3 times that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3 hours, taking out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
for another example, two sides of the steel plate layer 103 are coated with insect-proof paint, the insect-proof paint is prepared by adding 4% of insect-proof functional components by weight of paint into the paint, and the insect-proof functional components are prepared by mixing 7 parts of plant extract, 5 parts of sulfur, 3 parts of rosin, 10 parts of alcohol and 18 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio, wherein the plant extract is prepared by mixing folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves according to the weight ratio of 3:5:8:6:2, soaking in 30% by mass sodium chloride solution for 8h, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber with the temperature below-20 ℃ for 40min, crushing by using ultrasonic waves to prepare plant mixed powder, performing leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder at the speed of 1ml/min by using ethanol as a solvent, concentrating the obtained extracting solution to 1/10 of the original volume at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the plant extract, when the extraction is carried out in a leakage way, the proportion of the plant mixed powder to the ethanol is 12ml of ethanol corresponding to each 1g of the plant mixed powder;
for another example, the sawdust filling layer 102 further contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 8:5:12, and the mass of the mixed powder is 20% of that of the sawdust;
finally, before filling the filler 3 into the cavity between the arc dome 2 and the heat-insulating layer 4, uniformly mixing with a bacteriostatic agent with the weight of 0.1 percent of the filler, wherein the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 3 parts of chinaberry tree extract, 4 parts of oleander extract, 7 parts of wormwood powder, 4 parts of orange leaf powder, 8 parts of camphor leaf powder, 5 parts of sulfur, 2 parts of rosin and 18 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio; wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the camphor leaf powder are fine powder with the grain diameter not more than 200 meshes which is obtained by grinding green leaves of the wormwood, the orange leaves and the camphor leaves after drying, the preparation method of Melia azedarach extract and Nerium oleander extract comprises soaking cortex Meliae and Nerium oleander leaf in 30% sodium chloride solution for 6 hr, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber at a temperature below-20 deg.C for 40min, pulverizing with ultrasonic wave to obtain Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder, then ethanol is used as solvent, and the two are respectively extracted by leakage at the speed of 1ml/min, concentrating the obtained extractive solution at 80 deg.C to 1/10 of the original volume to obtain Melia azedarach extract and Nerium indicum extract, performing percolation extraction, the ratio of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder to ethanol is 12ml for each 1g of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder.
Example 2
As shown in the figure, the floor, the wall and the roof of the small forest protection house are all composite wall boards 1 with the same structure but different thicknesses, the lower half part of the small forest protection house is buried underground, an indoor door 5 and a window which are inwards opened are arranged on one side wall of the overground part of the small forest protection house, a rain-blocking stone 6 which is higher than the ground is arranged on the outer side of the indoor door 5, a heat insulation layer 4 is horizontally arranged on the roof of the small forest protection house, an arc dome 2 which is high in the middle and low in the edge is arranged on the heat insulation layer 4, and a filling body 3 formed by dry branches and fallen leaves is filled in a cavity formed between the arc dome 2 and the heat insulation layer 4; the composite wallboard 1 is of a multilayer structure and sequentially comprises a soil blank layer 101, a sawdust filling layer 102, a steel plate layer 103 and a wood plate layer 104 from outside to inside, wherein the soil blank layer 101 is a wall body formed by drying and stacking brick blanks prepared by adding weeds and water into clay and mixing the mixture, and the sawdust filling layer 102 is formed by mixing and pressing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust in a weight ratio of 2:7: 30;
the green bricks forming the adobe layer 101 are formed by uniformly mixing clay, plant fibers accounting for 10% of the mass of the clay, a binder accounting for 3% of the mass of the clay and a proper amount of water and then pressing; the plant fiber is prepared by soaking stems and leaves of herbaceous weeds or wheat straws in water for 5d, taking out, drying in the sun, and cutting into filaments with length not more than 3cm and diameter not more than 2 mm; the adhesive is composed of vegetable oil and modified starch in a weight ratio of 7:3, and the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water which is 5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 10% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 1-3% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 3 hours, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate and drying.
The above is the embodiment of the present invention, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, the drainage ditch 7 is arranged on the outer side of the rain blocking stone 6, so that the rain blocking stone 6 is matched with rainwater to drain the rainwater in time, and the rainwater is prevented from entering the cabin;
for another example, the composite wall panel 1 is provided with an aluminum alloy layer 105 on the outer side of the adobe layer 101 to delay the erosion of the adobe layer 101;
for another example, in the composite wall panel 1, the thicknesses of the sawdust filling layer 102, the steel plate layer 103 and the wood plate layer 104 are 2/3, 1/3 and 1/3 of the thickness of the earth blank layer 101, respectively; the total thickness of the composite wall panel 1 as a floor, wall and roof is 30cm, 60cm and 20cm, respectively; the earth blanks of the earth blank layer 101 are built by cement and other binding agents, a plurality of anchoring pieces are arranged on the surface of the earth blank layer 101, and the anchoring pieces are fixedly connected with the steel plate layer 103, so that a three-dimensional double-layer framework supporting structure is formed;
for another example, the outer sides of the floor and the wall of the underground part of the cabin are both provided with the anticorrosive layer 8, and the anticorrosive layer 8 is formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkali residues discharged in the alkali preparation process by the ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 20:40:10: 30; the adhesive is preferably prepared by the following method: sun-drying pig manure, grinding the dried pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water which is 10 times of the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine which is 4% of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 10min under the condition of isolating air, cooling and filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20% of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch in a weight ratio of 9:2 to obtain the adhesive; the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding starch into water which is 5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 10% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 3% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
for another example, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract used in the scheme, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water which is 5 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase which is 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves into the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing the eucommia ulmoides leaves for 4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
for another example, two sides of the steel plate layer 103 are coated with insect-proof paint, the insect-proof paint is prepared by adding 8% of insect-proof functional components by weight of paint into the paint, and the insect-proof functional components are prepared by mixing 9 parts of plant extract, 7 parts of sulfur, 5 parts of rosin, 12 parts of alcohol and 22 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio, wherein the plant extract is prepared by mixing folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves according to the weight ratio of 4:7:9:8:3, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution by mass for 10h, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber with the temperature below-20 ℃ for 60min, crushing by using ultrasonic waves to prepare plant mixed powder, performing leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder at the speed of 2ml/min by using ethanol as a solvent, and concentrating the obtained extracting solution to 1/10 of the original volume at the temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain the plant extract, when the extraction is carried out in a leakage way, the proportion of the plant mixed powder to the ethanol is 16ml of ethanol corresponding to each 1g of the plant mixed powder;
for another example, the sawdust filling layer 102 further contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 10:7:14, and the mass of the mixed powder is 40% of that of the sawdust;
finally, before filling the filler 3 into the cavity between the arc dome 2 and the heat-insulating layer 4, uniformly mixing with a bacteriostatic agent with the weight of 0.3 percent of the filler, wherein the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 5 parts of chinaberry extract, 6 parts of oleander extract, 8 parts of wormwood powder, 5 parts of orange leaf powder, 12 parts of camphor leaf powder, 7 parts of sulfur, 3 parts of rosin and 24 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio; wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the camphor leaf powder are fine powder with the grain diameter not more than 200 meshes which is obtained by grinding green leaves of the wormwood, the orange leaves and the camphor leaves after drying, the preparation method of Melia azedarach extract and Nerium oleander extract comprises soaking cortex Meliae and Nerium oleander leaf in 30% sodium chloride solution for 8 hr, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber at a temperature below-20 deg.C for 60min, pulverizing with ultrasonic wave to obtain Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder, then ethanol is adopted as solvent, and the two are respectively extracted by leakage at the speed of 2ml/min, concentrating the obtained extractive solution at 85 deg.C to 1/10 of the original volume to obtain Melia azedarach extract and Nerium indicum extract, performing percolation extraction, the ratio of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder to ethanol is 16ml ethanol for each 1g of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder.
Example 3
As shown in the figure, the floor, the wall and the roof of the small forest protection house are all composite wall boards 1 with the same structure but different thicknesses, the lower half part of the small forest protection house is buried underground, an indoor door 5 and a window which are inwards opened are arranged on one side wall of the overground part of the small forest protection house, a rain-blocking stone 6 which is higher than the ground is arranged on the outer side of the indoor door 5, a heat insulation layer 4 is horizontally arranged on the roof of the small forest protection house, an arc dome 2 which is high in the middle and low in the edge is arranged on the heat insulation layer 4, and a filling body 3 formed by dry branches and fallen leaves is filled in a cavity formed between the arc dome 2 and the heat insulation layer 4; the composite wallboard 1 is of a multilayer structure and sequentially comprises a soil blank layer 101, a sawdust filling layer 102, a steel plate layer 103 and a wood plate layer 104 from outside to inside, wherein the soil blank layer 101 is a wall body formed by drying and stacking brick blanks prepared by adding weeds and water into clay and mixing the mixture, and the sawdust filling layer 102 is formed by mixing and pressing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust in a weight ratio of 1.5:6: 25;
the adobe forming the adobe layer 101 is formed by evenly mixing clay, plant fiber with the mass of 7.5 percent of the clay, adhesive with the mass of 2.5 percent of the clay and proper amount of water and then pressing; the plant fiber is prepared by soaking stems and leaves of herbaceous weeds or wheat straws in water for 4d, taking out, drying in the sun, and cutting into filaments with length not more than 3cm and diameter not more than 2 mm; the adhesive is composed of vegetable oil and modified starch in a weight ratio of 6:2.5, and the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water with the weight 4 times that of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent with the weight 9% of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using sulfuric acid, adding an eucommia ulmoides extract with the weight 2% of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 63 ℃, preserving the heat for 2.5 hours, finally adding stearic acid with the weight 4.5% of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 25min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate and drying.
The above is the embodiment of the present invention, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, the drainage ditch 7 is arranged on the outer side of the rain blocking stone 6, so that the rain blocking stone 6 is matched with rainwater to drain the rainwater in time, and the rainwater is prevented from entering the cabin;
for another example, the composite wall panel 1 is provided with an aluminum alloy layer 105 on the outer side of the adobe layer 101 to delay the erosion of the adobe layer 101;
for another example, in the composite wall panel 1, the thicknesses of the sawdust filling layer 102, the steel plate layer 103 and the wood plate layer 104 are 1/2, 1/4 and 1/3.5 of the thickness of the earth blank layer 101, respectively; the total thickness of the composite wall panel 1 as a floor, wall and roof is 25cm, 50cm and 15cm, respectively; the earth blanks of the earth blank layer 101 are built by cement and other binding agents, a plurality of anchoring pieces are arranged on the surface of the earth blank layer 101, and the anchoring pieces are fixedly connected with the steel plate layer 103, so that a three-dimensional double-layer framework supporting structure is formed;
for another example, the outer sides of the floor and the wall of the underground part of the cabin are both provided with an anticorrosive layer 8, and the anticorrosive layer 8 is formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkali residues discharged in the alkali preparation process by an ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 15:35:7.5: 25; the adhesive is preferably prepared by the following method: sun-drying pig manure, grinding the dried pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water 9 times the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine 3.5 percent of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 7.5min under the condition of isolating air, cooling and filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20 percent of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch in a weight ratio of 8:1.5 to obtain the adhesive; the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water which is 4 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 9% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 2% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 63 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 4.5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 25min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
for another example, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract used in the scheme, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water 4 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3.5 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
for another example, two sides of the steel plate layer 103 are coated with insect-proof paint, the insect-proof paint is prepared by adding 6% of insect-proof functional components by weight of paint into the paint, and the insect-proof functional components are prepared by mixing 8 parts of plant extract, 6 parts of sulfur, 4 parts of rosin, 11 parts of alcohol and 20 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio, wherein the plant extract is prepared by mixing folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves according to the weight ratio of 3.5:6:8.5:7:2.5, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 9h, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber with the temperature below-20 ℃ for 50min, crushing by using ultrasonic waves to prepare plant mixed powder, performing leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder at the speed of 1.5ml/min by using ethanol as a solvent, concentrating the obtained extracting solution at the temperature of 83 ℃ to 1/10 of the original volume to obtain the plant extract, during leakage extraction, the proportion of the plant mixed powder to the ethanol is 14ml of ethanol corresponding to each 1g of the plant mixed powder;
for another example, the sawdust filling layer 102 further contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 9:6:13, and the mass of the mixed powder is 30% of that of the sawdust;
finally, before being filled into a cavity between the arc-shaped dome 2 and the heat-insulating layer 4, the filler 3 is uniformly mixed with a bacteriostatic agent with the weight of 0.2 percent of that of the filler, and the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 4 parts of chinaberry extract, 5 parts of oleander extract, 7.5 parts of wormwood powder, 4.5 parts of orange leaf powder, 10 parts of cinnamomum camphora leaf powder, 6 parts of sulfur, 2.5 parts of rosin and 21 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio; wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the camphor leaf powder are fine powder with the grain diameter not more than 200 meshes which is obtained by grinding green leaves of the wormwood, the orange leaves and the camphor leaves after drying, the preparation method of Melia azedarach extract and Nerium oleander extract comprises soaking cortex Meliae and Nerium oleander leaf in 30% sodium chloride solution for 7 hr, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber at a temperature below-20 deg.C for 50min, pulverizing with ultrasonic wave to obtain Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder, then ethanol is used as solvent and the two are respectively extracted by leakage at the speed of 1.5ml/min, concentrating the obtained extractive solution at 83 deg.C to 1/10 of the original volume to obtain Melia azedarach extract and Nerium indicum extract, performing percolation extraction, the ratio of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder to ethanol is 14ml for each 1g of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a protect woods cabin, the floor, wall and the roof of this cabin are the same but different composite wall board (1) of thickness of structure, its characterized in that: the lower half part of the cabin is buried underground, an inward-opening entrance door (5) and a window are arranged on one side wall of the cabin, which is positioned on the overground part, a rain-blocking stone (6) which is higher than the ground is arranged on the outer side of the entrance door (5), a heat-insulating layer (4) is horizontally arranged on the roof of the cabin, an arc dome (2) with a high middle part and a low edge is arranged on the heat-insulating layer (4), and a filling body (3) formed by dead branches and fallen leaves is filled in a cavity formed between the arc dome (2) and the heat-insulating layer (4); the composite wallboard (1) is of a multilayer structure and sequentially comprises a soil blank layer (101), a sawdust filling layer (102), a steel plate layer (103) and a wood plate layer (104) from outside to inside, wherein the soil blank layer (101) is a wall body formed by adding weeds and water into clay, mixing the mixture to prepare a brick blank, drying the brick blank and then stacking the brick blank, and the sawdust filling layer (102) is formed by mixing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust in a weight ratio of 1-2:5-7:20-30 and then pressing the mixture;
the green bricks forming the adobe layer (101) are formed by uniformly mixing clay, plant fibers accounting for 5-10% of the mass of the clay, an adhesive accounting for 2-3% of the mass of the clay and a proper amount of water and then pressing, wherein the plant fibers are stems and leaves of herbaceous weeds or wheat straws, and are fished out after being soaked in the water for 3-5 days, dried in the sun and cut into filaments with the length not exceeding 3cm and the diameter not exceeding 2 mm; the adhesive is composed of vegetable oil and modified starch in a weight ratio of 5-7:2-3, and the modified starch is prepared by adding starch into water of which the weight is 3-5 times that of the vegetable oil and mixing uniformly, adding a tin coupling agent of which the weight is 8-10% of that of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4-5 with sulfuric acid, adding an eucommia ulmoides extract of which the weight is 1-3% of that of the starch, mixing uniformly, adjusting the temperature to 60-65 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, adding stearic acid of which the weight is 4-5% of that of the starch, stirring uniformly, and drying at 100-110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 20-30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness.
2. A forest-protection cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a drainage ditch (7) is arranged on the outer side of the rain blocking stone (6).
3. A forest-protection cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: an aluminum alloy layer (105) is arranged on the outer side of the adobe layer (101) of the composite wall board (1) so as to delay the erosion of the adobe layer (101).
4. A forest-protection cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the composite wallboard (1), the thicknesses of the sawdust filling layer (102), the steel plate layer (103) and the wood plate layer (104) are respectively 1/3-2/3, 1/5-1/3 and 1/4-1/3 of the thickness of the earth blank layer (101); the total thickness of the composite wall board (1) used as the floor, the wall and the roof is 20-30cm, 40-60cm and 10-20cm respectively.
CN201811301828.5A 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 Forest protection cabin Active CN109098475B (en)

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CN201710347201.2A CN107100381B (en) 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 A kind of half buried cabin of protecting a forest
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CN201811257194.8A Expired - Fee Related CN109469354B (en) 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 Forest protection cabin for protecting forest resources
CN201811301827.0A Active CN109098474B (en) 2017-05-10 2017-05-10 Forest protection cabin for forest resource protection
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