CN105027935B - High yield cultivation method of peanut - Google Patents
High yield cultivation method of peanut Download PDFInfo
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- CN105027935B CN105027935B CN201510499042.9A CN201510499042A CN105027935B CN 105027935 B CN105027935 B CN 105027935B CN 201510499042 A CN201510499042 A CN 201510499042A CN 105027935 B CN105027935 B CN 105027935B
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000488583 Panonychus ulmi Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Natural products CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QTENRWWVYAAPBI-YCRXJPFRSA-N streptomycin sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O.CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O QTENRWWVYAAPBI-YCRXJPFRSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 streptomycin sulphates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
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- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, is a kind of high yield cultivation method of peanut；Carry out in the steps below：The first step, after first year crop autumn harvest, to planting site subsoiling once, the thickness of the loosing soil layer of planting site is 45cm to 50cm after subsoiling, natural drying after planting site subsoiling.Invention makes site preparation program simplification, does not destroy soil texture, operation easily and fast, improve loosing soil degree, and hardening layer is effectively broken, high yield cultivation method of peanut of the present invention 15cm to 20cm compared with prior art Plastic Mulching In Peanut loosing soil depth down, drastically increase loosing soil degree, add water retention, significantly improve soil easily hardened regional edaphic condition, promote the growth of peanut, improve the per mu yield of peanut, water resource has been saved, has reduced production cost, has considerably increased the income of peasant household.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, is a kind of high yield cultivation method of peanut.
Background technology
Plastic Mulching In Peanut is the main high-yield culture technique promoted at present, has and preserves soil moisture, sow, have in advance
It is the advantages of beneficial to field management, volume increase, significant to raising peanut yield, expansion peanut cultivation region.The technology is increased production
Synergy is notable, simple and easy to do, receives for vast peanut cultivation family.But the arid region based on irrigated with drip irrigation, especially
It is easy hardened area after soil is irrigated, as drip irrigation, fertilizing integratedization are gradually applied, soil quality declines year by year, generally existing
Soil compaction, topsoil shoal, the underproduction, the phenomenon of water-holding capacity difference.
At present, universal site preparation measure be the autumn, spring carry out soil plough deeply, compounding application organic fertilizer, using change
Fertilizer etc..The depth ploughed deeply is 25cm to 30cm.But it is complete in the presence of ploughshare is rotated that this traditional deep ploughing, which is ploughed deeply,
Into, the position of upper and lower soil layer can be changed or even be exchanged in operation, the arable layer mellow soil on top is embedded in deep soil, and
The soil of deep layer can be turned to table soil, and the soil nutrient content of deep layer can not show a candle to topsoil.Therefore, it is traditional to plough deeply
Way not only destroys the soil layer construction of soil in itself, is destroyed the nutrient of upper and lower soil layer, and be unfavorable for next year
Crop nutrition content effectively utilizes, and so as to influence crop yield and quality, production cost is high；In addition, in summer hot and dry weather weather bar
Under part, soil evaporativeness is big, and rainwater is few, easily hardened after rainfall, causes pin under peanut difficult, result quantities reduction, existing overlay film flower
Output is average in 230kg/ mus or so.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high yield cultivation method of peanut, overcomes the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, it can effectively be solved
The problem of certainly existing Plastic Mulching In Peanut easily hardened regional production cost after soil irrigation is high low with peanut yield.
The technical scheme is that realized by following measures：A kind of high yield cultivation method of peanut, by following steps
It is rapid to carry out：The first step, after first year crop autumn harvest, to planting site subsoiling once, the thickness of the loosing soil layer of planting site after subsoiling
For 45cm to 50cm, natural drying after planting site subsoiling；Second step, bottom is applied to the planting site after drying at the beginning of mid-April to 5 months
Fertilizer, applied fertilizer to the subsoil by every mu of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15kg to 20kg, potassium sulfate 5kg to 10kg, three material 10kg to 15kg, applied base fertilizer
Afterwards again to planting site subsoiling once, the thickness of the loosing soil layer of planting site is 45cm to 50cm after subsoiling, to plantation after subsoiling
Ground carries out smooth；3rd step, drip irrigation zone and mulch film are laid on the planting site after smooth, the middle position paving under every mulch film
If a drip irrigation zone, upward, the distance of adjacent two mulch film is 40cm to 50cm to the drip hole of drip irrigation zone；4th step, on top layer, 5cm is deep
Soil ground temperature is sowed when being more than or equal to 15 DEG C, and 16h to 24h dresses seed to peanut seed prior to seeding, is dried after seed dressing
Sowed by the row of a film two, spacing in the rows 15cm to 17cm, sowing hill spacing is from dropper band 15cm to 20cm, per bunch planting 2 peanuts of kind
Seed, depth of planting 3cm to 5cm, after planting earthing；5th step, carry out field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Here is the further optimization and/or improvements to foregoing invention technical scheme：
It is smooth to planting site progress after subsoiling in above-mentioned second step, the smooth rear diameter for planting ground surface pimple is less than etc.
In 5cm.
In above-mentioned 4th step, peanut seed is dressed seed and carried out as follows：By 15 grams to the 20 grams bright shields of seed dressing
The sharp victory of 15 grams to 20 grams seed dressings of middle addition is well mixed, then add 150ml to 200ml water it is well mixed after obtain mixing and mix
Kind agent, mixed thoroughly by 1.3 grams to 1.4 grams of seed dressing of mixing is added in per kilogram peanut seed.
Above-mentioned drip irrigation zone is flank labyrinth type drip irrigation tape, and the water yield of drip irrigation zone is 2.0L/h to 3.0L/h；Or/and broadcast
The width of mulch film both sides embedment soil layer is 10cm to 15cm during kind；Or/and peanut seed educates No. 22 peanut seeds for flower；Or/
With the wide 0.7m of mulch film, ground thickness 0.008mm.
Above-mentioned field management is carried out as follows：Drip irrigation is carried out when planting site soil moisture is less than 60% after peanut seeding,
The drip irrigation time is 4h to 6h, after emergence is neat, is once intertilled, the depth once intertilled is 10cm to 15cm, once intertills 2
It is to carrying out clear restraining the growth of seedlings after 3 days, and clear carries out secondary intertillage after 15 days to 20 days, the depth 15cm to 20cm of secondary intertillage,
Restraining the growth of seedlings carries out drip irrigation after 20 days to 30 days, and the drip irrigation time is 6h to 8h；Drip irrigation 1 time weekly of peanut growth phase, each drip irrigation time
For 8h to 10h, stop pouring water within 1 week before harvesting peanut；Florescence carries out top dressing, and every mu imposes 6 kilograms to 8 kilograms of urea, sprays matter
The potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution that amount percentage is 5% is once；Lower pin fruiting period, will apply fertilizer with drip irrigation water droplet, by every mu of urea 15kg extremely
18kg, MAP 3kg to 5kg, potassium sulfate 3kg to 5kg, divide 3 times and impose.
The above-mentioned prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out as follows：The root rot and black rot in peanut seedling stage, with agricultural sulfuric acid strepto-
Element carries out pouring root preventing and treating, and 15 grams of agricultural streptomycin sulphates are watered 15 kilograms, the continuous pouring root 3 times every 3 days to 4 days, and pulls out in time
Except diseased plant, preventing and treating soil pollution passes disease；June to September finds there is red spider appearance, sprays 1.8% AVM, 2500 times of liquid and carries out
Biological control, the time-of-week of more severe case interval 1 continue to spray once.
The present invention makes site preparation program simplification, does not destroy soil texture, operation easily and fast, improves loosing soil degree,
And effectively broken hardening layer, high yield cultivation method of peanut of the present invention is deep compared with prior art Plastic Mulching In Peanut loosing soil
Degree has deepened 15cm to 20cm, drastically increases loosing soil degree, adds water retention, significantly improves soil
Easy hardened regional edaphic condition, promotes the growth of peanut, improves the per mu yield of peanut, saved water resource, reduce
Production cost, considerably increase the income of peasant household.
Embodiment
The present invention is not limited by following embodiments, can technique according to the invention scheme and actual conditions it is specific to determine
Embodiment.
Embodiment 1, the high yield cultivation method of peanut, carry out in the steps below：The first step, after first year crop autumn harvest, to kind
Plant ground subsoiling once, the thickness of the loosing soil layer of planting site is 45cm to 50cm after subsoiling, natural drying after planting site subsoiling；
Second step, the planting site after drying is applied fertilizer to the subsoil at the beginning of mid-April to 5 months, by every mu of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15kg to 20kg, potassium sulfate
5kg to 10kg, three material 10kg to 15kg are applied fertilizer to the subsoil, applied after base fertilizer again to planting site subsoiling once, planting site after subsoiling
The thickness of loosing soil layer be 45cm to 50cm, planting site is carried out after subsoiling smooth；3rd step, the planting site after smooth
A drip irrigation zone is laid in upper laying drip irrigation zone and mulch film, the middle position under every mulch film, and the drip hole of drip irrigation zone is upward, adjacent
The distance of two mulch films is 40cm to 50cm；4th step, sowed when on top layer, 5cm depth soil ground temperature is more than or equal to 15 DEG C,
16h to 24h dresses seed to peanut seed before sowing, dries after seed dressing and is sowed by the row of a film two, spacing in the rows 15cm to 17cm,
Hill spacing is sowed from dropper band 15cm to 20cm, per bunch planting 2 peanut seeds of kind, depth of planting 3cm to 5cm, after planting earthing；The
Five steps, carry out field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.It can be carried out during to planting site subsoiling by tractor and subsoiling device, tractor horse
Power can be 180 horsepowers, and subsoiling device is a kind of small-sized subsoiling device, 1.8 meters of operation wide cut, is made up of crossbeam and 3 subsoiling hooks, crossbeam
Long 1.8m, 3 subsoiling hooks are equidistantly distributed on crossbeam, and crossbeam bottom subsoiling hook length is 70cm, and subsoiling device is hung on and dragged
Machine drawing rear, subsoiling is carried out to planting site soil using subsoiling device, subsoiling device embedded depth reaches 60cm to 65cm, subsoiling during subsoiling
The natural drying of planting site soil can be carried out afterwards, existing disease pest and weed in soil is obtained necessarily using sunlight natural temperature
Degree is killed, and by the snow cover and cryogenic freezing in a winter in March November to next year, Pest organism etc. obtains in planting site
Further control.Each subsoiling need to be connected with a preceding subsoiling border, to ensure ground of not leaving blank between each subsoiling, make whole kinds
Plant soil in ground and fully obtain subsoiling, be so advantageous to plant growth, reach the consistent effect of growing way.After soil subsoiling is smooth,
The laying of planting site mulch film and dropper band, entirely flat furrow, it is not necessary to ridging, mechanical once-paving 2 are carried out using machinery
To 4 mulch films, dropper band is parallel with mulch film, tenses laying, artificial at 1.5m to 2m on mulch film in time after plastic film mulch to mend soil
Add horizontal waistband, preventing and treating strong wind scrapes mulch film off.10 days to 20 days before sowing, manually or mechanically peeled off, can not be destroyed when peeling off
The integrality of shelled peanut, to be rejected in time if any the kernel of valve is divided, it is impossible to used as seed, for peanut of the shell with disease pest
Seed, such as mouldy, mildew and rot, peculiar smell, band worm's ovum, such seed do not have to, all eliminate and throw away, the seed stripped is filled without exception
Enter in the mesh bag or paper bag of good permeability, be placed on shady place storage, prepared for sowing.
Embodiment 2, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, planting site is carried out in second step, after subsoiling smooth, planted after smooth
The diameter for planting earth's surface doughball is less than or equal to 5cm.After second of subsoiling, soil rotary tillage is carried out in time, and rotary tillage depth can be 12cm
To 15cm, soil surface is reached neat, flat, loose, broken, net, moisture in the soil, if the pimple diameter of surface soil be more than more than 5cm, it is necessary to
Rotary tillage 2 times to 3 times, after land smoothing is good, it is possible to carry out sowing preceding preparation.
Embodiment 3, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in the 4th step, peanut seed is dressed seed and entered as follows
OK：By being added in 15 grams to the 20 grams bright shields of seed dressing, the sharp victory of 15 grams to 20 grams seed dressings is well mixed, then adds 150ml extremely
Obtain mixing seed dressing after 200ml water is well mixed, 1.3 grams to 1.4 grams of seed dressing is mixed by being added in per kilogram peanut seed
Mix thoroughly.Bright shield is blue powder shape, and sharp victory is powdered for vermilion, both at seed dressing, has diseases prevention, insect prevention effect.
Embodiment 4, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, drip irrigation zone is flank labyrinth type drip irrigation tape, the water yield of drip irrigation zone
For 2.0L/h to 3.0L/h；Or/and the width of mulch film both sides embedment soil layer is 10cm to 15cm during sowing；Or/and peanut kind
Son educates No. 22 peanut seeds for flower；Or/and the wide 0.7m of mulch film, ground thickness 0.008mm.
Embodiment 5, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, field management is carried out as follows：Planting site after peanut seeding
Soil moisture carries out drip irrigation when being less than 60%, and the drip irrigation time is 4h to 6h, after emergence is neat, is once intertilled, once intertilled
Depth is 10cm to 15cm, and clear restraining the growth of seedlings is carried out after once intertilling 2 days to 3 days, and clear carries out secondary intertillage after 15 days to 20 days,
The depth 15cm to 20cm of secondary intertillage, restraining the growth of seedlings carry out drip irrigation after 20 days to 30 days, and the drip irrigation time is 6h to 8h；The peanut growth phase
Drip irrigation 1 time weekly, each drip irrigation time are 8h to 10h, stop within 1 week pouring water before harvesting peanut；Florescence carries out top dressing, and every mu imposes
6 kilograms to 8 kilograms of urea, spray mass percent be 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution once；Lower pin fruiting period, is with dripping irrigation water
Drop fertilising, by every mu of urea 15kg to 18kg, MAP 3kg to 5kg, potassium sulfate 3kg to 5kg, divide 3 times and impose.Peanut is broadcast
Drip irrigation is carried out when planting site soil moisture is less than 60% after kind, is sufficiently humidified so as to soil in sowing cave, infiltrating depth of the water 15cm
To 20cm, it is impossible to which drip irrigation overlong time, soil's being over wet easily make seed decay mouldy, cause sprout term disease.Once
Intertillage make in the ranks upper soll layer it is loose, improve ground temperature.Clear is exactly to be completely exposed two panels cotyledon, is covered without soil, makes son
Leaf is fully exposed to sunlight.Secondary intertillage make in the ranks upper soll layer it is loose, improve ground temperature, while play a part of ridging, make
Chesson covering is arranged at peanut side shoot bottom.Peanut restraining the growth of seedlings is counted after emergence, is restrained the growth of seedlings 20 days to 30 days, when blade closes
During upright phenomenon, drip irrigation is carried out, is sufficiently humidified so as to soil in film.The peanut growth phase removes weeds on mulch film and in the ranks in time,
Reduce weeds and peanut contention nutrient.Florescence pours water will fully, and seedling stage and maturity period will reduce irrigation quantity.Mass percent is 5%
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution can prepare as follows：2.25kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate powder is weighed, is dissolved in 15kg water
The potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution that mass percent is 5% is obtained, then sparges blade surface.Lower pin fruiting period, is with drip irrigation water droplet
Fertilizer will fully dissolve in fertilizer spreading tank in advance during fertilising, first with clear water drip irrigation 2h to 3h, then start to apply fertilizer with water droplet and expect, drop
The time of fertilising material is 1h to 2h, and the time is unsuitable long, and drop fertilising material continues drip irrigation clear water 4h to 5h after terminating.
Embodiment 6, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out as follows：The root-rot in peanut seedling stage
Disease and black rot, carry out pouring root preventing and treating, 15 grams of agricultural streptomycin sulphates were watered 15 kilograms, every 3 days with agricultural streptomycin sulphate
The continuous pouring root 3 times to 4 days, and diseased plant is pulled out in time, preventing and treating soil pollution passes disease；June to September finds there is red spider appearance, sprays
Apply 1.8% AVM, 2500 times of liquid and carry out biological control, the time-of-week of more severe case interval 1 continues to spray once.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
First from the strong kind of disease resistance, next is carried out seed and broadcasts preceding drying, reduces seed coat band worm in spite of illness, carries out seed again
Seed dressing, it is last once finding pest and disease damage from the preferable seed dressing of diseases prevention vermins-proof effect, biological or chemical is used in time
Medicament is prevented and treated.Peanut seedling stage such as low temperature, rainy weather, easily occur root rot, black rot, be mainly shown as cotyledon and
Cotyledon bottom stem section covers with dark brown bacterium, and susceptible Leaves on main stem at initial stage is wilted, and the whole strain blade of mid-term is wilted, and the later stage, whole strain was withered,
After extracting root, under ground portion covers with black mycelia, when early symptom occurs, carries out pouring root preventing and treating with agricultural streptomycin sulphate in time,
15 grams of medicines are watered 15 kilograms, the continuous pouring root 3 times every 3 days to 4 days, it is possible to symptom management, pull out diseased plant in time, prevent and treat soil
Pollution passes disease.Under June to the weather condition of September drought, tetranychid（Red spider）Generation is more serious, once find there is red spider
Occur, spray 1.8% AVM, 2500 times of liquid immediately and carry out biological control, the time-of-week of more severe case interval 1 occurs and continues to spray
Once, the harm of peanut tetranychid can effectively be prevented and treated.The peanut maturity period will reduce irrigation quantity, prevent and treat decayed fruit.Received in late September peanut
Obtain, remove soil, blade and decayed fruit, roping to threshing ground dries, when the seed moisture content is reached less than 9%, be put into it is nice and cool, dry,
Room with good ventilation stores.
The planting density of high yield cultivation method of peanut of the present invention be 7000 caves/mu to 7500 caves/mu, by soil subsoiling,
Rotary tillage is combined with under-film drip irrigation, and Pod Yield is that 500kg/ mus are more existing to 572kg/ mus, high yield cultivation method of peanut of the present invention
Technology Plastic Mulching In Peanut per plant number increases by 10 to 15, reduces the conventional ploughshare of peasant household and ploughs, revolves ground, rake
Ground and the multinomial agricultural machinery operating procedure of ridging, the present invention make site preparation program simplification, do not destroy soil texture, operation easily and fast, carry
High loosing soil degree, and effectively broken hardening layer, loosing soil depth be 45cm to 50cm, peanut high yield cultivation of the present invention
Culture method 15cm to 20cm compared with prior art Plastic Mulching In Peanut loosing soil depth down, drastically increases soil
Porousness, the degree of packing of soil reduce 120psi to 140psi, and water retention adds 10% to 13%, saving water resource
5% to 8%, peanut yield increase by 48% to 65%, soil easily hardened regional edaphic condition is significantly improved, promotes peanut
Growth, the per mu yield of peanut is improved, considerably increase the income of peasant household.
In summary, the present invention makes site preparation program simplification, does not destroy soil texture, operation easily and fast, improves soil
Porousness, and effectively broken hardening layer, high yield cultivation method of peanut of the present invention is compared with prior art Plastic Mulching In Peanut
Loosing soil depth down 15cm to 20cm, drastically increases loosing soil degree, adds water retention, greatly
Soil easily hardened regional edaphic condition is improved, the growth of peanut is promoted, improves the per mu yield of peanut, saved water money
Source, production cost is reduced, considerably increase the income of peasant household.
Above technical characteristic constitutes embodiments of the invention, and it has stronger adaptability and implementation result, can basis
The non-essential technical characteristic of increase and decrease is actually needed, to meet the needs of different situations.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high yield cultivation method of peanut, it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below：The first step is right after first year crop autumn harvest
Once, the thickness of the loosing soil layer of planting site is 45cm to 50cm to planting site subsoiling after subsoiling, is dried in the air naturally after planting site subsoiling
Shine；Second step, the planting site after drying is applied fertilizer to the subsoil at the beginning of mid-April to 5 months, by every mu of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15kg to 20kg, sulphur
Sour potassium 5kg to 10kg, three material 10kg to 15kg are applied fertilizer to the subsoil, applied after base fertilizer again to planting site subsoiling once, planted after subsoiling
The thickness for planting the loosing soil layer on ground is 45cm to 50cm, planting site is carried out after subsoiling smooth；3rd step, the kind after smooth
Plant laying drip irrigation zone and mulch film on the ground, a drip irrigation zone is laid in the middle position under every mulch film, the drip hole of drip irrigation zone upward,
The distance of adjacent two mulch film is 40cm to 50cm；4th step, broadcast when on top layer, 5cm depth soil ground temperature is more than or equal to 15 DEG C
Kind, 16h to 24h dresses seed to peanut seed prior to seeding, dries after seed dressing and is sowed by the row of a film two, spacing in the rows 15cm is extremely
17cm, sowing hill spacing, per bunch planting 2 peanut seeds of kind, depth of planting 3cm to 5cm, are after planting covered from dropper band 15cm to 20cm
Soil；5th step, carry out field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Wherein：It is smooth to planting site progress after subsoiling in second step, it is smooth
The diameter for planting ground surface pimple afterwards is less than or equal to 5cm；In 4th step, peanut seed is dressed seed and carried out as follows：
By being added in 15 grams to the 20 grams bright shields of seed dressing, the sharp victory of 15 grams to 20 grams seed dressings is well mixed, then adds 150ml to 200ml
Obtain mixing seed dressing after water is well mixed, mixed thoroughly by 1.3 grams to 1.4 grams of seed dressing of mixing is added in per kilogram peanut seed；
Drip irrigation zone is flank labyrinth type drip irrigation tape, and the water yield of drip irrigation zone is 2.0L/h to 3.0L/h；Mulch film both sides are earthed during sowing
The width of layer is 10cm to 15cm；Peanut seed educates No. 22 peanut seeds for flower；The wide 0.7m of mulch film, ground thickness 0.008mm；Field
Management is carried out as follows：Carry out drip irrigation when planting site soil moisture is less than 60% after peanut seeding, the drip irrigation time be 4h extremely
6h, after emergence is neat, once intertilled, the depth once intertilled is 10cm to 15cm, is carried out after once intertilling 2 days to 3 days
Clear restraining the growth of seedlings, clear carries out secondary intertillage after 15 days to 20 days, the depth 15cm to 20cm of secondary intertillage, restrains the growth of seedlings 20 days to 30 days
After carry out drip irrigation, the drip irrigation time is 6h to 8h；Drip irrigation 1 time weekly of peanut growth phase, each drip irrigation time are 8h to 10h, peanut
Stop pouring water within 1 week before harvest；Florescence carries out top dressing, and it is 5% that every mu, which imposes 6 kilograms to 8 kilograms of urea, sprays mass percent,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is once；Lower pin fruiting period, will apply fertilizer with drip irrigation water droplet, by every mu of urea 15kg to 18kg, MAP
3kg to 5kg, potassium sulfate 3kg to 5kg, divide 3 times and impose；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out as follows：The root rot in peanut seedling stage and
Black rot, pouring root preventing and treating is carried out with agricultural streptomycin sulphate, 15 grams of agricultural streptomycin sulphates were watered 15 kilograms, every 3 days to 4 days
Continuously pouring root 3 times, and diseased plant is pulled out in time, preventing and treating soil pollution passes disease；June to September finds there is red spider appearance, sprays 1.8%
2500 times of liquid of AVM carry out biological control, and the time-of-week of more severe case interval 1 continues to spray once.
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| CN105340567A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-24 | 常熟市辛庄镇双浜农地股份合作社 | High-quality and high-yield peanut planting method |
| CN105837289B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-12-10 | 山东省花生研究所 | Special fertilizer package of peanut liquid manure integration |
| CN106717890A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts technical method |
| CN106879433A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of method that underground drip irrigation is set up with system field |
| CN107318406A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-11-07 | 杨正嘉 | A kind of Winter in North China spinach, spring radish, Peanut man's courtyard nixed planting |
| CN107295870A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-27 | 江西祥泰种业有限公司 | A kind of cultivation technique for improving red soil peanut yield |
| CN107836314A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-27 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts method for releasing continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN111587732A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-08-28 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Cultivation method for producing peanuts during young actinidia arguta trees |
| CN112913618A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 柳延涛 | Peanut cultivation method |
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