CN105248141B - A kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle - Google Patents
A kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105248141B CN105248141B CN201510818676.6A CN201510818676A CN105248141B CN 105248141 B CN105248141 B CN 105248141B CN 201510818676 A CN201510818676 A CN 201510818676A CN 105248141 B CN105248141 B CN 105248141B
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- ruckle
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 100
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000025670 Eleusine indica Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000014716 Eleusine indica Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000078127 Eleusine coracana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013499 Eleusine coracana subsp coracana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000173206 Paspalum virgatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011176 pooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004173 sunset yellow FCF Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle, at least include the following steps:Select the species of plant;Select the season of plant;Determine revegetation position;Site preparation;Plantation;Later maintenance.Superior effect of the present invention is:Using root system to fertilizer Rapid Rooting, sandstone under root, sand mixture are clenched so that vegetation adherence properties are strong, have lasting revegetation ability;The excavation and landfill of kind of plant hole change kind of plant hole in the structure of depth direction, and for the sandstone on kind plant hole surface layer as the sandstone of original ground surface, avoiding stirring in digging process causes fine particle to move up, and has the function of extremely strong soil conservation after landfill;U-shaped stone ridge protection band is set on the outside of kind of plant hole and carrys out the interim impact force reduced to vegetation in flood peak, when water-break again can retention part silt, have the function of to protect vegetation and rush silt;The local adaptability species of implantation methods selection, adaptation to local conditions is of low cost, can quickly improve the vegetation coverage in ruckle area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to revegetation and conservation technology fields, more particularly to a kind of planting side of ruckle
Method.
Background technology
Land inland water ecotone is the Riparian Zone or falling zone that scholars often say, refers to the both sides of river water and land intersection, until
Area until river water effect disappearance.Land inland water ecotone is as the transition region between terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystem
Domain, the pooling feature adjusted with water circulation, it may have the bank revetment function of protection waterfront farmland and infrastructure.Chinese Lijiang River
Basin rainy season abundant rainfall, often, high intensity high-frequency is periodically washed away so that land inland water ecotone soil is washed in a pan for rainfall
Erosion is serious, and exposed ruckle edaphic condition tends to be barren, and vegetation cover degree is extremely low, therefore, in land inland water ecotone ruckle region
Vegetation is planted, vegetation coverage is improved, it is particularly important to improve its ecological functions.Traditional vegetation implantation methods are to broadcast sowing grass-seed,
Dibbling shrub and arbor, edaphic condition use soil moved in improve the original, further have the mode for taking mima type microrelief to carry out rush silt, but few
The soil of the planting measure of emphasis soil conservation, soil moved in improve the original and siltation is often washed away by flood next time again, and short run effect can manage it,
Long-term revegetation effect but unobvious.Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of vegetation suitable under the conditions of land inland water ecotone special habitats
Method for planting can ensure the higher survival rate of vegetation and in the long run carry out revegetation.
Invention content
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle.
The implantation methods can fix the existing soil in ruckle region through the invention, improve the plantation of land inland water ecotone vegetation at
Motility rate and long-term storage rate provide reference for land inland water ecotone revegetation;It is simple and quick, it gathers materials on the spot at low cost,
It can large area implementation.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle, at least include the following steps:
The first step:Select the species of plant;
Second step:Select the season of plant;
Third walks:Determine revegetation position;
4th step:Site preparation;
5th step:Plantation;
6th step:Later maintenance.
The technical solution is preferably, and in the first step, the species of plant are using ruckle locality well developed root system, water-fast
The species flooded.
The technical solution is preferably that the species are shrubbery, herbaceous plant.
The technical solution is preferably, in second step, the season of plant in ruckle exposed dry season, and
The season taken root suitable for species.
The technical solution is preferably that in the third step, the revegetation position is land inland water ecotone ruckle
Straw cord and gravel are with intersection into the region between the 0-20m of river water direction.
The technical solution is preferably, and in the 4th step, is purged to the rubbish in the growing area of ruckle, and receive
The surface layer grain size of upper one year or last plantation are deposited in collection growing area plant residue and kind plant hole is more than the gravel of 5cm
Stone;Sandstone, the sand dug out out of kind of plant hole is stacked on the outside of kind of plant hole.
The technical solution is preferably, and in the 5th step, the sand of collection is uniformly mixed with plant residue, addition has
Machine after the fertilizers are mixed, part sand therein, plant residue, organic fertilizer mixture be uniformly layed in the bottom shape of kind of plant hole
At sand, the mixture layer of plant residue, organic fertilizer, the sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer mixture layer on the upside of
Sandstone packet is banked up, root-inducing powder will be passed through treated that species are laid in sandstone wraps, it is residual to be then laid with remaining sand, plant
The mixture of body, organic fertilizer is finally laid with the sandstone of collection to cover the mixture of sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer;With
After river-water irrigation, the gravel that grain size is 5-10cm is covered;The sandstone packet is that sandstone is packed into packaging bag, and the packaging bag is set
There is mesh, the channel of sandstone packet is entered as the root or root-like stock of plant.
Further, a diameter of 0.3m, thickness 0.2m of sandstone packet when planting shrubbery;Sandstone packet when planting herbaceous plant
A diameter of 0.2m, thickness 0.15m.
The technical solution is preferably that described kind of plant hole is inverted conical cavity, and is arranged in isosceles triangle.
Further, the top diameter of the kind plant hole of shrubbery is 0.5m, base diameter 0.4m, depth 0.4m;And it is careless
The top diameter of the kind plant hole of this plant is 0.4m, base diameter 0.3m, depth 0.3m.
The technical solution is preferably that the spacing of adjacent kind plant hole is 0.4-1m.
Further, the spacing of adjacent kind plant hole is 0.8m when planting shrubbery;Plant plantation adjacent when herbaceous plant
The spacing in cave is 0.5m.
The technical solution is preferably that sandstone is piled into U-shaped stone ridge protection band, the opening court of U-shaped stone ridge protection band
Bank is arranged;Described kind of plant hole is set in the protection band of U-shaped stone ridge.
The technical solution is preferably, the sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer the thickness of mixture layer be
0.05-0.2m。
Further, sand when planting shrubbery, plant residue, organic fertilizer the thickness of mixture layer be 0.1m;
Sand when planting herbaceous plant, plant residue, organic fertilizer the thickness of mixture layer be 0.05m.
The technical solution is preferably, and in the 6th step, when plantation will water on time, reseeds that withered, die of illness plant in time,
Appropriate fertilising, root system is firm before ensureing the arriving of wet season flood peak.
Compared with prior art, superior effect of the present invention is:
(1) using root system to fertilizer, root system Rapid Rooting clenches sandstone under root, sand mixture so that vegetation
Adherence properties are strong, are not easy to be washed away by flood, have lasting revegetation ability;
(2) excavation of kind plant hole and landfill change kind of plant hole on the structure of depth direction, kind plant hole surface layer after landfill
For sandstone as the sandstone of original ground surface, avoiding stirring in digging process causes fine particle to move up, and prevents by flood erosion, tool
There is extremely strong soil conservation function;
(3) the U-shaped stone ridge protection band being arranged on the outside of kind of plant hole comes the interim impact force reduced to vegetation, water-break in flood peak
When again can retention part silt, have the function of extremely strong protection vegetation and rush silt;
(4) the local adaptability species of implantation methods selection described in, adaptation to local conditions is gathered materials on the spot, of low cost, can quickly be carried
The vegetation coverage in high ruckle area.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the kind plant hole schematic diagram using plant cover cultivation methods of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the layout drawing that plant hole is planted described in Fig. 1.
The reference numerals are as follows:
11- sandstones packet, 12-U type stones ridge protection band, 13- eleusine indicas, 14- ruckles, 15- kind plant holes;
Direction shown in arrow is water (flow) direction in figure.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation mode invention is further described in detail.
It is big in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guilin City by using plant cover cultivation methods of the present invention as shown in attached drawing 1,2
The ancient east in country fair town selects typical land inland water ecotone to carry out the experiment and demonstration that ruckle region is transplanted;Specific steps include:
The first step:Selection eleusine indica 13 is subjects;The eleusine indica 13 is Lijiang River (and other areas) common draft,
This section of standing grain Finger-millet belongs to herbaceous plant, and 0.1-0.9 meters high, root system is extremely flourishing, and stalk is grown thickly, and stem and anthocaulus are solid, is not easy to break;It is born in famine
The ground of grassland, field side have extremely strong vitality and water resistance.In addition the razor grass with root-like stock can also be selected.
Second step:The season of plant is selected in 2-3 months, the dry season for Lijiang River (and other areas) and proper temperature,
It is suitble to the growth and development of vegetation.The annual 5-8 months are the wet season of Lijiang River, and flood peak impact force is huge, is not pricked completely in plant
It is easily ruined in the case of root.Vegetation plant will be selected in 14 exposed dry season of ruckle, and suitable for plant establishment
Season.18.8 DEG C of Guilin City's average temperature of the whole year, most cold is January, and 2 months start to get warm again after a cold spell, and endemic plant starts to revive and grow hair
Educate, and have rare heavy rain April, be easy to cause of short duration flood peak, kind of a plant species is impacted, therefore, planting with
The annual 2-3 months are advisable.
Third walks:Revegetation position is located on Lijiang River left bank (N25 ° 07 ' 08 ", E110 ° 25 ' 38 ") seashore, institute
Straw cord and gravel that revegetation position is land inland water ecotone ruckle 14 are stated with intersection to the area between the 0-20m of river water direction
In domain;The testing ground area about 5000m of the revegetation position2, dry season gravel bare area about 2000m2, ruckle 14
Region is exposed serious, is badly in need of revegetation.
4th step:The ruckle 14 to be restored is cleared up, rubbish in 14 region of ruckle is removed;It collects in growing area
The surface layer grain size of plant residue and kind plant hole that last time deposits is more than the gravel of 5cm, is 0.4m, bottom according to top diameter
The a diameter of 0.3m in portion, the specification that depth is 0.3m dig inverted conical kind plant hole 15.15 earth's surface of plant hole will be planted to 0.2m on the downside of earth's surface
The sandstone of depth, the sand of earth's surface downside 0.2-0.3m depth are dug out, and are separately stacked in 15 outside of kind of plant hole.
5th step:The sand that kind of plant hole 15 is dug out is mixed with plant residue, while organic fertilizer is added, part therein
Sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer mixture be uniformly layed in the bottom of kind of plant hole 15 and form sand, plant residue, organic
The mixture layer of fertilizer, the sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer mixture layer thickness be 0.05m.The sand,
Plant residue, organic fertilizer mixture layer on the upside of bank up thickness be 0.15m, a diameter of 0.2m sandstone packet 11, will pass through life
Treated that species are laid on sandstone packet 11 for root powder, is then laid with the mixing of remaining sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer
Object is finally laid with the sandstone of collection to cover the mixture of sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer.After river-water irrigation, grain is covered
Diameter is the gravel of 5-10cm.The sandstone packet 11 is that sandstone is packed into packaging bag, and the packaging bag is equipped with mesh, as plant
Root or root-like stock enter the channel of sandstone packet.Further, the spacing of adjacent kind plant hole 15 is 0.5m;Described kind of plant hole 15
It is arranged in isosceles triangle.In the present embodiment, the sandstone dug out is piled into U-shaped stone ridge protection band 12, and U-shaped stone ridge protection band 12 is opened
Mouth is arranged towards bank;Described kind of plant hole 15 is set in U-shaped stone ridge protection band 12.The opening of U-shaped stone ridge protection band 12 shoreward
Side is arranged, and can reduce the impact that river water rises to vegetation, and when water-break can intercept part silt, and then reach soil conservation and promote the effect become silted up
Fruit.Further, the grain size of the sandstone of the U-shaped stone ridge protection band 12 is more than 10cm.
6th step:In week age after plant, when arid in the morning 6 up to 10 when or pour in the afternoon 15 when 18
Water, until thick grass grows young leaves.Irrigation times are reduced after growing young leaves, while reseeding that withered, die of illness plant in time, it is appropriate to apply fertilizer,
Root system is firm before ensureing the arriving of wet season flood peak.
In addition, to test the test effect of implantation methods of the present invention, in the other side of ruckle 14 using traditional
Method plants eleusine indica 13, excavates cylindrical kind plant hole 15, and according to a diameter of 0.4m, the specification that depth is 0.3m is excavated, strain
Line-spacing is 0.5m × 0.5m, is distributed in isosceles triangle, will eleusine indica 13 vertically in implantation kind of plant hole 15, cover the gravel digged up,
Sandstone, sand are safeguarded with test group using identical method.
Through control, after 6 floods in plant month in the same year 5-8, the vegetation that the other side is planted on ruckle 14 is whole
It is submerged, good, normal growth hair is preserved using 35 clumps in 42 clumps of eleusine indicas 13 of test group of implantation methods of the present invention
It educates, storage rate 83%.And 45 clumps of the eleusine indica 13 in control group are flushed away 18 clumps after meeting with flood, are rushed by river water and wash in a pan dew
Go out 13 plants of root system, storage rate is only 31%.Separately by test group plant random sampling 3 clumps, the root of eleusine indica 13 is complete by sandstone
Portion encases, and fibrous root is in length and breadth in sandstone packet 11, as shown in Figure 1, showing that method using the present invention has good solid soil and vegetation
Recovery effects.
Present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, without departing from the essence of the present invention, this field skill
Any deformation, improvement, the replacement that art personnel are contemplated that each fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle, which is characterized in that at least include the following steps:
The first step:The species of plant are selected, the species of plant are using ruckle locality well developed root system, the species of resistance to water logging;
Second step:The season of plant is selected, the season of plant is suitable for what species were taken root in ruckle exposed dry season
Season;
Third walks:Determine that revegetation position, the revegetation position are the straw cord and gravel band of land inland water ecotone ruckle
Intersection is into the region between the 0-20m of river water direction;
4th step:Site preparation is purged the rubbish in the growing area of ruckle, and collects upper one year or last time in growing area
Gravel of the surface layer grain size more than 5cm planted the plant residue to deposit and plant plant hole;Sandstone, the sand dug out out of kind of plant hole
Mound is placed on the outside of kind of plant hole;
5th step:Plantation, the sand of collection is uniformly mixed with plant residue, after organic fertilizer mixing is added, part therein
Sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer mixture be uniformly layed in kind of plant hole bottom formed sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer
The mixture layer of material, the sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer mixture layer on the upside of bank up sandstone packet, will through taking root
Treated that species are laid in sandstone wraps for powder, is then laid with the mixture of remaining sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer, most
It is laid with the sandstone of collection afterwards to cover the mixture of sand, plant residue, organic fertilizer;After river-water irrigation, covering grain size is
The gravel of 5-10cm;The sandstone packet is that sandstone is packed into packaging bag, and the packaging bag is equipped with mesh;
6th step:Later maintenance, when plantation, will water, and reseed withered plant and the plant that dies of illness, and apply fertilizer, and consolidate wet season flood peak and come
Face preceding root system.
2. a kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described kind of plant hole is rounding
Cone-shaped cavity, and arranged in isosceles triangle.
3. a kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between adjacent kind plant hole
Away from for 0.4-1m.
4. a kind of plant cover cultivation methods of ruckle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be piled into sandstone U-shaped
The opening of stone ridge protection band, U-shaped stone ridge protection band is arranged towards bank;Described kind of plant hole is set in the protection band of U-shaped stone ridge.
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CN102888826A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-23 | 重庆丹海实业有限公司 | Hydro-fluctuation belt side slope ecological management method based on ecological bag |
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