CN103444398A - Water-hyacinth biological coverage method for corn planting - Google Patents
Water-hyacinth biological coverage method for corn planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444398A CN103444398A CN2013103594825A CN201310359482A CN103444398A CN 103444398 A CN103444398 A CN 103444398A CN 2013103594825 A CN2013103594825 A CN 2013103594825A CN 201310359482 A CN201310359482 A CN 201310359482A CN 103444398 A CN103444398 A CN 103444398A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-hyacinth biological coverage method for corn planting. The water-hyacinth biological coverage method comprises the operating steps of: (1) harvesting water hyacinth; (2) cleaning weeds and sludge carried on water hyacinth plants, and then draining; (3) cutting the water hyacinth into crushed blocks; (4) airing the crushed blocks of the water hyacinth; (5) when 3-4 new leaves grow on each corn seedling, covering the crushed blocks of the dried water hyacinth on the surface of the soil of line gaps of corn plants by the amount of 4-6kg/m<2> with the covering thickness of being 18-22cm. The water-hyacinth biological covering method disclosed by the invention not only has the advantages by utilizing biological coverage, but also is more economic and practical than the use of artificially-synthesized plastic covering materials since biomass is used as organic covering materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to arviculture, biomass recycling use field, relate in particular to the biological covering method of a kind of weter hyacinth for corn planting.
Background technology
Corn is considered to be in one of most popular cereal crops of China.Traditional agricultural management technology for improving corn yield comprises irrigation, turn over and fertilising etc.But what in recent years, the soil soverlay technique was used is more and more.Soil is coated with lot of advantages, can delay soil moisture loss, relax soil temperature and change, suppress weed growth, organic matter and nutrient be provided, enrich soil microbial community and improve crop yield etc. for soil.For example, its per day soil temperature ratio of chlamydate soil does not have chlamydate soil will exceed 2-9 ℃, especially more obvious at the early stage this warming effect of plant growth.Soil covers and keeps the moisture aspect, and being mainly reflected in covering can significantly increase soil moisture content, the field capacity of available moisture content and soil in raising soil.
The material covered for soil at present mainly comprises two large classes, living beings (agricultural crop straw, rice husk etc.) and plastic film.For plastic film, living beings cover the maintenance soil moisture not only can continued and improve soil temperature regime, and living beings can be for soil provides organic matter and nutrient when degraded, thereby better promote plant growth.For example, with rice husk, cover for the growth of wheat just than using the effective of plastic film, because rice husk has increased the validity of Soil nitrogen when improving soil moisture.Therefore, the biological covering is a kind of effective measures that promote plant growth.
Worldwide, weter hyacinth is a kind of fluitante that is widely used in sewage purification.Simultaneously, due to the characteristic of weter hyacinth itself and being on the rise of water pollution thereof, caused the overgrowing of weter hyacinth, caused serious society, economy and environment problem, for example blocked river course, impact irrigation, destroy water conservancy projects and cause the riverway sludge accumulation; Cause the water body bio-diversity to reduce, make the fishery underproduction; Insect pest etc. spreads disease.The a large amount of weter hyacinth refuses that produce for want of effective recovery and utilization technology often arbitrarily abandon, and the organic matter of high load capacity produces rainwash, washes away and underground leakage polluted surface water and underground water through rainfall, is greatly threatening water environment and human health safety.
Therefore need that exploitation is a kind of can effectively solve the weter hyacinth pollution problem, can utilize again weter hyacinth to improve the biological covering method of crop yield, but up to the present, weter hyacinth is used and have not been reported as the biological covering of corn planting process.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize a kind ofly effectively solving the ecological hazard that weter hyacinth invasion brings, and finally realizes the crop cultivation methods that weter hyacinth improvement combines with the ecological agriculture and profitable agriculture.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the biological covering method of a kind of weter hyacinth for corn planting, and operation in accordance with the following methods:
Step 1, weter hyacinth results;
The weeds and the mud that on step 2, flushing water cucurbit plant, carry, drain afterwards;
Step 3, weter hyacinth is cut into to fragment;
Step 4, air-dry weter hyacinth fragment;
Step 5, when maize seedling grows 3-4 sheet young leaves, air-dry weter hyacinth fragment is covered in to the corn plants soil surface of gap in the ranks with the amount of 4-6kg/m2, cladding thickness is 18-22cm.
In described step 3, fragment length is 10-20mm.
In described step 4, air-dry time is 7-10 days, at least turning 2 times air drying process every day.
The planting density of described maize seedling is 8 strains/m
2.
The invention has the advantages that the method not only utilizes biological the covering to have outside above-mentioned advantage, also because economical and practical more than the artificial synthetic plastics cladding material of use using living beings as organic mat.This kind, for the biological covering method of the weter hyacinth of corn growth, effectively improved the hydrothermal condition of soil, thereby promoted the growth of corn.Simultaneously, the biological covering method of weter hyacinth also provides an effective approach for the safe disposal of weter hyacinth.
Embodiment
Weter hyacinth is one of the fastest plant that grows in the world, in the situation that the average every 5d of conditions permit produces 1 new strain, in 1 strain weter hyacinth 1 year, through breeding, can reach 1.4 hundred million strains, can be paved with the water surface of 140hm2, and fresh weight can reach 28000t.As anything all has positive and negative two aspects, weter hyacinth is no exception.On the one hand, if arbitrarily take it to new environment, may lead to disastrous consequence, on the other hand, if can be controlled and recycling it, can turn waste into wealth.In order to reach the benign cycle of Preventing Countermeasure To Water Hyacinth Abroad and recycling, reduce the harm of weter hyacinth to environment, simultaneously so as to improving the output of corn planting, realize the unification of environmental benefit, Social benefit and economic benefit, the invention provides the biological covering method of a kind of weter hyacinth for corn planting.
The required weter hyacinth of the method is produced weter hyacinth by natural river, lake or sewage disposal process, is covered in after pretreatment the corn plants soil surface of gap in the ranks, thus improve the soil water, heat, gas, fertilizer efficiency should, thereby improve the output of corn.
Concrete implementation step:
Step 1, weter hyacinth results, preferably from the weter hyacinth pool for purification of water quality;
The weeds and the mud that on step 2, flushing water cucurbit plant, carry, and be put in ward and drain;
Step 3, weter hyacinth is cut into to fragment, according to experiment, preferably fragment length is 10-20mm, like this can moisturizing, ventilative, and can, as early as possible in the soil surface degraded, be fertilizer provision from soil again;
Step 4, air-dry weter hyacinth fragment, be put in natural air drying 7-10 days in concrete floor, and at least turning 2 times air drying process every day, in order to avoid rot;
Step 5, when maize seedling grows 3-4 sheet young leaves, air-dry weter hyacinth fragment with 4-6kg/m
2amount be covered in the corn plants soil surface of gap in the ranks, preferred 5kg/m
2, cladding thickness is 18-22cm, preferred 20cm, and wherein the planting density of maize seedling is 8 strains/m
2.
The initial overlay capacity of weter hyacinth can be suitable increase or minimizing, looking weter hyacinth degraded situation in the corn growth process can be covered again, i.e. degraded is fast, needs to supplement to cover.By said method, corn does not need to carry out man-made irrigation except natural precipitation in process of growth.
The assay method of soil moisture content: adopt earth boring auger to fetch earth, weightlessness when soil specimen dries to constant weight under 105 ± 2 ℃, be the quality of soil specimen contained humidity.Weight * 100% before soil moisture content=(soil specimen is dried front weight-soil specimen and dried rear weight)/soil specimen oven dry.The assay method of soil temperature:
Soil temperature adopts direct triangle mercurial thermometer to be embedded in certain deep soil layer and directly measures, the long-armed 15cm of this thermometer tool, galianconism 10cm.Thermometer measure scope 0-100 ℃.Corn growth and determination of yield: during results, milpa harvesting near the ground, corn ear and stalk are put in baking oven after separating, and under 65 ℃, dry 24h, then weigh, in order to calculate the output of maize straw and corn ear thereof.
Measure by said method, cover through weter hyacinth is biological, 10,20,30,50,70 and the soil horizon moisture content of the 90cm degree of depth on average increase by 5.5%.In soil 5cm and the 10cm degree of depth, soil temperature on average raise respectively 0.7-1.1 ℃ and 0.4-0.7 ℃.Corn yield on average increases production 18.5%, and the straw biological amount on average increases by 20.5%.
Claims (4)
1. the biological covering method of the weter hyacinth for corn planting is characterized in that:
Operation in accordance with the following methods:
Step 1, weter hyacinth results;
The weeds and the mud that on step 2, flushing water cucurbit plant, carry, drain afterwards;
Step 3, weter hyacinth is cut into to fragment;
Step 4, air-dry weter hyacinth fragment;
Step 5, when maize seedling grows 3-4 sheet young leaves, air-dry weter hyacinth fragment is covered in to the corn plants soil surface of gap in the ranks with the amount of 4-6kg/m2, cladding thickness is 18-22cm.
2. the biological covering method of the weter hyacinth for corn planting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 3, fragment length is 10-20mm.
3. the biological covering method of the weter hyacinth for corn planting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 4, air-dry time is 7-10 days, at least turning 2 times air drying process every day.
4. the biological covering method of the weter hyacinth for corn planting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the planting density of described maize seedling is 8 strains/m
2.
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| CN201310359482.5A CN103444398B (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2013-08-16 | Water-hyacinth biological coverage method for corn planting |
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| CN201310359482.5A CN103444398B (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2013-08-16 | Water-hyacinth biological coverage method for corn planting |
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| CN103444398B CN103444398B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704000A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 董金锋 | Corn high-yield cultivation method |
| CN103896679A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-02 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Vegetable seedling substrate prepared by utilizing water hyacinth and preparation method of vegetable seedling substrate |
| CN109922653A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-06-21 | 中间股份有限责任公司 | For collecting and handling the method and unit of water hyacinth |
| CN113337297A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 贵州大学 | Soilless spraying biological covering material and preparation method thereof |
| US11746238B1 (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2023-09-05 | In-Between International S. A. | Water hyacinth fiber-based materials |
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| CN201050052Y (en) * | 2007-05-26 | 2008-04-23 | 襄樊学院 | Slope soil erosion control coiled material |
| CN101473742A (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2009-07-08 | 沃邦（江苏）生态肥业有限公司 | Method for plating water hyacinth with control in open water |
| CN102827612A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Soil water-holding agent and application method thereof |
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| CN201050052Y (en) * | 2007-05-26 | 2008-04-23 | 襄樊学院 | Slope soil erosion control coiled material |
| CN101473742A (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2009-07-08 | 沃邦（江苏）生态肥业有限公司 | Method for plating water hyacinth with control in open water |
| CN102827612A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Soil water-holding agent and application method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704000A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 董金锋 | Corn high-yield cultivation method |
| CN103896679A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-02 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Vegetable seedling substrate prepared by utilizing water hyacinth and preparation method of vegetable seedling substrate |
| CN103896679B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Vegetable seedling substrate prepared by utilizing water hyacinth and preparation method of vegetable seedling substrate |
| CN109922653A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-06-21 | 中间股份有限责任公司 | For collecting and handling the method and unit of water hyacinth |
| CN109922653B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2022-03-11 | 中间股份有限责任公司 | Method and unit for collecting and treating water hyacinth |
| US11425861B2 (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2022-08-30 | In-Between Sa | Process and unit for harvesting and processing water hyacinths |
| CN113337297A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 贵州大学 | Soilless spraying biological covering material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113337297B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-04-12 | 贵州大学 | Soilless spraying biological covering material and preparation method thereof |
| US11746238B1 (en) | 2022-03-22 | 2023-09-05 | In-Between International S. A. | Water hyacinth fiber-based materials |
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|---|---|
| CN103444398B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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