CN108464144A - A method of induction cassava blooms - Google Patents
A method of induction cassava blooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN108464144A CN108464144A CN201810339304.9A CN201810339304A CN108464144A CN 108464144 A CN108464144 A CN 108464144A CN 201810339304 A CN201810339304 A CN 201810339304A CN 108464144 A CN108464144 A CN 108464144A
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- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000658379 Manihot esculenta subsp. esculenta Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 compound potassium sulfate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- AQQQCUQKUMMECS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Mg].[B].[Fe].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ca].[Mg].[B].[Fe].[Zn] AQQQCUQKUMMECS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims 1
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000215 hyperchromic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000221017 Euphorbiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- UZEORDGDVSCKID-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Zn].[Ca].[Mg] Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn].[Ca].[Mg] UZEORDGDVSCKID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010142 geitonogamy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods that induction cassava blooms, and belong to technical field of crop cultivation.The method of the present invention, includes the following steps：1) it levels land, ridging, a setting kind plant hole on ridge；2) apply base manure；3) mid or late March is planted to early April；4) top dressing；5) foliar fertilizer is sprayed；6) apply and promote flower liquid；7) branch and sprout lateral bud that removal is newly grown, retain bud, spray nutritious liquor.Using the method for the present invention, the bloom current year raw cassava of kind of branch difficulty can once be induced to bloom, and Blooming 2~4 months, abloom rate 100% is average to increase by 500 at flower quantity, average 9 times of female flower number increase；The current year raw cassava of branch or late branch kind does not bloom for primary induction, and Blooming 2~4 months, and 65% or more abloom rate is average to increase by 4.64 times at flower quantity, average 7~8 times of female flower number increase.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a method of induction cassava blooms.
Background technology
Cassava (Cassava) is Euphorbiaceae casava, is one of shrub shape perennial crop, three big potato of the world,
Cultivation is in subtropical and tropical zones extensively.In China South Subtropical Area of China, cassava is to be only second to rice, sweet potato, sugarcane and jade
The fifth-largest crop of rice.It plays an important roll in crop allocation, Feed Manufacturing, commercial Application etc., it has also become extensive kind
It plants, the crops of main producing starch and feed.Tapioca root is rich in starch in cone, cylindrical or spindle, meat.
Tapioca starch is best in quality, can be edible, or industrially makes alcohol, fructose, glucose etc..
Existing research has shown that, cassava is geitonogamy crop, female flower and male flower with the different flower of sequence, one on same inflorescence
As male flower is more late than female flower opens 1~2 week, cassava, which blooms, generally requires 90 days or so normal matures after pollination.It is bloomed knot according to cassava
Fruit habit, cassava Post flowering generally dry up and normal mature in mid or late December fruit surface.But in subtropical zone, cassava one
As start to bloom successively from mid-September, due to influences such as arid low temperature, though 1~2 month of next year harvest fruit and seed, receive
The most of fruit surface obtained also band green, fruit is small, more than half all non-normal mature of the seed of harvest, mature seed germination percentage
Also less than 20%.Moreover, there is part Cassava Cultivars not branch, whether perennial root plantation or current year plantation, are all unable to reach kind
Planting current year blooms, and in the art, there is no about induction, branch or branch difficulty the cassava document bloomed of current year of blooming are not recorded.
Invention content
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that induction cassava blooms, it can make regardless of branch or divide
The difficult Cassava Cultivars current year branch bloomed of branch and Blooming.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of methods that induction cassava blooms, and include the following steps：
1) it levels land, a ridge duplicate rows plantation or a ridge uniline plantation, the line-spacing that 1.0~1.5m is planted according to plant rise
Ridge, the high 10~15cm in ridge, the kind plant hole that setting spacing in the rows is 1.0~1.2m on ridge；
2) compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in described kind of plant hole, the amount of application of the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is 300~
400kg/hm2；
3) in mid or late March to early April, using keep flat or oblique cutting by the way of by cassava seed stems sowing in kind of plant hole；
4) when seedling stem grows to 20~40cm of height of seedling, top dressing is carried out, the top dressing is that every plant of cassava applies calcium magnesium phosphate
0.175~0.4kg of 0.075~0.25kg, 0.05~0.1kg of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and organic fertilizer；
5) after the 5~10d of top dressing, foliar fertilizer is sprayed；The foliar fertilizer be include final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid
The sugarcane of the boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer and quality final concentration of 0.75~1.25% of alga fertilizer, quality final concentration of 0.075~1.25%
The aqueous solution of sugar；
6) after the 5~10d of Foliar Spraying, apply and promote flower liquid；The rush flower liquid includes 0.035~0.075mg/L's
Glyphosate, final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid flower forcing element and final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid alga fertilizer；
7) after spraying the rush flower liquid, occur the plant of branch and bud to observing, remove the branch newly grown in time
With sprouting lateral bud, retain bud, spray nutritious liquor；Occur the plant of branch and bud to not observing, repeats 1~4 step
6), to be seen to after branch and bud, spray rush flower liquid；The nutrient solution includes the phosphorus that mass concentration is 0.075~0.125%
The alga fertilizer of acid dihydride potassium and final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid.
Preferably, the cassava seed stems described in step 3) are cassava production seedling stem.
Preferably, include the process sterilized to seedling stem, the disinfecting process is by seedling stem before step 3) the seedling stem plantation
It is impregnated with 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder.
Preferably, the alga fertilizer described in step 5), step 6) and step 7) is independently including alginic acid >=40g/L, first
The Water soluble fertilizer containing humic acid of shell element weight percent >=20%.
Preferably, the boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer described in step 5) includes the iron of mass percent >=1.2%, and mass percent >=
0.4% boron, the zinc of mass percent >=0.4%, the magnesium of mass percent >=6.0% and the calcium of mass percent >=2%.
Preferably, the branch and plant viviparous lateral bud that removing in time described in step 7) newly grows, the time is from
To occur bud differentiation to complete to bloom, solid whole process, ensure plant nutrition mainly for answering reproductive growth.
The present invention provides a kind of methods that induction cassava blooms to pass through top dressing and foliar fertilizer using cassava seed stems as material
Application, increase reproductive growth needed for nutrition, control nutrient growth, prevent plant excessive growth；Plant resistance can be enhanced by promoting flower liquid,
Promote bud differentiation, promote branch, while also acting guarantor and spending hyperchromic and blooming period prolonging effect.Using the present invention method,
The south China 12 and osmanthus cassava No. 6 that current year plants at the beginning of by the end of March~4 month, induce through single, you can buddings in mid or late June, July
In full bloom, plant induction abloom rate 65~100%, average to improve 3~5 times at flower quantity, female flower amount improves 8~9 times.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the cassava of south China 12 blooms figure, wherein Fig. 1-1 is that the cassava of south China 12 through induction blooms figure, Fig. 1-2
Figure of blooming is compareed for the cassava of south China 12；
Fig. 2 is the inflorescence figure of the cassava of south China 12, wherein Fig. 2-1 is the inflorescence figure through induction, and Fig. 2-2 is control inflorescence
Figure；
Fig. 3 is No. 6 figures of blooming of osmanthus cassava；
Fig. 4 is the inflorescence figure of osmanthus cassava No. 6, wherein Fig. 4-1 is the inflorescence figure through induction, and Fig. 4-2 is control inflorescence figure.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of methods that induction cassava blooms, and include the following steps：
1) it levels land, a ridge duplicate rows plantation or a ridge uniline plantation, the line-spacing that 1.0~1.5m is planted according to plant rise
Ridge, the high 10~15cm in ridge, the kind plant hole that setting spacing in the rows is 1.0~1.2m on ridge；
2) compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in described kind of plant hole, the amount of application of the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is 300~
400kg/hm2；
3) in mid or late March to early April, using keep flat or oblique cutting by the way of by cassava seed stems sowing in kind of plant hole；
4) when seedling stem grows to 20~40cm of height of seedling, top dressing is carried out, the top dressing is that every plant of cassava applies calcium magnesium phosphate
0.175~0.4kg of 0.075~0.25kg, 0.05~0.1kg of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and organic fertilizer；
5) after the 5~10d of top dressing, foliar fertilizer is sprayed；The foliar fertilizer be include final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid
The sugarcane of the boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer and quality final concentration of 0.75~1.25% of alga fertilizer, quality final concentration of 0.075~1.25%
The aqueous solution of sugar；
6) after the 5~10d of Foliar Spraying, apply and promote flower liquid；The rush flower liquid includes 0.035~0.075mg/L's
Glyphosate, final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid flower forcing element and final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid alga fertilizer；
7) after spraying the rush flower liquid, occur the plant of branch and bud to observing, remove the branch newly grown in time
With sprouting lateral bud, retain bud, spray nutritious liquor；Occur the plant of branch and bud to not observing, repeats 1~4 step
6), to be seen to after branch and bud, spray rush flower liquid；The nutrient solution includes the phosphorus that mass concentration is 0.075~0.125%
The alga fertilizer of acid dihydride potassium and final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid.
The present invention levels land when inducing cassava to bloom, according to the line-spacing ridging of 1.0~1.5m, spacing in the rows is arranged on ridge
For the kind plant hole of 1.0~1.2m.In the present invention, the soil is preferably sandy loam, and the sandy loam is preferably soil layer
Deep, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage or gentle slope, the pH of the sandy loam is preferably 5.0~7.0.It is of the present invention to level land
Tractor-ploughing mode, described level land preferably is used preferably to reach deep, loose, thin, broken, flat, weed free standard.It levels land
Afterwards, for the present invention according to the line-spacing ridging of 1.0~1.2m, the line-spacing is preferably 1.0m.In the present invention, the height on the ridge
Preferably 10~15cm.The present invention is preferable to provide gutter in the both sides on the ridge.Spacing in the rows is arranged in the present invention on ridge
The kind plant hole of 1.0~1.2m, the spacing in the rows are preferably 1.0m.Of the present invention kind of plant hole is preferably a ridge duplicate rows or a ridge
Uniline, more preferably a ridge uniline.The present invention is not particularly limited the parameter of described kind of plant hole, utilizes the routine of this field
Cassava kind plant hole.
After setting kind of plant hole, the present invention spreads fertilizer over the fields compound potassium sulfate fertilizer in described kind of plant hole.In the present invention, the sulphur
Sour K composite fertilizer is applied as base manure, N in the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer：P2O5：K2The ratio of O is preferably 15：15：15, it is described
The amount of application of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is preferably 300~400kg/hm2.The present invention is when spreading fertilizer over the fields compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, preferably
The compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and kind plant hole soil are applied to after mixing in kind of plant hole.Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of the present invention
Can promote cassava germinate as early as possible and plant enter nutrient growth.
Current year seedling stem is planted in kind of plant hole by the present invention in mid or late March to early April.In the present invention, described kind
Stem is preferably production seedling stem and is saved cane, March after the production is harvest cassava in December the previous year with seedling stem
It is planted, it is more preferably sturdy, internode is short, stem skin is complete, bud eye is healthy and strong, the ripe seedling stem of no disease and pests harm, preferably will
The seedling stem is cut into the stem section of 15~20cm long, and the seedling stem preferably derives from easy branch kind and branch or branch difficulty are not opened
Flower variety, the not branch or branch difficulty bloom kind preferably including osmanthus cassava No. 6 and the cassava of south China 12, the osmanthus cassava
No. 6 few branches, branch plant blossom amount are small；The branch difficulty of the south China 12 is bloomed or the amount of blooming is few.The present invention is to described easy
Branch kind is not particularly limited, and utilizes the conventional variety of this field.
Include preferably the process sterilized to seedling stem before seedling stem plantation of the present invention, the disinfecting process preferably will
Seedling stem is impregnated with carbendazim solution, and the carbendazim solution is preferably 600~1500 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder
Liquid, more preferably 800~1200 times of liquid, most preferably 1000 times of liquid.The time of immersion of the present invention is preferably 3~
5min is planted after preferably being dried after the completion of impregnating.There is no any special limits for planting patterns of the present invention to the seedling stem
It is fixed, it preferably keeps flat or the mode of oblique cutting is planted.
After plantation, the present invention carries out top dressing when seedling stem grows to 20~40cm of height of seedling.In the present invention, in 5 months
When the last ten-days period, height of seedling grows to about 20~40cm and carries out top dressing, and the top dressing is to apply calcium magnesium phosphate, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and organic
Fertilizer.The applied amount of calcium magnesium phosphate of the present invention is preferably every plant of 0.075~0.25kg of cassava, more preferably 0.1~
0.15kg, most preferably 0.125kg.N in compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of the present invention：P2O5：K2The ratio of O is preferably 15：15：
15, the amount of application of the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is preferably every plant of 0.05~0.1kg of cassava, more preferably 0.06~0.08kg,
Most preferably 0.075kg.Organic fertilizer of the present invention is preferably commercial product, derives from Guangxi great Hua Fei industry Co., Ltd, institute
The amount of application for stating organic fertilizer is preferably every plant of 0.175~0.4kg of cassava, more preferably 0.2~0.375kg, most preferably
0.25kg.When top dressing of the present invention, preferably the calcium magnesium phosphate, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and organic fertilizer are mixed, impose on wood
Around potato root system, more preferably impose on around cassava root system at about 20cm.Top dressing of the present invention can increase plant nutrition and
Resistance.
The present invention sprays foliar fertilizer after the 5~10d of top dressing.The present invention preferably sprays blade face after 6~8d of top dressing
Fertilizer more preferably sprays foliar fertilizer after 7d.It includes alga fertilizer, boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer and sugarcane that foliar fertilizer of the present invention, which is preferably,
The aqueous solution of sugar.Include preferably alginic acid, chitin root-growing agent and humic acid, the alginic acid in alga fertilizer of the present invention
Content it is preferred >=40g/L, content >=20% of the chitin root-growing agent.The end of alga fertilizer in foliar fertilizer of the present invention
Concentration is preferably 300~1000 times of liquid, more preferably 400~800 times of liquid, most preferably 500 times of liquid.Sea of the present invention
Algae fertilizer can enhance plant resistance, promote bud differentiation.The quality final concentration of boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer of the present invention is preferably
0.075~1.25%, more preferably 0.825~1.125%, most preferably 0.1%.Boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer of the present invention
Preferred includes iron, boron, zinc, magnesium and calcium, and the mass percent of the iron is preferred >=and 1.2%, the quality hundred of the boron
Point than it is preferred >=0.4%, the mass percent of the zinc is preferred >=0.4%, the mass percent of the magnesium is preferred >=
6.0%, the mass percent of the calcium is preferably >=2%.The quality final concentration of sucrose of the present invention is preferably 0.75~
1.25%, more preferably 0.825~1.125%, most preferably 1.0%.Foliar fertilizer of the present invention preferably sprays 1~
2 times, complete stool sprays preferably are carried out to cassava when spraying, the amount sprayed is preferably subject to blade and starts to drip.This hair
Plant resistance and nutrition can be improved in the bright foliar fertilizer.
The present invention applies after the 5~10d of Foliar Spraying and promotees flower liquid.In the present invention, it is preferred on the blade face
Fertilizer sprays the after-applied rush of 6~8d and spends liquid, more preferably spends liquid in the after-applied rush of 7d.Rush flower liquid of the present invention includes preferably grass
Sweet phosphine, 300~1000 times of liquid flower forcing element and 300~1000 times of liquid alga fertilizer.The concentration of glyphosate of the present invention is preferred
It is 0.035~0.075mg/L, more preferably 0.045~0.06mg/L, most preferably 0.05mg/L.It is of the present invention
The final concentration for promoting flower forcing element in flower liquid is preferably 300~1000 times of liquid, more preferably 400~800 times of liquid, most preferably
500 times of liquid.The final concentration of the present invention for promoting alga fertilizer in flower liquid is preferably 300~1000 times of liquid, more preferably 400~
800 times of liquid, most preferably 500 times of liquid.When rush flower liquid of the present invention sprays, complete stool sprays, institute preferably are carried out to cassava
It states the amount sprayed and is preferably subject to blade and start to drip, the number sprayed is preferably 1~4 time, when the cassava point
Branch simultaneously stops spraying after there is bud.Rush flower liquid of the present invention can promote bud differentiation, and play guarantor and spend hyperchromic and extend
The effect at florescence.
After spraying the rush flower liquid, after spraying the rush flower liquid, after spraying the rush flower liquid, there is branch to observing
With the plant of bud, the branch newly grown is removed in time and sprouts lateral bud, retains bud, spray nutritious liquor；To not observing out
The plant of existing branch and bud, repeats 1~4 step 6), to be seen to after branch and bud, sprays rush flower liquid.Institute of the present invention
It includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate and alga fertilizer to state nutrient solution.The mass concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the present invention is preferably 0.075~
0.125%, more preferably 0.0875~0.105%, most preferably 0.1%.Alga fertilizer in nutrient solution of the present invention
Final concentration is preferably 300~1000 times of liquid, more preferably 400~800 times of liquid, most preferably 500 times of liquid.It is of the present invention
When nutrient solution sprays, complete stool sprays preferably are carried out to cassava, the amount sprayed is preferably subject to blade and starts to drip, institute
The number sprayed is stated to be preferably 2~3 times.Nutrient solution of the present invention can increase plant resistance and nutrition.
The present invention further includes preferably crossbreeding and final-period management step after spray nutritious liquor.Hybridization of the present invention
Breeding is preferably carries out hybridization pollination, bagging breeding work using the open flower of induction in field.The present invention is to after described
The method of period management does not have special restriction, utilizes the Routine Management method of this field.Final-period management of the present invention, it is excellent
120d~130d is applied and is imposed after planting for choosing, can use compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15)225kg/hm2~
300kg/hm2, it is cassava mite evil peak when paying attention to carrying out the prevention, especially 7-9 month high temperature and droughts of cassava common disease and pest
Phase.The cassava prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control can require to execute according to the standard of NY/T 2046.
It is described in detail with reference to the method that embodiment blooms to induction cassava provided by the invention, but cannot
They are interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The Cassava Cultivars of the south China bloomed using branch difficulty 12 are induced as material：
1) it levels land, according to the line-spacing ridging of 1.0m, the kind plant hole that spacing in the rows is 1.0m is set on ridge；
2) according to 300kg/hm2Amount spread fertilizer over the fields compound potassium sulfate fertilizer in kind of plant hole；
3) in mid or late March, current year seedling stem is planted in kind of plant hole；
4) mid or late May, when seedling stem grows to height of seedling 20cm, every plant of cassava imposes calcium magnesium phosphate 0.125kg, potassium sulfate
Composite fertilizer 0.075kg and organic fertilizer 0.25kg；
5) after top dressing 7d, 0.1% boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer+500 times of alga fertilizer liquid+1% of cassava complete stool sprays clear water preparation
The mixed solution of sucrose is primary, and blade starts to stop spraying after dripping；
6) after Foliar Spraying 7d, cassava complete stool sprays clear water prepare final concentration of 0.05mg/L glyphosate solution+
The mixed solution of C17 flower forcing 500 times of liquid of plain 500 times of liquid+alga fertilizers, blade start to stop spraying after dripping；
7) it when branch and bud occurs in plant, removes the branch newly grown and sprouts lateral bud, retain bud, the spray of cassava complete stool
The mixed solution for 500 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+alga fertilizer that the mass concentration for applying clear water preparation is 0.1%, blade start to drip
Stop spraying afterwards.
Reference examples are set, in addition to without flower induction, remaining operation all same.
It is observed that the current year raw cassava through induction, buddings at the beginning of June 15, July 13 reached full-bloom stage such as Fig. 1-1
It is shown, and inflorescence stalwartness, as shown in Fig. 2-1, plant abloom rate 100%, average at flower 46.0 piece/plant of quantity, average female flower number is
6.3 pieces/plant.And there is level-one branch after July 1 in adjoining tree, only there are minute quantity inflorescence such as Fig. 1-2 institutes in first time branch
Show, inflorescence is frail as shown in Fig. 2-2, and branch flowering rate is less than 10%, and the plant that blooms is average at flower 9.3 piece/plant of quantity, average female
Spend several 0.7 pieces/plant.
Embodiment 2
With not branch or late branch kind osmanthus cassava No. 6 for material, induced：
1) it levels land, according to the line-spacing ridging of 1.0m, the kind plant hole that spacing in the rows is 1.0m is set on ridge；
2) according to 350kg/hm2Amount spread fertilizer over the fields compound potassium sulfate fertilizer in kind of plant hole；
3) by the end of March, current year seedling stem is planted in kind of plant hole；
4) mid or late May, when seedling stem grows to height of seedling 20cm, every plant of cassava imposes calcium magnesium phosphate 0.125kg, potassium sulfate
Composite fertilizer 0.075kg and organic fertilizer 0.25kg；
5) after top dressing 7d, 0.1% boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer+500 times of alga fertilizer liquid+1% of cassava complete stool sprays clear water preparation
The mixed solution of sucrose is primary, and blade starts to stop spraying after dripping；It is spaced 7d, then is sprayed primary；
6) after Foliar Spraying 7d, cassava complete stool sprays clear water prepare final concentration of 0.05mg/L glyphosate solution+
The mixed solution of C17 flower forcing 500 times of liquid of plain 500 times of liquid+alga fertilizers, blade start to stop spraying after dripping；It is sprayed at interval of 7d
Once, it sprays altogether 3 times；
7) it when branch and bud occurs in plant, removes the branch newly grown and sprouts lateral bud, retain bud, the spray of cassava complete stool
The mixed solution for 500 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+alga fertilizer that the mass concentration for applying clear water preparation is 0.1%, blade start to drip
Stop spraying afterwards.
Reference examples are set, in addition to without induction, remaining operation all same.
It is observed that osmanthus cassava No. 6 buddings after induction at the beginning of June 28, about full-bloom stage on July 22 (as shown in Figure 3)
And inflorescence is healthy and strong (as shown in Fig. 4-1), until plant abloom rate in July is 65%, it is average at flower 83.5 piece/plant of quantity, wherein average
Several 23.2 pieces/plant of female flower.And there is level-one branch in control group plant after July 15, branch flowering rate is less than 5%, it is average at
Few and weak flower quantity is only 18 pieces/plant (as shown in the Fig. 4-2), several 3.0 pieces/plant of average female flower.
As seen from the above embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of method that induction cassava blooms, branch can once be induced
The bloom current year raw cassava of kind of difficulty blooms, and Blooming 2~4 months, and abloom rate 100% is average to increase by 5 at flower quantity
Times, average female flower number increases by 9 times；It can once induce not branch or the current year raw cassava of late branch kind to bloom, and open in advance
2~4 months are spent, 65% or more abloom rate, average to increase by 4.64 times at flower quantity, average female flower number increases by 7~8 times.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that induction cassava blooms, includes the following steps：
1) it levels land, the line-spacing ridging of 1.0~1.5m, ridge are planted in a ridge duplicate rows plantation or a ridge uniline plantation according to plant
High 10~15cm, the kind plant hole that setting spacing in the rows is 1.0~1.2m on ridge；
2) compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in described kind of plant hole, the amount of application of the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is 300~400kg/hm2；
3) in mid or late March to early April, using keep flat or oblique cutting by the way of by cassava seed stems sowing in kind of plant hole；
4) when seedling stem grows to 20~40cm of height of seedling, top dressing is carried out, the top dressing is that every plant of cassava applies calcium magnesium phosphate 0.075
0.175~0.4kg of~0.25kg, 0.05~0.1kg of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and organic fertilizer；
5) after the 5~10d of top dressing, foliar fertilizer is sprayed；The foliar fertilizer is the seaweed for including final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid
The sucrose of fertilizer, the boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer of quality final concentration of 0.075~1.25% and quality final concentration of 0.75~1.25%
Aqueous solution；
6) after the 5~10d of Foliar Spraying, apply and promote flower liquid；The flower liquid that promotees includes the careless sweet of 0.035~0.075mg/L
Phosphine, final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid flower forcing element and final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid alga fertilizer；
7) after spraying the rush flower liquid, occur the plant of branch and bud to observing, remove the branch newly grown in time and sprout
Lateral bud is sent out, bud, spray nutritious liquor are retained；Occur the plant of branch and bud to not observing, repeats 1~4 step 6), wait for
After observing branch and bud, rush flower liquid is sprayed；The nutrient solution includes the di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate that mass concentration is 0.075~0.125%
The alga fertilizer of hydrogen potassium and final concentration of 300~1000 times of liquid.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cassava seed stems described in step 3) are cassava production kind
Stem.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, before step 3) seedling stem plantation, including being sterilized to seedling stem
Process, the disinfecting process is by the immersion of 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder of seedling stem.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 5), step 6) and the alga fertilizer described in step 7) are only
It is vertical be include alginic acid >=40g/L, the Water soluble fertilizer containing humic acid of chitin weight percent >=20%.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the boron zinc-iron magnesium calcium fertilizer described in step 5) includes quality percentage
Iron than >=1.2%, the boron of mass percent >=0.4%, the zinc of mass percent >=0.4%, mass percent >=6.0%
The calcium of magnesium and mass percent >=2%.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, removing the branch newly grown and plant in time described in step 7)
Viviparous lateral bud, the time be from observe occur bud differentiation to complete bloom, solid whole process, ensure plant nutrition master
Supply reproductive growth.
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| CN110199809A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of efficient construction method of cassava inbred line population material |
| CN111837852A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for inducing cassava to bloom |
| CN112514751A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Long-term storage and recovery method of cassava crossbreeding capsule |
| CN112715304A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for improving blooming of cassava |
| CN112931524A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-11 | 海南大学 | Regulator for inducing cassava flower buds to form amphoteric flowers and preparation method thereof |
| CN114467943A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Fertility-possessed amphoteric flower inducing composition for cassava and method for inducing flowering and seed setting twice in year |
| CN116267559A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting flowering of cassava |
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| CN112514751A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Long-term storage and recovery method of cassava crossbreeding capsule |
| CN112514751B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-17 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Long-term storage and recovery method of cassava crossbreeding capsule |
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| CN112931524A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-11 | 海南大学 | Regulator for inducing cassava flower buds to form amphoteric flowers and preparation method thereof |
| CN114467943A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Fertility-possessed amphoteric flower inducing composition for cassava and method for inducing flowering and seed setting twice in year |
| CN114467943B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-01-16 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Amphoteric flower induction composition with cassava fertility and method for twice annual induction flowering and seed setting |
| CN116267559A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting flowering of cassava |
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Application publication date: 20180831 Assignee: Fuchuan Taro Union Planting and Breeding Professional Cooperative Assignor: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023980046561 Denomination of invention: A method of inducing cassava flowering Granted publication date: 20191126 License type: Common License Record date: 20231108 Application publication date: 20180831 Assignee: Guangxi Fuchuan Dexin Ecological Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023980046559 Denomination of invention: A method of inducing cassava flowering Granted publication date: 20191126 License type: Common License Record date: 20231108 Application publication date: 20180831 Assignee: Guilin Guanyang SHANGNONG Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023980046558 Denomination of invention: A method of inducing cassava flowering Granted publication date: 20191126 License type: Common License Record date: 20231108 Application publication date: 20180831 Assignee: Guangxi Shunteng Agricultural Products Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023980046557 Denomination of invention: A method of inducing cassava flowering Granted publication date: 20191126 License type: Common License Record date: 20231108 Application publication date: 20180831 Assignee: Guangxi Hezhou Funong Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023980046556 Denomination of invention: A method of inducing cassava flowering Granted publication date: 20191126 License type: Common License Record date: 20231108 |
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