CN102875227B - Lightweight ecological nutrient soil for roof greening and method for preparing lightweight ecological nutrient soil - Google Patents
Lightweight ecological nutrient soil for roof greening and method for preparing lightweight ecological nutrient soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102875227B CN102875227B CN201210366549.3A CN201210366549A CN102875227B CN 102875227 B CN102875227 B CN 102875227B CN 201210366549 A CN201210366549 A CN 201210366549A CN 102875227 B CN102875227 B CN 102875227B
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Abstract
The invention relates to lightweight ecological nutrient soil for roof greening and a method for preparing the lightweight ecological nutrient soil. The nutrient soil is made of dry basis raw materials including 10-20% of biogas residues, 5-15% of slag, 10-20% of loess, 25-35% of rice hulls, 15-25% of mushroom residues and 15-30% of pine needle soil, and living earthworms accounting for 0.2-1% of the total mass of the dry basis raw materials. The nutrient soil is light in load, low in volume weight, free from hardening, resistant to trampling, fine in moisture and fertility preserving performance, pollution-free, extensive in source of raw materials, low in cost, simple in production process and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to garden afforestation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of roof greening light ecological Nutrition Soil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the increase of city density and the multiple stratification of building, and what occur is that urban afforestation develops to solid space, expands vert space, and the one that expands city multidimensional natural cause is afforested and beautified form.Roof greening is mainly at alleviating urban heat island effect, improves the energy-saving benefit of building, alleviates the load of urban rainwater treatment system, improves the view in city, enriches the aspect such as species diversity in city and brings huge environmental benefit and economic interests to city.But what need to consider at roof greening is the load-bearing problem on roof, because earth-free gas, also to consider the preservation capacity of water and fertility of Nutrition Soil used, therefore roof greening Nutrition Soil used is the key of development roof greening cause.There is in recent years the appearance of some lighter roof greening matrix, just can maintain plant-growth but still need to lay thicker soil layer, relatively also heavier; In addition, not rationality of fertilizer conservation water retention capacity, easily hardens, not resistance to trample, and the problem of greening crop maintenance difficulty does not also have fine solution.
In patent documentation CN 101194586B, record a kind of roofs greening ecological nutrition soil, it is to make take sewage sludge, perlite, vermiculite, silk, water-holding agent, slow-release fertilizer etc. as raw material, although solved to a certain extent subproblem, but the problems such as (in sewage sludges containing a large amount of heavy metals and the organic pollutant of difficult degradation) that also has that matrix unit weight is too high, fertilizer conservation water retention property is barely satisfactory, easily cause secondary pollution, and required material cost high, obtain difficulty, be difficult to spread use.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of load is light, unit weight is low, does not harden, resistance to trample, preserve moisture and fertility performance is good, pollution-free, cost is low roof greening light ecological Nutrition Soil.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
By weight percentage, make roof greening light ecological Nutrition Soil by following butt raw material and the live body earthworm of 0.2～1 ﹪ that accounts for this butt raw material gross weight: natural pond slag 10～20 ﹪, slag 5～15 ﹪, loess 10～20 ﹪, rice husk 25～35 ﹪, mushroom residue 15～25 ﹪, pine soil 15～30 ﹪.
Described butt raw material comprises natural pond slag 13～18 ﹪, slag 6～12 ﹪, loess 12～17 ﹪, rice husk 28～35 ﹪, mushroom residue 16～22 ﹪, pine soil 18～25 ﹪.
Described live body earthworm is William Pheretimatschiliensis, white stem Pheretimatschiliensis, puts down No. 2 or put down No. 3 greatly greatly.
The preparation method of light ecological Nutrition Soil for described roof greening, comprises the steps:
(1) prepare butt raw material by said ratio;
(2) first rice husk, mushroom residue are mixed and add water after under 40～55 ℃ of conditions pile fermentation 25～35 days;
(3) sneak into again remaining butt raw material, and add water be adjusted to need water content;
(4) finally sneak into live body earthworm by above-mentioned weight proportion.
In described step (2), regulate pH value to 5.6～7.5 of mixed material.
In the slag of natural pond, contain outside abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a large amount of element, also contain the trace elements such as calcium that plant growth is played an important role, magnesium, boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, molybdenum, nutritive ingredient is comprehensive; Slag can guarantee the resistance to trample of soil, not harden, and slag is originally as many spaces material, can improve the water storage of soil, and be rich in the required all kinds of mineral elements of plant, and slow release, to soil, plays the effect of slowly-releasing; The organic porosity of the vegetable fibre such as rice husk, mushroom residue that becomes thoroughly decomposed after fermentation is large, hole is many (65%～75%), has stronger ion-exchange performance, lightweight (density 340～440kg/m
3), water-holding power is strong, is conducive to retain and conserve soil moisture.Loess is the soil of high-quality.For dust and the silty sand particulate composition of yellow-gray or brown color, quality homogeneous, the calcareous or loess concretion containing volume, concrete dynamic modulus.
Pine soil (pine needle mulch;) be the product after pine needle becomes thoroughly decomposed; its quality is lighter; can strengthen the drawknot between plant fiber particle; prevent soil erosion; there is moisture-keeping function, can effectively preventing the soil erosion, also there is insect protected effect (such as termite), therefore can better protect garden plant.
Mushroom residue, is again bacterium chaff, bacterium slag, mushroom slag, refers to the various edible mushroomss of cultivation remaining solid waste later.Mushroom residue contains abundant crude protein, crude fat and nitrogen extract, also contains the mineral substance such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, and these compositions are easily absorbed and used; In mushroom residue, also contain a large amount of beneficial microbe colonies, if the white-rot fungi of efficient degradation cellulosic material etc.; Mushroom residue is not only good fertilizer, but also is a kind of potential environmental pollutant bioprosthetic material.
Earthworm is movable in soil, makes loosing soil, and air and moisture can go deep into, in soil, being conducive to plant-growth more, can play the effect of improvement soil; Earthworm can also be improved the fertility of soil, and earthworm, take feces of livestock and poultry and organic waste rubbish as food, together swallows together with earth, the fragments such as the cauline leaf of the dead plants of also ingesting, form ight soil through digestion and excrete, and wherein contain abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, the nutrients such as potassium, can provide plant required nutrient; Moreover, utilize earthworm to process the efficiency of organic waste very high, improve soil physical property, make it soft, water conservation, ventilative.
The present invention has actively useful effect:
1. this light ecological Nutrition Soil unit weight load little, that roof is applied is light, only has 1/3 of general soil;
2. this light ecological Nutrition Soil laying thin-layer matrix can meet plant growth needs, as turf plant only needs 6cm, plants vegetables and only needs 10～30cm;
3. this light ecological Nutrition Soil nutritive ingredient is abundant, good permeability, and drainage is good, and after plantation crop, manageability is safeguarded, as just much of that in watered once usually basic every month, even if also only need to water one time for every 15 days water in dry season; Annual fertilising 2 times.
4. not containing a large amount of heavy metal element and organic pollutants (as microbiotic, agricultural chemicals etc.), environmentally friendly, and use hardly chemical fertilizer, meet the environment protection requirement of roof greening;
5. have that concrete dynamic modulus, permeability are good, lightweight, the excellent properties such as do not harden, can reach dry and do not ftracture, wet not ponding, pinch not agglomerating, soil and do not harden, utilize and can above people trample completely with the turf that this matrix is planted.
6. most raw materials are agricultural wastes, cheap and easy to get, and soil layer is ultra-thin in addition, and maintenance number of times is few, and investment greatly reduces.
7. this light ecological Nutrition Soil both can be used as roof cultivation matrix, also can be used for ground cultivation matrix, was particularly suitable for melon and fruit, leaf vegetables growth.
Embodiment
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Related raw material in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is commercially available.
Embodiment 1: configuration 1000 ㎏ roof greening light ecological Nutrition Soils, kind plant is mater convolvulus.
Take: natural pond slag (from Anyang Zhong Dan bioenergy limited liability company system biogas residue natural pond slag) 135 ㎏, slag 85 ㎏, loess 190 ㎏, rice husk (limit, the Yellow River, Yuanyang, Henan rice source mill) 300 ㎏, mushroom residue 155 ㎏, pine soil 130 ㎏, earthworm (flat No. two greatly) 5 ㎏.
Wherein rice husk, mushroom residue mix and add after suitable quantity of water under 50 ℃ of conditions stack retting 30 days, degreasing, fermentation.After rice husk, mushroom residue after fermentation are mixed with other butt raw material, adjusting water content to 50% left and right, then add live body earthworm.
By above-mentioned roof greening light ecological Nutrition Soil, be filled on roof in brick good dish pond or anticorrosive wood flower case, laying depth 25cm, sowing mater convolvulus seed, waters.
After 2 days, emerge, on average within every 5～6 days, water one time afterwards water, guarantee ground moistening.Average every 15 days results once; Obvious with space management contrast effect of increasing production, on average increase production 121%, and in mater convolvulus body, nitrite content mensuration is all less than national standard.
Embodiment 2: configuration 1000 ㎏ roof greening light ecological Nutrition Soils, plant short raw tall fescue turf.
Take: natural pond slag (from Anyang Zhong Dan bioenergy limited liability company system biogas residue natural pond slag) 125 ㎏, slag 75 ㎏, loess 175 ㎏, rice husk 320 ㎏, mushroom residue 150 ㎏, pine soil 150 ㎏, earthworm (white stem Pheretimatschiliensis) 5 ㎏.Wherein rice husk, mushroom residue mix and add after suitable quantity of water under 45 ℃ of conditions stack retting 30 days, degreasing, fermentation.After rice husk, mushroom residue after fermentation are mixed with other raw material.
By the roof light Nutrition Soil after mixing, be filled on roof in brick good pond and anticorrosive wood flower case, 6cm, broadcasts sowing lawn seed, suppresses, waters.After 10 days, emerge, within every 15 days afterwards, water one time water, prune toothing and be no more than 6cm, become level ground and matter close after 32 days completely, in Zhengzhou area, the green phase was about 350 days.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a roof greening light ecological Nutrition Soil, made by butt raw material and live body earthworm, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, described butt raw material comprises natural pond slag 10～20 ﹪, slag 5～15 ﹪, loess 10～20 ﹪, rice husk 25～35 ﹪, mushroom residue 15～25 ﹪, pine soil 15～30 ﹪; Described live body earthworm accounts for 0.2～1 ﹪ of butt raw material gross weight, and described live body earthworm is William Pheretimatschiliensis, white stem Pheretimatschiliensis, puts down No. 2 or put down No. 3 greatly greatly.
2. roof greening according to claim 1 light ecological Nutrition Soil, it is characterized in that, described butt raw material comprises natural pond slag 13～18 ﹪, slag 6～12 ﹪, loess 12～17 ﹪, rice husk 28～35 ﹪, mushroom residue 16～22 ﹪, pine soil 18～25 ﹪.
3. the preparation method of roof greening use light ecological Nutrition Soil described in claim 1, comprises the steps:
(1) prepare butt raw material by proportioning claimed in claim 1;
(2) first rice husk, mushroom residue are mixed and add water after under 40～55 ℃ of conditions pile fermentation 25～35 days;
(3) sneak into again remaining butt raw material, and add water be adjusted to need water content;
(4) finally sneak into live body earthworm by weight proportion claimed in claim 1.
4. the preparation method of light ecological Nutrition Soil for roof greening according to claim 1, is characterized in that, regulates pH value to 5.6～7.5 of mixed material in described step (2).
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