CN1071087C - Method for producing seeds of hybridized maize - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a corn hybrid, which belongs to the technical field of the utilization of agricultural crop heterosis. The present invention adopts the methods of the selection and matching of parent plants, seeding in an optimum period, suitable row ratio, rational close planting, decontamination, trash extraction, etc., and adopts normal mating 478(or the improved train thereof 34-89)*18-599 or backcross 18-599*478(or the improved train 34-89) to prepare 'Chuandan No. 13'.

Description

A kind of method of hybrid maize seed production

The present invention relates to a kind of production method of corn hybrid seed, belong to crop hybrid superiority and utilize technical field.

Corn is one of Sichuan staple food crop, and cultivated area is about 2,500 ten thousand mu throughout the year, and area, wherein flat mound is taken up an area of more than 2/3.In recent years, the area of No. 2, list and agricultural university 65 descends in succession rapidly in the former crossbreed of having planted for many years, thereby broken long-term dependence of Sichuan Province's Maize Production and drawn the situation that kind and single variety " are monopolized the world " outward, what replace it is that a plurality of kinds such as single No. 9 of river, single No. 11 of river, one-tenth single 14 are vied each other, each apparent advantage, the kind replacement speeds up.But these kinds all can not adapt to the Ping Qiu of Sichuan Province area frequent natural calamity, characteristics such as cropping index height.

The present invention is exactly that characteristics at China Sichuan and other places select wide, anti-disease-resistant, the elite hybrid that plant type is compact of a high and stable yield, adaptability, in the hope of substituting those inferior by comparison aborning crossbreed.

The present invention adopts inbred line 18-599 of U.S. crossbreed 78599 and domestic variety 478 to hybridize the preparing hybrid kind as the parent.

The present invention also comprises the apolegamy parent, proper seeding, and suitable row ratio, rational close planting, measures such as roguing are adopted 478 (or its improvement is 34-89) * 18-599 or reciprocal cross 18-599 * 478 (or its improvement is 34-89) preparing hybrid kind-river single No. 13.

1, one of single No. 13 parents in river of the present invention 18-599 is the inbred line of U.S. crossbreed 78599, and 478 is the academy of agricultural sciences's seed selection of Laizhou City, Shandong Province.

2, the seed production technique in single No. 13 of river, except that adopt corresponding suitable row than, regulate date of seeding, the conventional production of hybrid seeds programs such as rational close planting, roguing, also to set up the step breeding system of parental seed, and adopt malesterile technique, to improve seed production quality and output.

Major advantage of the present invention and good effect are: No. 13 ripe group of district's examinations in the 1994-1995 participation flat mound of hybrid maize, Sichuan Province of river list, and 423.3 kilograms of 1994 annual per mu yields, comparison increases production 11.16% according to planting; 441.3 kilograms of nineteen ninety-five average yield per mus, comparison is according in kind of the volume increase 12.84%, two year 34 times, and 30 increase 4 subtracts.Carried out production test in 1996,466.8 kilograms of Shizhong District, Suining average yield per mus, comparison is according to " agricultural university 65 " volume increase 16.2%, and 586 kilograms of Leshan average yield per mus, comparison is according to single No. 9 volume increase 15.35% in river.

Single No. 13 disease resistances in river are strong, and the field spontaneous induction is identified: leaf blight 0-1 level, average 0.31 grade; Helminthosporium maydis 0-2 level, average 0.51 grade; Banded sclerotial blight 0-6.6%, average 4.04%; Short mosaic disease 0-1.8%

Average 0.36%; Do not find bacterial wilt and smut.

The single No. 13 general per mu yield 200-250 of the production of hybrid seeds kilograms in river.

Be described in detail implementation process of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment:

1, singly No. 13 seed selection of river: the single No. 13 fixed choosings in river in 1992, participated in the multiple spot test in 1993,1994-1995 participates in ripe group of district's examination in the flat mound of hybrid maize, Sichuan Province, provinces and regions examination in December nineteen ninety-five can decision be passed through district's examination, recommend authorization, carried out production test in 1996 and produce demonstration, and parent and generation kind have been carried out quality inspection.

2, the feature of parental inbred line 34-89: 34-89 is the improvement system of inbred line 478, and the unfavorable proterties to 478 has clear improvement.Sow in spring about 118 days of the time of infertility, 120 centimeters of plant heights, fringe is high 60 centimeters, complete stool 16.2 leaves, leaf green, tiltedly very, the tassel branch is less, the flower pesticide yellow, loose powder is good.Female Honoka silk tip pink, the fruit ear tubular, 14 centimeters of spike lengths, 12-14 is capable, thousand kernel weight 280 gram, yellow grain, osculant is hard partially, cob white, Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's helminthosporium maydis, anti-bacterial wilt is anti-ly fallen, drought-enduring, intolerant to waterlogging.34-89 also has some sisters system, 34-89 (greatly), 34-89 (in vain), 34-89 (red), 478 and the equal transformation of 34-89 cytoplasmic sterile lines such as Es, G, class, C, S are arranged.

3, the feature of parental inbred line 18-599: 18-599 is selected from U.S. crossbreed 78599, sows in spring the 126 days time of infertility, and the seedling growing way is prosperous, dark green leaf color, leaf margin, leaf sheath purple, complete stool 18.5 leaves, plant is good for shape, it is long to hold the green phase, about 200 centimeters of plant height, the high 80-90 centimetre of fringe.Tassel is flourishing, and loose powder is good, and pollen amount is many; Female Honoka silk meat yellow, the tip coccineous, reeling off raw silk from cocoons property is good, the fruit ear cartridge type, spike length 16cm, 16-18 is capable, and head progeny row is owed neatly, seed yellow, osculant, thousand kernel weight 260 grams, axle white.

The 18-599 Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College, helminthosporium maydis, head smut, short mosaic disease anti-fall, waterlogging.

250 kilograms of the general per mu yields of 18-599, high yield can reach more than 300 kilograms.

The sisters system of 18-599 has 18-5990,18-5991,18-5992,18-5995 etc., transformation that sterile cytoplasm male sterile lines such as Es, T are assorted, S are arranged.

4, the feature in single No. 13 of river: sow in spring about 123 days of the time of infertility for single No. 13 in the river, the seedling gesture is prosperous, and the leaf look dark green, become total blade 18 leaves of strain, plant height 200-220 centimetre, the high 70-80 centimetre of fringe, plant type compactness, leaf flings on the fringe, the fringe inferior lobe tiltedly endures, the blade broad, and it is long to hold the green phase, the stem stalk is tough and tensile, and lodging resistant force is strong.The male and female coordination of blooming, tassel are flourishing, surplus the branch 10, and powder amount abundance, female Honoka silk pale red, white axle, spike length 20cm, bald sharp 0.5cm, head progeny row 14-16, average 15.6, seed yellow, shallow horse flute profile, thousand kernel weight 320 grams, seed-producing rate 86%.

Artificial infection is identified: sense in the leaf blight-in anti-; Anti-in the helminthosporium maydis-sense; Anti-head-smut; High resistance to bacterial wilt, middle sense banded sclerotial blight and short mosaic disease.

5, the seeding technique main points in single No. 13 of river: the production of hybrid seeds is good with quadrature 478 (or its improvement is 34-89) * 18-599, and father and mother's one's own profession is than 1: 5-7; 70% male parent is broadcast (wherein 20% epiphragma, the 9-10 leaf is taken off film) earlier, broadcasts female parent and all the other male parents of 30% behind the existing pin; Planting density male parent 3500-3800 strain/mu, maternal 4500-5000 strain/mu notices that mid-early stage will strengthen maternal rich water quality management.The maternal banded sclerotial blight of middle and later periods control, and gather in the crops in good time.

6, the cultivation main points in single No. 13 of river: suitable multiple cropping area, flat mound, spring and summer broadcast all can, mu is planted the 3200-3500 strain.Shorter because of plant, spacing sleeve cropping will reduce the concealment time as far as possible.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of method of hybrid maize seed production is characterized in that adopting the inbred line 18-599 of U.S. crossbreed 78599 and domestic variety 478 to hybridize as the parent.