CN107750854A - A kind of cultural method of capsicum - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of capsicum Download PDFInfo
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- CN107750854A CN107750854A CN201711079052.2A CN201711079052A CN107750854A CN 107750854 A CN107750854 A CN 107750854A CN 201711079052 A CN201711079052 A CN 201711079052A CN 107750854 A CN107750854 A CN 107750854A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of capsicum, the cultivation includes seed selection and pretreatment, nursery, field planting, daily management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting.Using a kind of cultural method of capsicum of the present invention, pass through the selection and pretreatment to capsicum variety, its germination percentage can be improved, by nursery, field planting and the rational application of fertilizer, sufficient nutrition is provided to capsicum, in terms of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, using plant insecticide, to crop without poisoning, noresidue, in recovery process, by top dressing, the picking time of capsicum can be extended.The capsicum cultivated using the method for the invention, its fruit-setting rate is high, rich in nutrition content, hot and spicy, there is natural nuisance-free, pepper cultivation cost can be reduced, improve capsicum survival rate, strengthen the benefit of cultivated peppers, make disease resistance and the enhancing of insect pest ability of capsicum, reach the purpose of high yield and high quality, it is adapted to large-scale cultivating and growing, there is promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pepper cultivation technical field, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of capsicum.
Background technology
Capsicum is one of main vegetable crop in China, there is extensive purposes, can both be eaten raw, is important condiment again,
Consequence is occupy in vegetables industry, it has also become indispensable food in people's daily life.Due to the fruit of capsicum
Because its capsicum skin contains capsaicine and there is pungent, appetite can be increased, increase famished look, in the life of people, be mainly employed
In seasoning field, but with continuous development of the people to the demand and technology of product category, food is used as in itself for capsicum
The product in field also begins to largely occur.Therefore, the demand for capsicum commercially is also increasing, therefore, for
Capsicum carries out rationalization cultivation, improves pepper cultivation yield, and reducing pepper cultivation cost becomes pepper cultivation technical field
One of key factor, while be also to be related to capsicum product field to magnify one of the key factor of production.
And traditional pepper cultivation plantation, it is to be carried out by the scheme of nursery, transplanting, and carrying out nursery and transplanting
Cheng Zhong, because the situation of the environment to being adapted to required for capsicum is unclear, and then cause the seed germination during pepper seedling raising
Rate is relatively low, and the plant percent after transplanting is relatively low, and the incidence of disease is higher, and then influences the yield of capsicum.It is most at present
Pepper cultivation is cultivated using greenhouse mode, and not only cost is high, and time-consuming, laborious, although its body is big, yield is high, battalion
Form that point low, pungent is insufficient, root system is undeveloped, disease pest is more, a large amount of the problems such as being also easy to cause soil pollution using chemical fertilizer.So as to
Cause cultivation cost to increase, correspondingly hinder the cultivation of capsicum.Due to capsicum, demand is big in daily life, plants
Training prospect is good, and existing pepper cultivation method yield is relatively low, is unfavorable for mass producing and promotes.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided one kind meets chili growth rule cultural method, tool
There is natural nuisance-free, pepper cultivation cost can be reduced, improve capsicum survival rate, strengthen the benefit of cultivated peppers, make the anti-of capsicum
Characteristic of disease and the enhancing of insect pest ability, reach the purpose of high yield and high quality, specifically a kind of cultural method of capsicum.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of cultural method of capsicum, the cultivation
Include seed selection and pretreatment, nursery, field planting, daily management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting, specifically include following steps：
(1) choose seeds and pre-process：Select thick full grains, meat, high yield and disease resistance stronger, be adapted to the excellent capsicum locally cultivated
Kind；The pepper seed chosen is put into the clear water that temperature is 43~48 DEG C and soaked 20~30 minutes, in immersion process
Stirring 2~3 times, after being cleaned up after immersion using clear water, is pulled out after drying, and it is 22~25 DEG C to bind up with gauze and be placed in temperature
Vernalization 3~5 days under environment, wait shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) nursery：Start nursery in mid or late Febuary to early March, the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is uniformly sowed in nursery soil, sowed
Mulch film insulation nursery is covered afterwards, during nursery, mulch film can be removed after the rate of coming up reaches 70%, ground temperature surpasses before coming up
Need to throw off mulch film when crossing 30 DEG C and leak informaton, between 23~28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is low for nursery bed temperature control on daytime after coming up
, it is necessary to cover mulch film insulation when 12 DEG C, seedling raise period is 35~45 days, 5~7 centimetres of Seedling Height, it is seen that true leaf more than 4
When, you can field planting；
(3) it is colonized：Select that soil layer is deep, quality is loose, free of contamination sand is used as milpa, open railway carriage or compartment and do furrow, selection is fine
It is colonized after it morning or at 3 points in afternoon, needs to use sufficient milpa mixing organic fertilizer before field planting, every mu applies mixing organic fertilizer
3500~4000 kilograms；55~65 centimetres of the line-spacing of field planting, 45~55 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu is planted 2800~3200 plants；
(4) daily management：Suitably sprinkled water after being colonized one week, keep ground moistening, carry out tillage and weeding after being colonized 30 days, simultaneously
Mixing organic fertilizer is imposed, every mu applies 1000~1500 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing, and suitably waters, and keeps ground moistening；Containing
Fruiting period needs to impose mixed once organic fertilizer again, and every mu applies 2500~3000 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Rejecting sick seedling is paid attention to after field planting in growth period, to reduce the incidence of disease of plant, early stage uses
Plant insecticide presses 1 with water:3~5 times of amount allotments, the use of sprinkling processing, wherein plant insecticide is carried out after allotment uniformly
Measure and spray 15~20 kilograms for every mu, interval sprays 1 time for 10~15 days, continuously sprays 2~3 times；
(6) harvest：Capsicum is changed into aubergine or red as fire color by cyan to be harvested, into autumn after apply an organic fertilizer again,
Every mu apply mixing 1500~2000 kilograms of organic fertilizer, and suitably water and earth up once, take in batches picking methods adopted
Receive, last time carries out whole strain when harvesting and pulled up.
Further, the cultural method of a kind of capsicum of the present invention, wherein the machine fertilizer that is mixed with is including following heavy
The raw material of amount part is formulated：40~50 parts of 120~150 parts of fowl and animal excrement, wormcast, plant ash 35~45 after fermentation maturity
Part, 30~40 parts of urea, 15~20 parts of ammonium phosphate, 10~15 parts of potassium sulfate, 8~12 parts of humic acid, 6~10 parts of borax, sulfuric acid
3~6 parts of 5~8 parts of manganese, 4~7 parts of ammonium molybdate and copper sulphate；After each component is well mixed by raw material proportioning during preparation, drying
Its water content is ground into fine powder after being less than 15%.
Further, the cultural method of a kind of capsicum of the present invention, wherein the plant insecticide is including following
The raw material of parts by weight is formulated：40~45 parts of tobacco processing fent, 35~40 parts of tea processing leftover bits and pieces, pine needle 25~30
Part, 20~25 parts of Herba Achilleae, 15~20 parts of capsicum processing fent, 10~15 parts of dried orange peel, 8~12 parts of China tree tree branches and leaves, weeping willow
2~5 parts of 5~8 parts of leaf, 4~7 parts of cordate houttuynia, 3~6 parts of the root of langdu and the Radix Astragali；Its preparation method is to carry out each raw material according to proportioning
After mixing, insert progress pulverization process in pulverizer and obtain fine powder, extracting in water twice, adds 3~4 times in the feed for the first time
The water of amount, sealing decoction 100~120 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；Filtering and collecting filter liquid and filter residue, exist for the second time
The water of 2~3 times of amounts is added in filter residue, sealing decoction 60~90 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；Filtering and collecting filter liquid,
Merge gained filtrate twice, and heat concentration, thickening temperature control between 80~100 DEG C, be concentrated into former water consumption 15~
When 20%, stop concentration, be cooled to room temperature and produce the plant insecticide.
Using a kind of cultural method of capsicum of the present invention, compared with prior art, its advantage is：Pass through
Selection and pretreatment to capsicum variety, can improve its germination percentage, be colonized after nursery, can improve capsicum survival rate,
During daily management, by the rational application of fertilizer, sufficient nutrition is provided to capsicum, makes the disease resistance and insect pest ability of capsicum
Enhancing, strong to insect lethal effect using plant insecticide in terms of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, safe, preventive effect is good and cost
It is cheap, while to crop without poisoning, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and agricultural product, in recovery process, by imposing mixed once
Organic fertilizer, the picking time of capsicum can be extended, reach the purpose of increased economic benefit.Using the method for the invention cultivation
Capsicum, its fruit-setting rate is high, rich in nutrition content, hot and spicy, has natural nuisance-free, can reduce pepper cultivation cost, improves
Capsicum survival rate, strengthen the benefit of cultivated peppers, make disease resistance and the enhancing of insect pest ability of capsicum, reach the mesh of high yield and high quality
, it is adapted to large-scale cultivation, there is promotional value.
Embodiment
In order to more fully explain the implementation of the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Institute
Give an actual example and be served only for explaining the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of cultural method of capsicum, the cultivation includes seed selection and pretreatment, nursery, field planting, daily management, pest and disease damage are prevented
Control and harvest, specifically include following steps：
(1) choose seeds and pre-process：Select thick full grains, meat, high yield and disease resistance stronger, be adapted to the excellent capsicum locally cultivated
Kind；The pepper seed chosen is put into the clear water that temperature is 43~45 DEG C and soaked 30 minutes, 3 are stirred in immersion process
It is secondary, after being cleaned up after immersion using clear water, pull out after drying, bind up with gauze to be placed in the environment of temperature is 22~25 DEG C and urge
Bud 3~5 days, wait shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) nursery：Start nursery in mid or late Febuary to early March, the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is uniformly sowed in nursery soil, sowed
Mulch film insulation nursery is covered afterwards, during nursery, mulch film can be removed after the rate of coming up reaches 70%, ground temperature surpasses before coming up
Need to throw off mulch film when crossing 30 DEG C and leak informaton, between 23~28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is low for nursery bed temperature control on daytime after coming up
, it is necessary to cover mulch film insulation when 12 DEG C, seedling raise period is 35~45 days, 5~7 centimetres of Seedling Height, it is seen that true leaf more than 4
When, you can field planting；
(3) it is colonized：Select that soil layer is deep, quality is loose, free of contamination sand is used as milpa, open railway carriage or compartment and do furrow, selection is fine
It is colonized after it morning or at 3 points in afternoon, needs to use sufficient milpa mixing organic fertilizer before field planting, every mu applies mixing organic fertilizer
3500 kilograms；55~60 centimetres of the line-spacing of field planting, 45~50 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu is planted 2800~3000 plants；
(4) daily management：Suitably sprinkled water after being colonized one week, keep ground moistening, carry out tillage and weeding after being colonized 30 days, simultaneously
Mixing organic fertilizer is imposed, every mu applies 1000 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing, and suitably waters, and keeps ground moistening；Needed in the best fruiting period
Mixed once organic fertilizer is imposed again, and every mu applies 2500 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Rejecting sick seedling is paid attention to after field planting in growth period, to reduce the incidence of disease of plant, early stage uses
Plant insecticide presses 1 with water:3 times of amount allotments, carry out sprinkling processing, the dosage of wherein plant insecticide is after allotment uniformly
Every mu is sprayed 15 kilograms, and interval sprays 1 time for 10 days, continuously sprays 3 times；Wherein described plant insecticide includes following parts by weight
Raw material be formulated：40 parts of tobacco processing fent, 35 parts of tea processing leftover bits and pieces, 25 parts of pine needle, 20 parts of Herba Achilleae, capsicum
2 parts of 15 parts of processing fent, 10 parts of dried orange peel, 8 parts of China tree tree branches and leaves, 5 parts of weeping willow leaf, 4 parts of cordate houttuynia, 3 parts of the root of langdu and the Radix Astragali；Its
Preparation method is after each raw material is mixed according to proportioning, inserts progress pulverization process in pulverizer and obtains fine powder, adds water extraction
Take twice, add the water of 3 times of amounts in the feed for the first time, sealing decoction 100 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；After filtering
Filtrate and filter residue are collected, second of the water that 2 times of amounts are added in filter residue, seals and decocts 60 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；
Filtering and collecting filter liquid, merge gained filtrate twice, and heat concentration, thickening temperature is controlled between 80~100 DEG C, is concentrated into
Former water consumption 15~20% when, stop concentration, be cooled to room temperature and produce the plant insecticide；
(6) harvest：Capsicum is changed into aubergine or red as fire color by cyan to be harvested, into autumn after apply an organic fertilizer again,
Every mu apply mixing 1500 kilograms of organic fertilizer, and suitably water and earth up once, take in batches picking methods harvested, finally
Whole strain is carried out when once harvesting to pull up.
The raw material that mixing organic fertilizer wherein used in the present invention includes following parts by weight is formulated：After fermentation maturity
120 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 40 parts of wormcast, 35 parts of plant ash, 30 parts of urea, 15 parts of ammonium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of humic acid,
3 parts of 6 parts of borax, 5 parts of manganese sulfate, 4 parts of ammonium molybdate and copper sulphate；After each component is well mixed by raw material proportioning during preparation, warp
Its water content is dried less than being ground into fine powder after 15%.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of cultural method of capsicum, the cultivation includes seed selection and pretreatment, nursery, field planting, daily management, pest and disease damage are prevented
Control and harvest, specifically include following steps：
(1) choose seeds and pre-process：Select thick full grains, meat, high yield and disease resistance stronger, be adapted to the excellent capsicum locally cultivated
Kind；The pepper seed chosen is put into the clear water that temperature is 45~46 DEG C and soaked 25 minutes, 3 are stirred in immersion process
It is secondary, after being cleaned up after immersion using clear water, pull out after drying, bind up with gauze to be placed in the environment of temperature is 22~25 DEG C and urge
Bud 3~5 days, wait shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) nursery：Start nursery in mid or late Febuary to early March, the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is uniformly sowed in nursery soil, sowed
Mulch film insulation nursery is covered afterwards, during nursery, mulch film can be removed after the rate of coming up reaches 70%, ground temperature surpasses before coming up
Need to throw off mulch film when crossing 30 DEG C and leak informaton, between 23~28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is low for nursery bed temperature control on daytime after coming up
, it is necessary to cover mulch film insulation when 12 DEG C, seedling raise period is 35~45 days, 5~7 centimetres of Seedling Height, it is seen that true leaf more than 4
When, you can field planting；
(3) it is colonized：Select that soil layer is deep, quality is loose, free of contamination sand is used as milpa, open railway carriage or compartment and do furrow, selection is fine
It is colonized after it morning or at 3 points in afternoon, needs to use sufficient milpa mixing organic fertilizer before field planting, every mu applies mixing organic fertilizer
3800 kilograms；58~62 centimetres of the line-spacing of field planting, 48~53 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu is planted 2900~3100 plants；
(4) daily management：Suitably sprinkled water after being colonized one week, keep ground moistening, carry out tillage and weeding after being colonized 30 days, simultaneously
Mixing organic fertilizer is imposed, every mu applies 1200 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing, and suitably waters, and keeps ground moistening；Needed in the best fruiting period
Mixed once organic fertilizer is imposed again, and every mu applies 2800 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Rejecting sick seedling is paid attention to after field planting in growth period, to reduce the incidence of disease of plant, early stage uses
Plant insecticide presses 1 with water:4 times of amount allotments, carry out sprinkling processing, the dosage of wherein plant insecticide is after allotment uniformly
Every mu is sprayed 18 kilograms, and interval sprays 1 time for 12 days, continuously sprays 3 times；Wherein described plant insecticide includes following parts by weight
Raw material be formulated：43 parts of tobacco processing fent, 37 parts of tea processing leftover bits and pieces, 28 parts of pine needle, 22 parts of Herba Achilleae, capsicum
3 parts of 18 parts of processing fent, 13 parts of dried orange peel, 10 parts of China tree tree branches and leaves, 7 parts of weeping willow leaf, 5 parts of cordate houttuynia, 4 parts of the root of langdu and the Radix Astragali；
Its preparation method is after each raw material is mixed according to proportioning, inserts progress pulverization process in pulverizer and obtains fine powder, adds water
Extraction twice, adds the water of 3.5 times of amounts in the feed for the first time, seals and decocts 110 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；Cross
Filtrate and filter residue are collected after filter, second of the water that 2.5 times of amounts are added in filter residue, seals and decocts at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C
80 minutes；Filtering and collecting filter liquid, merge gained filtrate twice, and heat concentration, thickening temperature control 80~100 DEG C it
Between, when being concentrated into the 15~20% of former water consumption, stop concentration, be cooled to room temperature and produce the plant insecticide；
(6) harvest：Capsicum is changed into aubergine or red as fire color by cyan to be harvested, into autumn after apply an organic fertilizer again,
Every mu apply mixing 1800 kilograms of organic fertilizer, and suitably water and earth up once, take in batches picking methods harvested, finally
Whole strain is carried out when once harvesting to pull up.
The raw material that mixing organic fertilizer wherein used in the present invention includes following parts by weight is formulated：After fermentation maturity
140 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 45 parts of wormcast, 40 parts of plant ash, 35 parts of urea, 18 parts of ammonium phosphate, 13 parts of potassium sulfate, humic acid 10
Part, 8 parts of borax, 7 parts of manganese sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate and 4 parts of copper sulphate；After each component is well mixed by raw material proportioning during preparation,
Drying its water content is ground into fine powder after being less than 15%.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of cultural method of capsicum, the cultivation includes seed selection and pretreatment, nursery, field planting, daily management, pest and disease damage are prevented
Control and harvest, specifically include following steps：
(1) choose seeds and pre-process：Select thick full grains, meat, high yield and disease resistance stronger, be adapted to the excellent capsicum locally cultivated
Kind；The pepper seed chosen is put into the clear water that temperature is 46~48 DEG C and soaked 20 minutes, 2 are stirred in immersion process
It is secondary, after being cleaned up after immersion using clear water, pull out after drying, bind up with gauze to be placed in the environment of temperature is 22~25 DEG C and urge
Bud 3~5 days, wait shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) nursery：Start nursery in mid or late Febuary to early March, the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is uniformly sowed in nursery soil, sowed
Mulch film insulation nursery is covered afterwards, during nursery, mulch film can be removed after the rate of coming up reaches 70%, ground temperature surpasses before coming up
Need to throw off mulch film when crossing 30 DEG C and leak informaton, between 23~28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is low for nursery bed temperature control on daytime after coming up
, it is necessary to cover mulch film insulation when 12 DEG C, seedling raise period is 35~45 days, 5~7 centimetres of Seedling Height, it is seen that true leaf more than 4
When, you can field planting；
(3) it is colonized：Select that soil layer is deep, quality is loose, free of contamination sand is used as milpa, open railway carriage or compartment and do furrow, selection is fine
It is colonized after it morning or at 3 points in afternoon, needs to use sufficient milpa mixing organic fertilizer before field planting, every mu applies mixing organic fertilizer
4000 kilograms；60~65 centimetres of the line-spacing of field planting, 50~55 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu is planted 3000~3200 plants；
(4) daily management：Suitably sprinkled water after being colonized one week, keep ground moistening, carry out tillage and weeding after being colonized 30 days, simultaneously
Mixing organic fertilizer is imposed, every mu applies 1500 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing, and suitably waters, and keeps ground moistening；Needed in the best fruiting period
Mixed once organic fertilizer is imposed again, and every mu applies 3000 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Rejecting sick seedling is paid attention to after field planting in growth period, to reduce the incidence of disease of plant, early stage uses
Plant insecticide presses 1 with water:5 times of amount allotments, the dosage of sprinkling processing, wherein plant insecticide is carried out after allotment uniformly
20 kilograms are sprayed for every mu, interval sprays 1 time for 15 days, continuously sprays 2 times；Wherein described plant insecticide includes following weight
The raw material of part is formulated：It is 45 parts of tobacco processing fent, 40 parts of tea processing leftover bits and pieces, 30 parts of pine needle, 25 parts of Herba Achilleae, peppery
20 parts of green pepper processing fent, 15 parts of dried orange peel, 12 parts of China tree tree branches and leaves, 8 parts of weeping willow leaf, 7 parts of cordate houttuynia, 6 parts of the root of langdu and the Radix Astragali 5
Part；Its preparation method is after each raw material is mixed according to proportioning, inserts progress pulverization process in pulverizer and obtains fine powder, adds
Water extracts the water for adding 4 times of amounts in the feed for the first time twice, seals and decocts 120 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；Cross
Filtrate and filter residue are collected after filter, second of the water that 3 times of amounts are added in filter residue, is sealed at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C and decocts 90
Minute；Filtering and collecting filter liquid, merging gained filtrate twice, and heat concentration, thickening temperature is controlled between 80~100 DEG C,
When being concentrated into the 15~20% of former water consumption, stop concentration, be cooled to room temperature and produce the plant insecticide.
(6) harvest：Capsicum is changed into aubergine or red as fire color by cyan to be harvested, into autumn after apply again once it is organic
Fertilizer, every mu apply mixing 2000 kilograms of organic fertilizer, and suitably water and earth up once, take in batches picking methods harvested,
Last time carries out whole strain when harvesting and pulled up.
The raw material that mixing organic fertilizer wherein used in the present invention includes following parts by weight is formulated：After fermentation maturity
150 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 50 parts of wormcast, 45 parts of plant ash, 40 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium phosphate, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, humic acid 12
Part, 10 parts of borax, 8 parts of manganese sulfate, 7 parts of ammonium molybdate and 6 parts of copper sulphate；Each component is well mixed by raw material proportioning during preparation
Afterwards, drying its water content is ground into fine powder after being less than 15%.
Using cultural method of the present invention and conventional greenhouse cultivation method（Reference examples）Compare, the situation of Profit of its capsicum
It is shown in Table described in 1：
Table 1：Pepper cultivation income statement
It can be seen from Table 1 that using pepper cultivation method of the present invention, n plant survival rate, rhizome size, in per mu yield
Better than control group, and pest and disease damage is few, and the disease resistance and insect pest ability of capsicum are strong, can also extend its collecting time, and
Cultural method is simple, and cost is low, and quality and its yield are all improved, and its economic well-being of workers and staff is obvious, is adapted to large-scale plant
Training, has application value.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this hair
The improvement for the various unsubstantialities that bright methodology and technical scheme are carried out, or it is not improved by the design of the present invention and technology
Scheme directly applies to other occasions, within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of cultural method of capsicum, it is characterised in that the cultivation includes seed selection and pretreatment, nursery, field planting, daily
Management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting, specifically include following steps：
(1) choose seeds and pre-process：Select thick full grains, meat, high yield and disease resistance stronger, be adapted to the excellent capsicum locally cultivated
Kind；The pepper seed chosen is put into the clear water that temperature is 43~48 DEG C and soaked 20~30 minutes, in immersion process
Stirring 2~3 times, after being cleaned up after immersion using clear water, is pulled out after drying, and it is 22~25 DEG C to bind up with gauze and be placed in temperature
Vernalization 3~5 days under environment, wait shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) nursery：Start nursery in mid or late Febuary to early March, the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is uniformly sowed in nursery soil, sowed
Mulch film insulation nursery is covered afterwards, during nursery, mulch film can be removed after the rate of coming up reaches 70%, ground temperature surpasses before coming up
Need to throw off mulch film when crossing 30 DEG C and leak informaton, between 23~28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is low for nursery bed temperature control on daytime after coming up
, it is necessary to cover mulch film insulation when 12 DEG C, seedling raise period is 35~45 days, 5~7 centimetres of Seedling Height, it is seen that true leaf more than 4
When, you can field planting；
(3) it is colonized：Select that soil layer is deep, quality is loose, free of contamination sand is used as milpa, open railway carriage or compartment and do furrow, selection is fine
It is colonized after it morning or at 3 points in afternoon, needs to use sufficient milpa mixing organic fertilizer before field planting, every mu applies mixing organic fertilizer
3500~4000 kilograms；55~65 centimetres of the line-spacing of field planting, 45~55 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu is planted 2800~3200 plants；
(4) daily management：Suitably sprinkled water after being colonized one week, keep ground moistening, carry out tillage and weeding after being colonized 30 days, simultaneously
Mixing organic fertilizer is imposed, every mu applies 1000~1500 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing, and suitably waters, and keeps ground moistening；Containing
Fruiting period needs to impose mixed once organic fertilizer again, and every mu applies 2500~3000 kilograms of organic fertilizer of mixing；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Rejecting sick seedling is paid attention to after field planting in growth period, to reduce the incidence of disease of plant, early stage uses
Plant insecticide presses 1 with water:3~5 times of amount allotments, the use of sprinkling processing, wherein plant insecticide is carried out after allotment uniformly
Measure and spray 15~20 kilograms for every mu, interval sprays 1 time for 10~15 days, continuously sprays 2~3 times；
(6) harvest：Capsicum is changed into aubergine or red as fire color by cyan to be harvested, into autumn after apply an organic fertilizer again,
Every mu apply mixing 1500~2000 kilograms of organic fertilizer, and suitably water and earth up once, take in batches picking methods adopted
Receive, last time carries out whole strain when harvesting and pulled up.
2. the cultural method of capsicum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mixing organic fertilizer includes following weight
The raw material of part is formulated：40~50 parts of 120~150 parts of fowl and animal excrement, wormcast, plant ash 35~45 after fermentation maturity
Part, 30~40 parts of urea, 15~20 parts of ammonium phosphate, 10~15 parts of potassium sulfate, 8~12 parts of humic acid, 6~10 parts of borax, sulfuric acid
3~6 parts of 5~8 parts of manganese, 4~7 parts of ammonium molybdate and copper sulphate；After each component is well mixed by raw material proportioning during preparation, drying
Its water content is ground into fine powder after being less than 15%.
3. the cultural method of capsicum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The plant insecticide includes following heavy
The raw material of amount part is formulated：40~45 parts of tobacco processing fent, 35~40 parts of tea processing leftover bits and pieces, pine needle 25~30
Part, 20~25 parts of Herba Achilleae, 15~20 parts of capsicum processing fent, 10~15 parts of dried orange peel, 8~12 parts of China tree tree branches and leaves, weeping willow
2~5 parts of 5~8 parts of leaf, 4~7 parts of cordate houttuynia, 3~6 parts of the root of langdu and the Radix Astragali；Its preparation method is to carry out each raw material according to proportioning
After mixing, insert progress pulverization process in pulverizer and obtain fine powder, extracting in water twice, adds 3~4 times in the feed for the first time
The water of amount, sealing decoction 100~120 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；Filtering and collecting filter liquid and filter residue, exist for the second time
The water of 2~3 times of amounts is added in filter residue, sealing decoction 60~90 minutes at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；Filtering and collecting filter liquid,
Merge gained filtrate twice, and heat concentration, thickening temperature control between 80~100 DEG C, be concentrated into former water consumption 15~
When 20%, stop concentration, be cooled to room temperature and produce the plant insecticide.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108308207A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-24 | 夏文秀 | A kind of vegetable insecticide and preparation method thereof for vegetable cultivation |
| CN108684482A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-23 | 广西中农富玉国际农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of capsicum tree |
| CN108934825A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-07 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of capsicum |
| CN109302960A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-05 | 邵阳市钲淇农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of point green pepper |
| CN110249928A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 青海省农林科学院 | A method of improving capsicum fruit-setting rate |
| CN110558193A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-13 | 耿翔 | high-yield low-harm cotton planting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108308207A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-24 | 夏文秀 | A kind of vegetable insecticide and preparation method thereof for vegetable cultivation |
| CN108684482A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-23 | 广西中农富玉国际农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of capsicum tree |
| CN108934825A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-07 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of capsicum |
| CN109302960A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-05 | 邵阳市钲淇农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of point green pepper |
| CN110249928A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 青海省农林科学院 | A method of improving capsicum fruit-setting rate |
| CN110558193A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-13 | 耿翔 | high-yield low-harm cotton planting method |
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