CN105123167B - A kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead - Google Patents

A kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead Download PDF

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CN105123167B
CN105123167B CN201510426840.9A CN201510426840A CN105123167B CN 105123167 B CN105123167 B CN 105123167B CN 201510426840 A CN201510426840 A CN 201510426840A CN 105123167 B CN105123167 B CN 105123167B
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rape
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seed
double
ripe
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CN105123167A (en
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刘志文
王英
于放
金朝霞
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead, belong to agricultural plantation technology field, methods described comprises the following steps:A, the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes of spring sowing:A.1, before the First Year winter site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil;A.2, in mid-March next year earth's surface thaw the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds of 5~7cm sowings;A.3, field management;A.4, gathered in when rape Fruit pod 80% turns yellow or when top particles enter milk stage;B, ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead during summer sowing pair is low:B.1, step a sow in spring site preparation after double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes harvestings, apply fertilizer to the subsoil;B.2 ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed during, sowing pair is low in late June next year;B.3, field management;B.4, gathered in when rape Fruit pod 80% turns yellow or when top particles enter milk stage, the present invention has the beneficial effect that the planting patterns for making to be harvested for one time each year is changed into yielding two crops a year.

Description

A kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead, belong to agricultural planting skill Art field.
Background technology
Rape is the oil crops planted extensively in the world, and the oil crops that China is traditional, there is provided vegetable oil about Account for China's edible vegetable oil 60% or so.Rape is divided into two big producing region of south winter rape and northern spring rape, wherein, northern spring oil Dish planting range more limits to, and mainly in northeast and the Northwest, accounts for the 10% of the national rape gross area, yield only accounts for the whole nation 7~8%.Wherein so that sow in spring and reap in autumn, type area is maximum, accounts for the 80% of spring rape area.Spring rape is one crop per annual, For kind mainly based on turnip type rape rape, plant is short and small, and unit yield is relatively low, and yield stability is poor, and productive potentialities are small.
The content of the invention
The present invention by will after double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes harvests multiple cropping it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead, make 1 year One ripe planting patterns is changed into yielding two crops a year, and improves soil harvest index, makes full use of the effective accumulated temperature of solar energy, also effectively protects Protect farmland ecological environment and improve soil physical chemistry structure.
The invention provides a kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead, methods described includes Following steps:
A, the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes of spring sowing:
A.1, before the First Year winter site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil;
A.2, in mid-March next year earth's surface thaw the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds of 5~7cm sowings;
A.3, field management;
A.4, gathered in when rape Fruit pod 80% turns yellow or when top particles enter milk stage;
B, ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead during summer sowing pair is low:
B.1, step a sow in spring site preparation after double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes harvestings, apply fertilizer to the subsoil;
B.2 ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed during, sowing pair is low in late June next year;
B.3, field management;
B.4, gathered in when rape Fruit pod 80% turns yellow or when top particles enter milk stage.
A.1, step of the present invention is preferably the deep ploughing removing root stubble after First Year autumn harvest, 20~25cm of tilling depth, uses sufficient bottom Fertilizer, wet moisture in the soil are survived the winter, and are turned in next year early March is shallow, site preparation soil moisture conservation.
Step of the present invention be a.2 preferably in mid-March next year earth's surface thaw the double low early maturing cabbage types of 5~7cm sowings Spring rape seed, the breeding time of double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds is 90~100 days, 2~4cm of depth of planting, sowing row Away from 20~30cm, 0.15~0.25kg of the mu amount of broadcasting, every mu with kind of an application 4~6kg of urea, with kind of a suppression soil moisture conservation, double low morning 2~3d's ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed basks seeds 18~24h, then the rape tailored version Furadan seed coat agent with 2~4% prior to seeding Seed dressing, be advantageous to prevent and treat seedling stage diseases and pests.
Double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds of the present invention are preferably that content of erucic acid is less than 1wt%, and sulphur resources are low In 20 μm of ol/g, oil content is 44~47wt%.
A.3, step of the present invention is preferably final singling, water and fertilizer management, puts honeybee, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Step of the present invention a.3 in final singling be preferably to pull out weak seedling, sick seedling and hybrid strain in 2~3 leaf periods, 4 Final singling during~5 leaf periods, spacing in the rows are 2 cun of individual plants or 4 cun of duplicate rows individual plants, while are filled the gaps with seedlings to the seedling of mu strain 3.5~4.5 ten thousand, fixed After seedling carries out cultivation and banking early.
Step of the present invention a.3 in water and fertilizer management be preferably to be watered according to rainfall and soil moisture content, keep soil to contain Water is 70~80%, is mainly respectively irrigated once in elongation, florescence, Rape pod development phase, is advantageous to improve vegetable seed mass of 1000 kernel And oil content;Thinning intertillage chases after seed manure during 3~5 leaf periods, and seed manure dosage accounts for 30~40%, the Shi Leitai fertilizer of top dressing total amount, Flower bud tongue fertilizer dosage accounts for the 30~40% of top dressing total amount, applies fertilizers for potted flowers, and fertilizers for potted flowers dosage accounts for the 20~30% of top dressing total amount, is advantageous to increase Bloom and the number that bears pods, improve mass of 1000 kernel;It is that 0.1~0.2wt% boraxs or boric acid exist respectively with concentration in addition, can also apply boron fertilizer Seedling stage and BOITING STAGE are sprayed on blade face, are advantageous to improve mass of 1000 kernel.
Step of the present invention be b.2 preferably in the sowing of late June next year it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed, it is double low In breeding time of ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed be 105~115 days, 2~4cm of depth of planting, sow 20~30cm of line-spacing, mu broadcasts Measure 0.15~0.25kg, every mu with kind applying a 4~6kg of urea, moisture creating of pouring water, it is described it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed exist 2~3d basks seeds 12~18h before sowing, then is dressed seed with 2~4% rape tailored version Furadan seed coat agent, is advantageous to prevent and treat seedling stage Pest and disease damage.
It is of the present invention it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed be preferably that content of erucic acid is less than 1wt%, sulphur resources are low In 20 μm of ol/g, oil content is 44~47wt%.
B.3, step of the present invention is preferably final singling, water and fertilizer management, puts honeybee, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Step of the present invention b.3 in final singling be preferably to pull out weak seedling, sick seedling and hybrid strain in 2~3 leaf periods, 4 Final singling during~5 leaf periods, spacing in the rows are 2 cun of individual plants or 4 cun of duplicate rows individual plants, while are filled the gaps with seedlings to the seedling of mu strain 3~40,000, after final singling Carry out cultivation and banking early.
Step of the present invention b.3 in water and fertilizer management be preferably to be watered according to rainfall and soil moisture content, keep soil to contain Water is 70~80%, is mainly respectively irrigated once in elongation, florescence, Rape pod development phase, is advantageous to improve vegetable seed mass of 1000 kernel And oil content;Thinning intertillage chases after seed manure during 3~5 leaf periods, and seed manure dosage accounts for 30~40%, the Shi Leitai fertilizer of top dressing total amount, Flower bud tongue fertilizer dosage accounts for the 30~40% of top dressing total amount, applies fertilizers for potted flowers, and fertilizers for potted flowers dosage accounts for the 20~30% of top dressing total amount, is advantageous to increase Bloom and the number that bears pods, improve mass of 1000 kernel;It is that 0.1~0.2wt% boraxs or boric acid exist respectively with concentration in addition, can also apply boron fertilizer Seedling stage and BOITING STAGE are sprayed on blade face, are advantageous to improve mass of 1000 kernel.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
Ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead during multiple cropping pair is low after 1. the present invention harvests double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes, makes 1 year one Ripe planting patterns is changed into yielding two crops a year, and improves soil harvest index, makes full use of the effective accumulated temperature of solar energy, also effectively protection Farmland ecological environment and improve soil physical chemistry structure;
The rape florescence of ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead during double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes and summer sowing pair are low 2. the present invention sows in spring Each more than one month, there is Development of Ecotourism.
Embodiment
Following non-limiting examples can make one of ordinary skill in the art be more fully understood the present invention, but not with Any mode limits the present invention.
Following double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds are purchased from Qinghai Hu Feng agricultural science and technologys Group Co., Ltd;Its erucic acid contains It is 18.6 μm of ol/g, oil content 44.39wt% to measure as 0.5wt%, sulphur resources, and breeding time is 92 days;
It is following it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed be purchased from Gansu Fu Rui agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd;Its content of erucic acid is 0.3wt%, sulphur resources are 16.4 μm of ol/g, oil content 45.12wt%, and breeding time is 111 days.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead, methods described comprise the following steps:
A, the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes of spring sowing:
A.1, on October 20th, 2013, root stubble was removed in deep ploughing, and machine turns over deep 25cm, and every mu uses sufficient base fertilizer:Farm manure 2500kg, potassium sulfate 12kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 12kg, calcium phosphate 6kg and borax 1kg, wet moisture in the soil are survived the winter, and on March 5th, 2014 is shallow to be turned over, Site preparation preserves soil moisture;
A.2, on March 12nd, 2014 basks seeds double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds 16h, then special with 3% rape Type Furadan seed coat agent is dressed seed;On March 15th, 2014, earth's surface was thawed 6cm, with the row such as 2BFQ-6C type Combined rape precision direct seeders Away from the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds of sowing, depth of planting 3cm, line-spacing 25cm is sowed, the mu amount of broadcasting 0.2kg, every mu with kind Urea 5kg is applied, is preserved soil moisture with kind of a suppression;
A.3, final singling:Pull out weak seedling, sick seedling and hybrid strain in 2~3 leaf periods, final singling during 4~5 leaf periods, spacing in the rows For 2 cun of individual plants, while fill the gaps with seedlings to the seedling of mu strain 40,000, cultivation and banking early is carried out after final singling;
Water and fertilizer management:Watered according to rainfall and soil moisture content, keep soil moisture content 70%, mainly in elongation, bloom Phase, Rape pod development phase respectively irrigate once;Thinning intertillage chases after seed manure during 3~5 leaf periods, and seed manure dosage accounts for top dressing total amount 30%, Shi Leitai fertilizer, flower bud tongue fertilizer dosage account for the 40% of top dressing total amount, apply fertilizers for potted flowers, and fertilizers for potted flowers dosage accounts for the 30% of top dressing total amount, additionally Boron fertilizer is applied, is that 0.15wt% boraxs are sprayed on blade face in seedling stage and BOITING STAGE respectively with concentration.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:On May 1st, 2014 and May 30 are eliminated aphis with 800 times of Rogor reagent sprays are anti-respectively;
Put honeybee:On May 10th, 2014, every 6 mu of rapes put one case honeybee in a suitable place to breed;
A.4, rape Fruit pod on June 15th, 2,014 80% turns yellow, and in the morning or shady and cool weather gathers in, and dries 6d, threshing, removes Miscellaneous, drying obtains average yield per mu 180kg, highest per mu yield 230kg, mass of 1000 kernel 2.8g;
B, ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead during summer sowing pair is low:
B.1, on June 16th, 2014 turns over, and every mu uses sufficient base fertilizer:Farm manure 2500kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10kg, calcium phosphate 20kg;
B.2, on June 18th, 2014 by it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed bask seeds 12h, it is then special with 3% rape Type Furadan seed coat agent is dressed seed;On June 21st, 2014 with the line-spacings such as 2BFQ-6C type Combined rape precision direct seeders sow it is double it is low in Ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed, depth of planting 2cm sow line-spacing 30cm, the mu amount of broadcasting 0.2kg, every mu with kind applying a urea 5kg, After planting pour water in time moisture creating.
B.3 weak seedling, sick seedling and hybrid strain, are pulled out in 2~3 leaf periods, final singling during 4~5 leaf periods, spacing in the rows is 2 cun Individual plant, while fill the gaps with seedlings to the seedling of mu strain 3.5 ten thousand, cultivation and banking early is carried out after final singling;
Water and fertilizer management:Watered according to rainfall and soil moisture content, it is 70% to keep soil moisture content, mainly in elongation, open Florescence, Rape pod development phase respectively irrigate once;Thinning intertillage chases after seed manure during 3~5 leaf periods, and seed manure dosage accounts for top dressing total amount 30%, Shi Leitai fertilizer, flower bud tongue fertilizer dosage account for the 40% of top dressing total amount, apply fertilizers for potted flowers, and fertilizers for potted flowers dosage accounts for the 30% of top dressing total amount, additionally Boron fertilizer is applied, is that 0.15wt% boraxs are sprayed on blade face in seedling stage and BOITING STAGE respectively with concentration;
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:August in 2014 15 days and September in 2014 are eliminated aphis with 800 times of Rogor reagent sprays are anti-on the 15th;
Put honeybee:The every 5 mu of rapes on the 20th of August in 2014 put one case honeybee in a suitable place to breed;
B.4, rape Fruit pod on October 10th, 2,014 80% turns yellow, and in the morning or shady and cool weather gathers in, and dries 5 days, threshing, Removal of impurities, drying obtain average yield per mu 200kg, highest per mu yield 250kg, mass of 1000 kernel 3.2g.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of 1. method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead, it is characterised in that:Methods described is included such as Lower step:
    A, the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes of spring sowing:
    A.1, before the First Year winter site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil;
    A.2, in mid-March next year earth's surface thaw the double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds of 5~7cm sowings, double low early maturing cabbages The breeding time of type spring rape seed is 90~100 days, 2~4cm of depth of planting, sowing 20~30cm of line-spacing, the mu amount of broadcasting 0.15~ 0.25kg, every mu, with kind of an application 4~6kg of urea, preserves soil moisture, double low early maturing cabbage type spring rape seeds are being sowed with kind of a suppression Preceding 2~3d basks seeds 18~24h, then is dressed seed with 2~4% rape tailored version Furadan seed coat agent;
    A.3, field management;
    A.4, gathered in when rape Fruit pod 80% turns yellow or when top particles enter milk stage;
    B, ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead during summer sowing pair is low:
    B.1, step a sow in spring site preparation after double low early maturing cabbage type spring rapes harvestings, apply fertilizer to the subsoil;
    B.2, in late June next year sowing it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed, it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed Breeding time is 105~115 days, 2~4cm of depth of planting, sows 20~30cm of line-spacing, the mu amount of broadcasting 0.15~0.25kg, every mu with Kind apply 4~6kg of urea, moisture creating of pouring water, it is described it is double it is low in ripe Opius dimidiatus Ashmead seed prior to seeding 2~3d bask seeds 12~ 18h, then dressed seed with 2~4% rape tailored version Furadan seed coat agent;
    B.3, field management;
    B.4, gathered in when rape Fruit pod 80% turns yellow or when top particles enter milk stage.
  2. 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that:A.3, the step is final singling, water and fertilizer management, puts honeybee, disease pest Evil preventing and treating.
  3. 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that:The final singling is the seedling of mu strain 3.5~4.5 ten thousand.
  4. 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that:B.3, the step is final singling, water and fertilizer management, puts honeybee, disease pest Evil preventing and treating.
  5. 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that:The final singling is the seedling of mu strain 3~40,000.
CN201510426840.9A 2015-07-20 2015-07-20 A kind of method in Northeast China plantation two crops a year Opius dimidiatus Ashmead Expired - Fee Related CN105123167B (en)

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109429940A (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-08 青海省农林科学院 A kind of dry farming Opius dimidiatus Ashmead mechanization mulch bunch planting cultural method
CN110115207B (en) * 2019-06-13 2021-04-27 大连工业大学 Method for replanting red rape moss, spring rape and feed rape in Liaoning area
CN112075303A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-12-15 潘典进 Planting method of summer rape bolts
CN112400631A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-02-26 大连工业大学 Method for cultivating two kinds of three-harvest multipurpose utilized double-low cabbage type rape
CN114158437A (en) * 2021-11-29 2022-03-11 大连工业大学 Efficient cultivation method of cabbage type double-low rape and application of efficient cultivation method in saline-alkali soil
CN114982570A (en) * 2022-06-07 2022-09-02 甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所 Fine-quantity rope sowing method for northern spring oilseed rapes
CN115589919A (en) * 2022-09-06 2023-01-13 大连工业大学(Cn) Cultivation mode for prolonging flowering period of rape and efficiently and comprehensively utilizing rape

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102301898A (en) * 2011-07-29 2012-01-04 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 High-yield cultivation method of double-low rape flower
CN104641826A (en) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-27 哈尔滨派腾农业科技有限公司 Cultivation technique for spring rape

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