CN104509411A - Method for planting plant at terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of river bank - Google Patents
Method for planting plant at terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of river bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN104509411A CN104509411A CN201410838272.9A CN201410838272A CN104509411A CN 104509411 A CN104509411 A CN 104509411A CN 201410838272 A CN201410838272 A CN 201410838272A CN 104509411 A CN104509411 A CN 104509411A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of river bank vegetation recovery, in particular to a method for planting plant at a terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of a river bank. The method for planting the plant at the terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of the river bank includes that selecting shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant from March to April at each year; flatting a planting land in a gravel bank land of the terrestrial-aquatic transverse zone of the river bank, wherein the distance between the gravel bank land and the normal water level of the river bank at the dry season is 20 to 200 meters, and the planting region comprises a banded herbaceous plant planting sub-region, a shrub planting sub-region and an arbor planting sub-region parallel to the flow direction of the river water and arrayed in sequence from the river center to the banks; setting planting cavities which are arrayed in Chinese character Pin-shaped in the planting region; obliquely planting the shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant in the planting cavities, wherein the oblique direction is the same with the water flow direction; refilling the excavated sand soil, using a large gravel to cover the surface layer, using gravels to retain at the four sides, using an iron wire net to cover the gravel surfaces and fixing on the river shoal, and watering the plant; watering till the shrub and arbor shoot buds, and reducing the watering times after shooting buds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to riverbank revegetation and greening technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method at riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants.
Background technology
In prior art, land inland water ecotone refers to the boundary zone between the inland water ecosystem and terrestrial ecosystem, and be the ecotone between river and highland vegetation, have obvious edge effect, it is a kind of relatively special land resources.Land inland water ecotone is subject to periodically exposed and water logging, water body washes away more serious, cause a large amount of water and soil loss, the soil body near water body is washed in a pan by a large amount of punching, present exposed gravel seashore, affect the landscape effect of water system, therefore in land inland water ecotone, plant vegetation, improve land inland water ecotone vegetation coverage and seem particularly important.And traditional vegetation implantation methods broadcasts sowing grass-seed, dibbling shrub and dungarunga, vegetation vertical plant is in all plant holes 3.Due to the particularity in land inland water ecotone geographical position, the thinner grass-seed emergence rate broadcasted sowing of soil layer is lower, the shrub of dibbling and dungarunga add the less phenomenon very easily occurring lodging after flood period of soil in the impact that the water logging phase is subject to current, or by self interception river drifting substances bend, even fracture, had a strong impact on the effect made scape and conserve water and soil of vegetation, application is limited to.Therefore, be badly in need of a kind of vegetation method for planting be applicable under land inland water ecotone special environment condition, survival rate and the storage rate of vegetation can be improved, do not affect again the flood discharge capacity in river.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome defect of the prior art, a kind of method at riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants provided by the invention, be applicable to the plant cover cultivation methods under land inland water ecotone particular surroundings, its cost is low, can large area implement.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method at riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, and described method comprises:
Step 1): choose the floristics that will plant and comprise shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant;
Step 2): plant described in Season select of planting is applicable to the season grown;
Step 3): planting site is the gravel beach of riverbank or riverbank land inland water ecotone, in the region of the planting site in described gravel beach between the normal water level 20m ~ 200m in distance riverbank dry season;
Step 4): carry out smooth to described gravel beach, comprising:
Rubbish in described gravel beach is removed;
Remove the bulk gravel of described ruckle surface layer;
Step 5): arrange growing area, described growing area comprises and to flow to river that parallel and that the effluent heart is arranged in order to direction, two sides banded herbaceous plant plants subregion, shrub plants subregion and arbor plants subregion;
Step 6): in described growing area, arrange kind of a plant hole, described kind of plant hole is isosceles triangle arrangement;
Step 7): described shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant tilt to plant in kind of plant hole, and incline direction is identical with flow direction;
Step 8): the sand grains soil of described backfill excavation, the large gravel gland in top layer, surrounding gravel enclosing, and be fixed on river shoal after gravel surface wire netting covers, water first time water to described shrub sapling;
Step 9): described shrub of planting, arbor and in one month initial stage of herbaceous plant, every morning 6 is up to 10 time or water up to 18 time afternoon 15, until described shrub, arbor are sprouted, reduces irrigation times after sprouting.
Further, described shrub is throatroot, Yi Ye bush clover and five-leaved chaste tree, and described arbor is Chinese ash, Chinese tallow tree, cloudy fragrant, filial bamboo, fragrant camphor tree and cassia tree, and described herbaceous plant is Bermuda grass, water pepper, wrinkle leaf green foxtail and sedge.
Further, described kind of plant hole comprises Shrub Species plant hole, arbor kind plant hole and draft kind plant hole, described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole are the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.5m × h0.5m, herbaceous plant is the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.3m × h0.5m, and the direction that triangular pyramidal tilts is identical with flow direction.
Further, the line-spacing of described Shrub Species plant hole and spacing in the rows are 1.5 meters, and line-spacing and the spacing in the rows of described arbor kind plant hole are 2 meters, the line-spacing of described draft kind plant hole and spacing in the rows 0.5 meter.
Further, described kind of plant hole is according to positive triangle disposition and the arranged adjacent of falling triangle disposition.
Further, the degree of depth of described kind of plant hole is 0.5 meter.
Further, described shrub and arbor are through root-inducing powder process.
Further, described kind of plant hole bottom discharges fertilizer, and in described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole, fertilizing amount is 200g/, and in described herbaceous plant kind plant hole, fertilizing amount is 10g/.
Compared with prior art, superior effect is method at riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants of the present invention: the present invention can improve survival rate and the storage rate of the plantation of land inland water ecotone vegetation, for land inland water ecotone revegetation provides more multi-method.Method simple and fast provided by the invention, the enforcement of energy large area and cost are low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be of the present invention in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants shrub or arbor be planted in the schematic diagram of kind of plant hole;
Fig. 2 be of the present invention in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants draft planting at the schematic diagram of kind of plant hole;
Fig. 3 of the present inventionly plants subregion distribution schematic diagram in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants.
Reference numeral is as follows:
1-shrub or arbor, 2-gravel enclosing, 3-kind plant hole, 4-gravel, 5-gravel beach, 6-current, 7-herbaceous plant, 8-herbaceous plant plantation subregion, 9-shrub plant plantation subregion, 10-magaphanerophytes plantation subregion.
In figure, the direction of arrow is the flow direction of river current.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.
As Figure 1-3, illustrate the present invention, a kind of method at riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants provided by the invention, described method comprises:
Step 1): selection of time of planting in Lijiang valley annual March to April;
Step 2): choosing the floristics that will plant is local plant species, and described floristics comprises shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant;
Step 3): planting site is the gravel beach 5 of riverbank land inland water ecotone, in the region of the planting site in described gravel beach 5 between the normal water level 20m ~ 200m in distance Lijiang River dry season;
Step 4): carry out smooth to described gravel beach 5, comprising:
Rubbish in described gravel beach 5 is removed;
Remove the bulk gravel on described gravel beach 5 top layer;
Step 5): arrange growing area, described growing area comprises and to flow to river that parallel and that the effluent heart is arranged in order to direction, two sides banded herbaceous plant plants subregion 8, shrub plants subregion 9 and arbor plants subregion 10;
Step 6): kind of plant hole 3 is set in described growing area, described kind of plant hole 3 arrangement in isosceles triangle;
Step 7): described shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant inclination 7 are planted in kind of plant hole 3, and incline direction flows to identical with current 6;
Step 8): the sand grains soil of described backfill excavation, the large gravel gland in top layer, surrounding gravel enclosing 2, and be fixed on river shoal after gravel 4 surface wire netting covers, water first time water to described planting plants;
Step 9): described shrub of planting, arbor and in one month initial stage of herbaceous plant, every morning 6 is up to 10 time or water up to 18 time afternoon 15, until described shrub, arbor are sprouted, reduces irrigation times after sprouting.
In the present embodiment, described shrub is throatroot, Yi Ye bush clover and five-leaved chaste tree, and described arbor is Chinese ash, Chinese tallow tree, cloudy fragrant, filial bamboo, fragrant camphor tree and cassia tree, and described herbaceous plant is Bermuda grass, water pepper, wrinkle leaf green foxtail and sedge.Described kind of plant hole comprises Shrub Species plant hole, arbor kind plant hole and draft kind plant hole, described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole are the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.5m × h0.5m, herbaceous plant is the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.3m × h0.5m, and the direction that triangular pyramidal tilts is identical with flow direction.The line-spacing of described Shrub Species plant hole and spacing in the rows are 1.5 meters, and line-spacing and the spacing in the rows of described arbor kind plant hole are 2 meters, the line-spacing of described draft kind plant hole and spacing in the rows 0.5 meter.Described kind of plant hole is according to positive triangle disposition and the arranged adjacent of falling triangle disposition.The degree of depth of described kind of plant hole is 0.5 meter.The sapling of described shrub and arbor is through root-inducing powder process.Described kind of plant hole bottom discharges fertilizer, and in described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole, fertilizing amount is 200g/, and in described herbaceous plant kind plant hole, fertilizing amount is 10g/.Plant plant hole and adopt taper excavation, compared with excavating with the rectangle of transmission, decrease the disturbance to soil, destructive little; Plant adopts tiltedly plantation to plant, and alleviates the flood passage pressure of River, reduces the impact of current; Utilize and tiltedly plant the method for planting, the river drifting substances of vegetation self interception can be reduced, prevent because of overload by the phenomenon fractureed, thus improve the storage rate of land inland water ecotone vegetation.Gather materials on the spot, suit measures to local conditions, land inland water ecotone vegetation coverage can be improved.
The method that the present embodiment provides, concrete operations are as described below, as shown in Figure 1, the kind plant hole 3 of this method adopts taper to excavate, sapling 1 is tiltedly planted in kind of plant hole 3, tiltedly plants direction and flows to identical with river, plant the particle comparatively good soil of quality backfilling in plant hole 3 and excavate out, plant the larger gravel gland in plant hole 3 top layer, and plant hole 3 enclosing will be planted with bulk gravel.
As shown in Figure 2, plant the distribution of plant hole 3 position, plant plant hole 3 and be mainly distributed on the ruckle of distance river 20-50m, distribute in isosceles triangle.
At Lijiang River, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region bank, the method selecting typical land inland water ecotone to carry out vegetation tiltedly to plant.Its key step is: plant season, and the season of revegetation is selected in annual 3-4 month, be the dry season of Lijiang River, and proper temperature is applicable to growing of vegetation; Selection in plant, draft Plant choosing sedge (Carex tristachya) in the present embodiment, sedge is that limit, Lijiang River distributes more herbaceous plant, requires not tight to soil, the stony soil that matrix is thicker also can grow, be therefore suitable at Lijiang River ruckle aerial.Shrub selects throatroot (Adina rubella Hance) to be object, throatroot is the common shrub species in drench river, for Rubiaceae Adina machaka, high 1-3 rice, leaf is to life, ovum shape lanceolar or ovum shape ellipse, stem is cylindrical, has branch, matter not frangibility firmly, branch hangs down loosely, resistance to water logging; Dungarunga selects Chinese ash (Pterocarya stenoptera) treelet, highly about 1.5m, base footpath is about 35mm, Chinese ash belongs to deciduous tree, treelet bark is level and smooth, light grey, then dark lobe time old, sprig grey to crineous, TN, TP and COD content in reservoir falling zone sewage of can effectively degrading.On the seashore that the selection of planting area, tiltedly plants testing of embodiment and be a little positioned at left bank, Lijiang River at N25 ° 07 ' 00 ", E110 ° 25 ' 57 ".This embodiment ground cultivated area is about 5000m
2, dry season, gravel bare area was about 2000m
2, dry season rock is exposed in a large number, has a strong impact on drench river landscape effect, and flood period, the impact of water wave caused a large amount of water and soil loss, is badly in need of carrying out revegetation; , the ruckle for recovering being cleared up wholely, removing rubbish in beach.Planting plant hole 3 seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 1.5m, the larger gravel on plantation point top layer will be removed, planting plant hole 3 adopts taper to excavate, specification is the vertical pyrometric cone of d0.5m × h0.5m, the direction that pyrometric cone tilts is identical with flow direction, the arrangement in isosceles triangle of plantation point, places side by lower floor's sand grains soil of excavation; Plantation, tilt to plant in kind of plant hole by sedge, throatroot, Chinese ash, in sedge kind plant hole, fertilizing amount is about 10g, and throatroot, Chinese ash tilt to plant in kind of plant hole 3, organic fertilizer 200g in kind of plant hole 3, the sand grains soil of backfill excavation.The large gravel gland in top layer, surrounding gravel enclosing, and gravel surface with zinc-plated wire netting cover after be fixed on river shoal, after water; Regular maintenance, in one month initial stage after planting, when arid, the morning 6 up to 10 time or water, until nursery stock is sprouted up to 18 time afternoon 15.The frequency of watering is reduced after sprouting.
Contrast on effect of the present invention, traditional method for planting plantation sedge is adopted at the opposite side of ruckle, throatroot, Chinese ash, herbaceous plant kind plant hole adopts rectangle excavation specification to be 0.3m × 0.3m × 0.5m, planting plant hole seeding row spacing is 0.5 × 0.5m, plant about 3-4 capable, the kind plant hole of shrub and dungarunga adopts rectangle excavation specification to be 0.5m × 0.5m × 0.5m, wherein Shrub Species plant hole seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 1.5m, plant about 4-5 capable, dungarunga kind plant hole seeding row spacing is 2 × 2m, about 2-3 is capable, distribute in isosceles triangle, to plant parallel distribution with grass of filling with tall in experimental group, by sedge, throatroot, Chinese ash is vertically implanted in plantation cave, identical method is adopted to safeguard with experimental group., plant plant hole 3 and adopt rectangle excavation specification to be 0.5m × 0.5m × 0.5m, seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 1.5m, and isosceles triangle distributes, and is vertically implanted by throatroot in plantation cave 3, adopts identical method to safeguard with embodiment group.After 5 floods in 5-6 month, the vegetation that ruckle is planted all is submerged, and in the group of embodiment, the throatroot of 80% is preserved good, and normal growth is grown, and there is no breakage phenomenon.And throatroot 50% in control group is flushed away after experience flood, 20% exceedes self load by the suspension of river drifting substances is fractureed, and storage rate is only 30%.Taken out compared with control group by embodiment group throatroot root system in addition, the increasing degree of root system there is no significant difference, shows to adopt the method for tiltedly planting not affect the normal growth of root system.
Invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and when not deviating from flesh and blood of the present invention, any distortion that it may occur to persons skilled in the art that, improvement, replacement all fall into scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. in a method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Step 1): the floristics choosing plantation comprises shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant;
Step 2): plant described in Season select of planting is applicable to the season grown;
Step 3): planting site is the gravel beach of riverbank land inland water ecotone, in the region of the planting site in described gravel beach between the normal water level 20m ~ 200m in distance riverbank dry season;
Step 4): carry out smooth to described gravel beach, comprising:
Rubbish in described gravel beach is removed;
Remove the bulk gravel of described ruckle surface layer;
Step 5): arrange growing area, described growing area comprises and to flow to river that parallel and that the effluent heart is arranged in order to direction, two sides banded herbaceous plant plants subregion, shrub plants subregion and arbor plants subregion;
Step 6): in described growing area, arrange kind of a plant hole, described kind of plant hole is isosceles triangle arrangement;
Step 7): described shrub, arbor and herbaceous plant tilt to plant in kind of plant hole, and incline direction is identical with flow direction;
Step 8): the sand grains soil of backfill excavation, the large gravel gland in top layer, surrounding gravel enclosing, and be fixed on river shoal after gravel surface wire netting covers, water first time water to the plant of described plantation;
Step 9): described shrub of planting, arbor and in one month initial stage of herbaceous plant, every morning 6 is up to 10 time or water up to 18 time afternoon 15, until described shrub, arbor are sprouted, reduces irrigation times after sprouting.
2. according to claim 1 in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, described shrub is throatroot, Yi Ye bush clover and five-leaved chaste tree, described arbor is Chinese ash, Chinese tallow tree, cloudy fragrant, filial bamboo, fragrant camphor tree and cassia tree, and described herbaceous plant is Bermuda grass, water pepper, wrinkle leaf green foxtail and sedge.
3. according to claim 1 in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, described kind of plant hole comprises Shrub Species plant hole, arbor kind plant hole and draft kind plant hole, described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole are the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.5m × h0.5m, herbaceous plant is the vertical triangular pyramidal of d0.3m × h0.5m, and the direction that triangular pyramidal tilts is identical with flow direction.
4. according to claim 3 in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, the line-spacing of described Shrub Species plant hole and spacing in the rows are 1.5 meters, and line-spacing and the spacing in the rows of described arbor kind plant hole are 2 meters, the line-spacing of described draft kind plant hole and spacing in the rows 0.5 meter.
5. according to claim 4 in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, described kind of plant hole is according to positive triangle disposition and the arranged adjacent of falling triangle disposition.
6. according to claim 1 in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described kind of plant hole is 0.5 meter.
7. according to claim 1 in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, described shrub and arbor are through root-inducing powder process.
8. according to claim 3 in the method for riverbank land inland water ecotone planting plants, it is characterized in that, described kind of plant hole bottom discharges fertilizer, and in described Shrub Species plant hole and arbor kind plant hole, fertilizing amount is 200g/, and in described herbaceous plant kind plant hole, fertilizing amount is 10g/.
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| CN105248141A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-01-20 | 北京林业大学 | Plant planting method for boulder beach |
| CN105248246A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Optimization method for protective coast-forest belt canopy structure |
| CN105519332A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-27 | 北京林业大学 | Method for rapid greening of exposed beach land of land-and-water ecotone |
| CN105706821A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 淳安县新安江开发总公司 | Reservoir bank hydro-fluctuation belt terraced tree planting method |
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Cited By (16)
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| CN105248246A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Optimization method for protective coast-forest belt canopy structure |
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| CN105248141A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-01-20 | 北京林业大学 | Plant planting method for boulder beach |
| CN105519332A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-27 | 北京林业大学 | Method for rapid greening of exposed beach land of land-and-water ecotone |
| CN105706821A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 淳安县新安江开发总公司 | Reservoir bank hydro-fluctuation belt terraced tree planting method |
| CN105706821B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2018-09-21 | 淳安县新安江开发总公司 | A kind of library bank falling zone step tree-planting method |
| CN107347426A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-17 | 重庆市风景园林科学研究院 | A kind of falling zone barricade area vegetation implantation methods |
| CN107711257A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-23 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | A kind of construction method of river bank flood control vegetation |
| CN109892133A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-18 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of ecological restoring method hanging silt ecology bag in riverbank land inland water ecotone and being carried out using ecology bag |
| CN109892133B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2023-12-01 | 北京林业大学 | Ecological bag for hanging silts on river bank and land staggered zone and ecological restoration method using ecological bag |
| CN111296160A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-19 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Method for rapidly planting trees in front edge area for repairing vegetation on windward slope of island |
| CN111296160B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-10-22 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Method for rapidly planting trees in front edge area for repairing vegetation on windward slope of island |
| CN114747433A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-15 | 上海海洋大学 | Multifunctional blue-green revetment construction method |
| CN117016305A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-11-10 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | Vegetation restoration method and device for seedling planting with cave-type structure |
| CN117016305B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-03-19 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | Vegetation restoration method and device for seedling planting with cave-type structure |
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